The number of styles and trends is huge, if not infinite. The key feature by which works can be grouped into styles is the common principles of artistic thinking. The replacement of one method of artistic thinking by another (alternation of types of compositions, methods of spatial construction, color features) is not accidental. Our perception of art has also historically changed.
By building a system of styles in a hierarchical order, we will adhere to the Eurocentric tradition. The most important concept in the history of art is the concept of era. Each era is characterized by a certain “picture of the world”, which consists of philosophical, religious, political ideas, scientific ideas, psychological characteristics worldview, ethical and moral standards, aesthetic criteria of life, by which one era is distinguished from another. These are the Primitive Age, the Age of the Ancient World, Antiquity, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, and the Modern Age.
Styles in art do not have clear boundaries; they smoothly transform into one another and are in continuous development, mixing and opposition. Within the framework of one historical artistic style, a new one is always born, and that, in turn, passes into the next. Many styles coexist at the same time and therefore there are no “pure styles” at all.
At the same time historical era Several styles can coexist. For example, Classicism, Academicism and Baroque in the 17th century, Rococo and Neoclassicism in the 18th century, Romanticism and Academicism in the 19th century. Styles such as classicism and baroque are called great styles because they apply to all types of art: architecture, painting, decorative and applied arts, literature, music.
It is necessary to distinguish between: artistic styles, directions, trends, schools and features of the individual styles of individual masters. Within one style there can be several artistic movements. An artistic direction consists of both typical characteristics of a given era and unique methods of artistic thinking. Art Nouveau style, for example, includes a number of trends from the turn of the century: post-impressionism, symbolism, fauvism, etc. On the other hand, the concept of symbolism as an artistic movement is well developed in literature, while in painting it is very vague and unites artists who are so different stylistically that they are often interpreted only as a worldview that unites them.

Below will be given definitions of eras, styles and trends that are one way or another reflected in modern fine and decorative arts.

