Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev - Chuvash educator. Miscellaneous, file section, for games

Plan:

1 Biography
2 Main dates of life and activity
3 Ranks and awards of the Russian Empire
4 History of the Simbirsk Chuvash school
5 Family of I. Ya. Yakovlev
- 5.1 Spouse
- 5.2 Children
- 5.3 Grandchildren
- 5.4 Great-grandchildren
6 I. Ya. Yakovlev as a writer, translator and publisher
7 Memory
8 Photo gallery

Introduction

Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev- Chuvash educator late XIX- beginning of the 20th century.

1. Biography

Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev was born on April 25, 1848 in the family of an appanage (“state”) peasant in the village of Koshki - Novotimbaevo, Buinsky district, Simbirsk province (now Tetyushsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan). Left without parents at an early age, he was adopted by the family of a Russian peasant, Pakhomov, a fellow villager. The future teacher received his first and last name from the first and last name of his godfather Ivan Yakovlev.

In 1856, by order of the specific department, I. Yakovlev was sent to study at a specific school in the village. Old Chipmunks of Buinsky district. Upon completion, as the best student, in 1860 he was admitted to the district school in Simbirsk. At the end of the same year, with a group of 1st grade students, I. Yakovlev was transferred to the land surveying and taxation classes that had just opened at the Simbirsk Men's Gymnasium, where he studied until 1863. After completing his studies, he was sent to serve in the Simbirsk appanage office and worked as a rural measurer for about four years.

Often traveling around the Simbirsk, Kazan and Samara provinces, I. Yakovlev became acquainted with the culture, life and way of life of the Russian, Tatar, Chuvash, and Mordovian populations. Influenced by liberal ideas of the 60s. In the 19th century, he came to the idea of the need to try to make the life of his native Chuvash people easier not with the help of ruinous revolutions, but first of all by educating them, introducing them to literacy and Russian culture. Gradually, I. Yakovlev hatches plans to recreate the Chuvash culture. But he feels this requires more education.

At the end of 1866, Yakovlev, with great difficulty, achieved release from service in the appanage department (according to the law, as an orphan who studied at the expense of the state, he had to work there for at least 10 years) and in the fall of 1867 he entered the fifth grade of the Simbirsk men's gymnasium.

While studying there, Yakovlev summons fellow villager A.V. Rekeev to his place in Simbirsk, and then other Chuvash boys and begins to teach, supporting them with funds earned by tutoring. The private school organized in this way then, with the active support of the inspector of public schools of the Simbirsk province I. N. Ulyanov, gradually expanded.

In 1870, Ivan Yakovlev graduated from high school with a gold medal and entered Kazan University. During his student years, I. N. Ulyanov took care of the Chuvash school, with whom Yakovlev actively corresponded, received textbooks, literature, and often material support from him.

At the university, Yakovlev met the famous Orientalist scholar Professor N.I. Ilminsky and consulted with him on the “foreign” (national) issue. With the active assistance of Ilminsky, by the end of 1871, I. Yakovlev compiled the first version of the new Chuvash alphabet based on Russian graphics, since the old one, created on the basis of the Old Bulgarian (Turkic) language at the beginning of the current millennium, was completely forgotten.

Subsequently, the Yakovlev alphabet was improved. In 1872, an primer was published on it, which became a truly popular book. Yakovlev, himself experiencing financial difficulties, published the first two issues of the primer at his own expense. The primer was met with hostility by the conservatives of that time: “The ardor of the young nature with which he (Yakovlev - ed.) set to work was the reason that he embarked on Wrong Way in foreign affairs. Mr. Yakovlev in the matter of Chuvash education set himself the idea Chuvash language make it bookish..."

In 1875, Ivan Yakovlev successfully graduated from the Faculty of History and Philology of Kazan University and was appointed inspector of Chuvash schools in the Kazan educational district, which included educational institutions in the Kazan, Simbirsk, Samara, Saratov, Astrakhan and Vyatka provinces with the center in Simbirsk. From that time on, a tense pedagogical and educational activities Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev, which became his life’s work. Relying on the help and assistance of progressive-minded Russians public figures and colleagues, he carried out the administrative and pedagogical management of the Simbirsk Chuvash school, which over time turned into a forge of teachers for Chuvash and other schools in the Volga region, taught there, opened and inspected schools in areas with a Chuvash population, developed pedagogical and methodological principles of teaching in the national school . He compiled and published textbooks and teaching aids, wrote stories, organized translation into native language educational, fiction, agricultural, medical and other literature.

