Russian writer, travel engineer, one of the founders of the city of Novosibirsk.
Many Novosibirsk residents associate the appearance of their city directly with the name of the railway engineer and famous Russian writer N.G. Garin-Mikhailovsky. And this, in general, is fair, since he did everything in his power to ensure that the Trans-Siberian Railway crossed the Ob exactly where the city subsequently appeared, which would be destined to become the largest industrial, scientific and cultural center in eastern Russia.
N.G. Garin-Mikhailovsky was born on February 20, 1852 in St. Petersburg. His father was a military officer, and Tsar Nicholas I himself baptized him. After graduating from high school, the future writer entered the Institute of Railways (St. Petersburg) and six years later, during Russian-Turkish war, as a young engineer he was sent to the active army to build a highway in Bulgaria. Since then N.G. Garin-Mikhailovsky was involved in construction almost all his life: he built bridges, tunnels, and laid railways.
For many years he was closely connected with Siberia, where he took a direct part in the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway.
N.G. Garin-Mikhailovsky was among those who believed that the construction of a bridge across the Ob near the village of Kolyvan, along the ancient Moscow highway, was extremely unprofitable due to the large flood of the river during floods and unstable soils for bridge supports. The Fifth Kolyvan Party, led by him, in the process of detailed research, determined the final location of the railway crossing across the Ob. N.G. had to spend a lot of effort. Garin-Mikhailovsky, defending this project in the fight against the Siberian merchants and bureaucratic bureaucracy.
On February 23, 1893, the version of the Siberian road with the crossing of the Ob River near the village of Krivoshchekovo was approved. The birth of Novosibirsk was a foregone conclusion.
But the work of a prospector and track engineer was far from the only occupation of N.G. Mikhailovsky in his life. He was a talented engineer, business executive, educator (created schools and libraries for peasants), publisher (first he published the magazine “Russian Wealth”, participated in the organization of the magazines “Nachalo” and “Vek”, and later founded the Marxist newspaper “Samara Vestnik”), public figure. And all this coexisted perfectly with the talent of a very bright and original writer.
Having traveled all over Siberia, N.G. Garin-Mikhailovsky could not ignore the Siberian theme. In his works, the writer showed typical for Russia late XIX century phenomena associated with the rapid growth of capitalism and the stratification of peasants, and also reflected the most character traits Russian national character- first of all, hard work, the desire for truth, freedom and justice.
The last year of N.G.’s life Garin-Mikhailovsky was marked by new beginnings. He came up with the idea of a theater in which writers and artists would be in close working together were looking for fresh forms of reflection of modern life.
Siberian epic N.G. Garin-Mikhailovsky, which took six months of research and then another year and a half of struggle, was, judging by the shortness of time, only an episode in his rich life. But this was the highest take-off, the pinnacle of it engineering activities- by the foresight of calculations, by the irrefutability of a principled position, by the tenacity of the struggle for best option and - based on historical results.
LITERATURE:
- N.G. Garin-Mikhailovsky. Biobibliographic index. - Novosibirsk, 2012. - 102 p.
- Nikulnikov A.V. N.G. Garin-Mikhailovsky. - Novosibirsk: Novosibirsk Book Publishing House, 1989. -184 p., ill.
- Constellation of fellow countrymen. Famous men of Novosibirsk: Literary and local history collection. Series “On the banks of the broad Ob”. Book five. - Novosibirsk: Editorial and Publishing Center "Svetoch" of the board of the Novosibirsk regional public organization "Society of Book Lovers", 2008. - P. 19-21.
Indomitable is apparently best definition character of an engineer and writer. Garin-Mikhailovsky always gave his all in what he did.
Childhood
He was born in 1852 into a wealthy noble family. Father - Georgy Antonovich Mikhailovsky was wounded during an attack during the war and was awarded for bravery. After retiring, he settled in Odessa. His first child Niki godfather was Mother Glafira Nikolaevna was a noblewoman Serbian origin. The boy grew up handsome, cheerful, but very lively and nimble in his misfortune.
