Code of Ethics for Public Service. Model Code of Ethics and Official Conduct for Civil Servants of the Russian Federation (draft)

The Code of Ethics consists of 4 chapters, each of which regulates certain important aspects ethical behavior of state and municipal employees.

The first chapter contains general provisions. Namely, the subject, scope and purpose of the code. Its main mission is to provide a unified moral and normative basis for the behavior of state and municipal employees.

The second chapter of the code sets out the basic principles and rules of official conduct that should guide state and municipal employees.

“Article 3. Basic principles of official conduct of state and municipal employees,” reveals the general principles of behavior of a civil servant listed earlier. This is one of the important articles of the code that forms the framework of official conduct. Here I would like to dwell in more detail. Quoting paragraph 2 of Article 3 “...State and municipal employees, conscious of responsibility to the state, society and citizens, are called upon to:..” it should be noted that, in fact, important responsibilities for the good of society and the image government agencies call is applied. There is a significant difference between the concepts of call and duty. A call can be qualified as a free opportunity to perform any positive or negative actions permitted by law, custom or any other source of law. Obligation is the compulsion of any positive or negative actions, no matter whether it stems from internal motivations or from external pressure. To achieve the mission of the code, civil servants in the Russian mentality must be obliged to comply with these principles.

Analyzing Article 5 “Requirements for anti-corruption behavior of state and municipal employees,” I came to the conclusion that it duplicates the main provisions of the Federal Law of December 25, 2008 No. 273-FZ “On Combating Corruption.” However, this is not the only article that duplicates already created regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation. One gets the impression of reprinting Federal laws and Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation.

Article 8. “Official conduct.”

In official conduct, state and municipal employees shall refrain from:

a) any type of statements and actions of a discriminatory nature on the basis of gender, age, race, nationality, language, citizenship, social, property or marital status, political or religious preferences;

b) rudeness, displays of a dismissive tone, arrogance, biased remarks, presentation of unlawful, undeserved accusations;

c) threats, offensive expressions or remarks, actions that interfere with normal communication or provoke illegal behavior;

d) smoking during official meetings, conversations, and other official communication with citizens.

3. State and municipal employees are recognized to contribute through their official behavior to the establishment of business relationships in the team and constructive cooperation with each other.

State and municipal employees must be polite, friendly, correct, attentive and show tolerance when communicating with citizens and colleagues.

Article 9. " Appearance state and municipal employee" - briefly describes the appearance of a civil servant:

“the appearance of a civil servant during his performance job responsibilities depending on the conditions of service and the format of the official event, it should promote respect among citizens for state bodies and local governments, comply with generally accepted standards business style", which is distinguished by formality, restraint, tradition, accuracy."

In my opinion, this article is quite blurred and requires improvement, since in the means mass media More than once the issue was devoted to the problem of the dress code of civil servants. The requirements for the appearance of a civil servant are filled with new content in the conditions of increasing openness of the activities of government agencies and especially taking into account the active invasion of all spheres of life by the ever-watchful television eye. A solution to this problem is possible in more detailed specification of the appearance of a civil servant.

The fourth chapter of the code of ethics stipulates responsibility for violating this code:

“Violation of the provisions of the Code by a state or municipal employee is subject to moral condemnation at a meeting of the relevant commission on compliance with the requirements for official conduct of state (municipal) employees and the resolution of conflicts of interest formed in accordance with Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of July 1, 2010 No. 821 “On Commissions” on compliance with the requirements for official conduct of federal civil servants and the resolution of conflicts of interest,” and in cases provided for by federal laws, violation of the provisions of the Code entails the application of legal liability measures to a state or municipal employee.” Considering the feature Russian mentality The level of liability for non-compliance with the provisions of the code is quite low. If we assume that a certain civil servant, having violated the provisions of the code through his actions, will damage the image of the government body (for example, by losing the trust of the population), then it will be extremely difficult to raise this image in the eyes of the public. And liability under the code will not be strict.