I. Yakovlev maintained an active correspondence with academicians S. Platonov, V. Radlov, A. Koni, V. Imshenetsky, musical figures M. Balakirev, S. Smolensky, artist-academician N. Koshelev and many others. Among his correspondents were: the famous German publisher, founder of the “Universal Bibliothek” in Leipzig A. Advertising, French scientists L. Sickler, A. Pinar, Hungarian scientists G. Balint, D. Meszáros, editor of the Revue Oriental academician B. Munkácsy and others. Over the 50 years of his activity, Yakovlev wrote about 2 thousand letters. Their main theme is the enlightenment and national uplift of the native people, their introduction to Russian culture. For 50 years, the Yakovlev Chuvash Simbirsk school has graduated thousands of teachers and female teachers, last years the number of pupils reached 350 people of both sexes. It became the center for the creation of new Chuvash writing, translations and publication of books in the Chuvash language, distributing them in tens of thousands of copies among the rural population.

Many school graduates, having successfully graduated from various higher educational institutions, celebrated their life path outstanding achievements “in the fields of science, arts, crafts, agriculture, etc.,” I. Yakovlev wrote with pride.

What he did for the Chuvash people, I. Yakovlev considered done for the Russian and other peoples. He never opposed the interests of his people to the interests of others, and acted as a champion of the friendship of peoples. Moreover, he believed that only by getting closer to the Russian people, merging with Mother Russia, the Chuvash can preserve themselves as a people. “That’s why one of the tasks of the school I created,” wrote I. Yakovlev, “was to promote in every possible way the rapprochement between the Russian and Chuvash peoples on the basis school curriculum, life, everyday life. For this purpose, the following measures were to serve: 1) introducing the Chuvash to Christian culture, recognized by the masses (I. Yakovlev organized the translation and translated part of the Bible into the Chuvash language: the New Testament and the Psalter. Currently, the entire Bible has been translated and published in the Chuvash language) ; 2) creation of Chuvash literary language and writing, moreover, with an alphabet that has something in common with the Russian alphabet; 3) familiarizing the Russian people with the life and way of life of the Chuvash, as well as familiarizing the Chuvash people with the historical past and present of Mother Russia.”

In the fall of 1919, I. Ya. Yakovlev retired due to illness. In 1922, he moved to live in Moscow with his son. Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev died in 1930.

The legacy of I. Yakovlev in the light of recent historical changes is still subject to rethinking. This is a matter for the future. During the years of the communist regime, much of the life and activities of this outstanding person was hushed up for ideological reasons, and half-truths, as life shows, are more dangerous than lies. The true scale of what was done by the outstanding son of the Chuvash people, raised in a Russian family, will become clear after studying and introducing into scientific circulation documents to which until recently many researchers simply did not have access.

2. Main dates of life and activity

1856-1860 - Study at the Burunduk specific school
December 1860 - May 1863 - Study in surveying and taxation classes at the Simbirsk gymnasium
May 1864 - December 1866 - Service in the specific department
September 1(13), 1868 - admission to the fifth grade of the Simbirsk men's gymnasium
October 28 (November 9), 1868 - Founding of the Simbirsk Chuvash school
June 25 (July 7) 1870 - receiving a gold medal for graduating from high school
August 12 (24), 1870 - admission to Kazan University
1871-1873 - creation of the Chuvash written language, publication of a primer and textbook for Chuvash schools
June 17 (29), 1875 - receiving a certificate of graduation from Kazan University
August 28 (September 9), 1875 - appointment as inspector of Chuvash schools in the Kazan educational district
1877 - transformation of the Simbirsk Chuvash school into a central one
September 26 (October 8), 1877 - marriage to E. A. Bobrovnikova
1878 - opening of a women's class at the central school
1890 - Transformation of the Simbirsk Central School into a teacher's school
1901 - Opening of women's pedagogical courses at the Simbirsk Chuvash teachers' school
October 1917 - Transformation of the Simbirsk Chuvash teachers' school into a teachers' seminary
October 1922 - moving to his son in Petrograd
summer 1923 - move to Moscow
October 1928 - Celebration of the 80th anniversary of the birth and 60th anniversary of the founding of the first Chuvash school.
October 23, 1930 death in Moscow and funeral at Vagankovsky cemetery

3. Ranks and awards of the Russian Empire

Order of St. Stanislaus 3rd class. 12/26/1878
Order of St. Stanislaus 2nd class. 12/27/1887
Order of St. Anne 3rd class. 05/15/1889
Order of St. Anne 2nd class. 12/26/1892
Silver medal in memory of Alexander III 04/25/1896
Dark bronze medal “For work on the First General Census of 1897” 01/30/1897
Order of St. Vladimir 4th class. 03/09/1900
Actual State Councilor 1904
Medal in memory Patriotic War 1812
Medal in memory of the 300th anniversary of the reign of the House of Romanov.