	- an artistic style that developed in the countries of Western and Central Europe in the 12th-15th centuries. It was the result of the centuries-long evolution of medieval art, its highest stage and at the same time the first pan-European, international artistic style in history. He covered all types of art - architecture, sculpture, painting, stained glass, book design, decorative and applied arts. basis gothic style there was an architecture that is characterized by pointed arches directed upward, multi-colored stained glass windows, and a visual dematerialization of form. Elements of Gothic art can often be found in modern interior design, in particular in wall paintings, less often in easel painting. Since the end of the last century, there has been a gothic subculture, clearly manifested in music, poetry, and clothing design.
	(Renaissance) - (French Renaissance, Italian Rinascimento) An era in cultural and ideological development a number of countries in Western and Central Europe, as well as some countries of Eastern Europe. The main distinctive features of Renaissance culture: secular character, humanistic worldview, appeal to the ancient cultural heritage, a kind of “revival” of it (hence the name). Renaissance culture has specific features transitional era from the Middle Ages to modern times, in which the old and the new, intertwining, form a unique, qualitatively new alloy. The question of the chronological boundaries of the Renaissance (in Italy - 14-16 centuries, in other countries - 15-16 centuries), its territorial distribution and national characteristics. Elements of this style in contemporary art quite often used in wall paintings, less often in easel painting.
	- (from Italian maniera - reception, manner) flow in European art XVI century. Representatives of mannerism moved away from the Renaissance harmonious perception of the world, the humanistic concept of man as a perfect creation of nature. A keen perception of life was combined with a programmatic desire not to follow nature, but to express the subjective “inner idea” of an artistic image born in the artist’s soul. It manifested itself most clearly in Italy. For Italian mannerism of the 1520s. (Pontormo, Parmigianino, Giulio Romano) are characterized by dramatic sharpness of images, tragic worldview, complexity and exaggerated expression of poses and motives of movement, elongated proportions of figures, coloristic and light and shadow dissonances. IN Lately began to be used by art historians to refer to phenomena in modern art associated with the transformation of historical styles.
	- a historical artistic style that became widespread initially in Italy in the middle. XVI-XVII centuries, and then in France, Spain, Flanders and Germany in the XVII-XVIII centuries. More broadly, this term is used to define the ever-renewing tendencies of a restless, romantic attitude, thinking in expressive, dynamic forms. Finally, in every time, in almost every historical artistic style, one can find its own “Baroque period” as a stage of the highest creative upsurge, tension of emotions, explosiveness of forms.
	- artistic style in Western European art of the 17th - early years. XIX century and in Russian XVIII - early. XIX, who turned to the ancient heritage as an ideal to follow. It manifested itself in architecture, sculpture, painting, decorative and applied arts. Classical artists considered antiquity the highest achievement and made it their standard in art, which they sought to imitate. Over time, it degenerated into academicism.
	- a direction in European and Russian art of the 1820-1830s, which replaced classicism. The Romantics emphasized individuality, contrasting ideal beauty classicists "imperfect" reality. Artists were attracted to bright, rare, extraordinary phenomena, as well as images of a fantastic nature. In the art of romanticism big role plays an acute individual perception and experience. Romanticism liberated art from abstract classicist dogmas and turned it towards national history and images of folklore.
	- (from Latin sentiment - feeling) - a direction in Western art of the second half of the 18th century, expressing disappointment in “civilization” based on the ideals of “reason” (Enlightenment ideology). S. proclaims feeling, solitary reflection, simplicity rural life “little man" J. J. Rousseau is considered the ideologist of S.
	- a direction in art that strives to depict with the greatest truth and reliability both the external form and the essence of phenomena and things. How a creative method combines individual and typical features when creating an image. The longest direction in existence, developing from the primitive era to the present day.
	- direction in European artistic culture late XIX-early XX centuries. Emerging as a reaction to the dominance of the norms of bourgeois “common sense” in the humanitarian sphere (in philosophy, aesthetics - positivism, in art - naturalism), symbolism primarily took shape in French literature of the late 1860-70s, and later became widespread in Belgium and Germany , Austria, Norway, Russia. Aesthetic principles symbolism largely went back to the ideas of romanticism, as well as to some doctrines of the idealistic philosophy of A. Schopenhauer, E. Hartmann, partly F. Nietzsche, to creativity and theorizing German composer R. Wagner. Symbolism contrasted living reality with the world of visions and dreams. A symbol generated by poetic insight and expressing the otherworldly meaning of phenomena hidden from everyday consciousness was considered a universal tool for comprehending the secrets of existence and individual consciousness. The creative artist was seen as a mediator between the real and the supersensible, everywhere finding “signs” of world harmony, prophetically guessing the signs of the future as in modern phenomena, and in the events of the past.
	- (from the French impression - impression) a direction in art of the last third of the 19th - early 20th centuries, which arose in France. The name was introduced by the art critic L. Leroy, who disparaged the exhibition of artists in 1874, where, among others, the painting “Sunrise” by C. Monet was presented. Impression". Impressionism promoted beauty real world, emphasizing the freshness of the first impression and the variability of the environment. The predominant attention to solving purely pictorial problems reduced the traditional idea of ​​drawing as the main component of a work of art. Impressionism had a powerful impact on the art of European countries and the United States and aroused interest in subjects from real life. (E. Manet, E. Degas, O. Renoir, C. Monet, A. Sisley, etc.)