Compliance by state and municipal employees with the provisions of the Code is taken into account when conducting certifications, forming personnel reserve for promotion to higher positions, as well as when imposing disciplinary sanctions.

Ways to improve the legal regulation of official ethics of civil servants

In general, positively assessing the idea of ​​​​creating codes in executive bodies state power in Russia, it should be noted that the codes, with minor exceptions, are identical to each other and borrow norms federal laws dated July 27, 2004 No. 79-FZ “On the State Civil Service of the Russian Federation” and dated December 25, 2008 No. 273-FZ “On Combating Corruption”, Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated August 12, 2002 No. 885 “On approval general principles official conduct of civil servants". Consequently, the term “codes” is used in relation to these codes very conditionally, since they are not inherently the result of codification.

It seems that issues regulated by codes, due to their importance, need to be resolved at a higher regulatory level. The publication of a unified Code in the field of ethics and official conduct for federal civil servants and state civil servants of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation will create a truly codified and detailed legal act, operating throughout Russia. In this case, it is advisable to replace the relevant provisions of federal laws with references. This will increase the significance of the code and ensure a clear structuring of the legal institution of ethics and official conduct, taking into account the specifics of Russian legislation.

Possible different shapes functioning of the Code of Ethics in the field civil service: in the form of an oath taken by a person upon admission to the state or municipal service, in the form of a special document with which he is obliged to familiarize himself and bear responsibility for failure to comply with the provisions.

The Model Code of Ethics for State and Municipal Employees needs to be expanded, describing the articles in more detail and defining in detail the responsibility for each article.

Thus, to ensure that the norms of the Code of Ethics and Official Conduct of State and Municipal Employees become a single Charter of state and municipal employees of the Russian Federation and are distributed throughout its territory.

code of ethics official civil

Accepted November 1, 2010 Previously adopted: “General principles of official conduct of civil servants”, approved by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of August 12. 2002 A number of provisions on the ethics of civil servants were included in the law on civil service of July 27, 2004.

Table. Principles of official conduct of civil servants of the Russian Federation

Code- a set of general principles of ethics and basic rules of official conduct that should guide state and municipal employees of the Russian Federation, regardless of the position they occupy.

A citizen entering the civil service of the Russian Federation becomes familiar with the provisions of the Code and complies with them in the course of his official activities.

Art. 2. “The purpose of the Code is to establish ethical standards and rules of official conduct for civil servants for the worthy performance of their professional activities, as well as to promote the strengthening of the authority of civil servants, citizens’ trust in the state and ensuring a unified moral and normative basis for the behavior of civil servants. The Code is designed to improve the efficiency of civil servants performing their official duties.”

Code- the basis for the formation of proper morality and respectful attitude towards civil service in the public consciousness; an instrument of public control over the morality of civil servants.

Knowledge and compliance by a civil servant with the provisions of the Code is a criterion for assessing the quality of his professional activities and official behavior.

Compared to the “General Principles of Official Conduct of Civil Servants of the Russian Federation,” the Code is an expanded, specialized, comprehensive set of ethical norms and rules. It contains 10 basic interrelated sections-articles, specified in paragraphs.

In the Model Code, ethical standards and rules of official conduct received a more detailed and in-depth interpretation. Ethical issues are grouped by topic. It is proposed to use moral and disciplinary measures to punish and reward employees.

The Code places high demands on the anti-corruption behavior of civil servants. Thus, when performing official duties, they should not allow personal interest, which leads or may lead to a conflict of interest. When appointed to a civil service position and performing official duties, employees are required to declare the existence or possibility of having a personal interest that affects or may affect the proper performance of their official duties. They are required to provide information on income, property and property-related obligations in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

Civil servants must notify the employer's representative, the prosecutor's office of the Russian Federation or other government bodies about all cases of any person contacting him in order to induce him to commit corruption offenses.

