Name the ones you know fabulous remedies movement
- Mortar (to drive with a pestle, to cover the trail with a broom) or just on a broom
Riding fairy-tale animals (pegasus, dragons)
Pechka (Emelya with pike)
Sports horse (Soviet cartoon about a boy who didn’t want to do exercises)
Barrel (the tale of Tsar Saltan)
sandals with wings (Mercury)
cloud ("On the road with the clouds")
flying ship - If according to modern
Vacuum cleaner-broom This is for grandmas
Airplane carpet For all kinds of tourists and Aladdins.
Hang glider - eagle. For extreme sports enthusiasts and hobbits.
Fighter-Dragon For pilots and Aragons.
The Wolf car is for everyone and Ivan the Fool.
Tank - A stove for tankers and all sorts of tankers.
You can associate for a long time. The main thing is that we have transport that is no worse than in fairy tales.
About the time machine...This is rather an area science fiction than fairy tales. - A flying carpet, a pepelats, a stupa with a broom at Baba Yaga’s, at the behest of the pike...
- disappear instantly and appear where needed, in an old fairy tale there was a flying steamboat
broom, stove, sivka-burka, and fairy wizards help, etc. - Core (Mühnhausen). , wild geese (Nils, frog - traveler)
And the word “boots” does not decline (except for walking boots) - Baba Yaga's stupa, with the help of the ring, ended up in another place, Sivka Burka, Gray Wolf, with the help of Old Man Khattabych and other genies.
- Little Mook's shoes
- wolf, eagle, dragon, barrel
- teleport
- Simitsvetik flower (I wished for where I needed it and moved)
- Baba Yaga's stupa, flying carpet, flying ship, Sivka burka, running boots, swan geese, gray wolf, hut on chicken legs, help from wizards, pumpkin carriage, stove, hunchbacked horse, fairy-tale characters sometimes turn into an animal and runs away, damn it, riding animals and birds, wearing an invisible hat, a broom, magic shoes (flying)
- Baba Zha's Stupa
- house, silver slippers and flying monkeys - " Emerald City"
train - "Alice through the looking glass"
cockchafer, water strider and other insects - a fairy tale about an ant who was late for the anthill
umbrella - Mary Poppins
Gogol's coffin - Geese swans - geese
Masha and the Bear - box with pies and Masha
Princess frog - box
the fox used the wolf as a means of transportation
A hut on chicken legs
STORM-HORSE horse of Perun:
Perun's horse has a pearl tail, his mane is gilded, all studded with large pearls, and in his eyes he has the Margarit stone, where he looks everything burns with fire.
LIGHT-WINGED BOAT, drawn by white or golden swans, means of transportation Slavic gods or fairy-tale heroes.WELCOME Western Slavs the patron of good news, the messenger of the gods - something like the ancient Hermes (Mercury).
Descending from heaven, he put on winged boots, reminiscent of the running boots of Russian fairy tales. - Broom, pomelo, stove from "Po" pike command", there is also the sleigh on which Emelya rode from the forest, sleigh-scooters are mentioned in the fairy tale "The Rooster and the Cat", as edited by Ushinsky, a hut on chicken legs, geese-swans, a genie from 1000 and one night, which takes the hero to different there are places somewhere magic ring, with the same functions. There is a Russian folk tale "The Flying Ship", in various tales the hero escapes on an eagle, feeding it meat cut from his thigh. If you remember mythology, there is Pegasus, the sandals on which Perseus fought the dragon, centaurs, clouds.
- Bake. Chrt (evenings on a farm near Dikanka)
- Gray wolf, pepelats, stove, stupa, magic ring, Sivka-burka
- Running boots!
- kogbunok, time machine
Keywords: Russian folk tales, literary tales, magical objects, helping objects, modern inventions.
The fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it,
good fellows lesson
Modern devices allow us to move quickly, get to know the world, expand our horizons, instantly learn news, make housework easier, etc. Machines and mechanisms have become so firmly established in our lives that we don’t even notice them. But people have dreamed of such devices for a very long time. Ideas can be found in fairy tales: a flying carpet, walking boots, a self-propelled stove, a harp - a samogud... We wanted to look at some of the fairy tales in a slightly different way than just a literary work, to trace the path of several inventions, from dreams to reality.