	- a movement in painting (synonymous with divisionism), which developed within the framework of neo-impressionism. Neo-Impressionism originated in France in 1885 and also spread to Belgium and Italy. Neo-Impressionists tried to apply in art latest achievements in the field of optics, according to which painting made with separate dots of primary colors in visual perception gives a fusion of colors and the entire gamut of painting. (J. Seurat, P. Signac, C. Pissarro).
	Post-Impressionism- a conditional collective name for the main directions of French painting in the XIX - 1st quarter. XX century The art of post-impressionism arose as a reaction to impressionism, which focused on the transfer of the moment, on the feeling of picturesqueness and lost interest in the shape of objects. Among the post-impressionists are P. Cezanne, P. Gauguin, V. Gogh and others.
	- style in European and American art at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries. Modernism reinterpreted and stylized the features of art from different eras, and developed its own artistic techniques based on the principles of asymmetry, ornamentality and decorativeness. Natural forms also become the object of modernity stylization. This explains not only the interest in floral ornaments in Art Nouveau works, but also their very compositional and plastic structure - an abundance of curvilinear outlines, floating, uneven x contours resembling plant forms. Closely connected with modernity is symbolism, which served as the aesthetic and philosophical basis for modernity, relying on modernity as a plastic realization of its ideas. Art Nouveau had in different countries different names, which are essentially synonymous: Art Nouveau - in France, Secession - in Austria, Art Nouveau - in Germany, Liberty - in Italy.
	- (from the French modern - modern) the general name of a number of art movements of the first half of the 20th century, which are characterized by the denial of traditional forms and aesthetics of the past. Modernism is close to avant-gardeism and opposite to academicism.
	- a name that unites a range of artistic movements common in the 1905-1930s. (Fauvism, Cubism, Futurism, Expressionism, Dadaism, Surrealism). All these directions are united by the desire to renew the language of art, rethink its tasks, and gain freedom of artistic expression.
	- direction in art from XIX - AD. XX century, based on the creative lessons of the French artist Paul Cezanne, who reduced all forms in the image to the simplest geometric figures, and color to contrasting structures of warm and cold tones. Cezanne served as one of the starting points for Cubism. To a large extent, Cézanneism also influenced the domestic realistic school of painting.
	- (from fauve - wild) avant-garde movement during French art n. XX century The name “wild” was given by modern critics to a group of artists who performed in 1905 at the Paris Salon of Independents, and was ironic. The group included A. Matisse, A. Marquet, J. Rouault, M. de Vlaminck, A. Derain, R. Dufy, J. Braque, C. van Dongen and others. The Fauvists were brought together by their attraction to laconic expressiveness of forms and intense coloristic solutions , the search for impulses in primitive creativity, the art of the Middle Ages and the East.
	- deliberate simplification visual arts, imitation of the primitive stages of the development of art. This term refers to the so-called. naive art of artists who did not receive special education, however, involved in the general artistic process of the XIX - early. XX century. The works of these artists - N. Pirosmani, A. Russo, V. Selivanov and others - are characterized by a peculiar childishness in the interpretation of nature, a combination of a generalized form and petty literalness in detail. Primitivism of form does not at all predetermine the primitiveness of content. It often serves as a source for professionals who borrow forms, images, and methods from folk, essentially primitive art. N. Goncharova, M. Larionov, P. Picasso, A. Matisse drew inspiration from primitivism.
	- a direction in art that developed on the basis of following the canons of antiquity and the Renaissance. It was common in many European schools of art from the 16th to the 19th centuries. Academicism turned classical traditions into a system of “eternal” rules and regulations that fettered creative searches, and tried to contrast imperfect living nature with “high” improved, non-national and timeless forms of beauty brought to perfection. Academicism is characterized by a preference for subjects from ancient mythology, biblical or historical themes over subjects from contemporary artist life.
	- (French cubisme, from cube - cube) direction in art of the first quarter of the 20th century. The plastic language of cubism was based on the deformation and decomposition of objects on geometric planes, a plastic shift of shape. The birth of Cubism occurred in 1907-1908 - the eve of the First World War. The undisputed leader of this trend was the poet and publicist G. Apollinaire. This movement was one of the first to embody the leading trends further development art of the twentieth century. One of these trends was the dominance of the concept over the artistic value of the painting. J. Braque and P. Picasso are considered the fathers of cubism. Fernand Léger, Robert Delaunay, Juan Gris and others joined the emerging movement.
	- a movement in literature, painting and cinema that arose in 1924 in France. It significantly contributed to the formation of the consciousness of modern man. The main figures of the movement are Andre Breton, Louis Aragon, Salvador Dali, Luis Buñuel, Joan Miro and many other artists from all over the world. Surrealism expressed the idea of ​​existence beyond the real; the absurd, the unconscious, dreams, and daydreams play a particularly important role here. One of the characteristic methods of the surrealist artist is the withdrawal from conscious creativity, which makes it a tool that in various ways extracts bizarre images of the subconscious, akin to hallucinations. Surrealism has survived several crises, survived the second world war and gradually, merging with mass culture, intersecting with the trans-avant-garde, it entered postmodernism as an integral part.
	- (from Lat. futurum - future) literary and artistic movement in the art of the 1910s. Assigning itself the role of a prototype of the art of the future, futurism as its main program put forward the idea of ​​​​destructing cultural stereotypes and instead offered an apology for technology and urbanization as the main signs of the present and the future. An important artistic idea of ​​futurism was the search for a plastic expression of the speed of movement as the main sign of the pace of modern life. The Russian version of futurism was called cybofuturism and was based on a combination of the plastic principles of French cubism and European general aesthetic principles of futurism a.