A civil servant is prohibited from receiving remuneration in connection with the performance of official duties from physical and legal entities(present, monetary reward, loans, services, payment for entertainment, recreation, transportation costs and other remuneration). Gifts received by employees in connection with protocol events, business trips and other official events are recognized, respectively, as federal property, the property of a constituent entity of Russia, a local government body and are transferred to civil servants according to an act to the state body in which he holds a civil service position, for except in cases established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Art. 6. about the rules for handling proprietary information. A civil servant may process and transmit official information in compliance with the norms and requirements in force in the state body and body, adopted in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. He is obliged to take appropriate measures to ensure the security and confidentiality of information for the unauthorized disclosure of which he is responsible and/or which became known to him in connection with the performance of his official duties.”

Article 7 on behavior; the requirements for civil servants vested with organizational and administrative powers in relation to other civil servants are increasing. “They must be an example of professionalism, an impeccable reputation, and form a favorable psychological climate, promote the prevention and resolution of conflicts of interest, take measures to prevent them.”

Art. 8 “Office Communication.” In official conduct, an employee must proceed from the constitutional provisions that a person, his rights and freedoms are the highest value, and every citizen has the right to immunity privacy, personal and family secret, protection of honor, dignity, one’s good name.

In official conduct, an employee refrains from:

a) any type of statements and actions of a discriminatory nature on the basis of gender, age, race, nationality, language, citizenship, social, property or marital status, political or religious preferences;

b) rudeness, displays of a dismissive tone, arrogance, biased remarks, presentation of unlawful, undeserved accusations;

c) threats, offensive expressions or remarks, actions that interfere with normal communication or provoke illegal behavior;

d) smoking during official meetings, conversations, and other official communication with citizens.

Civil servants are called upon to contribute through their official behavior to the establishment of business relationships in the team and constructive cooperation with each other. Civil servants must be polite, friendly, correct, attentive and show tolerance when communicating with citizens and colleagues.

Art. 9“The appearance of a state and municipal employee when performing his official duties, depending on the conditions of service and the format of the official event, should promote respect among citizens for state bodies and local governments, and comply with the generally accepted business style, which is distinguished by formality, restraint, traditionalism, and accuracy.”

Art. 10. - about moral responsibility(and other in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation) of a civil servant for violation of the provisions of the Code. It is emphasized that employee compliance with the Code is taken into account when conducting certifications, forming a personnel reserve for promotion to higher positions and when imposing disciplinary sanctions.

Model Code- the beginning of the formation of an ethical regime in the Russian Federation. Previously adopted: “Code of Professional Ethics for Lawyers” (December 31, 2003); “Code of Judicial Ethics” (December 2, 2004); “Code of Professional Ethics for Employees of the Internal Affairs Bodies of the Russian Federation” (December 24, 2008), etc.

Adopted based on the Model Code“Code of Ethics and Official Conduct of Federal Civil Servants of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation” (March 23, 2011). Then ethical codes were developed and adopted by almost all ministries of the Russian Federation.

For the development of an ethical regime, it is important proposals of the Anti-Corruption Council under the President of the Russian Federation:

· presentation of additional information in the declaration - about the income of family members and minor children of civil servants holding high positions, as well as those facing corruption risks;

· introduction of liability for the submission of false data on declarations of civil servants;

· verification of income declarations of civil servants;

· introduction of control over large purchases by government officials, etc.

Also significant is the decree on the formation of commissions on the official conduct of federal civil servants (Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of July 1, 2010 N 821 “On commissions for compliance with the requirements for the official conduct of federal civil servants and the resolution of conflicts of interest”). In the Messages of the President of the Russian Federation Federal Assembly Attention was drawn to the importance of further development of documents and implementation of necessary measures on issues of administrative ethics.

So, In the Russian Federation, an ethical and legal framework is being formed for improving the public service, and the legal foundations of an ethical regime are being laid. So far, the concept of “ethical regime” is little used in Russian scientific literature and journalism. Its theoretical, methodological and methodological development and testing.