Every now and then he violated the instructions of his father, whom he loved very much, and therefore his father rashly took up the belt. The future writer Garin-Mikhailovsky studied at the Richelieu gymnasium. All this will later be described in two parts of the tetralogy: “Tema’s Childhood” and “Gymnasium Students.” In them, almost each of the heroes has real prototype. Only at the age of forty did I finish my first biographical story Garin-Mikhailovsky “The Childhood of Tyoma.” He wrote his works in passing, one might say, “on his knees,” wherever necessary. But when reading, you don’t notice this.
Youth
After graduating from high school, Garin-Mikhailovsky decided to become a lawyer and entered the university. But a year later, the dictates of his soul lead him to the Institute of Railways. It was a colossal success both for himself and for society. Later, Garin-Mikhailovsky would become a talented practical engineer.
In the meantime, he works as a trainee fireman in Bessarabia. But when he finishes his studies, he is sent to Bulgaria, and then participates in the construction of the Bender-Galician road. The work of a survey engineer greatly fascinated Nikolai Georgievich. In addition, decent earnings appeared. In the same 1879, he very happily married Nadezhda Valerievna Charykova (they had eleven children and three adopted children). The wedding is taking place in Odessa, and the evening train is supposed to take the young couple to St. Petersburg. But the cheerful and noisy Mikhailovsky family changes the clocks in advance, and the young people are late for the train and leave only in the morning. And how many jokes and laughter there were about this! In St. Petersburg, Mikhailovsky did not like the paperwork in the ministry. Therefore, he is happy to return to practical work. Builds a plot railway Batum-Samtredia. The work is very dangerous - gangs of robbers hide in the forests and attack workers. Then he is transferred and appointed head of the Baku section of the Transcaucasian Railway. At the end of 1882, seeing corruption and bribes, he resigned, although he really loved the work of a survey engineer.
Gundurovka (1883-1886)
N.G. Garin-Mikhailovsky buys an estate in the Samara province, where he plans to create a farm that will help raise harvests, and wants to destroy the kulaks.
The ideas of the populists had already penetrated his consciousness. But three times they allowed the “red rooster” into his estate. The mill, the thresher and, finally, the entire crop were destroyed. He was practically ruined and decided to return to being an engineer. He lived in Gundurovka for two and a half years.
Engineering work
In 1886 he returned to his favorite job. Conducted research on the Ural section "Ufa-Zlatoust". The family lives in Ufa at this time. This was the beginning. He worked as an economist, and the result was enormous savings - 60% of money for every mile. But this project had to be fought through. At the same time, he continues literary work, writes an essay “Option” about this story. Mikhailovsky introduced Stanyukovich to the first chapters of the story “The Childhood of Tyoma,” which was published in its finished form in 1892. In addition, documentary essays about the village were published, which were also successful. In 1893, the essay “A Trip to the Moon” was published. But in his heart and in practice he remained a railway engineer.
Practical work
She was tearing off all the time. But it was a labor of love. Mikhailovsky traveled all over Siberia, the Samara province, and visited Korea and Manchuria to find out the possibility of construction there too. The impressions were included in the essay “Across Korea, Manchuria and the Liaodong Peninsula.” He visited China, Japan and finally arrived in San Francisco through Hawaii.
I traveled by train through all the states and returned to London, stopping at Paris on the way. In 1902, the essay “Around the World” was published.
A famous person
He became very famous person in the capital both as a traveler and as a writer. And as a result, he was invited to Nicholas II. He walked with timidity and returned with bewilderment. The questions that the emperor asked were simple and uncomplicated and spoke of the limited thinking of the questioner.
Literary life
He was very active with a number of magazines. “Tyoma’s Childhood”, “Gymnasium Students”, and “Students” have already been published. Work is underway on "Engineers". At the evening meeting of the “Bulletin of Life” he suddenly died. His heart could not withstand such a load. He was 54 years old.
On a gloomy November morning, St. Petersburg saw off Garin-Mikhailovsky to last way at the Volkovo cemetery. There was not enough money for the funeral. I had to collect it by subscription.