(Translation of Tara Leaver’s article “Finding your own artistic style: A practical guide” –

For many of us, finding our own recognizable artistic style causes great difficulty. And this applies not only to those new to drawing, but also affects experienced artists.

Perhaps you begin to doubt even before the brush touches the canvas, remembering various criticisms from your teachers, or simply getting lost in the sheer number of different possible ideas and inspiration received from different courses. Or maybe both at once!

It's no wonder that when you find your style, you'll feel amazing!

Today I see a few simple ways to find and develop your own style.

Every person has it, you just need to help him express himself. We develop it through constant practice and exercise, but there is also an unconscious part, the one that comes not through the “hands”, but from the heart.

I know this idea seems obvious, but it is this combination that allows us to begin to work on developing our individual style. Received from the outside, this idea gives you a clearer idea of ​​where to start exploring your creativity and finding your style.

What you read below is not intended to be comprehensive information on this topic. These are just starting points for you to find your own path.

Take your latest work, place it so that it is convenient for you to look at it. Answer the questions consistently, noting your reactions and observations along the way. If you want, you can make written notes.

We're going on a treasure hunt!

The main treasure is your own creativity.

Think about what you draw most often

• What themes and subjects attract you most to drawing? If you find it difficult to answer, look in your paintings and folders with works in search of an answer.

Personally, I try to remember my preferences in stories, how often I work on a particular topic. And somewhere at home I have a piece of paper from a notebook where I write down this information. So, when I find it difficult to answer a question about my favorite topic in drawing, I look inside myself or this sheet.

So, I love drawing boats! And also fish, figures and trees.

The list of favorite topics does not need to be completely complete or exhaustive at this stage. It is enough to highlight a few of them for yourself in order to have a starting point.

A selection of works with experiments and creative explorations on the theme of trees. You can see common features, connecting the works - winding lines and contour drawing.

What colors do you like?

• Think about your default color palette.
• What can your last work about the repeated choice of colors?

My working palette recently includes aqua, blue, Nepalese yellow, fluorescent pink and white, for which I use Gesso acrylic primer. This gives me a good range of darks, mids and highlights. I truly enjoy playing with these colors, they perfectly suit my needs and needs at the moment.

And what about you?

On the left is my photograph, on the right is a drawing based on it. I used colors from “my” palette and experimental techniques.

What are the features of your style?

• What do you prefer – graphic lines or working with large areas of color?
• Do you like to use unusual techniques when working with a brush?
• Or maybe you prefer not to use a toothbrush for spraying?
• Do you like to create so-called patterns, designs, or do you prefer to work with more imagination and scope?

Features of my style - contour lines, often uneven and blurry, sometimes “dirty” in color. I am inspired by the works of Egon Schiele. I also love nervous color contrasts and sophisticated, flexible designs.

Analyze which techniques you especially like and are close to, which give you a feeling of satisfaction with your creativity. Develop them and adhere to them in your future works.

Drawing of a fish made with nut-colored ink. Experiment with lines.

What technique or art material do you like?

• You may have several of them. What do you like best?

I really love working with oil pastels. But most of all I like to work with acrylic and use the medium in my work. This allows me to control the drying process of the paints and play with the result. Everything dries quickly and is just as easy to clean.

If you have one favorite technique, this means that you can explore all its possibilities, improve your skills, and therefore your work in general.

I didn't use references for this work. There are only two of my favorite materials - acrylic and oil pastel.

What inspires you?

