What is art? Not an easy question! To reveal the meaning of this concept, it is necessary to describe the various forms that art has taken. Presentation on the topic "types of art" Temporary art presentation

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Types of art and their classification

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Art is a creative reflection, the reproduction of reality in artistic images.
Art exists and develops as a system of interconnected species, the diversity of which is determined by the versatility of the real world itself, reflected in the process of artistic creativity.
Types of art are historically established forms of creative activity that have the ability to artistically realize the content of life and differ in the methods of its material embodiment (words in literature, sound in music, plastic and coloristic materials in the visual arts, etc.).

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spatial or plastic arts
temporary or dynamic
spatio-temporal views or synthetic, spectacular
The existence of various types of art is due to the fact that none of them, by their own means, can give an artistic, comprehensive picture of the world. Such a picture can only be created by the entire artistic culture of humanity as a whole, consisting of individual types of art.
fine arts architecture photography
music literature
choreography theater cinema
KINDS OF ART

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ARCHITECTURE
Architecture (Greek "architecton" - "master, builder") is a monumental art form, the purpose of which is to create structures and buildings necessary for the life and activities of mankind, meeting the utilitarian and spiritual needs of people.
The shapes of architectural structures depend on geographical and climatic conditions, the nature of the landscape, the intensity of sunlight, seismic safety, etc.

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ARCHITECTURE
Architecture is more closely connected with the development of productive forces and the development of technology than other arts. Architecture can be combined with monumental painting, sculpture, decorative and other forms of art. The basis of architectural composition is the volumetric-spatial structure, the organic relationship of the elements of a building or ensemble of buildings. The scale of the structure largely determines the nature of the artistic image, its monumentality or intimacy.
Architecture does not directly reproduce reality; it is not pictorial, but expressive in nature.

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ART
graphic arts
sculpture
painting
Fine art is a group of types of artistic creativity that reproduce visually perceived reality. Works of art have an objective form that does not change in time and space.

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GRAPHIC ARTS
Graphics (translated from Greek - “I write, I draw”) are, first of all, drawings and artistic printed works (engraving, lithography). It is based on the possibility of creating an expressive artistic form by using lines, strokes and spots of different colors applied to the surface of the sheet.
Graphics preceded painting. At first, man learned to capture the outlines and plastic forms of objects, then to distinguish and reproduce their colors and shades. Mastering color was a historical process: not all colors were mastered at once.

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GRAPHIC ARTS
The specificity of graphics is linear relationships. By reproducing the shapes of objects, it conveys their illumination, the ratio of light and shadow, etc. Painting captures the real relationships of the colors of the world; in color and through color it expresses the essence of objects, their aesthetic value, verifies their social purpose, their correspondence or contradiction with the environment .
In the process of historical development, color began to penetrate into drawing and printed graphics, and now graphics include drawing with colored chalk - pastel, and color engraving, and painting with watercolors - watercolor and gouache. In various literature on art history, there are different points of view regarding graphics. In some sources: graphics is a type of painting, while in others it is a separate subtype of fine art.

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PAINTING
Painting is a flat fine art, the specificity of which is to represent, using paints applied to the surface, an image of the real world, transformed by the creative imagination of the artist.
monumental fresco (from Italian Fresco) - painting on wet plaster with paints diluted in water mosaic (from French mosaiqe) an image made of colored stones, smalt (Smalt is colored transparent glass.), ceramic tiles.
easel (from the word "machine") - a canvas that is created on an easel.

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Genres of painting. Portrait.
The main task is to convey an idea of ​​a person’s external appearance, to reveal a person’s inner world, to emphasize his individuality, psychological and emotional image.
Peter Paul Rubens. "Portrait of the Infanta Isabella's Chambermaid", c. 1625, Hermitage
Vasily Andreevich Tropinin Portrait of Pushkin

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Genres of painting. Scenery.
Landscape - reproduces the surrounding world in all the diversity of its forms. The image of a seascape is defined by the term marineism.
Claude Monet. "Irises in Monet's Garden." 1900
Isaac Levitan. "Spring. Big water." 1897

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Genres of painting. Still life.
Still life - depiction of household items, tools, flowers, fruits. Helps to understand the worldview and way of life of a certain era.
Willem Kalf. Still life with porcelain vase, silver-gilt jug and glasses, c. 1643-1644.
Henri Fantin-Latour. Still life with flowers and fruit.