I love reading fairy tales and imagining the life of this or that people. While reading fairy tales, I noticed the presence of various magical objects, reminiscent of some modern inventions. How, in seemingly old fairy tales, people managed to predict the appearance of modern televisions and players remains a mystery. We decided to find out what specific modern objects are represented in fairy tales by writing a paper on the topic: “ Comparative analysis magical objects from fairy tales modern inventions».
The relevance of the study is due to the insufficient knowledge of fairy tales. Nowadays, a lot of research is being carried out, the purpose of which is to compile a unified classification of fairy tales, characters and plots. Therefore, it seems logical to study the realities presented in fairy tales. Such a study will help to get a more complete picture of such a genre as a fairy tale. This determines the scientific novelty and theoretical significance of the work.
The object of the study was magical objects that were given to help the main characters of various fairy tales.
The purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis between fairy-tale magical objects and modern inventions.
In accordance with the purpose of the study, the following tasks were set:
Identify magical objects found in fairy tales;
Consider their functioning in fairy tales;
Conduct a comparative analysis between fairy-tale magical objects and modern inventions.
The work uses the method of comparative analysis. A comparison was made between fairy-tale objects and everyday objects modern man.
The research material was Russian folk and literary fairy tales.
The subject of the research was magical objects and objects - assistants in Russian folk and literary fairy tales.
The fairy tale is a whole movement in literature. Behind long years In its formation and development, this genre has become a universal genre, covering all phenomena of surrounding life and nature, achievements of science and technology.
In ancient times, when there were no books or schools yet, grandfathers and grandmothers invented fairy tales to tell their children and grandchildren about the world around them. In them they talked about the struggle between good and evil, about the infinity of the world and the dangers lurking in it. The younger generation told these tales to their children and grandchildren, and then to their own, and so on from century to century.
Events in fairy tales were gradually corrected, acquired new details, and unnecessary ones were gradually forgotten. So it accumulated age-old wisdom- which has come down to us. Fairy tales present the actions of the heroes and their consequences, thus, by their example, fairy tales help to avoid unpleasant mistakes.
The fairy tale constantly changed, absorbing features new reality, but remained continuously connected with social and historical events.
Fairy tale like figurative reflection world, demands from the reader special qualities perception creative imagination, developed powers of observation, the ability to understand allegories.
Reading fairy tales, we encounter big amount various magical objects and wonders. In fairy tales they have a variety of functions, one of which is to help the hero and make his existence easier. Already at this stage we can draw an analogy with modernity - the technology used by modern man.
Here are some magical objects, their functions in the fairy tale and compare them with modern inventions.
Fairytale items andtheir modern analogues
Let's turn to the fairy tale "Old Man Hottabych": Hottabych, together with Volka and his friend, set off on a flying carpet - a magic carpet that flies through the air and moves the heroes from one place to another.
"Ivan sat down on Magic carpet, flew out underground kingdom and before he had time to blink, he found himself in a beautiful garden, sat down under a broom bush and began to watch and admire how gold and silver fish walked in the bright water.”
However, civilization does not stand still and, after some time, an airplane appeared, and then scientists invented modern airplanes. Thus, an analogue of a flying carpet is modern airplane. It, like its counterpart, helps people move from one place to another in a fairly quick time.
The first flight was made on an airplane designed by A.F. Mozhaisky, but the flight was unsuccessful. Six years later, an airplane built by brothers Orville and Wilbur Wright took to the skies and flew 50 meters in 12 seconds. And in 1909 they built an airplane that reached a speed of 60 km per hour. Since that time, the development of aircraft manufacturing in Europe began.
Currently, supersonic aircraft invented in Russia are flying successfully: the SU-27 interceptor fighter, the TU-22 M3 supersonic long-range bomber.
“Baba Yaga bone leg quickly sat down V stupa, rose into the air and rushed after the girl like a pusher, chasing her, sweeping her trail with a broom.”
In the fairy tale "Down the Magic River" the reader meets Baba Yaga's stupa, which, of course, can be compared with modern helicopters.
Despite the fact that the plane had dominated the air for many years, it had one drawback - in order to remain in the air, it must constantly and at a sufficiently high speed move in a horizontal plane, because the lifting force of its wings directly depends on the speed of movement . Hence the need for a takeoff run during takeoff and a landing run, which chains the aircraft to the airfield.
This niche, after a long design search, was occupied by a rotorcraft - a helicopter.
Helicopter is an aircraft with vertical take-off and landing. There are single-rotor helicopters with a tail rotor; two- or multi-screw.
Boris Yuryev made a significant contribution to the invention of the helicopter. He improved the propeller blades and created an automatic skewer that ensures the necessary installation of the blades.