So, we have looked at the main issues that you need to pay special attention to when searching for your style. Now let's digress a little, look at the work of other artists and think about what we could borrow from them for ourselves.

I recommend doing this after you answer four previous questions. Before you begin to consider and evaluate the work of other artists, you first need to understand your own creativity.

If you are confident that you have identified the main features of your work, this makes it easier for you to find the work of other artists similar to your style and vision of the world. It will be easier for you to evaluate their work, and look for features that you would like to add to your work, your style.

It is designed to collect and share visual information. There is a sea of ​​different pictures, photographs and images. Ask a few key queries and look at the results.

You can create your own personal board on which you will collect (Pin it!) everything that will inspire and interest you, be it interesting composition in one painting, the color palette of another, the artist’s style in a third, or the subject of a fourth.

On my board I do not collect paintings by other artists. I don't do this because they don't inspire me. I just want to be free from what other artists painted at the moment when I begin to create, to look for my own subjects and solutions.

Reference photos (photo sources for drawing) will partially help you with this. They can serve you well, so keep them handy or save photos to your Pinterest board that inspire you.

In addition, by carefully looking at the photographs you have collected, you will certainly see clues about what is interesting to you at the moment and what to do next.

Yes, Pinterest is like a rabbit hole! If you can't tear yourself away from it, set a timer.

On the left is a photo from Pinterest, on the right is my work, which was inspired by this photo.

You can only ask yourself ONE question, and let it be: “What inspires me right now?”

I always ask myself this if I’m not sure where to start or can’t remember how “I” draw. He allows me to follow my own path.

Think about what you want to draw right now, pick up reference photos if you need them, a few favorite colors from your palette, and draw in a technique that you like.

So, are you ready? What will you draw?

I would be grateful for a repost of the article!

More useful translation materials on drawing:

Almost every artist at the beginning of his creative path faces questions - how to learn to draw and how to find your own style? In fact, learning to draw is not that difficult. The answer to this question lies in the details and nuances, which we will consider in this article.

This is not even a rule, but the most faithful and sincere path that one can choose. creative person. For as long as I can remember, I have always liked drawing human faces. And it was from this that I once began to learn to draw and search for my own style. But we are all so different, and some like images with landscapes, while others like abstraction. Therefore, first of all, just decide what your soul, hands and paints strive for! And start drawing for fun. Over time, of course, the list can expand, but each time you need to ask yourself the same question: “Am I now drawing exactly what I can draw endlessly?” At the beginning of your creative journey, ask yourself this question more often. And, of course, never throw away your old drawings and keep them in one place so you can see your progress over time.

Tip 2: Never compare yourself to other artists

Because you will never know how much time, what techniques and “tricks” are behind this or that picture. You will never know how much time the artist spent to achieve his result. And the worst thing you can do when you're just starting to learn to draw is to start comparing your beginning with someone else's middle.

As I wrote above, comparison with other artists is detrimental to your creativity. But this does not at all negate the “eye observation” that develops through expanding your horizons and following the works of artists who are close to you. This is especially true when you are just starting to learn to draw and are looking for inspiration from the outside. Analyze what exactly catches you in these works? What specifically attracts and pleases? What parts catch your eye and make you flutter? Maybe you like how some artists combine completely incompatible things or use original textures? To learn how to draw, be inspired by what's closest to you and combine the techniques you love to create your own unique work. And, of course, look for inspiration and styles you like not only in the works of other authors, but also in individual lines of books you read, exhibitions, films and even music!

Most novice authors do not pay the necessary attention to this point, but in vain. As soon as you started learning to draw and even more so asked the question of searching own style, don’t immediately look for a quick way. It’s better to try more, combine different textures, materials, techniques. Look for what others haven't found. Use something that others haven't thought of. Try, scribble, tear, combine! Be crazy and unpredictable - in in a good way this word! After all, only experiments and the search for new ideas can push you out of your usual comfort zone and find your “zest.”

