In the 14th century, their ancestor Indris left this country and took over in Chernigov.

Pedigree of the Tolstoys

The lineage of the Tolstoy family itself with his great-grandson, whose name was Andrei Kharitonovich. After living in Chernigov, he settled in Moscow. His first descendants were military personnel, which was a kind of tradition. However, in subsequent generations, state politicians and great literary figures began to appear in the Tolstoy family.

Tree

The closest ancestors of Lev and Alexey Nikolaevich and Alexey Konstantinovich are Peter Andreevich Tolstoy. He had two sons. One of them could not have children, and the second became the father of several sons, among whom Ilya and Andrei should be highlighted. It was they who produced the closest relatives of these three great writers.

Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy was born in 1828 in the Tula province. His father was Nikolai Ilyich Tolstoy, who was the son of Ilya Andreevich.

The Ilya Tolstoy branch is famous for the appearance of Lev Nikolaevich and Alexei Konstantinovich. They belong to each other second cousins. Alexey Nikolaevich appeared several generations later. Judging by kinship, then for Lev Nikolaevich he is a great-nephew in the fourth generation. The relationship, of course, is very distant, but still it indicates that they have common roots and can be considered their relatives, and not just namesakes.

Alexey Nikolaevich Tolstoy was born in 1883. His place of birth was the city of Nikolaevsk. His father is Count Nikolai Alexandrovich Tolstoy.

Many biographers are studying the Tolstoy family, and quite detailed family trees have already been compiled. All of them confirm the fact that there are three in this genus famous writers, which appeared in different periods time. The oldest of these writers is Alexey Konstantinovich. He was born in 1817 in the city of St. Petersburg. His father was Konstantin Petrovich Tolstoy, who is his brother famous artist F.P. Tolstoy.

Tip 2: Ivan Tolstoy: biography, creativity, career, personal life

Creative writing has an amazing quality: it is not just a collection of information, data about historical and personal relationships, it is something more. The reader is transported to that time, begins to understand and justify many things, and remember the relationships between the characters.

The works touch the soul inner world. However, there are authors who understand difficult questions fairness of assessment of creativity or activity. This is what literary historians do. Ivan Nikitich Tolstoy belongs to them.

Finding a calling

He was born in the famous creative family Leningrad in 1958, January 21. Father - son famous writer A. N. Tolstoy, mother is the daughter of the poet M. L. Lozinsky. The head of the family was a famous physicist and professor. Brother Mikhail also decided to study science. The sisters, Tatyana and Natalya, became writers.

In 1975, Ivan Nikitich graduated from school and became a student at a medical institute. Education turned out to be the wrong choice. Medicine did not attract the student at all. The wife, seeing her husband’s mood, advised him to study philology.

Then Ivan Nikitich entered the university to study philology. At the same time he worked in Pushkin mountains tour guide. After graduation, the graduate taught Russian language and literature at school. He studied archives and wrote articles.

The passion for emigrant literature increasingly captured the aspiring writer. However, publications on this topic did not work out. The first successes appeared in 1987. Tolstoy already taught at the Humanitarian and Polytechnic universities. He became the editor of Zvezda and a proofreader in Russian Thought.

Since 1994, Ivan Nikitich began teaching special courses on Nabokov at the university. The writer-historian chose emigrant history and literature as his specialization, as well as the period cold war. In 1992, the publicist headed the Toviy Grzhebina publishing house as editor-in-chief.

Favourite buisness

Since 1994, Ivan Nikitich became the editor-in-chief of “Experiments”. The magazine published more than five hundred of his reviews, reviews and articles. The writer created the books “Zhivago’s Washed Novel”, “Italics of the Epoch”.

In 1988, he began working for Radio Liberty as a journalist. Since the end of 1994, the writer has been among full-time employees. In 1995 he moved to Prague. The author chose all the topics and directions himself. Ivan Nikitich is a great story teller. His narration is distinguished by its brightness, imagery and liveliness. However, the writer is also a master of finding interesting stories. In his opinion, working with archives is an exciting activity. You can find incredible things that explain a lot in emigrant life.

When the context is presented, it becomes clearer historical picture. This is what a historian does. Tolstoy studies materials from the past in order to bring readers to the present day. The author does not have to invent anything. All his works are based on real facts.

The merit of the author is to unite them into a single whole, a story. When compared, an interesting narrative is created. The only difficulty, according to Tolstoy, is giving historical story fascination. Then you can not just listen, but listen with enthusiasm. Then it is easy for everyone to understand why this or that event happened, what is the connection between the facts that happened.

A unique researcher is able to find amazing information for readers and listeners. Ivan Nikitich became the host of several programs. Among them are “Myths and Reputations.” Significant projects The historian created the author’s series “Radio Liberty. Half a century on the air.” He hosts the program “Culture” on the channel “Culture”. Historical travels Ivan Tolstoy" and "Keepers of the Inheritance".

The programs open amazing stories about works, events, people. His programs talked about little-known historical characters. Thus, the program about Roman Goul, a French novelist of Russian origin, shows the story of a selfless mother who did everything to take her son away from the shocks of the revolution. The finale of the show is especially shocking. It turns out that the mother hid from her son not only the illness, but also her own care. Gul received encouraging letters after her death.

The writer told about the poet, the author of one poem Filaret Chernov, Moscow professor Sergei Melgunov, naval midshipman Boris Bjerkelund and politician Vasily Shulgin. He managed to piece together information about the author of what became the song “Snow Covered You, Russia.”

Working in the present tense

The researcher tried to translate his television programs onto paper, but quickly realized that the fascination was lost. The writer himself is not interested in repeating the material again. He prefers improvisation. The story itself is thought out in advance. The reason for it can be anything, from a accidentally noticed photo to a question asked by someone.

And it is much easier for Tolstoy to tell something himself than to listen to the stories of others. He himself draws the audience's attention to details that he thinks are interesting and pays quite a bit of attention to the psychology of the characters. His plots are distinguished by thoughtful dramaturgy. World culture in his programs it is retold again, but only from an interesting perspective.

Family Tolstoy

Count Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy, a writer, author of the novels “War and Peace”, “Anna Karenina”, “Resurrection”, and a number of novels, plays, and short stories brought worldwide fame to the Tolstoy family. The biography of Lev Nikolaevich is familiar to the reader school years, and we will not talk about it further. However, we note that the Tolstoy family produced several writers.

In the middle of the last century, Count Alexei Konstantinovich Tolstoy, the author of the story “Prince Silver,” a dramatic trilogy about Ivan the Terrible and two subsequent tsars, enjoyed fame. He, together with the brothers A. M. and V. M. Zhemchuzhnikov, wrote parody and satirical works under the pseudonym Kozma Prutkov.