In addition, to move in space, heroes of Russian fairy tales often used walking boots. In various fairy-tale states, messengers always had a pair of magic boots for quickly transporting royal decrees. So, for example, in the fairy tale “Down the Magic River,” Tsar Makar sent a messenger in magic boots to Vasilisa the Wise for advice. IN modern world we can find analogues of walking boots even on children - figure skates in winter androller skates - in summer. Of course, their purpose of use is somewhat different, but they still remain a means of moving in space. The first roller skates appeared at the beginning of the 17th century! The Dane Hans Brikur attached wooden spools to his shoes.
Among our compatriots, perhaps, there is not a single one who has not watched the cartoon “Well, wait a minute!” in particular the episode in which the Wolf finds himself in a fairy tale. Entering Baba Yaga's house, he discovers there samogudy harp. This magical object plays music itself, without human intervention.
In modern everyday life, a number of devices perform the same function - music player, tape recorder, player.
Talking about modern technology, can't help but mention TV. Modern TV is modernized saucer withapple. The saucer was used to observe events, for example, taking place in various places of the fairy-tale country, for example, Baba Yaga in the fairy tale “Down the Magic River” used the saucer to learn about the main events in the capital fairy tale kingdom, and subsequently watched the battle between the Tsar’s heroes and the army of Koshchei the Immortal.
In fairy tales, characters often found themselves in situations where they needed to get to someone's palace or castle, the location of which was unknown to them. In such situations, the heroes always came to the rescue magic ball thread or yarn showing the way.
Modern man often finds himself in such situations, and in our world he comes to the aid of navigator, which is an analogue of a fairy tale ball.
The navigator was invented back in 1932, with a scrolling map, the scrolling speed depended on the speed of the car.
“Stove, at the pike’s command, at my request, go bake the stove straight to the king’s palace. And the stove crackled, and suddenly flew out into the wild. And faster than any bird it rushed to the king.”
In the Russian folk tale “At the Pike’s Command,” the reader encounters a magical oven, which Emelya rode.
All he had to do was put the wood in the stove, and it was immediately ready to hit the road. An analogue of a magic oven is modern car . The word car means “self-propelled carriage,” although in the modern world it is customary to call cars only vehicles equipped with autonomous engines.
The beginning of the modern automobile era is usually counted from 1895, when, independently of each other, G. Daimler and K. Benz built self-propelled carriages with internal combustion engines, with a large number rpm and high compression ratio. Since then, the Russian automotive industry has come a glorious way. Russian inventors of the pre-revolutionary period made a significant contribution to the development of automotive technology, ranging from the muscular self-propelled vehicles of Shamshurenkov and Kulibin to Puzyrev’s cars and the products of the Russian-Baltic Carriage Plant.
"Cockerel from a high knitting needle
Began to guard its borders,
A little danger where visible
A faithful watchman, as if from a dream,
Will move, perk up,
Will turn to that side
And shouts: “Kiri-ku-ku!”
This tale may make you think about modern radar. Christian Hülsmeier first invented radar in 1904. The radar sends out a directed beam of radio waves. A car, plane or other large metal object that comes into the path of a radio beam reflects it like a mirror. The radar receiver picks up the reflection and measures the time it takes for the pulse to travel to the reflecting object and back.
“The fire burns brighter,
The little hunchback runs faster
Here he is in front of the fire.
The field shines as if it were day;
Wonderful light flows all around,
But it doesn’t heat, it doesn’t smoke
Ivan was amazed here.
“What,” he said, “what kind of devil is this!
There are five hats in the world;
But there is no heat and no smoke.
This is a miracle - a light!
The horse tells him:
There is something to marvel at!
There's a feather here firebirds…»
Isn't it about fluorescent lamps? we're talking about?
Daylight lamp- This is a fluorescent lamp with a bluish glow. Used for general lighting purposes. All types of fluorescent lamps are often called fluorescent lamps. It was invented in 1872 by Russian electrical engineer A. N. Lodygin.
“... Grandma took it millstones and started grinding like you couldn’t turn it - damn it, it’s cake!” .
This magical fairy tale item can be compared With microwave oven. This device converts electricity into electromagnetic microwaves. The microwave oven was first patented by American inventor Percy Spencer in 1945.
Summing up the work done, it should be noted that in Russian fairy tales there are many parallels with the life of modern man. We came to the conclusion that people’s dreams are encrypted allegorically in these works.