4. History of the Simbirsk Chuvash school

At the end of the 60s of the 19th century in the Simbirsk province there were 305 Chuvash villages with more than 100 thousand inhabitants and not a single school teaching in the Chuvash language. The first such school was opened at the personal expense of high school student I. Yakovlev and was located in private apartments. With the support of the inspector of public schools of the Simbirsk province I. N. Ulyanov, on November 15, 1871, the school acquired official status, permanent funding and premises. After graduating from university, I. N. Yakovlev began its further development. For the school, a two-story stone building with buildings and land attached to it was purchased on the Sviyaga embankment. After major renovations, in September 1877, it was moved to its own permanent home. It housed classrooms, students' bedrooms, a kitchen, a dining room, a bakery and a teacher's apartment.

Among the buildings, along with the stone house, there was a one-story wooden outbuilding allocated for the women's department of the school, which was headed by I. Ya. Yakovlev's wife, Ekaterina Alekseevna, the adopted daughter of N. I. Ilminsky. Initially, the apartment of inspector Yakovlev was located there - until 1885.

The school workshops, built in 1878, were rebuilt into a house church at the request of I. Ya. Yakovlev. On January 20, 1885, the temple was consecrated in the name of the Descent of the Holy Spirit on the Apostles. Later. in 1897-1898 the building was built on a second floor, and an altar was added. The building housed the school library and classrooms for the women's department. Currently, the building has been transferred to the Ulyanovsk diocese, and it houses a temple in the name of the Descent of the Holy Spirit on the Apostles.

A new two-story stone building was built for the workshops, where carpentry, turning, bookbinding and manual labor were taught. All classroom and school furniture was made in the workshops; in addition, the workshops carried out orders from the city, including for cadet corps, gymnasium, Lutheran church and in general products for sale, which was an important source of income for the school. The workshops provided the school with up to 3.5 thousand rubles of income per year, and the accumulated capital of the school by 1917 amounted to 100 thousand rubles

In 1906, a two-year parish school for men was opened at the Simbirsk Chuvash school, which in 1910 was transferred to its own three-story building, donated by the Siberian philanthropist N. Ya Shatrov.

The most significant building of the school was a three-story building built in 1885, on the third floor of which was I. Ya. Yakovlev’s apartment and the women’s department, which was headed by his wife, Ekaterina Alekseevna. The apartment of the Yakovlev family, in which they lived until 1922, consisted of 6 rooms - an office, a dining room, a living room, bedrooms for Ivan Yakovlevich and Ekaterina Alexandrovna and a nursery.
By 1917, the Chuvash teachers' seminary was a complex consisting of a teacher's school, male and female primary schools, female pedagogical courses, and an agricultural school of the 1st category. The school accepted baptized and unbaptized Chuvash, as well as Russians and baptized Tatars aged 11 to 18 years. By 1918 in the Chuvash public school about 1,200 people were trained.

In 1919, in accordance with the educational reform of the RSFSR, a decision was made to close the Simbirsk Chuvash Seminary and open a teacher’s institute on its basis, without taking into account the established Chuvash direction. From the Chuvash seminary, only three-year Chuvash courses at the institute remained. All the property of the seminary was transferred to the institute. Ivan Yakovlevich was left out of work. He tries with all his might and means to preserve his brainchild. On November 23, 1919, in the newspaper “Zarya” - the organ of the Simbirsk provincial committee of the RCP (b) and the provincial executive committee, a note appeared: “Yakovlev and the Chuvash,” which stated that “Yakovlev’s activities were of great importance among Chuvash population, but nevertheless, at this revolutionary moment, Yakovlev must, of course, be abandoned. Both he himself and his views are outdated for our era, for our time.”. On November 25, the board of the Simbirsk Gubono decided: “Considering that Yakovlev’s presence within the walls of the seminary has a detrimental effect on the activities of the seminary, at the proposal of the People’s Commissariat for Education, Yakovlev should be dismissed from retirement while maintaining his pension.”
Only in the spring of 1920, with the intervention of V.I. Lenin, who was personally acquainted with the Yakovlev family in Simbirsk, a pension was granted to I.Ya. Yakovlev and his wife, and on September 1, 1920, the Chuvash Institute of Public Education was opened in the buildings of the former Chuvash seminary, and later - Ulyanovsk Chuvash Pedagogical College. On September 23, 1928, the technical school was named after I. Ya. Yakovlev. Since 1937, the technical school became a pedagogical school named after. I. Ya. Yakovlev, which existed in Ulyanovsk until 1956.