Here, I think, everything is clear. This is perhaps my favorite and most important point. It is impossible to learn to draw and acquire your own style in two weeks, no matter how much you want. Therefore, I have always said and will repeat again - diligence and hard work are 90% of success! Otherwise, how can you learn to draw and find your own style? Many people believe that the talent to draw and having your own style is something that was given to you right away, almost from birth. But that's not true. Because behind every unique style and personal style there are years of work, sleepless nights, disappointments, creative crises and falls. This may sound very menacing, but creativity is a job that absorbs all your time and energy. But it's worth it.

The number of styles and trends is huge, if not infinite. Styles in art do not have clear boundaries; they smoothly transform into one another and are in continuous development, mixing and opposition. Within the framework of one historical artistic style, a new one is always born, and that, in turn, passes into the next. Many styles coexist at the same time and therefore there are no “pure styles” at all.

Abstractionism (from Latin abstractio - removal, distraction) - artistic direction in art, which abandoned the depiction of forms close to reality.

Avant-garde, avant-garde (from the French avant-garde - vanguard) - the general name of artistic movements in the art of the 20th century, which are characterized by the search for new forms and means artistic display, underestimation or complete denial of traditions and absolutization of innovation.

Academicism (from the French academisme) - a direction in European painting of the 16th-19th centuries. It was based on dogmatic adherence to the external forms of classical art. Followers characterized this style as a reflection on the art form of the ancient ancient world and the Renaissance. Academicism complemented the traditions of ancient art, in which the image of nature was idealized, while compensating for the norm of beauty. Annibale, Agostino and Lodovico Carracci wrote in this style.

Actionism (from the English action art - the art of action) - happening, performance, event, process art, demonstration art and a number of other forms that emerged in the avant-garde art of the 1960s. In accordance with the ideology of actionism, the artist must organize events and processes. Actionism seeks to blur the line between art and reality.

Empire style (from French empire - empire) - style in architecture and decorative arts originated in France in early XIX c., during the First Empire of Napoleon Bonaparte. Empire style is the finale of the development of classicism. To embody majesty, sophistication, luxury, power and military strength, the Empire style is characterized by an appeal to ancient art: ancient Egyptian decorative forms (military trophies, winged sphinxes...), Etruscan vases, Pompeian painting, Greek and Roman decor, Renaissance frescoes and ornaments. The main representative of this style was J.L. David (paintings "The Oath of the Horatii" (1784), "Brutus" (1789))

underground (from the English underground - underground, dungeon) - a number of artistic movements in contemporary art that contrast themselves with mass culture and the mainstream. The underground rejects and violates the political, moral and ethical orientations and types of behavior accepted in society, introducing them into everyday life antisocial behavior. During the Soviet period, due to the strictness of the regime, almost everything unofficial, i.e. not recognized by the authorities, art turned out to be underground.

Art Nouveau (from the French art nouveau, literally - new art) is the name of the Art Nouveau style common in many countries (Belgium, France, England, USA, etc.). The most famous artist of this style of painting: Alphonse Mucha.

Art Deco (from French art deco, abbreviated from decoratif) - a direction in art in the mid-20th century, which marked the synthesis of avant-garde and neoclassicism, replaced constructivism. Distinctive features of this trend: fatigue, geometric lines, luxury, chic, expensive materials (ivory, crocodile skin). The most famous artist of this movement is Tamara de Lempicka (1898-1980).

Baroque (from Italian barocco - strange, bizarre or from port perola barroca - pearl irregular shape, there are other assumptions about the origin of this word) - artistic style in art late Renaissance. Distinctive features of this style: exaggerated sizes, broken lines, abundance of decorative details, heaviness and colossality.

Renaissance, or Renaissance (from French renaissance, Italian rinascimento) is an era in the history of European culture, which replaced the culture of the Middle Ages and preceded the culture of modern times. Approximate chronological framework era - XIV-XVI centuries. A distinctive feature of the Renaissance is the secular nature of culture and its anthropocentrism (that is, interest, first of all, in man and his activities). There is an interest in ancient culture, there is, as it were, its “rebirth” - that’s how the term appeared. While painting pictures of traditional religious themes, artists began to use new artistic techniques: building a three-dimensional composition, using a landscape in the background, which allowed them to make the images more realistic and animated. This sharply distinguished their work from the previous iconographic tradition, replete with conventions in the image. Most famous artists this period: Sandro Botticelli (1447-1515), Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), Raphael Santi (1483-1520), Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564), Titian (1477-1576), Antonio Correggio (1489-1534) , Hieronymus Bosch (1450-1516), Albrecht Durer (1471-1528).