The Model Code of Ethics and Official Conduct for Civil Servants of the Russian Federation is based on the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the International Code of Conduct for Public Officials (Resolution 51/59 of the UN General Assembly of December 12, 1996), and the Model Code of Conduct for Civil Servants (Annex to the Committee Recommendation Ministers of the Council of Europe of May 11, 2000 No. R (2000) 10 on codes of conduct for civil servants), Federal Law of December 25, 2008 No. 273-FZ “On Combating Corruption”, Federal Law of May 27, 2003 No. 58-FZ “On the civil service system of the Russian Federation”, Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of August 12, 2002 No. 885 “On approval of general principles of official conduct of civil servants” and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, as well as generally recognized moral principles and norms Russian society and states.

Article 1. Subject and scope of the Code

1. The Code is a set of general principles of professional work ethics and the basic rules of official conduct that should be followed by civil servants of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as civil servants), regardless of the position they occupy.

2. A citizen entering the civil service of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the civil service) becomes familiar with the provisions of the Code and complies with them in the course of his official activities.

3. Every civil servant must take all necessary measures to comply with the provisions of this Code, and every citizen of the Russian Federation has the right to expect from a civil servant behavior in relations with him in accordance with the provisions of this Code.

Article 2. Purpose of the Code

1. The purpose of the Code is to establish ethical standards and rules of official conduct for civil servants for the worthy performance of their professional activities, as well as to promote the strengthening of the authority of a civil servant, the trust of citizens in the state and to ensure a unified moral and normative basis for the behavior of civil servants.

The Code is designed to improve the efficiency of civil servants performing their official duties.

a) serves as the basis for the formation of proper morality in the field of public service, respectful attitude towards public service in the public consciousness;

b) acts as an institution public consciousness and morality of civil servants, their self-control.

3. Knowledge and compliance by a civil servant with the provisions of the Code is one of the criteria for assessing the quality of his professional activities and official behavior.

Article 3. Basic principles of official conduct of civil servants

1. The basic principles of official conduct of civil servants represent the principles of behavior that should guide them in the performance of official duties.

2. Civil servants, aware of their responsibility to the state, society and citizens, are called upon to:

a) perform official duties conscientiously and at a high professional level in order to ensure the effective operation of government bodies;

b) proceed from the fact that the recognition, observance and protection of human and civil rights and freedoms determine the basic meaning and content of the activities of public authorities and civil servants;

c) carry out its activities within the powers of the relevant government body;

d) not give preference to any professional or social groups and organizations, be independent from the influence of individual citizens, professional or social groups and organizations;

e) exclude actions related to the influence of any personal, property (financial) and other interests that interfere with the conscientious performance of official duties;

f) notify the representative of the employer (employer), the prosecutor's office or other government bodies about all cases of any persons contacting a civil servant for the purpose of inducing them to commit corruption offences;

g) comply with the restrictions and prohibitions established by federal laws, perform duties related to public service;

h) maintain neutrality, excluding the possibility of influence on their official activities by decisions of political parties and other public associations;

i) comply with the norms of official, professional ethics and rules of business conduct;

j) show correctness and attentiveness in dealing with citizens and officials;

k) show tolerance and respect for the customs and traditions of the peoples of Russia, take into account the cultural and other characteristics of various ethnic, social groups and faiths, promote interethnic and interfaith harmony;

l) refrain from behavior that could cast doubt on the objective performance of official duties by civil servants, as well as avoid conflict situations that could damage their reputation or the authority of the government body;

m) take measures provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation to prevent the emergence of conflicts of interest and resolve conflicts of interest that have arisen;

o) not to use his official position to influence the activities of government bodies, organizations, officials, civil servants and citizens when resolving issues of a personal nature;

o) refrain from public statements, judgments and assessments regarding the activities of state bodies and their leaders, if this is not part of the official duties of a civil servant;

p) comply with the rules of public speaking and provision of official information established by the state body;

c) respect the activities of media representatives to inform the public about the work of a government body, as well as provide assistance in obtaining reliable information in the prescribed manner;

r) refrain in public speeches, including in the media, from indicating in foreign currency (conventional monetary units) the cost on the territory of the Russian Federation of goods, works, services and other objects of civil rights, the amounts of transactions between residents of the Russian Federation, budget indicators all levels of the budget system of the Russian Federation, the size of state and municipal borrowings, state and municipal debt, except for cases when this is necessary for the accurate transmission of information or provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation, international treaties of the Russian Federation, and business customs.