Half a century later, Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy enjoyed no less fame. Soviet writer, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences, author of the novels “Walking in Torment”, “Peter I”, “Aelita”, “Hyperboloid of Engineer Garin”, etc.

Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy

Writers (but not so famous) were also Dmitry Nikolaevich, Mikhail Nikolaevich and Lev Lvovich Tolstoy.

Several Count Tolstoys were statesmen. Alexander Petrovich Tolstoy was the chief prosecutor of the Synod (a position equivalent to a ministerial one). He was a close friend of N.V. Gogol; Gogol lived in his house recent months his life, there he burned the manuscript of the second volume of Dead Souls.

Dmitry Andreevich Tolstoy was also Chief Prosecutor of the Synod, then Minister of Public Education (under Tsar Alexander II), Minister of Internal Affairs (under Tsar Alexander III). Ivan Matveyevich Tolstoy was the Minister of Posts and Telegraphs (under Tsar Nicholas I). Ivan Ivanovich Tolstoy was the Minister of Agriculture (under Tsar Nicholas II). Pyotr Aleksandrovich Tolstoy, an infantry general (second rank according to the Table of Ranks), was a member of the State Council.

Pyotr Andreevich Tolstoy was the General-Kriegskomissar (chief of the supply service). Alexander Petrovich and Andrei Andreevich Tolstoy rose in military service only to the rank of colonel (sixth rank according to the Table of Ranks). And Fyodor Andreevich Tolstoy, being in the civil service, became a Privy Councilor (third rank according to the Table of Ranks).

Other Tolstoys found their calling in other directions: Fyodor Petrovich - painter, sculptor and medalist, professor and vice-president of the Academy of Arts; Ivan Ivanovich - archaeologist and numismatist, vice-president of the Imperial Archaeological Society; Feofil Matveevich - composer; Yuri Vasilyevich - historian, was vice-governor.

Alexander Danilovich Menshikov

All the representatives of the Tolstoy family listed above lived quite a long time ago; it is appropriate here to recall one of the current Tolstoys. The author had a chance to meet Nikita Alekseevich Tolstoy, the son of the writer Alexei Nikolaevich. N.A. Tolstoy got carried away scientific activity, became a physicist, was a professor at the Institute of Technology, then at the university. Came to exams with a big box chocolates which he treated the students to. He said that this way he relieves stress among students. I didn’t give twos or threes: either the sweets helped, or the examiner was soft-hearted. At the end of his life, he suddenly became interested in politics, he infected his son Mikhail with this, and together they became deputies Supreme Council countries advocated radical reforms.

However, it would be more correct to start the story about the Tolstoy family with the representative of the family who first received the title of count. Pyotr Andreevich Tolstoy lived during the time of Peter I. At first he was a supporter of the Miloslavskys in their fight against the Naryshkins. But when Princess Sophia was imprisoned in a monastery, P. A. Tolstoy began to serve Tsar Peter I faithfully. He was appointed ambassador to Turkey, where the Turks imprisoned him twice. The times were difficult: Russia and Turkey had been at war for decades, there was no trust between the countries. There was no unity within the Russian embassy; denunciations were written against Ambassador P. A. Tolstoy in Moscow. Tsar Peter I did not take these denunciations into account, but he was still wary of Tolstoy, remembering his former commitment to the Miloslavskys.

P. A. Tolstoy acquired complete trust from the Tsar after he was able to return Tsarevich Alexei, who had fled there from his formidable father, to Russia from distant Italy. Tolstoy convinced the Tsarevich that he needed to repent - and the Tsar-Father would have mercy. But when Tsarevich Alexei returned to St. Petersburg, he was sentenced to death for treason. And P. A. Tolstoy became the head of the Secret Chancellery and count Russian Empire.

Under Tsarina Catherine I, Count P. A. Tolstoy was appointed a member of the Supreme Privy Council (“supreme”), that is, he actually ruled the state together with A. D. Menshikov, F. M. Apraksin and others. But two years later he became king Peter II, son of the murdered Tsarevich Alexei. The man who brought the unfortunate prince from Italy to Russia must be punished: Peter Tolstoy will be deprived of count's title and exiled to the Solovetsky Monastery, where he dies two years later. And only in 1760 did Queen Elizabeth (daughter of Peter I and Catherine I) return the title of count to the descendants of A. A. Tolstoy.

And let's finish this story with a story about the most extravagant of the Tolstoy family - Fyodor Ivanovich. One day he went to circumnavigation with Admiral I.F. Krusenstern and, out of boredom or mischief, quarreled with all the officers and sailors. He annoyed the admiral so much that he, usually calm and self-possessed, landed Fyodor Ivanovich on one of the Aleutian Islands. The count had to live in the company of savages for several years; they gave him a fantastic tattoo all over his body. Returning to Moscow, Tolstoy (who from then on became known as the American) invariably boasted of his tattoo. But he did not find any worthy occupations for himself. Out of idleness, boredom and anger, he became a duelist. For completely absurd reasons, he challenged people to a duel, and out of a sense of false pride, they could not refuse. The count killed 11 people in duels in a short period of time. He compiled a synodical list, where he wrote down the names of the people he killed. However, during the duel he himself exposed his chest to the pistol. Formally, dueling in Russia had long been prohibited, but in fact, some nobles resolved issues of honor (as they understood it) in a duel.

Then Fyodor Ivanovich almost committed suicide due to the inability to pay a huge gambling debt. He was saved by a gypsy who loved him, Avdotya Tugaeva, who contributed the required amount of money. Count Fedor married a gypsy. They had 12 children, all of whom, except two daughters, died in infancy. When another child died, the father crossed out one surname in his synod and wrote the word “quit” on the side. The eleventh child, daughter Sarah, who had undoubted poetic abilities, died at the age of 17. Fyodor Ivanovich crossed out the last name from the synodik, made the last entry “even” and sighed with relief: he had gotten even for all those killed in duels. His last child, daughter Praskovya, lived 64 years, and fate did not weigh heavily on her.