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Genres of painting. Historical.
The historical genre is a genre of painting that originates in the Renaissance and includes works not only based on real events, but also mythological, biblical and evangelical paintings.
The last day of Pompeii, 1830-1833, Bryullov

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Genres of painting. Domestic.
Everyday genre - reflects the daily life of people, the character, customs, traditions of a particular ethnic group.
Mural painting with everyday scenes, funerary storeroom of Nakta, Ancient Egypt
Workshop of calligraphers and miniature masters, 1590-1595.

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Genres of painting. Iconography.
Iconography (translated from Greek as “prayer image”) is the main goal of guiding a person on the path of transformation.
“Holy Trinity” by Andrei Rublev (1410)
Christ Pantocrator, one of the oldest icons of Christ, 6th century, Sinai Monastery

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Genres of painting. Animalism.
Animalism is the image of an animal as the main character of a work of art.
Albrecht Durer. "Hare", 1502
Franz Marc, "Blue Horse", 1911

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SCULPTURE
Sculpture is a spatially visual art that explores the world in plastic images. The main materials used in sculpture are stone, bronze, marble, and wood. At the present stage of development of society and technological progress, the number of materials used to create sculpture has expanded: steel, plastic, concrete and others.

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SCULPTURE
monumental
monuments monuments memorials
easel
designed for close-up inspection and intended for interior decoration.
decorative
used for household decoration (small plastic items)

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DECORATIVE AND APPLIED ARTS
Decorative and applied art is a type of creative activity for creating household items intended to satisfy the utilitarian and artistic and aesthetic needs of people.
Decorative and applied arts include products made from a variety of materials and using various technologies. The material for a DPI item can be metal, wood, clay, stone, bone. The technical and artistic methods of making products are very diverse: carving, embroidery, painting, embossing, etc. The main characteristic feature of a DPI item is decorativeness, which consists in imagery and the desire to decorate, make it better, more beautiful.

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DECORATIVE AND APPLIED ARTS

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DECORATIVE AND APPLIED ARTS
Decorative and applied arts have a national character. Since it comes from the customs, habits, and beliefs of a certain ethnic group, it is close to their way of life. An important component of decorative and applied arts are folk arts and crafts - a form of organizing artistic work based on collective creativity, developing local cultural traditions and focused on the sale of craft products.

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Wood carving
Bogorodskaya
Abramtsevo-Kudrinskaya

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Wood painting
Polkhov-Maidanskaya Mezenskaya

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Wood painting
Khokhloma Gorodetskaya

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Decorating birch bark products
birch bark embossing painting

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Artistic stone processing
hard stone processing soft stone processing

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Bone carving
Kholmogorskaya
Tobolskaya

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Miniature painting on papier-mâché
Fedoskino miniature
Mstera miniature
Palekh miniature

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Artistic metal processing
Veliky Ustyug black silver
Rostov enamel
Zhostovo metal painting

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Gzhel ceramics Skopin ceramics
Folk ceramics
Dymkovo toy Kargopol toy

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Lace making
Vologda lace
Mikhailovskoe lace

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Painting on fabric
Pavlovsk scarves and shawls

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Main folk crafts of Russia
Colored interlink
Embroidery
Vladimirskaya
Gold embroidery

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LITERATURE
Literature is a type of art in which the material carrier of imagery is the word. The sphere of literature includes natural and social phenomena, various social cataclysms, the spiritual life of the individual, and his feelings. In its various genres, literature covers this material either through a dramatic reproduction of an action, or through an epic narration of events, or through a lyrical self-disclosure of a person’s inner world.

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Literature
artistic
educational
historical
scientific
reference

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MUSICAL ART
Music - (from the Greek musike - lit. - the art of muses), a type of art in which the means of embodying artistic images are organized musical sounds in a certain way. The main elements and expressive means of music are mode, rhythm, meter, tempo, volume dynamics, timbre, melody, harmony, polyphony, instrumentation. Music is recorded in musical notation and realized in the process of performance.