Article 4. Compliance with the rule of law

1. A civil servant is obliged to comply with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal constitutional laws, federal laws, and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

2. A civil servant in his activities must not violate laws and other regulatory legal acts based on political, economic expediency or other reasons.

3. A civil servant is obliged to counteract manifestations of corruption and take measures to prevent it in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation on combating corruption.

Article 5. Requirements for anti-corruption behavior of civil servants

1. A civil servant, when performing his official duties, must not allow personal interests that lead or may lead to a conflict of interest.

When appointed to a civil service position and performing official duties, a civil servant is obliged to declare the existence or possibility of having a personal interest that affects or may affect the proper performance of his official duties.

2. Civil servants are required to provide information on income, property and property-related obligations in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

3. A civil servant is obliged to notify the employer’s representative, the prosecutor’s office of the Russian Federation or other government bodies about all cases of any persons contacting him in order to induce him to commit corruption offenses.

Notification of facts of treatment for the purpose of inducing the commission of corruption offences, with the exception of cases when an audit has been or is being carried out on these facts, is the official responsibility of a civil servant.

4. A civil servant is prohibited from receiving remuneration from individuals and legal entities in connection with the performance of official duties (gifts, monetary remuneration, loans, services, payment for entertainment, recreation, transportation expenses and other remuneration). Gifts received by a civil servant in connection with protocol events, business trips and other official events are recognized respectively as federal property and the property of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation and are transferred to the civil servant according to an act to the state body in which he holds a civil service position, with the exception of cases established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Article 6. Handling of proprietary information

1. A civil servant may process and transmit official information subject to compliance with the norms and requirements in force in the state body, adopted in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

2. A civil servant is obliged to take appropriate measures to ensure the security and confidentiality of information for the unauthorized disclosure of which he is responsible and/or which became known to him in connection with the performance of his official duties.

Article 7. Ethics of behavior of civil servants vested with organizational and administrative powers in relation to other civil servants

1. A civil servant, vested with organizational and administrative powers in relation to other civil servants, must be for them an example of professionalism, an impeccable reputation, and contribute to the formation in the team of a moral and psychological climate favorable for effective work.

2. Civil servants vested with organizational and administrative powers in relation to other civil servants are called upon to:

a) take measures to prevent and resolve conflicts of interest;

b) take measures to prevent corruption;

c) prevent cases of coercion of civil servants to participate in the activities of political parties and other public associations.

3. A civil servant, vested with organizational and administrative powers in relation to other civil servants, must take measures to ensure that civil servants subordinate to him do not allow dangerous corrupt behavior, and set an example of honesty, impartiality and fairness with his personal behavior.

4. A civil servant vested with organizational and administrative powers in relation to other civil servants is responsible in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation for the actions or inactions of subordinate employees that violate the principles of ethics and rules of official conduct, if he has not taken measures to prevent such actions or inactions.

Article 8. Official communication

1. In communication, a civil servant must be guided by the constitutional provisions that a person, his rights and freedoms are the highest value, and every citizen has the right to privacy, personal and family secrets, protection of honor, dignity, and his good name.

2. When communicating with citizens and colleagues, it is unacceptable for a civil servant to:

a) any type of statement and action of a discriminatory nature on the basis of gender, age, race, nationality, language, citizenship, social, property or family status, political or religious preferences;

b) dismissive tone, rudeness, arrogance, incorrect comments, presentation of unlawful, undeserved accusations;

c) threats, offensive expressions or remarks, actions that interfere with normal communication or provoke illegal behavior.

3. Civil servants must contribute to the establishment of business relationships and constructive cooperation with each other in the team.

Civil servants must be polite, friendly, correct, attentive and show tolerance when communicating with citizens and colleagues.