The book of life
The biography of the writer Garin began with “The Childhood of Tyoma.” He took this pseudonym after the name of his son Harry. But everyone is used to calling the author Garin-Mikhailovsky. Summary- this is a bright and pure spring of childhood memories. A huge manor house on the outskirts of a large southern city and the adjoining “rented yard”, which was rented out to the poor, where in the dirt and dust, in games and pranks shared with the poor yard children, Tyoma spent his childhood - nothing more than his father’s house , where Nikolai Mikhailovich spent his childhood.
Tyoma Kartashev’s childhood was happy, but by no means cloudless. The father, with his misunderstanding, severely wounds the tender child's soul. This suffering little Tyoma, the fear of a stern and strict father resonates with pain in the reader’s soul. And Tyoma’s mother, sensitive and noble-hearted, loves her impetuous and impressionable son deeply and, as best she can, protects him from his father’s methods of education - merciless spanking. The reader witnesses the merciless brutal execution and the horror that fills the mother’s soul. The child turns into a pitiful little animal. His human dignity has been ripped away from him. Good luck and failure teaching experience are relevant in our time, as Garin-Mikhailovsky shows them (“Childhood of Tyoma”). Summary - the spirit of humanity, respect for the child’s personality - the basics of democratic pedagogy. The dramatic death of his father ends and will forever be remembered by him last words: “If you ever go against the king, I will curse you from the grave.”
Storytellers of Russia and the USSR
Victor Eremin
The Book of Happiness; Chicken Kud; Parrot; Korean fairy tales.
Nikolai Georgievich Garin-Mikhailovsky
“Children were a source of lasting joy for him. He relaxed with the children, with the children he laughed like a child and trembled with their small, so funny, so naive joys. And we, the children, greedily caught his free moments, surrounded him, each pulled him in his own direction and asked for more and more new fairy tales, which he created right there on the spot, created with inimitable skill. And then it was our turn - Nikolai Georgievich persistently demanded fairy tales from us, and our inexperienced naive attempts made him laugh contagiously and encouragingly” (B.K. Terletsky).
Nikolai Georgievich Mikhailovsky was born on February 20, 1852 in St. Petersburg. His father, Georgy Antonovich Mikhailovsky, was from an old noble family, an uhlan, awarded the Order of St. George for his exploits. Out of respect for the warrior, Emperor Nicholas I personally became the godfather of his eldest son Nicholas. The boy’s mother, nee Glafira Nikolaevna Tsvetinovich, came from Serbian nobles.
After the death of Nicholas I and the completion Crimean War Georgy Antonovich retired with the rank of general and moved with his family to Odessa, where he had his own house and estate near the city. The future writer spent his childhood there. I’ll note right away that military general Mikhailovsky turned out to be a useless entrepreneur, and therefore during the years of reforms of Alexander II, the family slowly went bankrupt. This happened so slowly that it actually did not affect Nikolai’s youth.
The boy received his initial education at home, then he was sent to a German school, from where he entered the Odessa Richelieu Gymnasium. In 1871, Mikhailovsky became a student at the Faculty of Law of St. Petersburg University, but failed the first session. In 1872 he successfully entered the Institute of Railways. This is how the main one was found life path a brilliant writer and survey engineer.
After graduating from the institute, civil engineer Mikhailovsky was sent to Bulgaria and Moldova, which had just been liberated from the Turks. He participated in the construction of a port in the Burgas region, as well as the Bender-Galician railway, which connected Moldova with Bulgaria. The young man worked in the Balkans for 4 years.
In 1879, Nikolai Georgievich married the daughter of the Minsk governor, Nadezhda Valerievna Charykova. And here we have to say about the most important properties personality of Nikolai Georgievich. First of all, he was unusually charming person, women easily fell in love with him, and as for men, he knew how to persuade and pacify even the toughest creditors. Secondly, Mikhailovsky was an extremely frivolous person and did things for which anyone else would certainly have suffered; suffice it to say that having a large family, 11 of his own and 3 adopted children, he managed to squander the capital of his two millionaire wives in the shortest possible time (shortly before his death, the writer, having received a loan, hired a private train and traveled on it to Paris to buy fruit for banquet in honor of receiving this loan, etc.). But at the same time, thirdly, Mikhailovsky was very thrifty and prudent where it came to government money and the common good of Russia.