These works indicate that a person’s dreams can sooner or later come true. To realize any dream, mental and physical effort, economic opportunities, and an irresistible desire are required.
But there is a magic object in fairy tales that can help heroes in various situations - a magic wand, and, unfortunately, it has not yet been possible to invent an analogue of a magic wand.
Literature:
- www.litra.ru
- www.bizyukov.temator.ru
- www.tehnologid.ru
- Russian folk tales. Compiled and notes by V. P. Anikin, Moscow: Children's Literature, 1986.
- Works in 3 volumes. Moscow: Fiction 1986
- Encyclopedia for children. Volume 11. Technology. Editor-in-Chief: Aksenova, Moscow: Avanta, 2004.
- The Little Humpbacked Horse: A Russian fairy tale in three parts. Moscow: Children's literature, 2002.
- Kamov F., Kurlyandsky A. Well, wait a minute! - L., 1997.
- Lagin L. Starik-Hottabych. M.: Children's literature, 1973.
- Propp V. Ya. Historical roots fairy tale. L., 1986.
- Russian folk tale “At the command of the pike.”
- Russian folk tale "The Firebird".
- Pushkin A.S. Golden Cockerel.
- Uspensky E. “Down the Magic River”
- Russian folk tale "The Rooster and the Millstones". Edited by A. N. Afanasyev.
Keywords: Russian folk tales, literary tales, magical objects, helper objects, modern inventions.
Annotation: The article is devoted to a comparative analysis between fairy-tale magical objects and modern inventions; an analogy is drawn between magical wonders that help the hero and make his existence easier with the technology used by modern man.
To the question: Name the fairy-tale vehicles you know, asked by the author I-beam the best answer is Geese swans - geese
Masha and the Bear - box with pies and Masha
Princess frog - little box
the fox used the wolf as a means of transportation
A hut on chicken legs
STORM-HORSE - Perun's horse:
“Perun’s horse has a pearl tail, his mane is gilded, all studded with large pearls, and in his eyes he has the Margarit stone, where he looks, everything burns with fire.”
LIGHT-WINGED BOAT, drawn by white or golden swans, is a means of transportation for Slavic gods or fairy-tale heroes.
DOBROGOST - among the Western Slavs, the patron of good news, the messenger of the gods - something like ancient Hermes (Mercury).
Descending from heaven, he put on winged boots, reminiscent of the running boots of Russian fairy tales.
Answer from Kolibriya fresh[guru]
teleport
Answer from freshly salted[guru]
Core (Mühnhausen). , wild geese (Nils, frog - traveler)
And the word “boots” does not decline (except for walking boots)
Answer from ~ Caroline ~[master]
Baba Yaga's stupa, flying carpet, flying ship, Sivka burka, running boots, swan geese, gray wolf, hut on chicken legs, help from wizards, pumpkin carriage, stove, little hunchbacked horse, fairy-tale characters sometimes turn into animals and runs away, the devil, riding animals and birds, wearing an invisible hat, a broom, magic shoes (flying)
Answer from Sailor[guru]
Gray wolf, pepelats, stove, mortar, magic ring, Sivka-burka
Answer from Yovetlana Prokofieva[guru]
Running boots!
Answer from Echidna[guru]
house, silver slippers and flying monkeys - "emerald city"
train - "Alice through the looking glass"
cockchafer, water strider and other insects - a fairy tale about an ant who was late for the anthill
umbrella - Mary Poppins
Gogol's coffin
Answer from Vladimir Vekshin[guru]
A broom, a broom, a stove from "At the Pike's Command", there is also a sleigh on which Emelya rode from the forest, sleigh-scooters are mentioned in the fairy tale "The Rooster and the Cat", as edited by Ushinsky, a hut on chicken legs, geese-swans, gin from 1000 and one night, which takes the hero to different places, somewhere there is a magic ring with the same functions. There is a Russian folk tale "The Flying Ship", in various tales the hero escapes on an eagle, feeding it meat cut from his thigh. If you remember mythology, there is Pegasus, the sandals on which Perseus fought the dragon, centaurs, clouds.
Answer from Qwerqwerqwe rqwerqwerqw[master]
If according to modern
Vacuum cleaner-broom This is for little girls
Airplane carpet For all kinds of tourists and Aladdins.
Eagle hang glider. For extreme sports enthusiasts and hobbits.
Fighter-Dragon For pilots and Aragons.
The Wolf car is for everyone and Ivan the Fool.