5. Family of I. Ya. Yakovlev

"IN family life I was happy both in my wife and in my children."

5.1. Spouse

In 1870, while a student at Kazan University, Ivan Yakovlevich met N.I. Ilminsky and his family, in which their adopted daughter Ekaterina Alekseevna Bobrovnikova (b. October 2, 1861) was raised. Seven years later, the wedding of 16-year-old Ekaterina, a graduate of the Kazan girls’ gymnasium, and 29-year-old inspector of Chuvash schools Ivan Yakovlev took place.

In the life of Ekaterina Alekseevna there were not only household duties. In 1878, a women's department was opened at the Simbirsk Chuvash school, which she later headed and worked as a teacher and educator side by side with her husband.

5.2. Children

On December 28, 1878, the first child was born in the Yakovlev family, who was named Alexei in memory of his grandfather. Later Natalia, Lydia, Nikolai and Alexander were born. Of these, Natasha and Sasha died at an early age.

Alexey Ivanovich Yakovlev (1878-1951) - famous historian, corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, laureate State Prize THE USSR;
Nikolai Ivanovich (1883-1949) - mining engineer, military designer, musicologist;
Lidia Ivanovna (1881-1942) - philologist and translator.

5.3. Grandchildren

Worthy successors of the family are the granddaughter of O. A. Yakovlev, Candidate of Historical Sciences, grandson I. A. Yakovlev became a Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences. Two more granddaughters: E. A. Nekrasova - Doctor of Art History, A. A. Nekrasova - Professor at the State Institute of Theater Arts.

5.4. Great-grandchildren

A. B. Pokrovskaya - People's Artist Russian Federation, A. B. Pokrovsky - accompanist of the Moscow Conservatory, V. V. Pavlov - Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, E. V. Pavlova - Candidate of Art History, Francoise Vare - Professor of Medicine (France), great-great-grandson M. O. Efremov - Honored Artist of the Russian Federation Federation. L. D. Nekrasova - Moscow historian, art critic. This is already the sixth generation of a wonderful son of the Chuvash people.

6. I. Ya. Yakovlev as a writer, translator and publisher

Acquaintance with the Orientalist scientist N. I. Ilminsky during his years of study at Kazan University confirmed I. Ya. Yakovlev’s desire to create the Chuvash alphabet, primer and publish books for the Chuvash, for whom, due to ignorance of the Russian language, the path to knowledge and literature was closed. The study of the phonetics of the Chuvash language led to the creation of the first Chuvash alphabet, numbering 47 letters. An alphabet and primer were compiled, with proverbs and sayings instructive for the people. However, it turned out that 47 letters are difficult to remember and I. Ya. Yakovlev reworked the alphabet, leaving only 25 letters in 1873.

First of all, I. Ya. Yakovlev began translating the Gospel into the Chuvash language, which was generally completed only by 1911. He worked on translating the Bible until 1922, when I. Ya. Yakovlev transferred the unpublished materials to the archives of the British Bible Society. In addition to religious literature, he published the literary collection “Tales and Legends of the Chuvash” and “Samples of Chuvash Motifs folk songs and texts to them" in two volumes, translations into the Chuvash language of works of Russian classics: "Poltava" by Pushkin, "Songs about the merchant Kalashnikov" by Lermontov, stories by Tolstoy, etc.

Throughout his life, Yakovlev published more than 100 books and brochures in the Chuvash language.

Some works by I. Ya. Yakovlev:

Primer for Chuvash. Kazan, 1872 (published until 1919).
About school education Chuvash. "City and rural teacher", 1897, c. 5;
Brief sketch of the Simbirsk teacher's school. Simbirsk, 1908;
Children's stories. Cheboksary, 1968.
Letters. Cheboksary, 1985. - 366 p.
Believe in Russia and love it. Cheboksary: Chuvash State University, 2002. - 308 p.

7. Memory

To develop and preserve the legacy of I. Ya. Yakovlev in Cheboksary, the I. Ya. Yakovlev Institute was created at the Chuvash state university them. I. N. Ulyanova

Chuvash educator Ivan Yakovlev was born on April 25, 1848 in the inconspicuous village of Koshki-Novotimbaevo. He was the son of a poor peasant and was left without parents at a very early age. The orphaned child was adopted by the Chuvash Pakhomov family from the same village.

early years

The boy was lucky to receive an education, which in the future allowed him not only to start a career, but also to educate the Volga population. In 1856, the boy went to study at a school in the neighboring village of Buinsky district.