After his marriage, Nikolai Georgievich asked to build the Batumi railway in Transcaucasia, where he was almost killed by Turkish bandits.
Since he already had children, Mikhailovsky decided not to take any more risks and become a landowner. With his wife's money, he bought an estate in the Samara province and organized a scientifically based, profitable farm there. However, the peasants mistook his good deeds for the master’s eccentricities - they burned the farm in mockery and destroyed the harvest. After 3 years, when his wife’s money ran out, Mikhailovsky had to return to engineering.
Since 1886, Nikolai Georgievich built tunnels, bridges, and laid railways. He worked in Ufa, in the Kazan, Kostroma, Vyatka, Volyn provinces and in Siberia. He is considered the founder of the city of Novonikolaevsk (Novosibirsk). Since April 1903, Mikhailovsky led the expedition to carry out design work for the construction of a railway on the southern coast of Crimea.
At first, the family followed the breadwinner. In the winter of 1887 they lived in Ust-Katav (near Chelyabinsk). The Mikhailovskys’ first daughter, 3-month-old Varenka, died there. Their eldest son Garya (George) was born there.
In the winter of 1890-1891, Nadezhda Valerievna became seriously ill. Mikhailovsky took a leave of absence and took his family to a ruined Samara estate. His wife recovered, and Nikolai Georgievich, out of boredom, decided to write memories of his childhood. He had made attempts to engage in literature before this. In the early spring of 1891, at the height of the mud, the outstanding Russian writer and marine painter Konstantin Mikhailovich Stanyukovich came to them from St. Petersburg. He accidentally came across Mikhailovsky’s manuscript “Several Years in the Country,” and he decided to get to know the author. Nikolai Georgievich read a fragment from his memoirs to the guest, and he offered to give them to the Russian Thought magazine. Since the editor-in-chief of this publication was Nikolai Georgievich’s namesake, a pseudonym was required. They started to come up with ideas. And then little Gary ran into the room. The father took the baby in his arms and said with a laugh:
- I'm Garin's dad!
To which Stanyukovich replied:
- Here is the pseudonym - Garin!
The writer's first books were published under this name. Then she appeared double surname- Garin-Mikhailovsky.
Nikolai Georgievich entered the literary field in 1892 with the memoir “Tema’s Childhood” and the story “Several Years in the Village.” Readers welcomed the talented author. Over time, the memoirs became a tetralogy: “Theme’s Childhood” (1892), “Gymnasium Students” (1893), “Students” (1895), “Engineers” (published 1907). It is considered the best of everything that Garin-Mikhailovsky created.
In 1895, in Samara, the writer met Vera Alexandrovna Sadovskaya, née Dubrovina. This millionaire donated huge sums to his engineering and literary adventures. The romance that began ended with Nikolai Georgievich’s divorce from Charykova and his wedding to Sadovskaya. From that time on, the writer began to appear in society, accompanied by two wives! The women were forced to make friends and humbly accept the whims of their common husband. The writer had no intention of abandoning any of them. Although his salary was not enough to support such a large family, everyone lived on Sadovskaya’s income. Garin-Mikhailovsky even wrote a play about his life with two wives; it was staged at the Samara Theater, and the entire unusual family was present at the premiere.
The writer did not forget about himself. Tired of constant survey and construction expeditions, he decided to make a trip in 1898. trip around the world along the route Far East—Japan—America—Europe. The wives agreed.
Just before leaving, Mikhailovsky was offered to take part in a large scientific expedition on North Korea and Manchuria. Since Korea had previously pursued a policy of self-isolation, this was the first large-scale foreign scientific expedition in those places. It would have been criminally stupid to refuse it. And the writer agreed.