From the book Love of History (online version) part 1 author Akunin Boris

From thick to thin 01/3/2011 I would like to start the year with something soft and fluffy like a rabbit. For example, with a discussion about female beauty. Here are some of the most legendary beauties of European history. Let's look and admire. Diana de Poitiers, mistress of Henry's heart

From the book Love of History author Akunin Boris

FROM THICK TO THIN 01/3/2011 I would like to start the year with something rabbit-like soft and fluffy. For example, with a discussion about female beauty. Here are some of the most legendary beauties of European history. Let's look and admire. Diana de Poitiers, mistress of Henry's heart

From book Noble nests author Moleva Nina Mikhailovna

Family legend of Count Tolstoy It was in 1937. But when - in the fall or winter, I can’t remember... It’s more likely that we were traveling on wheels... my father was riding behind in a stroller and during breaks - it was a great joy - they took us to him. I remember that I had the opportunity to enter Moscow on

From the book Hipsters author Kozlov Vladimir

From the book Personalities in History author Team of authors

The Wizard Andersen Natalya Tolstykh All his life he was a restless, impractical dreamer, a passionate lover of surprises and changes, a generous and frank friend. He also knew how to see a pearl even in a gutter. BeginningFuture storyteller Hans Christian

From the book Wonderful China. Recent travels to the Celestial Empire: geography and history author Tavrovsky Yuri Vadimovich

A paradise for fat men with glasses The road from Lijiang to Dali goes through fields - first terraced on the mountain slopes, and then ordinary, flat ones. It is mainly women who harvest crops, stack straw, and scatter fertilizers on both of them. Mini tractors, mules and others

Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation

Tula State University

Department of History and Cultural Studies

ABSTRACT on the discipline

"Cultural heritage of the Tula region"

Family tree of Leo Tolstoy - the great writer of the land of Tula

Completed by: student gr. 220691ya

Akimov A.S.

Checked:

Shekov A.V.

1. Yasnaya Polyana – family estate of L.N. Tolstoy 3

2. Princes Volkonsky 7

3. Counts Thick 13

4. Parents of Leo Tolstoy 19

List of sources used 22

APPLICATION. Family tree of Leo Tolstoy 23

1. Yasnaya Polyana – family estate of L. N. Tolstoy

"Yasnaya Polyana! Who gave you your beautiful name? Who was the first to take a fancy to this wondrous corner and who was the first to lovingly sanctify it with their labor? And when was this? Yes, you are truly clear - radiant. Bordered from the east, north, and west by the dense forests of Kozlovaya Zaseka, you look at the sun all day long and revel in it.

Coat of arms of the Counts Tolstoy

from there it rises at the very edge of the clearing, in the summer a little to the left, in winter closer to the edge, and all day long, until the evening, it wanders over its favorite Glade, until it again reaches another corner of the clearing and sets. Even if there were days when the sun was not visible, even if there were fogs, thunderstorms and storms, but in my mind you will always remain clear, sunny and even fabulous.”

So I wrote about Yasnaya Polyana son of L.N. Tolstoy Ilya Lvovich Tolstoy.

Once upon a time, Yasnaya Polyana was one of the guard posts that protected Tula from the invasion of the Tatars. Yasnaya Polyana is located right next to the road, which since ancient times was the main and even the only one connecting the south and north of Rus'. This is the so-called Muravsky (Moravian) Way, which went from Perekop itself to Tula, without crossing any large river along its length. Slavic tribes, pressed by the Tatars, once moved along this road from south to north. Along this same road, steppe nomads carried out their raids: Pechenegs, Polovtsians and Tatars - they robbed and burned villages and fortified outposts-cities, and took the inhabitants captive. “I destroyed those places,” writes a 16th-century chronicler, “and killed many people, burned many villages and villages, nobles and boyar children with their wives and children, and many Orthodox peasants were completely caught and killed; but there is a lot of abundance, because even old people do not remember such a war from the filthy.”

Yasnaya Polyana is surrounded by centuries-old forests - Zaseka, or zaseka forests. These are Tolstoy's favorite hunting and walking places. The name "notch" goes back to XVI century. It was then that the Moscow governments of Vasily III (the Dark) and especially Ivan IV (the Terrible) created a defensive line of the so-called abatis line. Initially, natural impenetrable forests and swamps were used for defense against the Tatars - “great fortresses” bordering the steppe south. These forests stretched across the future Tambov, Tula, Ryazan and Kaluga provinces. They were called zasechnye because in them the Russians cut down centuries-old trees and fell them with their tops to the south, and the trunk was not cut off from the root, but only “notched” to make it more difficult for the nomads to clear the rubble.

These forests were protected by the sovereign’s people from felling and fires, as evidenced by special Tsar’s decrees: “And near the sovereign’s Ukrainian cities, forests and forest clearings, and all kinds of fortresses that were built from the arrival of military people, personally protect them from fire.” And the lands along the fences were populated by service people, who were responsible for guarding the borders of central Russia. The governor under Ivan the Terrible in Krapivna was Ivan Ivanovich Tolstoy. Since ancient times, these lands west of Yasnaya Polyana were defended by the Volkonskys.

Where the Yasnaya Polyana railway station is now located, in ancient times there was a Kozlova crossing. It was located between two glades - Malinova in the south and Yasnaya in the north. Sometimes forest debris was strengthened with palisades, earthen ramparts and ditches. Such ditches were located not far from Yasnaya Polyana, hence the name of one of them. neighboring villages- Moats. Traces of ancient ramparts and ditches can also be found near the village of Novoye Basove, right in the field. This place used to be called Zavitai.

Over time, the need for protection from the Tatars disappeared and the fences became government forests. Part of this protected forest around Yasnaya Polyana has still been preserved. True, this forest has thinned out greatly over the past hundred years, become cleaner and lost its pristine state. Now, unfortunately, he can no longer be called virgin, as Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy remembered him.

Beyond Voronka, to the north of Yasnaya Polyana, factories appeared for the production of cast iron and iron from iron ore, from which weapons were cast and household products were produced. The place where a large iron foundry eventually grew was called Kosaya Gora. Not far from here, in Sudakov, lived friends of Lev Nikolaevich's parents - the Arsenyevs, who bequeathed to young Tolstoy custody of their young son before their death. In 1856-1857, Lev Nikolaevich was a frequent guest of the “Sudakov ladies” - the older sisters of his ward - and even had the intention of marrying one of them - Valeria.

The village of Yasnaya Polyana looked different in Peter's times than during Tolstoy's lifetime. Lev Nikolaevich paints us the following picture of the village of Yasnoye at the beginning of the 18th century: In the south, two versts from the village of Yasnoye, in an open, high place stands a one-domed church with a graveyard, surrounded by a low stone wall; At the corners there are turrets topped with onion domes. From the place where the estate is now, the cemetery was visible among the flat fields of the Understeppe as a green island, above which a bell tower rose. Nikolo-Kochakivskaya Church was built no later than the middle of the 17th century in that architectural style, which was characteristic of church architecture at the end of the 16th - beginning of the 17th centuries on the territory of the Moscow state.