Tank - A stove for tankers and all sorts of stuff.
You can associate for a long time. The main thing is that we have transport that is no worse than in fairy tales.
About the time machine... This is more the realm of science fiction than fairy tales.
Answer from Yoamiilo Kishka[guru]
Little Mook's shoes
Answer from Fabul[guru]
Bake. The devil (evenings on a farm near Dikanka)
Answer from Nick Storozhev[guru]
donkey
Answer from Daria[guru]
disappear instantly and appear where needed, in an old fairy tale there was a flying steamboat
broom, stove, sivka-burka, and fairy wizards help, etc.
Baba Yaga's stupa, with the help of the ring, ended up in another place, Sivka Burka, Gray Wolf, with the help of Old Man Khattabych and other genies.
MBOU "Secondary school No. 15"
urban district city of Salavat
Means of transportation by air in literary works
5a grade student
Scientific adviser:
Davletbaeva Olga Vasilievna,
teacher of Russian language and literature
highest qualification category
Salavat 2014
My research hypothesis: “...could people actually take off without all these “flying” devices?”
Goals and objectives of the study:
1) To analyze the prototypes of which aircraft the fairy-tale and literary “flying” devices became.
2) Create a kind of library of fairy-tale and literary flying heroes.
3) Prepare a series of conversations on this topic for elementary school students, which I could conduct myself.
I. INTRODUCTION
IN 
In my research work, I want to talk about some “flying” fairy-tale and literary heroes and their “flying” devices, and also try to understand and explain why many literary and fairy-tale heroes flew long before the first human flight into space. Unfortunately, no one knows when a person first raised his head to the sky and noticed its frightening size and at the same time fantastic beauty. We also do not know the time when a person first noticed birds soaring in the air, and the idea of following them arose in his head. Just as any journey, even the longest one, begins with one small step, so does long history The conquest of airspace began with an ordinary dream. Scientists believe that this happened a very long time ago. AND for a long time man saw only one opportunity to rise to heavenly heights - to become like birds and gain wings.
IN 
Man can see the difference from most animals blue sky, covered with white, as if cotton, clouds, a bright, yellow Sun and carefree colorfully colored birds fluttering. He couldn't help but take advantage of it. The sky delighted and beckoned. Thus was born a dream, which was first embodied in legends and then became a reality. And yet, some scientists believe that people flew in ancient times. Why did they descend back to earth, having lost their wings? The sky has always been fraught with many mysteries - is humanity, in the 20th century once again taking off to the clouds, destined to solve them? Memories of such flights have undergone some changes over the years and, in a simplified form, have survived to this day in the form folklore images. In legends northern peoples The flight technique was described very simply: a fire was lit from shavings, covered with wet matting, anyone could sit on the matting, and the heat lifted him into the heavens up to the Lord God himself. By the way, on the other side of the earth, the aborigines of Oceania have a similar myth about traveling to the heavenly country of their ancestors with the help of a smoke stream: “Iolofat sat on a stream of smoke and rose to Lang” or “a woman entered a smoke column and rose with him to the sky. ..” Perhaps it was precisely this method of aeronautics that served as the prototype for “flying ships”, references to which are found not only in many fairy tales, but also in the myths of the peoples of the world
II . Mythical and fabulous flying heroes of Russian fairy tales
If you carefully study the history of the development of human society, you will notice that everyone ancient people who inhabited the Earth had their own fabulous and mi fic flying heroes. Good and sometimes sacred creatures had wings folded behind their backs and descended to Earth. They were also equipped with terrible dragons that brought evil to people. Every wise wizard had, first of all, to fly. What kind of omnipotent is he if he can’t even fly?.. And since no one yet knew how exactly one could fly for real, people came up with ideas for what they could do. Whatever the residents flew on fairy world! In Russian fairy tales, these characters cut through the air either with a fiery feather, or with a heavy snake-gorynych’s body, or with a mortar or a curly horse’s mane. From legend to legend are new, closely intertwining children's fairy tales with ancient and half-forgotten mythology, in which echoes of pagan tribes of farmers, nomads, and warriors are mixed. In Russian fairy tales one can find traces of a variety of cultures of the West and East, North and South. Phoenix bird - also known as the Firebird, a dragon with three heads, winged shoes, more often known as walking boots, a flying carpet. Our glider pilots consider their direct ancestor to be the one who once soared on this magic carpet. The flying carpet was built as a tailless glider, according to last word current technology. "What? - said one of the pilots in Crimea, in Koktebel. “If the updrafts are good, you can try it on the carpet, if nothing else is at hand.”