The journey turned out to be very difficult and dangerous. The expedition walked and rode horses for 1,600 km. And no matter where she appeared, local authorities gathered storytellers who, through translators, told Nikolai Georgievich folk tales- such was the whim of the writer. Everything was recorded and resulted in a unique book, “Korean Fairy Tales.” The author published it in 1899, after which it was translated into many languages of the world.
With the beginning Russo-Japanese War Garin-Mikhailovsky went to the Far East as a war correspondent. There he remained until the beginning of the first Russian revolution and the end of the war.
Upon returning to St. Petersburg, the writer continued to work on the story “Engineers”, and also took part in the work of the Bolshevik magazine “Bulletin of Life”. On the evening of December 10, 1906, a stormy meeting of the journal's editorial board took place, at which Garin-Mikhailovsky spoke energetically. Suddenly he felt bad, he went into the next room, lay down on the sofa and died. The writer suffered from cardiac paralysis from overwork.
Since the day before, Nikolai Georgievich, out of frivolity, gave a large sum for the cause of the revolution, and both of his families were already ruined by that time, money had to be raised by subscription for the funeral. The burial of Nikolai Georgievich Garin-Mikhailovsky took place at the Volkovskoye cemetery in St. Petersburg.
N.G. Garin-Mikhailovsky
Looking at its history, we remember with gratitude the man to whom our city owes its birth to a large extent: Nikolai Georgievich Garin-Mikhailovsky - an inspired survey engineer, builder of many railways across vast expanses of Russia, a talented writer and publicist, author of the tetralogy "Childhood" Topics", "Gymnasium students", "Students" and "Engineers", a prominent public figure, tireless traveler and discoverer.
Nikolai Georgievich was born on February 8, 1852 into an old noble family, once one of the richest and most noble in the Kherson province. He was baptized by Tsar Nicholas I and the mother of revolutionary Vera Zasulich.
Children's and adolescence Nikolai Georgievich, coinciding with the era of reforms of the 1860s. - a time of decisive breaking of old foundations, took place in Odessa, where his father, Georgy Antonovich, had a small house and an estate not far from the city. According to the tradition of noble families, he received his initial education at home under the guidance of his mother, then, after a short stay in a German school, he studied at the Odessa Richelieu Gymnasium (1863-1871).
In 1871 N.G. Mikhailovsky entered the law faculty of St. Petersburg University, but, having failed the exam in the encyclopedia of law, next year passed the exam at the Institute of Railways with flying colors. During his student internship, Mikhailovsky traveled as a fireman on a steam locomotive, built a road from Moldova to Bulgaria, and then he already realized that one must put not only one’s mind into work, physical strength, but also courage; that labor and creation in. his chosen professions are linked together and provide a rich knowledge of life and constantly encourage him to look for ways to transform it.
After graduating from the institute in 1878 with the title of “civil engineer of railways, with the right to produce construction work", the young engineer was sent to Bulgaria, which had just been liberated from centuries-old Ottoman rule. He built a port and roads in the Burgas region. Russian engineers were the first to come to Bulgaria not to destroy, but to create, and Nikolai Georgievich was very proud of this.
Since then, a first-class engineer in three guises: surveyor, designer and builder - Nikolai Georgievich Mikhailovsky spent his entire life building tunnels, bridges, laying railways, working in Batum, Ufa, in the Kazan, Vyatka, Kostroma, Volyn provinces and in Siberia. He took an active part in the creation of the Great Siberian Railway. “Experts assure,” wrote A.I. Kuprin, “that it is difficult to imagine a better prospector and initiator - more resourceful, inventive and witty.”
“They say about me,” Nikolai Georgievich reported in one of his Ufa letters to his wife, “that I do miracles, and they look at me with big eyes, but I’m funny. So little is needed to do all this. More conscientiousness, energy, enterprise , and these seemingly terrible mountains will part and reveal their secret, invisible passages and passages, using which you can reduce the cost and significantly shorten the line.”