Article 9. Appearance of a civil servant

The appearance of a civil servant when performing his official duties should promote respect among citizens for government agencies and comply with the generally accepted business style, which is distinguished by formality, restraint, traditionalism, and accuracy.

Article 10. Responsibility of a civil servant for violation of the Code

For violation of the provisions of the Code, a civil servant bears moral responsibility, as well as other responsibility in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Compliance by civil servants with the norms of the Code is taken into account when conducting certifications, forming a personnel reserve for promotion to higher positions, as well as when imposing disciplinary sanctions.

The Code of Ethics for Civil Servants is a system of moral norms, obligations and requirements for conscientious official behavior of government officials, based on generally accepted moral principles and norms.

The Code of Ethics includes three types of ethical standards:

Prescriptive (how it is required from the point of view of professional morality of a civil servant to act in certain situations);

Prohibitive (what is specifically not permitted within the framework of official conduct);

For every state civil servant, the Code acts as voluntarily assumed obligations.

The Code of Ethics contributes to the implementation of the following moral principles and norms personnel policy in the public service system:

Reliance on the values, morals and traditions of Russian society;

Compliance of ethical standards with national interests and the established political and legal system;

Higher standards for assessing the ethical behavior of a public servant compared to assessing the morality of ordinary citizens;

Taking into account the real aspects of the professional activities of civil servants, determining the moral standards of their behavior in typical and most critical situations; self-restraint of employees in resolving their personal issues of moral significance.

The Code of Ethics is not a version of legal law either in content or in the mechanism of its application and impact. The moral component of the behavior of a civil servant cannot be formed according to the formula “everything that is not prohibited by law is permitted.” No formal procedure, no normative provision cancels moral assessments and decisions based on universal human moral standards.

Judging the ethical conduct of a public servant requires a higher standard than that used to evaluate legal conduct and than that used to evaluate the morality of ordinary citizens.

Ethical Standards civil servants should be more stringent than ordinary moral standards, since senior officials and civil servants of other categories are objectively endowed with power and authority, which can exert, including more stringent control over the morality of its representatives, which is why the higher the status of the state employee, the more stringent the ethical requirements for him should be.

It is necessary to clearly separate the requirements of administrative, criminal codes, laws, regulations for official duties, behavior of a civil servant and public requirements for them. The Code of Ethics is not an administrative legal document; failure to comply with its norms does not entail any administrative or, especially, criminal punishment for a civil servant.

Due to the fact that the code brings together and systematizes public requirements for the morality of a civil servant, the code:

1) serves as the basis for the formation of the content of proper morality in the field of public service;

2) is designed to help a civil servant correctly navigate complex moral conflicts and situations determined by the specifics of his work;

3) is important criterion to determine a person’s professional suitability for work in the public service;

4) acts as an instrument of public control over the morality of a civil servant.

The Code of Ethics for Civil Servants is intended to help strengthen the authority of government, citizens’ trust in state institutions, provide a unified moral and legal basis for coordinated and effective actions of all government agencies, and counteract the decline moral culture in society.

A civil servant objectively acts simultaneously as an official holding specific place in the service hierarchy, as public figure, influencing the development of social and economic processes, as an employee, often as a manager and employer, and also as an individual.

These roles may conflict with each other, resulting in moral dilemmas and conflicts that do not always have a clear solution. The Code of Ethics is intended to help civil servants correctly understand such situations.

The Code of Ethics cannot provide for all conflicts that arise in practical activities civil servant. The rules of the Code do not replace personal moral choice, positions and beliefs of a civil servant, his conscience and responsibility.

The ethical standards of a civil servant are more stringent than the moral standards of citizens not engaged in public service. Higher officials and civil servants at any level are objectively endowed with greater power and authority. Ethical requirements become more stringent, and the responsibility increases, the higher the status of a public servant.

There are different forms of functioning of the Code of Ethics: in the form of an oath taken by a person upon admission to the public service, in the form of a special document with which he is obliged to familiarize himself.