All these creatures and magical attributes created for flight are present in one way or another in almost every fairy tale, thereby creating a cleverly intertwined but integral layer of Russian mythology and culture. It is noteworthy that Most flying characters in Russian fairy tales, unlike European fairy tales, are not the embodiment of a person’s dream of flying. Their ability to fly is not a miracle; you can negotiate with them, catch them, tame them, outwit them, or, in the end, just communicate as equals. On the other hand, among the main characters there are often handsome men and beauties, princes and princesses, who, having “thrown themselves to the ground,” can turn into a dove or a falcon, a sparrow and even a bumblebee.
B 
Most of the people flew in fairy tales on different brooms. Every real witch had a small broom or broom. Famous Russian witch, Bab Yaga, the first to replace the broom with a wooden mortar. This apparatus was controlled using a pestle. Baba Yaga is the most popular flying character in Russian fairy tales. He invariably moves through the air in a mortar, often waving a broom. Baba Yaga prefers to spend days and nights in her quaint hut or in the company of Leshy and Kikimora. The appearance of her stupa in a fairy tale, cutting through the sky above the forest, does not, as a rule, promise anything good - the Bone Leg strives to eat all human flesh. But even an old woman can have a problem, and Yaga is by no means devoid of human weaknesses - if you please her, she will open to the brave hero treasures of his ancient wisdom: either he will give you the blade of grass you need, or he will tell you what and where you can get it in the forest. Baba Yaga, spirit of the forest, Russian dashing, fairy creature, terrifying mere mortals with its truly scary appearance and way of life - independent Magic power, which must be reckoned with not because it can fly, but because it simply exists in those magical Russian forests, where sometimes only heroes and fools are carried.
However, some witches also loved to fly on a black goat. It was fun to sit on it backwards and hold on to the goat's tail. Many people in fairy tales showed the wonders of the art of flying on magic 
y horses. The famous Ivan the Fool raced on a hot mare. Following the example of the witches, he also sat on his horse backwards. Rolled across the sky to make thunder and 
lightning prophet Elijah. He had a thundering chariot. When a new aircraft was accepted into the tsarist army, a prayer service to Elijah the Prophet was required. Many other famous and glorious heroes also flew on horses: the Greek Bellerophon rode on the winged horse Pegasus. Son The Sun Phaeton, having climbed onto his father’s chariot, went to shine for the people, but became confused and crashed to pieces.
III
.
Flying children's heroes literary fairy tales and stories
After dragons, all sorts of extravaganzas and witches, the ability to fly for heroes and anti-heroes migrated to a more harmless and safe form of children's literary fairy tales. In Western children's fairy tales, flights often appear: Little Muk (W. Gauff) gets shoes that carry him wherever he wants, the Snow Queen (H.H. Andersen) rolls the sick Kai across the sky in her cold sleigh...
However, there are not many characters for whom flying is as natural as walking is for us. However, you can remember several of these magical heroes without specifically re-reading a book of fairy tales. James Barry's Peter Pan is one of the most famous fairy-tale "flyers". This is one of the few characters who flies on his own, without additional magical attributes, and this is as natural to him as breathing air. The boy Peter, visiting the houses of city residents, loses his shadow in one of the rooms, without which he can’t fly away 
It's impossible. This chance allows a whole group of children to fly over the city and fairy lands. To make this possible, you just need to lightly shake (as long as you have enough patience) the magical fairy, whose sparkling pollen, barely touching the body, can lift into the air 
uh anyone. And in order to soar calmly and freely on a summer night over a sleeping city, in addition to a grain of miracle, you only need a little confidence and desire. Break away from everyday life and, trusting in chance and a handsome hero, fly to the country of your loved ones. 
dreams and be so free that the forces of gravity will cease to have any significant significance. The character of S. Lagerlöf’s story also had to fly throughout almost the entire fairy tale. incredible adventures Nils and the flock of geese. And although here, too, there was some witchcraft that made him a little boy, he still felt much more anxious about flying, clinging to the feathers on the neck of someone unaccustomed to flying. domestic goose and fearing that the wind will blow or turn too sharply. Here, the ability to move through the air is an annoying and very exciting necessity on the way to saving the boy from the spell of the irritated gnome magician. Another thing is Martin the goose, who knew neither the sweet sensation of a long flight nor lands beyond the poultry yard. For him, the opportunity to join a flock of wild geese is the only option for liberation from routine life. village bird and the fate of a hot dinner with baked apples and praise to the hostess about her culinary talents. The transformation of the inexperienced and slightly naive Martin into the hero of the wild goose flock is a miracle, probably more important than the ability to fly. That is why the author ultimately leaves a free sky for the birds, and for humans the opportunity to emerge victorious from any incredible situations.