Behind the fence on the north-eastern side of the church is the Tolstoy family crypt, where Lev Nikolaevich’s parents and brother Dmitry are buried. In “The Romance of a Russian Landowner” we find a description of this crypt and a visit to it by the young Tolstoy.

“Having prayed over the ashes of his father and mother, buried together in the chapel, Mitya left it and thoughtfully headed towards the house; but, not yet passing the cemetery, he encountered the family of the Telyatin landowner.

“But we paid a visit to expensive graves,” Alexander Sergeevich told him with a friendly smile. - You probably also visited your people, Prince?

But the Prince, who was still under the influence of the sincere feeling experienced in the chapel, apparently had an unpleasant effect on his neighbor’s joke; He, without answering, looked at him dryly...”

On the eastern side, between the crypt and the fence, there is the grave of Tolstoy’s maternal grandfather Nikolai Sergeevich Volkonsky. Volkonsky's ashes and the monument were transported to the Kochakovskoye cemetery in 1928, when the cemetery of the Spaso-Andronevsky Monastery in Moscow was liquidated. The inscription is carved on the red marble monument:

“Infantry general and cavalier Prince Nikolai Sergeevich Volkonskoy was born on the 30th day of March 1763, died on the 3rd day of February 1821.”

Next to the monument to N. S. Volkonsky there is a monument to A. I. Osten-Saken, the sister of the writer’s father, guardian of the young Tolstoys from 1837 to 1841, transported from Optina Pustyn. The poetic epitaph carved into dark marble was most likely written by thirteen-year-old Leo Tolstoy:

Asleep for earthly life,

You have crossed an unknown path,

In the abodes of heavenly life

Your peace is sweet.

Hoping for a sweet date -

And live with faith beyond the grave,

Nephews this sign of remembrance -

They erected it to honor the ashes of the deceased.

WITH

On the northern side of the crypt there are the graves of two sons who died in early childhood, and the grave of one of the people closest to Tolstoy - Tatyana Aleksandrovna Ergolskaya, his teacher and friend throughout for long years their lives in Yasnaya Polyana.

A researcher of the Kochakov necropolis, Nikolai Pavlovich Puzin, writes the following about the death of sons Peter and Nikolai and aunt Tatyana Alexandrovna: “These losses of people close to Tolstoy fall during the period of writing and printing “Anna Karenina,” when grief visited his family more than once.” “We have grief,” Tolstoy wrote to A.A. Fet. - Petya the youngest fell ill with croup and died in two days. This is the first death in eleven years in our family, and it is very difficult for my wife. You can take comfort in the fact that if you choose one of the eight of us, this death will be easier for everyone and for everyone.” The death of her son Peter is reflected in Anna Karenina, where Dolly Oblonskaya recalls the death of her child.

In the same fence with the graves of her sons, her beloved aunt Tatyana Alexandrovna was buried. It was a heavy loss for Lev Nikolaevich: “I lived with her all my life. And I feel terrible without her,” he writes in one of his letters. And next to it is the tombstone of Pelageya Ilyinichna Yushkova, the second sister of Nikolai Ilyich Tolstoy.

Almost all members of Leo Tolstoy’s family rest in the family cemetery in Kochaki: Sofya Andreevna Tolstaya, her sister Tatyana Andreevna Kuzminskaya, daughter Maria Lvovna, married Obolenskaya, sons Alexey, Vanechka, as well as grandchildren Anna, Ilya and Vladimir Ilyich Thick.

The history of each family, clan, native village or city is always interesting in itself: through it we learn the immediate and more distant history of our people, our country.

When we turn to studying the history of the ancestors of great writers, for example Pushkin or Leo Tolstoy, we not only satisfy our interest in what role their ancestors played in the history of the Russian state, but we better begin to understand much of what they wrote, the heroes of the works become closer to us and author's identity. Counts of Rostov in “War and Peace” - especially Ilya Andreevich and Nikolai, princes Bolkonsky - old prince, Princess Marya, Prince Andrei could not have been the way we know and love them if Tolstoy had not embodied in them many character traits and even some episodes from the life of his ancestors: Count Tolstoy and Prince Volkonsky.

If Tolstoy had not known Tolstoy the American, Dolokhov’s appearance would have been different; If it weren’t for Sonya and Tanya Bers, whom Lev Nikolaevich knew from their very childhood, we would not have met the charming Natasha Rostova.

And how many unfulfilled plans, how many unfinished works, with excerpts and sometimes entire chapters from which we can get acquainted in the 90-volume Collected Works of Leo Tolstoy, were based on facts from the life of the princes Gorchakovs or Peter and Ivan Tolstoy - contemporaries and Companions of Peter the Great!

Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy devoted many years to the study of Russian history, he was especially deeply interested in the period, starting from Peter I and ending with the December uprising of 1825. He reads the books in his library by Solovyov, Ustryalov, Golikov, Gordon, Pekarsky, Pososhkov, Bantysh-Kamensky. He asks friends and acquaintances to send him everything they have about the era of Peter I, about urban and rural life of that time, diaries and travel notes of Peter’s contemporaries, descriptions of battles and geographical information.

Leo Tolstoy's interest in the history of Yasnaya Polyana and his family is, in a way, undeniable. This is an interest that helps to understand the history of the people, the history of the Russian state through the history of individuals, their relationships and characters, through the attitude of landowners to serfs and forced peasants to masters.

He carefully examines the genealogy of his ancestors - the Tolstoys, princes Volkonsky, and Gorchakov, and Trubetskoy - according to the so-called velvet book, the genealogy book of P. Dolgorukov and other sources, because he intends to introduce some of his ancestors into the future novel. This does not mean that he wanted to glorify his ancestors in his historical novel. This is what Lev Nikolaevich writes on April 4, 1870: “I’m reading Solovyov’s story. Everything about this history was ugly in pre-Petrine Russia: cruelty, robbery, injustice, rudeness, stupidity, inability to do anything. The government began to correct it. And the government is just as ugly to this day. You read this story and involuntarily come to the conclusion that a number of outrages have occurred in the history of Russia. But how did a series of outrages produce a great and united state?! This alone proves that it was not the government that produced history.”

And in a letter to A.A. Tolstoy in 1873, Lev Nikolaevich asks: does Alexandra Andreevna or her brother know “something about our Tolstoy ancestors that I don’t know. I remember Count Ilya Andreevich was collecting information. If there is anything written, will he send it to me? The darkest episode for me in the life of our ancestors was the exile in Solovetsky, where Peter and Ivan died. Who is Ivan's wife? (Praskovya Ivanovna, born Troekurova)? When and where did they return? - If God willing, I want to go to Solovki this summer. I hope to learn something there. It is touching and important that Ivan did not want to return when this right was returned to him. You say: Peter's time is not interesting, it is cruel. Whatever it is, it is the beginning of everything. Unraveling the skein, I involuntarily reached Peter’s time - and therein lies the end.”