A number of norms and requirements of the Code apply for a certain number of years (at the discretion of the receiving entity) after a person leaves public service (transition to work in commercial organization previously associated with him through official relations; receiving from similar organizations any gifts, benefits, services; use of confidential or proprietary information for personal interests, etc.).

Public control over the observance of proper morality by civil servants is carried out through appeals from citizens.

By the decision of the Presidium of the Anti-Corruption Council under the President of the Russian Federation, the Model Code of Ethics and Official Conduct of Civil Servants of the Russian Federation and Municipal Employees was approved, which was developed in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the International Code of Conduct for Public Officials, Federal Laws "On Combating Corruption, " About the public service system "O" municipal service in the Russian Federation", other federal laws containing restrictions, prohibitions and obligations for civil servants of the Russian Federation and municipal employees, Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of August 12, 2002 N 885 "On approval of general principles of official conduct of civil servants" and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, and is also based on generally recognized moral principles and norms of Russian society and the state.

The Model Code is a set of general principles of professional ethics and basic rules of official conduct that should guide state (municipal) employees, regardless of the position they occupy.
Based on this code, a Code of Ethics and Official Conduct for State Civil Servants of the Tomsk Region has been developed.

Control questions:

1. Show the difference between professional and corporate codes of ethics.

2. Describe the main approaches to the formation of ethical codes of state and municipal services.

Section 5. COMMUNICATION ETIQUETTE IN STATE AND MUNICIPAL SERVICES

General concept etiquette

The communication process cannot be spontaneous, unpredictable. In order for it to proceed normally, without conflict, and to lead to expected and significant results for both parties, it must obey certain rules of external behavior, the totality of which is denoted by the concept of “etiquette.”

Etiquette is an established order of behavior somewhere, norms of relationships between people of different legal, social and intellectual status, part of moral culture, associated with the category of beauty. Etiquette regulates what is permissible and acceptable in a given society or in a given group of people, and what is not.

Considering human behavior as a unity of moral and aesthetic, etiquette mainly explains not “why”, but how to act in a given situation; it always acts as the external side of moral relations.

Etiquette reveals universal human traits of moral relations. It involves the perception of each person as an individual, regardless of his official position, dignity and knowledge. At the same time, the rules of etiquette also express elements of a differentiated attitude towards people. The fact is that they are actually unequal, are at different levels of the social ladder, and may differ from each other in physical and mental development, education, and culture. Differences in age, gender, etc. are also significant. The whole variety of moral relations regulated by etiquette is based on a number of important principles.

Harmony of behavior. This principle determines a person’s education in full, in the unity of his internal and external qualities, content and form.

Systematic implementation of regulations and rules of etiquette. Systematicity means observing etiquette standards not from time to time, but constantly.

It is necessary to observe the rules of decency towards all persons without exception, even when a person is left alone with himself.

Creativity and expediency. This important principle of etiquette presupposes a person’s ability to think flexibly and quickly navigate a changing social environment. After all, what is appropriate and expedient in some conditions may not be suitable at all in others.

Sincerity and naturalness in behavior. This principle expresses the most specific qualities of truly beautiful behavior. Their presence indicates high culture behavior, about the moral improvement of man.

Naturalness in behavior is the result of education and self-education. It is necessary to achieve automatic implementation of the rules, turn them into a habit
behavior. In a habit, actions are automated and performed based on the need to do one way and not another. This “automatism” of actions makes the fulfillment of etiquette requirements precise, unquestioning, free and relaxed in actions.

Modesty and tact. Modesty is a direct consequence of such qualities as conscience, shame, self-criticism, simplicity, and the ability to be oneself. One of
expressions of modesty is tact. Tact is a measure, the ability to feel the boundary in one’s behavior. The absence of such ability speaks of bad manners.

A sense of proportion is moral intuition well-mannered person, as if suggesting to him the most correct approach, the most subtle, cautious, delicate line of behavior in relation to others. Regarding office etiquette, it should be noted that these are generally accepted (or declaratively established) rules social behavior V professional communication in a specific organization. This is a system of norms and attributes business etiquette, inherent in a particular organization: requirements for the aestheticization of the internal environment of the organization, communication style; standards of communication, conducting business with subjects of the organization’s external environment, the share of activities to form the image of the organization.