Woodland (from English - forest land) - a style in art originating in symbolism rock paintings, myths and legends of North American Indians.

Gothic (from Italian gotico - unusual, barbaric) is a period in the development of medieval art, covering almost all areas of culture and developing in Western, Central and partly Eastern Europe from the 12th to the 15th centuries. Gothic completed the development of European medieval art, arising on the basis of the achievements of Romanesque culture, and during the Renaissance, medieval art was considered “barbaric.” Gothic art was cultic in purpose and religious in theme. It addressed the highest divine powers, eternity, and the Christian worldview. Gothic in its development is divided into Early Gothic, Heyday, Late Gothic.

Impressionism (from the French impression - impression) is a direction in European painting that originated in France in the middle of the 19th century, main goal which was the transmission of fleeting, changeable impressions.

Kitsch, kitsch (from German kitsch - bad taste) - a term denoting one of the most odious phenomena popular culture, synonymous with pseudo-art that focuses on extravagance appearance, the loudness of its elements. In essence, kitsch is a type of postmodernism. Kitsch is mass art for the elite. A work that belongs to kitsch must be made at a high artistic level, it must have a fascinating plot, but it is not a real work of art in in a high sense, but a skillful counterfeit of it. Kitsch may contain deep psychological conflicts, but there are no genuine artistic discoveries and revelations.

Classicism (from the Latin classicus - exemplary) is an artistic style in art, the basis of which was an appeal, as an ideal aesthetic standard, to the images and forms of ancient art and the Renaissance, requiring strict adherence to a number of rules and canons.

Cosmism (from the Greek kosmos - organized world, kosma - decoration) is an artistic and philosophical worldview based on knowledge of the Cosmos and the idea of ​​a person as a citizen of the World, as well as a microcosm similar to the Macrocosm. Cosmism is associated with astronomical knowledge about the Universe.

Cubism (from the French cube - cube) is a modernist movement in art that depicted objects of reality decomposed into simple geometric shapes.

Lettrism (from the English letter - letter, message) is a trend in modernism based on the use of images similar to font, unreadable text, as well as compositions based on letters and text.

Metarealism, metaphysical realism (from the Greek meta - between and gealis - material, real) is a direction in art, the main idea of ​​which is to express superconsciousness, the superphysical nature of things.

Minimalism (derived from the English minimal art - minimal art) is an artistic movement based on the minimal transformation of materials used in the creative process, simplicity and uniformity of forms, monochrome, and creative self-restraint of the artist. Minimalism is characterized by a rejection of subjectivity, representation, and illusionism. Rejecting classical techniques and traditional art materials, minimalists use industrial and natural materials of simple geometric shapes and neutral colors(black, grey), small volumes, use serial, conveyor methods of industrial production.

Art Nouveau (derived from the French moderne - newest, modern) is an artistic style in art in which the features of the art of different eras are reinterpreted and stylized using artistic techniques based on the principles of asymmetry, ornamentation and decorativeness.

Neoplasticism is one of the early varieties abstract art. Created in 1917 by the Dutch painter P. Mondrian and other artists who were members of the “Style” association. Neoplasticism is characterized, according to its creators, by the desire for “universal harmony,” expressed in strictly balanced combinations of large rectangular figures, clearly separated by perpendicular lines of black and painted in local colors of the main spectrum (with the addition of white and gray tones).

Primitivism, naive art, naive - a style of painting in which the picture is deliberately simplified, its forms are made primitive, like folk art, the creativity of a child or primitive man.

Op art (from the English optical art - optical art) is a neo-avant-garde movement in fine arts, in which the effects of spatial movement, merging and “floating” of forms are achieved by introducing sharp color and tonal contrasts, rhythmic repetitions, the intersection of spiral and lattice configurations, and twisting lines.