ABOUT 
However, the most charming flying inhabitant of European fairy tales remains the cheerful one, Carlson, what, with light hand Astrid Lindgren lives on the roof and, thanks to talented Russian animators, has become the favorite hero of all children from 4 to 80 years old. Having a small and unburdensome propeller behind him, he is free to roam from floor to floor, looking into the windows from the street, playing pranks here and there, causing a slight mess behind the backs of grumpy nannies and housewives. Cheerfulness, the ability to give joy to others and turn everything into good joke- properties are completely human, but meeting them in life can be as difficult as a soaring passerby. Carlson's ability to fly is just a consequence of his easy, but by no means frivolous, character. And it doesn’t matter if the engine suddenly malfunctions - just a jar of raspberry jam, and everything will be fine again. Baron Munchausen (E. Raspe) was a good amateur pilot, if you believe his own words. He was a master of all sorts of inventions. Once he made a brave flight on ducks strung in a garland on a string. On another occasion, he managed to break the speed record while flying on a cannonball.
IV . conclusions
Having researched this topic, having analyzed works of art, I came to the following conclusions. Fabulous and literary heroes rise into the air thanks to the amazing imagination of man, thanks to his eternal desire to overcome gravity, rise above everyday life and feel real freedom, to feel the volume and infinity of the world. That is why they do not need special, smart devices. They fly using the simplest things found in the house. These are: a broom used to sweep the floor or yard, a mortar in which grain was pounded to obtain flour, a carpet used to decorate a home, boots that used to be worn by the richest townspeople, a cart (aka chariot) in which they carried their belongings, a sledge, on which children still ride down the mountain in winter, an umbrella that is used to protect themselves from the rain, a propeller similar to a fan for cooling the air, a balloon that is given for a birthday. That is why the most real domestic and wild animals and birds fly: a horse, a mare, a humpbacked foal, a goat, a deer, a wolf, geese, swans, ducks. And some fly without even leaving home, like the girl Ellie, and the boy in love Vakula manages to saddle the devil himself. And finally, the “most-most” did not find anything more suitable at hand than an ordinary cannonball. They do not need any preparation, and they are ready to move in space and time and fly as long as a person is able to dream about flight, until one day a person flaps his wings and flies...
Annex 1
Flight device
Koschei the Deathless - main negative character Russian fairy tales, whose death is at the end of a needle, which is in an egg, and the egg is in a pike, a pike in a duck, a duck in a falcon, a falcon in a chest, a chest under the roots of an oak tree on Buyan Island. It is with him that the good fellows have to fight before finding their “frog princess”
L 
flies on its own using its wings
through fairy tales of all peoples of the world
Fire-breathing dragon (one or many heads) – the main negative character of many legends of the peoples of Europe
Wings
Baba Yaga lives in most Russian folk tales. He always only threatens to commit a crime, but most often helps good fellows find Elena the Beautiful or Vasilisa the Wise
Broom, mortar
AND 
Van Tsarevich,
aka Ivan the Fool, the hero of Russian folk tales. Most often, the main slacker, on whom happiness falls " according to the pike's command»
WITH 
gray wolf, Little Humpbacked Horse, flying carpet
Witches live in the oral folk art peoples of Europe, in W. Shakespeare's tragedy "Macbeth", in modern children's horror films and fantasy, in Bulgakov's novel "The Master and Margarita" They gather at the Sabbath to worship the devil, perform sacrifices, feasts, dances and bacchanalia (consultation with a teacher-mentor)
M 
Etla
"Daedalus and Icarus" (from myths Ancient Greece)
WITH 
homemade wings.
"Little Muck"
B 
Ashmak
L
running sleigh
"Peter Pan"
WITH 
on its own, without additional attributes, sprinkled with pollen from the Tinker Bell fairy
"Nils's Wonderful Journey with the Wild Geese"
D 
some geese
"Mary Poppins"
Umbrella, laughing gas
"Three stories about the Kid and
P 
propeller
"Winnie the Pooh and everything, everything, everything"
IN 
balloon
“Dunno in the Sunny City”, “Dunno on the Moon”
IN 
hot air balloon
« 
The Adventures of Baron Munchausen"
U 
weave, core
Research results
1) I read and analyzed Russian folk tales, fairy tales and legends of the peoples of the world, and works of art by famous children's writers, in which fairy-tale and literary characters fly themselves or with the help of a “flying” device.