Ivan Yakovlev got there thanks to an order issued by the specific department responsible for the education of orphan peasants. The rural school was graduated in 1860. In it, Ivan Yakovlev became the best student. Natural abilities and talents allowed him to get into the district school provincial town Simbirsk, and then to the local gymnasium.

Introduction to Chuvash culture

Yakovlev fell into the class of land surveyors. After finishing his studies at the gymnasium, he worked for four years in his specialty in the Simbirsk specific office. Being a rural measurer, young Ivan Yakovlev traveled not only his native, but also the neighboring Kazan and Samara provinces. The travels were not in vain. Visiting villages and getting to know local residents, the land surveyor got to know better the life, culture and way of life of the Volga population, among whom were Russians, Tatars, Chuvash and Mordovians.

At the same time, the liberal ideas of the 60s had a strong influence on the worldview of the young Yakovlev. XIX century. Following these precepts, he came to the conclusion that the native Chuvash people needed education, familiarization with Russian culture, and literacy training. In the Volga province, its prevalence was extremely low compared to the capital. Ivan Yakovlev believed that in order to improve the life of the Chuvash, it was not at all necessary to resort to bloody revolutions and social upheavals. It is enough to educate the people and recreate their culture.

Teacher

To implement his plan, Yakovlev began to earn extra money as a tutor. However, this work was not his main occupation. The novice teacher began to spend the money from his lessons on organizing and maintaining his own private school for Chuvash children.

At this first stage, the enlightener’s main comrade and ally was his fellow villager Alexey Rekeev. He shared the ideas and hopes that Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev experienced. The biography of the teachers showed that their desire to teach children from the outback was not just a momentary passion of their youth - they really dedicated their lives to this goal.

Supporters

Serious support for Yakovlev was provided by Ilya Ulyanov, an inspector of public schools in the Simbirsk province and the father of Vladimir Lenin. His help contributed to the expansion of the young teacher’s school. In 1870, Ivan Yakovlev graduated from the gymnasium, receiving a gold medal. After that, he went to continue his education at Kazan University. During his absence, the Chuvash school was looked after by the Inspector of Public Schools, who sent the student books, necessary literature and even money so that he could easily obtain a specialty.

At the university, Yakovlev met professor and folklore expert Nikolai Ilminsky. His detailed consultations made it possible to compile a new Chuvash alphabet, created on the basis of Slavic graphics. The need to update it has long been overdue. The fact was that the previous alphabet, which used the Turkic Old Bulgarian language as a basis, was outdated, and it was used only by a small part of the population.

Publication of the primer

The appearance of a new Chuvash primer was not long in coming. The book was published in 1872. This primer and the stories written later by Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev became an important milestone for the development national culture Volga people. The books of the enlightener quickly gained popularity and became truly popular. Moreover, the first two editions of the primer were published at the teacher’s own expense. The enlightener's selfless decision was not surprising to those who knew him well.

Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev spent a lot of effort, time and other resources on educating the masses. The biography of this man is amazing and vivid, because before him no one had made so much effort to help the development of Chuvash culture. In the 70s, Yakovlev was helped by his youth and youthful enthusiasm with which he took on any task.

Inspector of Chuvash schools

In 1875, the student graduated from Kazan University, receiving a diploma from the Faculty of History and Philology. Now completely new opportunities have opened up before him. The young man became an inspector monitoring the condition of Chuvash schools in the Volga provinces. His permanent place of residence was Simbirsk, where the center of the educational district was located.

It was then that the philologist and historian began his educational and pedagogical activity. She was full of worries, worries and dramatic confrontations with local officials. But at the same time, every public story by Ivan Yakovlev about his life’s work attracted many supporters to him. These were not just sympathetic people. Most of them were provincial nobles who had money and influence. Largely thanks to them, the educator managed to become the head of the Simbirsk Chuvash school. This educational institution quickly became a local phenomenon. At the school, future teachers received a specialty, who then began working in local small schools, helping Chuvash children get rid of illiteracy. Over fifty years of operation, the Simbirsk school has graduated several thousand teachers. This educational institution became an important center of Chuvash culture and writing.

Literary activity

What exactly did Ivan Yakovlev do? The biography of the teacher constantly provides an example writing person. The educator regularly published new teaching aids, textbooks, and translated fiction, medical, agricultural and other literature into the Chuvash language. The stories of Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev for children were especially popular. They were published in the form of collections and anthologies, which were instantly distributed among the masses. In every Chuvash house where children were raised, these books became tabletop books.