Tolstoy is an artist, and therefore he creates his own history, history-art. “No matter what you look at,” he writes to N. N. Strakhov on December 17, 1872, “it’s all a task, a riddle, the solution of which is only possible through poetry.”

Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy's parents, Count Nikolai Ilyich Tolstoy and Princess Maria Nikolaevna Volkonskaya, got married in 1822. They had four sons and a daughter: Nikolai, Sergei, Dmitry, Lev and Maria. The writer's relatives became the prototypes for many of the heroes of the novel "War and Peace": father - Nikolai Rostov, mother - Princess Marya Bolkonskaya, paternal grandfather Ilya Andreevich Tolstoy - the old Count Rostov, maternal grandfather Nikolai Sergeevich Volkonsky - the old Prince Bolkonsky. L.N. Tolstoy had no cousins, since his parents were the only children in their families.

According to his father, L. N. Tolstoy was related to the artist F. P. Tolstoy, F. I. Tolstoy (“American”), the poets A. K. Tolstoy, F. I. Tyutchev and N. A. Nekrasov, the philosopher P. . Y. Chaadaev, Chancellor of the Russian Empire A. M. Gorchakov.

The Tolstoy family was elevated by Peter Andreevich Tolstoy (1645-1729), an associate of Peter I, who received the title of count. From his grandson, Andrei Ivanovich Tolstoy (1721-1803), nicknamed the “Big Nest” for his numerous offspring, many famous Tolstoys descended. A.I. Tolstoy was the grandfather of F.I. Tolstoy and F.P. Tolstoy, the great-grandfather of L.N. Tolstoy and A.K. Tolstoy. L.N. Tolstoy and the poet Alexei Konstantinovich Tolstoy were each other’s second cousins. The artist Fyodor Petrovich Tolstoy and Fyodor Ivanovich Tolstoy the American were cousins of Lev Nikolaevich. Native sister F. I. Tolstoy-American Maria Ivanovna Tolstaya-Lopukhina (i.e., cousin aunt of L. N. Tolstoy) is known from the “Portrait of M. I. Lopukhina” by the artist V. L. Borovikovsky. The poet Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev was the sixth cousin of Lev Nikolaevich (Tyutchev’s mother, Ekaterina Lvovna, was from the Tolstoy family). The sister of Andrei Ivanovich Tolstoy (great-grandfather of L.N. Tolstoy) - Maria - married P.V. Chaadaev. Her grandson, the philosopher Pyotr Yakovlevich Chaadaev, therefore, was Lev Nikolaevich’s second cousin.

There is information that the great-great-grandfather (father of the great-grandfather) of the poet Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov was Ivan Petrovich Tolstoy (1685-1728), who was also the great-great-grandfather of Lev Nikolaevich. If this is really so, then it turns out that N.A. Nekrasov and L.N. Tolstoy are fourth cousins. L. N. Tolstoy's second cousin was the Chancellor of the Russian Empire, Alexander Mikhailovich Gorchakov. The writer's paternal grandmother, Pelageya Nikolaevna, was from the Gorchakov family.

L.N. Tolstoy’s great-grandfather, A.I. Tolstoy, had a younger brother Fedor, whose descendant was the writer Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy, who depicted his ancestor Pyotr Andreevich Tolstoy in the novel “Peter I”. A. N. Tolstoy’s grandfather, Alexander Petrovich Tolstoy, was Lev Nikolaevich’s fourth cousin. Consequently, A. N. Tolstoy, nicknamed the “red count,” was the fourth great-nephew of Lev Nikolaevich. The granddaughter of A. N. Tolstoy is the writer Tatyana Nikitichna Tolstaya.

On his mother's side, L.N. Tolstoy was related to A.S. Pushkin, the Decembrists, S.P. Trubetskoy, A.I. Odoevsky.

A. S. Pushkin was the fourth cousin of L. N. Tolstoy. Lev Nikolaevich’s mother was the poet’s second cousin. Their common ancestor was admiral, associate of Peter I, Ivan Mikhailovich Golovin. In 1868, L. N. Tolstoy met his fifth cousin Maria Alexandrovna Pushkina-Hartung, some of whose features he later gave to Anna Karenina’s appearance. The Decembrist, Prince Sergei Grigorievich Volkonsky was the writer’s second cousin. Lev Nikolaevich's great-grandfather, Prince Dmitry Yuryevich Trubetskoy, married Princess Varvara Ivanovna Odoevskaya. Their daughter, Ekaterina Dmitrievna Trubetskaya, married Nikolai Sergeevich Volkonsky. D. Yu. Trubetskoy’s brother, Field Marshal Nikita Yuryevich Trubetskoy, was the great-grandfather of the Decembrist Sergei Petrovich Trubetskoy, who, therefore, was Lev Nikolaevich’s second cousin. Brother V.I. Odoevskoy-Trubetskoy, Alexander Ivanovich Odoevsky, was the grandfather of the Decembrist poet Alexander Ivanovich Odoevsky, who, it turns out, was L.N. Tolstoy’s second cousin.

In 1862, L. N. Tolstoy married Sofya Andreevna Bers. They had 9 sons and 4 daughters (of 13 children, 5 died in childhood): Sergei, Tatyana, Ilya, Lev, Maria, Peter, Nikolai, Varvara, Andrey, Mikhail, Alexey, Alexandra, Ivan. The granddaughter of L. N. Tolstoy, Sofya Andreevna Tolstaya, became last wife poet Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin. The great-great-grandchildren of Lev Nikolaevich (the great-grandchildren of his son, Ilya Lvovich) are TV presenters Pyotr Tolstoy and Fekla Tolstaya.

L.N. Tolstoy's wife, Sofya Andreevna, was the daughter of the doctor Andrei Evstafievich Bers, who in his youth served with Varvara Petrovna Turgeneva, the mother of the writer Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev. A.E. Bers and V.P. Turgeneva had an affair, as a result of which the illegitimate daughter Varvara. Thus, S. A. Bers-Tolstaya and I. S. Turgenev had a common sister.

Tolstoy Lev Nikolaevich (1828 - 1910) - count, popular writer, who achieved incredible popularity in the history of world literature. Belongs to the richest and most famous family, which has occupied a prominent position since the time of Peter the Great. There are a lot of descendants of Leo Tolstoy. At the moment there are more than three hundred people.

short biography

This one was born great person September 9, 1828. His parents died early, so his relative T. A. Ergolskaya took care of him. At the age of 16 he was able to enter university in Kazan. But he soon became bored with the lectures. In addition, Young Leo Tolstoy did not have outstanding learning abilities, as a result of which he failed the exam. He wrote a letter of resignation and left this place.