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MUSICAL ART
Music is shared
- into genres - song, chorale, dance, march, symphony, suite, sonata, etc.
- for types and types - theatrical (opera, etc.), symphonic, chamber, etc.;

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CHOREOGRAPHY
Choreography (gr. Choreia - dancing + grapho - writing) is a type of art, the material of which is the movements and poses of the human body, poetically meaningful, organized in time and space, constituting an artistic system.

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CHOREOGRAPHY
Dance interacts with music, together with it forming a musical and choreographic image. In this union, each component depends on the other: the music dictates its own patterns to the dance and at the same time is influenced by the dance. In some cases, the dance can be performed without music - accompanied by clapping, tapping heels, etc. The origins of the dance were: imitation of labor processes; ritual celebrations and ceremonies, the plastic side of which had a certain regulation and semantics; a dance that spontaneously expresses in movements the culmination of a person’s emotional state.

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PHOTO ART
A specific feature of photographic art is the organic interaction of creative and technological processes in it. Photographic art developed at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries as a result of the interaction of artistic thought and the progress of photographic science and technology. Its emergence was historically prepared by the development of painting, which focused on a mirror-like accurate image of the visible world and used the discoveries of geometric optics (perspective) and optical instruments (camera obscura) to achieve this goal. The specificity of photographic art is that it provides a visual image of documentary significance.

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FILM ARTS
Cinema is the art of reproducing moving images captured on film on the screen, creating the impression of living reality. Cinema invention of the 20th century. Its appearance was determined by the achievements of science and technology in the field of optics, electrical and photographic engineering, chemistry, etc.
The cinema conveys the dynamics of the era; Working with time as a means of expression, cinema is able to convey the succession of various events in their internal logic.

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The presentation was made by Tatyana Aleksandrovna Vashchenko Thank you for your attention!!

Center for aesthetic education of children "Oreshki" theater department

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Topic 2. "Kinds of art"

photo

circus

arts and crafts

sculpture

dance

art

folk art

music

stage

painting

theater

architecture

movie

Kinds of art - these are historically established forms of creative activity

Each type has individual ability artistic representation of the real world

Each type has its own way of implementing the plan:

• word in literature
• sound in music
• plastic and coloristic materials in fine arts
• dance movement, etc.

Different types of art - live, distributed, broadcast, either in space or in time. Or maybe the totality of space and time, then art refers to spatio-temporal.

Classification of species

Spatial (plastic)

Temporary (dynamic

Spatio-temporal

TO spatial types of art should include those types of art that live in space, spread in space. This is first of all fine arts, graphics, architecture, sculpture, etc.

Temporary arts are those types of art that spread over time, namely: music, dance, facial expressions. Time has nothing to do with sculpture, architecture, or painting, since they belong to the group of spatial arts.

Theater, like cinema , occupies an intermediate position between the group of temporary arts and the group of spatial arts. Because this art is synthetic. Thus, we classify theater as a space-time art.

Art is as multifaceted as reality, this is the soul of a person .

What is art?

What types of art do you know?

What are spatial forms of art? Why are they called that?

What are temporary forms of art? Why?

What are space-time arts?

Each art form has its own means of expression. Which ones do you think?

What type of art are you most interested in? Why?

Creative homework

Using the expressive means of any type of art, create your own small work.

Good luck in your creativity !

What is art? What is art? Not an easy question! To reveal the meaning of this concept, it is necessary to describe the various forms that art has taken from primitive times to the present day. Art is created by human hands. People whom we call artists, sculptors, architects create paintings, sculptures, architecture, we call all this “works of art.”

In the second half of the 16th century, Europe was rocked by a crisis. At the dawn of the 17th century, Italy entered a period of reaction. The Catholic Church tried to unite artists through new ideas and images. Thus arose: a new spectacular art that was supposed to dazzle and subjugate people - the art of Baroque. The word baroque comes from a Portuguese jewelry term for irregularly shaped pearls.

Baroque art, which arose around 1600, was distinguished by exuberant dynamism of forms, exaggerated emotions, a synthesis of architecture and painting, when, thanks to the illusionistic use of interior space, painting opened the way to the infinity of heavenly heights.