Yakovlev’s epistolary heritage occupies a special place. The enlightener corresponded with academicians, scientists, musicians, artists, journalists and publishers. Over fifty years he wrote about two thousand large letters. Now they all represent historical and cultural value. Thanks to them, it is possible to restore the picture of the Volga region of the late 19th - early 20th centuries. The letters and tales of Ivan Yakovlev have been republished more than once in both the Soviet and modern eras.

Chuvash enlightener

The most important principle of the enlightener was his idea that Chuvash culture should integrate with Russian and in no case come into conflict with it. Yakovlev believed that the interests of the peoples of a huge empire, and then of a socialist state, could not be opposed. On the contrary, all nations, regardless of their ethnic and cultural differences, must take the path of unification and strengthening ties among themselves.

This principle was best reflected in the activities of the teacher related to the education of the Chuvash. Yakovlev believed that these people should join Christianity, since it was religion that could become an important link between different ethnic groups. To do this, he himself translated some biblical works into the Chuvash language, including the Psalter and the New Testament. For this purpose, Ivan Yakovlevich at one time created a new alphabet based on the Cyrillic alphabet. In addition, he believed that it was necessary to acquaint the Russian population with the Chuvash realities - life, traditions and customs. The Enlightenment continued to teach and write books until old age.

He died on October 23, 1930. Today, the memory of Ivan Yakovlev is honored throughout the entire Volga region, and especially among the Chuvash population.

25.04.1848–23.10.1930

Outstanding cultural and educational figure of the Chuvash people, democratic teacher, writer, translator, creator of didactics of bilingualism primary school in Russia, modern Chuvash writing, Honorary Member of the British and Foreign Bible Society in London (1913).

Born in the village of Koshki-Novotimbaevo, Buinsky district, Simbirsk province (now Tetyushsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan).

In 1863 he graduated from surveyor-taxation classes and until the end of 1866 served as a land surveyor. In 1870 he graduated from the Simbirsk Classical Gymnasium, in 1875 - from the Faculty of History and Philology of Kazan University. In 1868, high school student Yakovlev opened in Simbirsk private school, which later became the first national school, the first pedagogical educational institution Chuvash people - Simbirsk Chuvash school. In 1871, Yakovlev, with the help of his associates, compiled the Chuvash alphabet based on Russian graphics and a primer, which were revised in 1872. The new “Primer for the Chuvash” went through 30 editions during Yakovlev’s lifetime and was intended not only to teach the basics of literacy, but also to instill the necessary norms of behavior. In 1875-1903. served as inspector of Chuvash schools in the Kazan educational district, in 1903-1919. headed the Chuvash pedagogical educational institution he created in Simbirsk. How the district inspector organized and supervised temporary pedagogical courses and congresses of national teachers, opened many rural schools for the peoples of the Middle Volga region.

Awarded the Order of St. Equal-to-the-Apostles Prince Vladimir IV degree, St. Anna II and III degrees, St. Stanislav II and III degrees, medals.

The name of Yakovlev was given to the Chuvash State Pedagogical Institute (now a pedagogical university), secondary schools in the villages of Alikovo and Bichurin (1958), a monument to him was erected in Cheboksary, and memorial museum, the avenue is named after him. Cultural and artistic figures have repeatedly turned to the image of I. Yakovlev: works of literature and fine art have been created, the opera “Ivan Yakovlev”, etc.

Bibliography (works):

1. Yakovlev, I. Ya. Acha-păcha kalavĕsem / I. Ya. Yakovlev. – Cheboksary: Chuvashknigoizdat, 1966. – 36, p. - (Stories for children). See region
2. Yakovlev, I. Ya. Chăvash achisene çyrăva věrenmelli kěneke = Primer, religious and moral instructions, prayers and selected passages from the Holy Scriptures, set out in the dialect of the lower Chuvash, or Chuvash anatri / I. Ya. Yakovlev. – Kazan, 1872. - 56 p. See region
3. Chăvash çyrune vĕrenmelli kĕneke. - Reprint. ed. 1912 - [Shupashkar]: [b. i.], 2008. - 48, p. : silt; 21 cm. - In Chuvash. language - Exit. data: Simbirsk: Typo-lithogr. Provincial Board, 1912. See text
4. Yakovlev, I. Ya. Primer for the Chuvash with the addition of the Russian alphabet / I. Ya. Yakovlev. – Kazan, 1873. – 32 p. See region
5. Yakovlev, I. Ya. Primer for the Chuvash with the addition of the Russian alphabet = Chăvash kĕneki / I. Ya. Yakovlev. – Kazan: Tipog. M. A. Gladysheva, Nikol. Area House of Kurmanaev, 1880. - 36 p. See region
6. Yakovlev, I. Ya. Primer for the Chuvash with the addition of the Russian alphabet = Chăvash kěneki / I. Ya. Yakovlev. – Simbirsk, 1885. – 144 p. See region
7. Yakovlev, I. Ya. Memoirs / I. Ya. Yakovlev. – Cheboksary: Chuvash. book publishing house, 1982. – 271 p. See region