His older brother Nikolai had a great influence on him, with whom Lev went to the Caucasus, where he fought with the mountaineers of Shamil. He decided to devote himself military career. In Tiflis he passed the exam and became a cadet in the 4th battery, stationed in Cossack village on the Terek River.

When did it start Crimean War, he went to Sevastopol, where he fought gloriously. For this, Lev Nikolaevich received the Order of St. Anne and two medals. At the same time, he wrote stories about Sevastopol. After the end of hostilities, he moved to St. Petersburg. There he immediately attracted attention famous people and entered their circle. His writing skills were highly valued.

In 1856, Tolstoy finally left military service.

Writer's marriage

Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy began to like Sofya Andreevna Bers (1844-1919), who was the daughter of a doctor from Moscow. Sofya Andreevna was only 17 years old at that time. He married in 1862. Her chosen one was 18 years old. Immediately after his marriage, Lev Nikolaevich moved with his wife to Yasnaya Polyana. The writer devoted himself entirely to his family and thought that he had finally given up writing, but in 1863 he began to think about a new work. A few years later he finished work on the novel Anna Karenina. Without waiting much time, Tolstoy wrote several more works.

In 1910, the writer decided to move away from his family, anticipating his imminent death. He died seven days after leaving.

Everyone is familiar with creativity greatest writer, however, not everyone knows about his descendants. Did Leo Tolstoy’s children, like their father, connect their destiny with literature? Perhaps they have found another calling for themselves?

If you examine Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy, it will turn out to be large and rich in branches.

Home life

Over almost 50 years of marriage, Lev Nikolaevich and his wife produced 13 children: four daughters and nine sons. Unfortunately, five of the babies died in infancy. The rest of Leo Tolstoy's children lived long life. Their wonderful father believed that in life every person should have only the most necessary things. Therefore, he gave the poor a lot of household goods, including furniture, clothes, even a piano. This, of course, did not please his wife very much, which is why friendly family disagreements began. The children of Lev Nikolaevich were brought up in strictness and without any excesses that were due to them, according to high family. They played with peasant children, ate and dressed without frills. The grown-up children of Lev Nikolaevich behaved differently. Some took everything they could from life. Others continued to lead an ascetic lifestyle, following their father's rules.

Sons of Leo Tolstoy

As mentioned above, the writer had 9 of them:

Sergei Lvovich (July 10, 1863 - December 23, 1947). Firstborn. Musician and composer of Russia. He was smart, dexterous and sensitive to art. But he was also quite absent-minded. Sergei Lvovich himself wrote several musical works. He studied not only Russian folklore, but also the music of India. Initially, he studied at the physics and mathematics department of Moscow University, but music attracted him from an early age. He represented Russia in The Sufi Order in the UK. He also wrote a number of articles about the music that Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy loved during his lifetime, namely “Music in the life of L.N. Tolstoy”, “ Musical works, loved by L.N. Tolstoy”, “Leo Tolstoy and Tchaikovsky”.
Tolstoy Ilya Lvovich (05/22/1866 - 12/11/1933), was a writer, memoirist, journalist and teacher. Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy found Ilya the most gifted in literature of all his children. Despite this, Ilya Tolstoy did not graduate from high school, but went to serve in the army. Studying was not as easy for him as for other children. He emigrated to America in 1016, where he made his living by lecturing. In this distant country he died.
Lev Lvovich (1869-1945). Author, writer, playwright, sculptor. His first published work children's story"Monte Cristo" in 1891 in the magazine "Spring". Afterwards he began to publish in Severny Vestnik, Vestnik Evropy, Novoye Vremya and other publications. A little later, the book publishing process began. He lived in France, then moved to his wife’s homeland in Switzerland. Contemporaries believed that he made a bad writer, painter and sculptor. Lev Lvovich was very jealous of his father's fame, for which he often spoke of his hatred of his parent.
Pyotr Lvovich (1872-1873).
Nikolai Lvovich (1874-1875).
Tolstoy Andrei Lvovich (1877-1916) Andrei Lvovich took part in the war between the Russians and the Japanese, and was wounded. Afterwards he was awarded the St. George Cross for his courage. In 1907, Andrei Lvovich got a job as a civil servant in the department special assignments. He was very attached to his mother, who adored him. His father directed him on the path of helping the people, but he had different views. Andrei believed that he should take full advantage of the privileges of his pedigree. Most of all in his life he was attracted to women, wine and card games. He was officially married several times.
Tolstoy Alexey Lvovich (1881-1886).
Mikhail Lvovich (1879-1944) had talent in the musical field. From a very early age, he really liked music; he could skillfully play the balalaika, harmonica, and piano, wrote romances, and learned to play the violin. Contrary to the fact that he wanted to be a composer, Mikhail Lvovich followed in his parents’ footsteps and chose a career as a military man. He also emigrated, lived in France, then in Morocco, where he died.
Lvovich (1888-1895) younger son Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy, thirteenth child in the family. He had a very similar appearance to his father. Tolstoy himself pinned his hopes on this child, thinking that he would continue his work in the future. The boy was incredibly talented, warm-hearted and sensitive to the people around him, surprising everyone with his seriousness and kindness. But a misfortune happened - Ivan died of scarlet fever. Lev Nikolaevich loved him with all his heart. For him it was a great and difficult loss.

Of the writer’s nine sons, seven lived long lives and left behind a large offspring, which we will talk about below.

Daughters of Lev Nikolaevich

Fate gave the Tolstoy family only four girls. One of them (Varenka) died in infancy. Everyone's favorite Mashenka (Maria Lvovna) also died young and left no children behind. Let's talk about the writer's daughters in more detail:

1. Tatyana Lvovna (Sukhotina) Tolstaya. (04.10.1864 - 21.09.1950).

She was a writer and creator of memoirs. In 1899 she married Mikhail Sergeevich Sukhotinin. From 1917 to 1923 she managed the estate museum in Yasnaya Polyana. She was capable of many things, but writing was what she did best. She inherited this from her father.

2. Maria Lvovna (1871-1906). From her youth she helped her father keep track of correspondence, translated texts, and served as a secretary. She was a good man. But she couldn’t boast of good health. Maria constantly quarreled with her mother, but was unusually friendly with her father, completely shared his views, and led an ascetic lifestyle. She was smart. Despite her very poor health, she traveled unaccompanied even to distant provinces to heal the sick, and taught children in the school she opened. Maria married Prince Obolensky, but was unable to give birth to children. In 1906, she suddenly fell ill. Despite all the efforts of the doctors, Maria died. Her father and husband were by her side until the last moment her life.