Official etiquette should, on the one hand, provide normative regulation of the process of communication between unequal people. social status partners by aligning their positions, but not socially, but only in communicative terms. On the other hand, to maintain and maintain a certain “inequality” of partners who have different service status, to ensure proper subordination and discipline.

Heads of leading organizations appeal Special attention to questions business communication. However, the unwritten rules themselves, regulating the external manifestations of people’s relationships, fostering the habit of coordinating their actions with the ideas of respect, goodwill and trust, were developed much earlier. They are determined by the needs of survival and normal functioning of the social organism, the need to muffle the natural instincts inherent in each individual and contrast them with rules of communication based on mutual respect for interests and mutual support.

A fairly common point of view is that etiquette, as an element of a person’s external behavior, is not organically connected with his morality.

A person with refined manners, who has absorbed the wisdom of politeness since childhood, can remain arrogant, inhumane, and immoral. However, such a person is unlikely to be able to mislead the people around him for a long time regarding the right to be called a cultured and educated person. External form of behavior, devoid of moral basis, loses its meaning, acquiring only the appearance of disguised rudeness and disrespect for people, which sooner or later will come out. “Icy” or “boorish” politeness has nothing to do with a person’s true culture. The rules of etiquette, observed only externally, allow a person, depending on the circumstances and individual traits nature to easily retreat from them.

This document is not just a set of rules. It is based on a whole list of international and Russian documents, including the main law of the country - the Constitution. As well as generally accepted moral standards public morality.

Why and what is it needed for?

The state apparatus, its entire vertical is a complex system power, implying different levels of subordination, access to information, responsibility and authority. To ensure the coordinated and effective operation of such a complexly structured “organism,” clear rules of conduct within the framework of professional work ethics are required. The document in question is mandatory for use by all civil servants, regardless of rank, group, class and position.

What is provided

The application of the Code is provided, first of all, by the special social and legal status of civil servants. The whole point is that the position of this group of people determines not only the influence on them of dogmas and rules of public morality (it does not matter whether they are documented anywhere or not), but also the influence of the behavior of civil servants themselves on the formation of official and official ethics. interpersonal communication. That is, the official is a kind of model for ordinary citizens and his subordinates.

In addition, directly or indirectly, it personifies power, declares powers, and determines attitudes towards specific issues and options for their resolution. It is also useful for ordinary citizens to study the document; this will help them react correctly to the actions of officials in a given situation, in accordance with a set of rules and expecting behavior and reactions from those in power within strictly defined limits.

Model Code of Ethics for State and Municipal Employees

On this moment service relations between civil servants in our country are regulated by the current “Code of Ethics and Official Conduct”. The document clearly states the goals and objectives of the set of rules, their binding nature for employees of any position, and even the level of responsibility for violations of the provisions of the document. The extent to which civil servants know and comply with the “Model Code of Ethics and Official Conduct for Civil Servants” is one of the main criteria qualitative assessment their work and behavior in service.

The basic principles governing the official conduct of officials include:

• conscientious and professional performance of official duties;
• understanding the meaning of one’s work as recognition, observance and protection of human and civil rights and freedoms;
• avoiding abuse of power;
• loyalty to any groups that differ in social, professional and other criteria;
• the primacy of professionalism over personal interests;
• combating corruption and other crimes within the framework of authority and law;
• correctness, attentiveness and compliance with the law in all its manifestations.

Model Code of Ethics and Official Conduct for State and Municipal Employees

What happens for non-compliance with the Code?

Each case of violation of the current provisions of the document is considered by a special commission. Article 10 of this Code defines the responsibility of civil servants for any violations. In addition to moral responsibility, there is also legal responsibility:

• disciplinary sanctions up to and including dismissal;
• administrative and criminal liability provided for by law.