Bibliography:

1. Antonova, Z. S. I. Ya. Yakovlev pultarulăkhne shkulta vĕrentessi / Z. S. Antonova, A. L. Efimova. – Shupashkar: Chăvash patshalah pedagogy un-chĕn publishing house, 2005. – 68 p.
2. Volkov, G. N. I. Yakovlev – chăvash halăkh pedagogĕ / G. N. Volkov. – Shupashkar: Chăvash kĕneke publishing house, 1959. – 70 p.
3. I. Ya. Yakovlev tata Chĕmpĕrti tĕp chăvash school: aslă pukhăvăn ĕçĕsem = I. Ya. Yakovlev and the Simbirsk Central Chuvash School: scientific materials. conf. – Cheboksary, 1997. – 58 p.
4. Mukina, I. V. I. Yakovlev çinchen hună chăn sămah / I. V. Mukina. – Shupashkar: Russika, 1998. – 248 p.
5. Alexandrov, G. A. Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev: fragments of life / G. A. Alexandrov. – Cheboksary: Chuvashia, 1997. – 194 p.
6. Alyapkin, M. A. Silver placers of Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev / M. A. Alyapkin. – Ulyanovsk: UlGU, 2008. – 68 p.
7. Viktorov, Yu. V. I. Ya. Yakovlev in fine arts: [book-album] / Yu. V. Viktorov; [art. N.I. Orlova]. – Cheboksary: Chuvash. book publishing house, 2014. – 135 p. : ill., portrait
8. Volkov, G. N. The fate of the patriarch: a novel-essay / G. N. Volkov. – Cheboksary: Chuvash. book publishing house, 1998. – 350 p.
9. The work of his life: Sat. Art. – Cheboksary: Chuvashia, 2003. – 237 p.
10. Dimitriev, V. D. Enlightener of the Chuvash people I. Ya. Yakovlev: collection. Art. : dedicated 155th anniversary of his birth / V. D. Dimitriev; Chuvash. state University named after I. N. Ulyanova. – Cheboksary: ChSU Publishing House, 2002. – 140 p. : portrait
11. Efimov, L. A. I. Yakovlev - organizer of women's pedagogical education in Chuvashia / L. A. Efimov, A. L. Efimov, E. L. Efimov. – Cheboksary: Chuvash. state ped. univ., 2013. – 338, p.
12. I. Ya. Yakovlev - educator of the peoples of the Volga region and the Urals: [collection. Art. Interregion. scientific-practical conf., dedicated. 160th anniversary of the birth of I. Ya. Yakovlev, April 17. 2008, Cheboksary] / Chuvash. state Institute humanizes. Sci. – Cheboksary: ChGIGN, 2009. – 327 p.
13. I. Ya. Yakovlev and problems of Yakovlev studies: collection. Art. / team aut. ; ed.-comp. M. G. Kondratiev; Chuvash. state Institute humanizes. Sci. – Cheboksary: ChGIGN, 2001. – 142 p. : portrait, ill.
14. I. Ya. Yakovlev and the implementation of his ideas and heritage in a modern multinational school: collection. scientific tr. / team aut. ; Chuvash. state ped. University named after AND I. Yakovleva; [Ed. : T. N. Petrova (scientific editor) [and others]. – Cheboksary: ChSPU, 2003. – 269 p. : portrait
15. Krasnov, N. G. Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev and his descendants: on the 150th anniversary of his birth / N. G. Krasnov. – Cheboksary: Chuvash. book publishing house, 1998. – 319 p.
16. Kurakov, L. P. Prometheus from the Chuvash: reflections on the fulfillment of the Testament of I. Ya. Yakovlev / L. P. Kurakov. – 3rd ed., add. – Cheboksary: Chuvash. book publishing house, 1999. – 132 p.
17. Plechov, G. N. Main milestones and social and educational content of the activities of the inspector of Chuvash schools I. Ya. Yakovlev: chronological document. research / G. N. Plechov. – Cheboksary: [b. i.], 2016. – 799 p. : portrait