Great patriot, N.G. Garin-Mikhailovsky dreamed of the time when his homeland would be covered with a network of railways, and did not see greater happiness than working for the glory of Russia and bringing “not imaginary, but real benefit.” He considered the construction of railways as a necessary condition for the development of the economy and security of the state, the future prosperity and power of his country. Given the lack of funds provided by the treasury, he persistently advocated for reducing the cost of building the line by developing new, more profitable options and introducing more advanced construction methods.
In articles about the Siberian Railway, he enthusiastically and passionately defended the idea of savings, taking into account which the initial cost of the railway track was reduced from 100 to 40 thousand rubles per mile; proposed publishing reports on the “rational” proposals of engineers, and put forward the idea of a “court of criticism,” public discussion of technical and other projects “to avoid previous mistakes” and replenish the “treasury of human knowledge.”
In 1891 N.G. Garin-Mikhailovsky led the survey party that chose the site for the construction of a railway bridge across the river. Ob for the Great Siberian Railway, and with its “option at Krivoshchekovo” created the conditions for the emergence of Novosibirsk - one of the largest industrial and scientific centers of our country. (Why not through Tomsk?) The most difficult section was the approach to the Ob-Yenisei watershed. Many options were discussed. In a wild country with an unusually harsh climate, despite hardships and colossal strain of strength, Mikhailovsky’s exploration party scrupulously lays out (one after another) options for crossing the Ob and chooses the best, shortest, most profitable: where great river flows along a rocky bed between rocky banks near the village of Krivoshchekovo. Big role Engineer Vikenty-Ignatiy Ivanovich Roetsky played a role in choosing the location for the railway bridge. It was his detachment, which was part of the fifth survey party, that carried out detailed surveys in this area. A dense, untouched forest grew on the right bank of the Ob. Nikolai Georgievich wrote in his diary: “For now, due to the lack of... railways, everything is sleeping here... But someday a new life will sparkle brightly and strongly here, on the ruins of the old.”
Everything about him was extraordinary: appearance, thoughts, deeds... "Grows up in front of me a slim body young men with a dark complexion, with gray hair, with youthfully bright eyes. You can't believe he's 50 years old. You won't say that this is an aging person. Such hot eyes, such a moving face, such a friendly smile can only be found in a young man." This is what geologist B.K. Terletsky, his adopted son, wrote about Nikolai Georgievich. Many photographs have been preserved that capture Nikolai Georgievich, but they do not fully reflect the dynamism and the charm of this amazing man.
Perhaps more vivid impression compiles a verbal portrait written by A.I. Kuprin: “He had a slender, thin figure, decidedly careless, fast, accurate and beautiful movements and a wonderful face, one of those faces that are never forgotten. What was most captivating about this face was the contrast between the premature gray of his thick wavy hair and the very youthful shine of his lively, bold, beautiful, slightly mocking eyes - blue, with large black pupils. The head of a noble shape sat gracefully and lightly on a thin neck, and the forehead - half white, half brown from a spring tan - attracted attention with its clean, intelligent lines. He entered and within five minutes he had mastered the conversation and became the center of society. But it was clear that he himself did not make any effort to do this. Such was the charm of his personality, the charm of his smile, his lively, relaxed, captivating speech."
Nikolai Georgievich Mikhailovsky (as a writer he acted under the pseudonym N. Garin: on behalf of his son - Georgy, or, as the family called him, Garya) lived an amazing life bright life. It is worth re-reading everything he wrote in order to better understand the soul and heart of this gifted Russian man, whom his contemporaries considered a talented, cheerful and prone to mischief person, who knew how to talk beautifully about his difficult but amazing work as a railway engineer and no less talentedly write about his experiences and experiences. seen
Peace was abhorrent to Nikolai Georgievich’s ebullient nature. His element is movement. He traveled all over Russia, traveled around the world and, according to contemporaries, wrote his works “on the radio” - in a carriage compartment, in a steamboat cabin, in a hotel room, in the hustle and bustle of a station. And death overtook him “on the move.” Nikolai Georgievich died shortly after returning from the army, at an editorial meeting of the journal "Bulletin of Life". This happened on November 27, 1906. Having donated a large sum for the needs of the revolution, it turned out that there was nothing to bury him with. We collected money by subscription among St. Petersburg workers and intellectuals. The tsarist regime did not favor bright nuggets like Garin-Mikhailovsky. He was twice fired from the Ministry of Railways, persecuted, and kept under police surveillance. During his lifetime, fame came to him as the writer N. Garin. And now he is known as an outstanding engineer-creator, a selfless Russian educator.