In the 17th century, Baroque art in Europe was gradually overshadowed by classicism - art based on balance and severity of forms. Strict rules govern painting, literature, music, sculpture, and architecture. The art of classicism drew its inspiration from two sources: nature and antiquity. To some extent, it came closer to the art of the Renaissance.

The revival of interest in antiquity gave impetus to the emergence in all European countries of an artistic movement called neoclassicism. Neoclassicism sought antiquity not only for the “ideal of beauty,” but also for a model of high thoughts, courage, and patriotism.

Artists became interested in nature. Thanks to the invention of metal paint tubes, ready-made and portable, which replaced old paints, artists were able to leave their studios to work plein air. They increasingly began to go out and work on the street. They worked quickly because the movement of the sun changed the lighting and color.

Cubism is a representation of the time it takes to look at a subject from all angles. Cubism – makes forms explode Picasso painted “Les Demoiselles d’Avignon” in 1907. This is the first cubist work in history. The angular bodies and crooked faces of the models will shock any viewer who glances at the picture.

Cubist artists did not want to paint objects from only one perspective, but depicted them from all sides at the same time, as if they were spread out. They used dull colors - green, gray, brown, and then, starting in 1912, newspapers, colored paper and text paper, which they cut and attached to their paintings.

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PAINTING

This is an image of artistic images in color. The word “painting” means to paint, that is, to write life. The art of painting was known in ancient times.

Oil and watercolor paints, tempera, and gouache are used in painting.

Paintings are created on a plane (paper, canvas, wood, glass, wall).

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EASEL PAINTING

Easel painting is intended only for rooms and halls. These are paintings created on an easel (i.e., on a “machine”).

These works can be freely transferred from place to place.

V. Serov. Girl with peaches.

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MONUMENTAL PAINTING

Monumental painting is associated with architecture. These are large paintings that decorate the building inside and outside on the walls and ceilings. These are paintings, frescoes, mosaics, stained glass windows.

Our Lady of Vladimir.

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MINIATURE PAINTING

Miniature painting decorates items of applied art, including jewelry. These are small paintings that decorate handwritten books, medallions, watches, vases, and bracelets.

N. Suloeva. Lyudmila in the Chernomor garden.

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DECORATIVE PAINTING

Theatrical and decorative painting is associated with the design of the stage, with the production of scenery

Decorative painting for decorating buildings in the form of colorful panels, as well as household items (caskets, caskets, chests, dishes).

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SCULPTURE

“Skulno” (lat.) - “I cut out”, “I carve”. These are three-dimensional images of a person or animal, made in any material (wood, clay, plaster, stone, metal).

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MONUMENTAL SCULPTURE

Monumental - has large sizes and shapes, because it is placed on the streets, in parks, on the facades of houses and in spacious halls (monuments, decorative sculpture, reliefs).

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EASEL SCULPTURE

The easel painting does not exceed the depicted object in size. It is located indoors, in residential buildings, museums, squares, and parks. These are statues, portraits, genre scenes.

Boy's head. Ancient Rome. 1st century n. e.

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Its name comes from “grapho” (Greek) – “I write”, “I draw”, “I draw”.

This is an image (drawing) made on paper or cardboard with a pen, pencil, charcoal, ink, felt-tip pens using lines, dashes, dots, and strokes. Graphics come in black and white and color. Graphic works are drawings, sketches, sketches, book illustrations, labels, newspaper and magazine cartoons, posters, posters, fonts for books.

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EASEL GRAPHICS

• Easel graphics decorate offices, galleries, and apartment walls.
• Types of graphics – engraving, etching (on copper), lithography (on stone), woodcut (on wood)

Dutch engraving.

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BOOK GRAPHICS

Book graphics are related to the book. These are not only illustrations, but also typography. I. Bilibin.

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INDUSTRIAL GRAPHICS

Industrial graphics are associated with industrial products (design of packaging, stamps, postcards, certificates, labels, booklets, etc.).

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VOLUMETRIC STRUCTURES

• Civil structures - residential buildings, government buildings, business buildings
• Cultural buildings - temples, churches, mosques, synagogues.