3. Varvara Lvovna (1875-1875).

4. Tolstaya Alexandra Lvovna (1884-1979). Creator of memoirs about her father. She was well trained at home. Her teachers were educators and adult sisters, who taught her more than her mother Sofya Andreevna. Just like her mother, her father is in her early childhood paid little attention to her. After Tolstaya Alexandra Lvovna celebrated her 16th birthday, she became closer to her father. From that time on, she dedicated her life to Lev Nikolaevich. She did the work of a secretary, wrote down his diary under Lev Nikolaevich’s dictation, and learned shorthand and typewriting. They talked about her as a difficult child. She had to be worked on longer and more persistently than with her brothers and sisters. But she grew up smart and dexterous. She in adolescence began to work on her father’s works, he gave her the copyright to his literature. She rejected the authorities who imposed their conservatism. As a result, she was imprisoned for 3 years. After 1929 she managed to open educational institution and a hospital. In 1941, Tolstoy’s daughter moved to the United States, where she helped other emigrants settle. She lived for quite a long time - 95 years. She died in 1979.

As we see, not all of Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy’s children were able to live long. But this was not uncommon for the time when children could die from a common cold. Many sons and daughters of the writer, who became adults, had their own children - the grandchildren of Tolstoy Lev Nikolaevich.

Grandchildren and great-grandchildren

Leo Tolstoy had 31 grandchildren and several dozen great-grandchildren. Below in the article we will talk about them.

1. Sergei Sergeevich Tolstoy (08/24/1897, Great Britain - 09/18/1974, Moscow).

Teacher, specialist English language. Son of Sergei Lvovich Tolstoy. There are no children, although he was married three times. He is known for writing memoirs about his grandfather Lev Nikolaevich, although he was brought up in the family of another grandfather - K.A. Rachinsky.

2. Sukhotina Tatyana Mikhailovna (06.11.1905 - 12.08.1996) Daughter of Tolstoy Tatyana Lvovna.

Albertini Luigi. Born 09.09.1931 in Rome. Photographer, farmer.
Albertini Anna. Born 1934, died 1936.
Albertini Martha. Born on May 11, 1937 in Rome.
Albertini Christina. Born on May 11, 1937 in Rome.

3. Tolstaya Anna Ilyinichna (12/24/1888 - 04/03/1954). Daughter of Ilya Lvovich.

Holmberg Sergey Nikolaevich. Born on November 7, 1909 in Kaluga, died on June 3, 1985.
Kholmberg Vladimir Nikolaevich. Born on April 15, 1915 in Kaluga, died in 1932.

4. Tolstoy Nikolai Ilyich (12/12/1891 - 12/02/1893). Son of Ilya Lvovich. Have no children.

5. Mikhail Ilyich Tolstoy (10/10/1893 - 03/28/1919) Son of Ilya Lvovich. Have no children.

6. Tolstoy Andrei Ilyich (04/01/1895 - 04/03/1920). Son of Ilya Lvovich. Have no children. He was an officer when the imperialist war was going on.

7. Tolstoy Ilya Ilyich (12/16/1897 - 04/07/1970). Son of Ilya Lvovich. He was a candidate of pedagogical sciences and also an associate professor at the Moscow Institute. He was an expert in the field of Slavic lexicography. Creator of the Serbo-Croatian-Russian dictionary.

Tolstoy Nikita Ilyich. Born (04/05/1923 - 06/27/1996).

8. Tolstoy Vladimir Ilyich (05/01/1899 - 11/24/1967). Son of Ilya Lvovich. Worked as an agronomist. He gave lectures about the writer Tolstoy, and actively took part in the creation of L.N. Tolstoy museums in Moscow and Yasnaya Polyana.

Tolstoy Oleg Vladimirovich. Born 07/03/1927 in Tetovo, Yugoslavia, died 09/01/1992 in Moscow.
Tolstoy Ilya Vladimirovich. Born on June 29, 1930 in Novy Bečej, Yugoslavia, died on May 16, 1997 in Moscow.

9. Tolstaya Vera Ilyinichna (06/19/1903 - 04/29/1999). Daughter of Ilya Tolstoy.

Tolstoy Sergei Vladimirovich. Born 10/20/1922

10. Tolstoy Kirill Ilyich (01/18/1907 - 02/01/1915). Son of Ilya Lvovich.

Have no children.

11. Tolstoy Lev Lvovich (06/08/1898 - 12/24/1900). Son of Lev Lvovich.

12. Tolstoy Pavel Lvovich (08/02/1900 - 04/08/1992). Son of Lev Lvovich. An agronomist by profession. Lived in Sweden.

Tolstaya Anna Pavlovna. Born 05/05/1937 Lives in Sweden.
Tolstaya Ekaterina Pavlovna. Born 08/03/1940. Teacher by profession.
Tolstoy Ivan (Yukhan) Pavlovich. Born January 25, 1945. Tax inspector by profession.
Eberg Maria (May). Born 02/15/1932, illegitimate daughter.

13. Tolstoy Nikita Lvovich (08/04/1903 - 09/25/1992). Son of Lev Lvovich.

Fat Maria (Marya). Born 05/08/1938. Psychiatrist by profession.
Tolstoy Stefan (Stepan). Born November 18, 1940. Lawyer by profession.

14. Petr Lvovich. (09/08/1905 - 06/04/1970). Son of Lev Lvovich.

He was engaged in animal husbandry. He lived and died on his estate - Sofialund (Sweden).

Tolstoy Lev. Born January 31, 1934. Lawyer by profession.
Tolstoy Peter. Born on August 10, 1935. Agronomist by profession.
Tolstoy Andrey. Born July 28, 1938. Agronomist by profession.
Fat Elizabeth (Elisabeth). Born on October 28, 1941. Lives in Germany.

15. Tolstaya Nina Lvovna (06.11.1906 - 09.01.1987). Daughter of Lev Lvovich.

Lundberg Christian. Born December 25, 1931. Jeweler by profession.
Lundberg Wilhelm. Born 08/17/1933
Lundberg Staffan. Born 02/19/1936
Lundberg Stellan. Born 12/30/1939
Lundberg Gerdt. Born June 20, 1948

16. Tolstaya Sofya Lvovna (09/18/1908 - 11/05/2006). Daughter of Lev Lvovich. Artist. Lived in Sweden.

Seder Signe.
Seder Anna Charlotte.