Orientalism (from Latin oriens - east) is a movement in European art that uses themes, symbolism and motifs of the East and Indochina

Orphism (from the French orphisme, from Orp?ee - Orpheus) is a movement in French painting in the 1910s. The name was given in 1912 by the French poet Apollinaire to the painting of the artist Robert Delaunay. Orphism is associated with Cubism, Futurism and Expressionism. The main features of painting in this style are aestheticism, plasticity, rhythm, grace of silhouettes and lines.
Masters of Orphism: Robert Delaunay, Sonia Turk-Delaunay, Frantisek Kupka, Francis Picabia, Vladimir Baranov-Rossinet, Fernand Léger, Morgan Russell.

Pop art (from the English pop - abrupt sound, light cotton) is a neo-avant-garde movement in fine art, in which the reality is typical objects of modern urbanized life, examples of mass culture and the entire artificial material environment surrounding humans.

Postmodernism (from the French postmodernisme - after modernism) is a new artistic style that differs from modernism in a return to the beauty of secondary reality, narrative, appeal to plot, melody, harmony of secondary forms. Postmodernism is characterized by the combination within one work of styles, figurative motifs and artistic techniques, borrowed from different eras, regions and subcultures.

Realism (from the Latin gealis - material, real) is a direction in art characterized by the depiction of social, psychological and other phenomena that are as close to reality as possible.

Rococo (derived from the French rococo, rocaille) is a style in art and architecture that originated in France at the beginning of the 18th century. He was distinguished by his grace, lightness, and intimate and flirtatious character. Having replaced the ponderous Baroque, Rococo was both the logical result of its development and its artistic antipode. Rococo is united with the Baroque style by the desire for completeness of forms, but if Baroque gravitates towards monumental solemnity, then Rococo prefers grace and lightness.

Symbolism (from the French symbolisme - sign, identifying mark) is an artistic movement in art based on the embodiment of the main ideas of a work through the polysemantic and multifaceted associative aesthetics of symbols.

Socialist realism, socialist realism is an artistic movement in art, which is an aesthetic expression of a socialist-conscious concept of the world and man, determined by the era of socialist society.

Hyperrealism, superrealism, photorealism (from the English hyperrealism - super realism) - a direction in art based on an accurate photographic reproduction of reality.

Surrealism (from the French surrealisme - over + realism) is one of the directions of modernism, the main idea of ​​which is to express the subconscious (to combine dream and reality).

Transavantgarde (from Latin trans - through, through and French avantgarde - avant-garde) is one of the modern trends of postmodernism, which arose as a reaction to conceptualism and pop art. Trans-avant-garde embraces the mixing and transformation of styles born in the avant-garde, such as cubism, fauvism, futurism, expressionism, etc.

Expressionism (derived from the French expression - expressiveness) is a modernist movement in art that considers the image of the external world only as a means of expressing the subjective states of the author.

The main question that torments all aspiring artists is where does the author’s style come from and how to develop it?
Most established artists answer this question like this:

The author's style is something that you shouldn't think about. You just need to draw and it will come by itself.
In fact, I was never satisfied with this answer and I decided to look into this issue myself.
How should you develop your author's style?

It seems to me that initially you need to understand what the illustration style is all about. What are they and what are their features?
There are an incredible number of styles in illustration! They are all very closely intertwined with each other. But among them there are five main ones:

• Realism
• Decorative style
• Grotesque
• Minimalism

Realism

• To all academic lovers
• Concert for artists

• Academic drawing
• Painting
• Anatomy
• Chiaroscuro
• Realistic textures

Decorative style

• To all rebels who have a good school of academic drawing behind them
• Magazine illustrator
• Artists who want to create super conceptual and challenging works

• Anatomy
• Ornament and other decorative elements.

Grotesque

• Most illustrators
• For animators
• Character concept designers

• Composition
• Plastic anatomy
• Fantasy of the author himself

Naive

• Most illustrators
• Children's illustrators
• Artist-animator
• Concert for character and environment designers for cartoons

• Shaping
• Works with silhouette
• Softness of texture
• Various methods of decorative shading

Minimalism

• Infographics
• Motion design
• Magazine illustration

• Composition
• Shaping

How to develop your own style in illustration?