2) I compiled an illustrated catalog of flying heroes and their means of transportation and tried to determine the prototype of what kind of modern aircraft this “flying” device could be.
3) Prepared a presentation in the program Power Point and carried out her defense on class hour within the framework of a school-wide decade of research work.
4) I have prepared an illustrated text booklet that can be used as a visual aid and as a kind of encyclopedia of flying heroes.
5) Made a plan and schedule for conducting conversations on the research topic in primary school. I conducted them in December 2014 in the 1st and 2nd grades of my school.
A small child of some acquaintances, being left at a party and extremely dissatisfied with this, said:
- At the behest of the pike, according to my desire, put on a T-shirt and shorts and I’ll find myself at home.
The words of this young man- an expression of the dreams of perhaps all people - freedom of movement. You thought it too in Moscow, and you thought it again in London.
Thoughts about free movement are thousands of years old, during which time humanity has dreamed up many mythical mechanisms capable of moving them in space. The following is a list of the 10 most common mythical vehicles.
1
A bunch of sponge, brushwood or a bunch of twigs mounted on a stick, a tool designed for sweeping the oven floor before planting bread. One of Baba Yaga's attributes, with which she covers her tracks.
Usually the “grandmother” moves not on a broom, but in a mortar, but there are examples of witches flying independently on a broom and a broom.
Mentioned in many Russian folk tales.
2
A mythical carpet with which you can move in space over very long distances. The principle of operation is unknown.
Mentioned a lot oriental tales, popularity was brought by its mention in Tales of a Thousand and One Nights.
Old Man Hottabych appeared in the Soviet film; I personally admired him for his coolness.
3
Magic shoes from European and Slavic fairy tales that give +100 to movement speed. Also known as seven-league boots, adding 7 miles minus 1 step to every step taken.
Usually kept under lock and key in a casket, perhaps so that they do not escape on their own.
4
A lazy person's dream, a self-propelled unit with voice control and heated seats. Specifications: all-terrain, fuel - wood, coal, etc. passenger capacity is limited only by overall dimensions.
Mentioned in the Russian folk tale At the command of the pike.
The people came up with the Flying Ship, wrote an instructive story about it, fairy tale of the same name"Flying ship". It has its disadvantages and its advantages over other magical things. There is only one drawback - it is low-power, but there are also advantages - you need to say the magic words in order to fly anywhere on it, and this provides protection against theft. The flying ship has a large capacity and the ability to transport various cargo and more heroes.
6
Sandals with wings attached to them. Used by Hermes during the battle with the Gorgon Medusa. They were given the opportunity to rise into the air.
At the same time, nothing is known about the principle of operation, and it is completely unclear how the inner wings did not touch each other.
7
The Persian writer Kay-Kavusa came up with such a miracle as a flying throne. The throne was an ordinary throne, to which four poles were attached at the corners. The roof was supported on poles on top, and pieces of meat hung under the roof.
Eagles were tied to the throne below, reaching for the meat and lifting the throne by taking off.
In this simple way the author traveled to China.
8
Chinese literary character, Monkey King - Sun Wukong, known from the novel "Journey to the West", knew how to fly on a cloud.
Sun Wukong went on a journey in search of a teacher who would teach him immortality. The Taoist who took him as a student taught him how to fly on a cloud, 72 transformations and other magical actions. Sun Wukun's Cloud (Auspicious Cloud)
9 Winged disk, Nar, a pillar of fire on which the Chorus moved
ancient mythological symbol, widely used among the peoples of the Ancient East. The great-grandson of the god of the underworld, Horus, fought on the winged disk of his grandfather Ra (Marduk).
The winged disk of Ra, or the so-called Nar, a pillar of fire, was depicted as an oblong cylindrical object with fins or short wings.
10
A fantastic aircraft shown in the movie “Kin-dza-dza!” In some countries former USSR the word “pepelats” has become a common noun to ironically refer to inconvenient or old vehicles, since the inside of the pepelats in the film is cramped, poorly lit and noisy. Many people use this word to refer to their car. Also, sometimes the word “pepelats” is used to refer to aircraft - helicopters, small aircraft.