Novosibirsk residents perpetuated the memory of N.G. Garin-Mikhailovsky, giving his name to the station square, the Garin-Mikhailovsky metro station, a school, and one of the city's libraries. Works by N.G. Garin-Mikhailovsky and materials about him were published more than once by the West Siberian Book Publishing House and published in the Siberian Lights magazine.
Nikolai Georgievich Garin-Mikhailovsky was born on February 8 (20), 1852, in St. Petersburg. But his childhood and adolescence were spent in Odessa. There Nikolai received his secondary education. He studied at the Richelieu gymnasium. After graduating from school, he became a student at the St. Petersburg Institute of Railways.
According to the recollections of classmates, the future engineer studied somehow. Him in to a greater extent I was attracted by the romantic side of studying away from home. He often partied with friends and had fleeting affairs.
Garin-Mikhailovsky received his engineering diploma in the summer of 1878, at the height of the Russian-Turkish War.
Engineering activities
Own way Mikhailovsky began as a senior technician in Burgas. There in 1879 he earned his first order. In the spring of the same year, he received a prestigious position in the construction of the Bendero-Galician railway. It was led by the company of S. Polyakov. The young engineer had no practical experience at that time, but he quickly established himself well and advanced in his career.
Winter 1879-1880 was quite fruitful for Mikhailovsky. He served in the Ministry of Railways. In March-April he took part in the construction of the Batumi port, which was recaptured from Turkey during the war.
Then he received the position of head of the Baku section of the railway in Transcaucasia. But Mikhailovsky did not last long in his new position.
In 1882 he resigned. The reason was that the straightforward and honest engineer could not come to terms with the reality in which the best human qualities must give way to the thirst for profit.
Garin-Mikhailovsky also took an active part in the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway. The railway bridge began to be built near modern Novosibirsk. The Tomsk section was not approved.
Literary experiments
Garin-Mikhailovsky was not a professional writer . But his works “Theme’s Childhood” and “Several Years in the Country” received recognition from both readers and critics. Nikolai Georgievich was published in “Russian Thought”. While collaborating with this magazine, Mikhailovsky became quite close with another outstanding writer, K. M. Stanyukovich.
The talent of the author of the story “The Childhood of Theme” allowed him to be called one of the outstanding writers of his time. But Garin-Mikhailovsky reacted fairly evenly to unexpected success. He did not want to devote his whole life to literature.
The cycle brought real fame to the writer autobiographical works. After “Childhood Theme,” “Gymnasium Students,” “Students,” and “Engineers” were published.
On a journey
For children studying short biography Nikolai Georgievich Garin-Mikhailovsky, it will be useful to know that his journey began in June 1898. The famous explorer A.I. Zvegintsov invited him to join his North Korean expedition. Foreman I.A. Pichnikov and technician N.E. Borminsky were also invited.
The expedition passed through North Korea, Manchuria and the Liaodong Peninsula. On the way back, Mikhailovsky visited the USA. The last point before returning to Russia was France.
Death
Garin-Mikhailovsky passed away suddenly. This happened on December 10 (27), 1906, during a meeting of the editorial board of the journal “Bulletin of Life”. The cause of death was cardiac paralysis.
Other biography options
- Mikhailovsky was familiar with royal family. After meeting M. Gorky, he became interested in Marxism. Later he began to collaborate with the Bolsheviks A. Lunacharsky and V. Vorovsky. He was an excellent polemicist and opposed populism.
Biography score
New feature!