17. Tolstoy Fedor (Theodor) Lvovich (07/02/1912 - 10/25/1956). Son of Lev Lvovich.

Tolstoy Mikhail. Born June 28, 1944
Tolstoy Nikolai. Born 01.10.1946

18. Tolstaya Tatyana Lvovna (09/20/1914 - 01/29/2007). Daughter of Lev Lvovich. Artist.

Paus Christopher. Born June 2, 1941. Agronomist by profession. Lives in Sweden.
Paus Greger. Born 02/14/1943. Civil engineer by profession.
Paus Tatyana. Born 12/16/1945
Paus Peder. Born 02/09/1950

19. Tolstaya Daria Lvovna (02.11.1915 - 29.11.1970). Daughter of Lev Lvovich.

Streiffert Eran. Born 12/01/1946
Streiffert Helena. Born 01/18/1948
Streiffert Suzanne. Born 04/15/1949
Streiffert Dorothea. Born 12/14/1955

20. Fat Sofya Andreeva (04/12/1900 - 07/29/1957). Daughter of Andrei Lvovich Tolstoy. Have no children.

21. Tolstoy Ilya Andreevich (02/03/1903 - 10/28/1970). Son of Andrei Lvovich.

A geographer by profession, he created the world's first dolphinarium.

Tolstoy Alexander Ilyich. (07/19/1921 - 04/12/1997). Geologist by profession.
Fat Sofya Ilyinichna. (07/29/1922 - 04/18/1990)

22. Tolstaya Maria Andreevna (02/17/1908 - 05/03/1993). Daughter of Andrei Lvovich.

Vaulina Tatyana Aleksandrovna. (09/26/1929 - 02/19/2003)

23. Tolstoy Ivan Mikhailovich (12/10/1901-03/26/1982). Son of Mikhail Lvovich. Church regent.

Tolstoy Ilya Ivanovich. Born September 20, 1926

24. Tolstaya Tatyana Mikhailovna (02/22/1903 - 12/19/1990). Daughter of Mikhail Lvovich.

Lvov Mikhail Alexandrovich. Born on December 21, 1923 in Paris.

25. Tolstaya Lyubov Mikhailovna. Born and died in September 1904. Daughter of Mikhail Lvovich.

26. Tolstoy Vladimir Mikhailovich (12/11/1905 - 02/06/1988). Son of Mikhail Lvovich. An architect by profession.

Penkrat Tatyana Vladimirovna. Born 10/14/1942 in Belgrade, Yugoslavia.
Tolstaya-Sarandinaki Maria Vladimirovna. Born on August 22, 1951 in the USA.

27. Tolstaya Alexandra Mikhailovna (12/11/1905 - 01/11/1986). Daughter of Mikhail Lvovich.

Alekseeva-Stanislavskaya Olga Igorevna. Born 03/04/1933 in Paris.

28. Tolstoy Pyotr Mikhailovich (10/15/1907 - 02/03/1994). Son of Mikhail Lvovich.

Tolstoy Sergei Petrovich. Born 11/30/1956 in Nyack, New York, USA.

29. Tolstoy Mikhail Mikhailovich (09/02/1910 - 1915). Son of Mikhail Lvovich.

30. Tolstoy Sergei Mikhailovich (09/14/1911 - 01/12/1996). Son of Mikhail Lvovich. A doctor by profession. He was president of the Society of Friends of Leo Tolstoy in France.

Tolstoy Alexander Sergeevich. Born May 19, 1938 in Paris
Tolstoy Mikhail Sergeevich. (05/19/1938 - 01/01/2007)
Tolstaya Maria Sergeevna. Born 08/08/1939
Tolstoy Sergei Sergeevich. (01/29/1958 - 07/03/1979)
Sergeevich. Born on January 29, 1959 in Paris. Photographer by profession.

31. Tolstaya Sofya Mikhailovna (01/26/1915 - 10/15/1975). Daughter of Mikhail Lvovich.

Lopukhin Sergey Rafailovich. Born 01/03/1942 in Paris.
Lopukhin Nikita Rafailovich. Born on May 13, 1944 in Paris.
Lopukhin Andrey Rafailovich. Born 06/03/1947 in Lekunbery (France).

There is practically no information about many of the writer’s grandchildren and great-grandchildren. This is quite understandable, because they live on different continents and do not perform any great deeds that could glorify them.

Sofya Andreevna

Let's say a few words separately about Leo Tolstoy's granddaughter Sonyushka (as she was affectionately called). She was the full namesake of the writer's wife and her grandmother, who doted on the girl and even became her godmother. When the girl was 4 years old, she and her mother moved to England. From that time on, she no longer met her grandparents, but often wrote them letters and sent them sweet postcards. Her mother was involved in her upbringing, since her father (Andrei Tolstoy) left the family. In 1908, the Family returned to Russia. Sonya's mother bought an apartment in Moscow, where the descendants of Leo Tolstoy still live.

Sophia grew up smart, got a good education, knew several languages. She left her mark on history by becoming a wife and herself great love Sergei Yesenin. He dedicated his immortal works. Sofya Andreevna wore a copper ring on her finger all her life, given to her by Yesenin. Now it is an exhibit in Yasnaya Polyana.

S. A. Tolstaya-Yesenina since 1928. She worked a lot in the museum of Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy. In 1941-1957 - was the director of the museum. She did a great job of restoring Yasnaya Polyana after the Nazi occupation.

Young descendants of the 2000s

also in family tree Leo Tolstoy's young descendants were born in the early 2000s and are his great-great-great-great-grandchildren:

1. According to Ilya Lvovich Tolstoy.

Karkishko Nikolai Grigorievich. Born on June 10, 2004.

Lysyakov Oleg Ivanovich. Born on January 25, 2010.

2. Along the line of Lev Lvovich Tolstoy.

Leo Lundberg. Born 12/31/2010

3. Along the line of Mikhail Lvovich Tolstoy.

Mazhaev Dmitry Alekseevich. Born November 28, 2001.

Mazhaev Sergey Alekseevich. Born on May 21, 2007.

Diara Aminata. Born July 17, 2003, lives in France.

Leo Christopher Lvov. Born on September 28, 2010.

The fate of Tolstoy's descendants

As we see, most of Leo Tolstoy’s descendants inherited his longevity, but only a few followed his creative path. The fate of all of them scattered to different parts of our Earth.

Total number of descendants of the writer

Currently, there are more than 350 descendants of Tolstoy Lev Nikolaevich. Once every two years they meet on their land glorious ancestor in Yasnaya Polyana. One cannot but rejoice that more than 100 years after the death of the writer, his descendants have a connection with each other. It is safe to say that the name of Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy and his work do not leave his descendants indifferent. Who knows, maybe one of them will surprise the world with their writing talent.