18. Plechov, G. N. Against distortion historical truth about I. Ya. Yakovlev: [article] / G. N. Plechov. – Cheboksary: [Publishing house Chuvash. state University], 2014. – 127 p. : portrait
19. Plechov, G. N. Formation of the social and educational personality of I. Ya. Yakovleva / G. N. Plechov. – Cheboksary: [Publishing house Chuvash. state University], 2013. – 83 p. : portrait
20. Continuity of educational traditions: scientific and practical materials. conf. in honor of the 235th anniversary of N. Ya. Bichurin and the 165th anniversary of I. Ya. Yakovlev / Chuvash. state ped. University named after I. Ya. Yakovleva [etc.; comp., scientific. ed. V. S. Grigoriev]. – Cheboksary: Chuvash. state ped. univ., 2013. – 279 p.
21. Savrukov, N. T. I. Ya. Yakovlev Foundation (1997-2012) / N. T. Savrukov. – Cheboksary: [New Time], 2013. – 43 p.
22. Fedyanina, I. A. I. Yakovlev - organizer of training and dissemination of agricultural knowledge among the population / I. A. Fedyanina. – Cheboksary: [b. i.], 2003. – 121 p. : portrait, photo.
23. Reader on Yakovlev studies / Chuvash. state ped. University named after I. Ya. Yakovleva; [comp. A. E. Zemlyakov]. – Cheboksary: ChSPU, 2011. – 189 p.
24. Ethnopedagogical manifesto of I. Ya. Yakovleva: collection. Art. : to the 155th anniversary of the birth of I. Ya. Yakovlev / N. T. Savrukov, G. N. Volkov, T. N. Petrova, T. P. Efimova. – Cheboksary: CHI EM SPbSTU, 2003. – 59 p. : portrait
25. Yakovlev readings (“Testament to the Chuvash people” by I. Ya. Yakovlev as a program for spiritual and moral development of the individual): materials of readings (April 20, 2006, Cheboksary) / Moscow. state open ped. University named after M. A. Sholokhova, Cheboks. Phil. ; [editor: Yu. I. Shcherbakov and others]. – Cheboksary: Cheboks. Phil. MGOPU, 2006. – 124 p. : portrait – Part of the text Chuv.
26. Mikhailova, S. G. Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev / S. G. Mikhailova, L. M. Syakina // The main topic of literature: theory and methodology. – Shupashkar, 2016. – 27-mӗsh kӑlarӑm: [Conference on materials. – pp. 174-177.
27. Mukina, I. I. Ya. Yakovlev halalӗ ӑs-khakӑl culturipe kӑmӑl-sipet puyanlӑkhӗn ҫӑl kuҫӗ: [aslӑ vӗrentekenӗmӗr chӑvash halӑkhne panӑ halal ҫinchen] / I. Mukina // Ulyanovets. – 2012. – April 28. (No. 27/28). – P. 7.
28. Mukina, I. Epirus pĕlmen I. Ya. Yakovlev: kivĕ purnăç tĕttĕmlĕhĕ sirĕlet / I. Mukina // Your philologyĕpe culture: ăslălăkh conferencesĕn materialĕsem. – Shupashkar, 1998. – P. 27-29.
29. Nikiforov, G. L. Yakovlev bukvarĕnchi ilemlĕ text chĕlkhin hăsh-pĕr uyrămlăhĕsem / G. L. Nikiforov // Chuvash language: history, modernity, problems. – Cheboksary, 2009. – pp. 112-116.
30. Pirĕn patriarch = Our patriarch // Chuvash of Tatarstan = Tutarstan chăvashĕsem: [book-album]. – Cheboksary, 2006. – pp. 72-81.
31. Khusankay, A. “Arăslan shăshisene taptamast”: I. Ya. Yakovlev pirki shukhăshlană may / A. Khusankay // Khypar. – 1996. – 14 çy.
32. Vasiliev-Burzuy, E. Learn from the patriarch: [about ped. ideas of I. Ya. Yakovlev] / E. Vasiliev-Burzuy, A. Bolshova // Council. Chuvashia. – 2008. – April 5. - See text
33. Great Enlightener // Chuvash Republic. Invitation to cooperation. – Cheboksary, 2012. – [Vol. 12]. – P. 23.
34. Viktorov, Yu. V. Yakovlev I. Ya. in Chuvash fine arts / Yu. V. Viktorov // Chuvash Encyclopedia. – Cheboksary, 2011. – T. 4: C-Ya. – pp. 721-722.
35. Zemlyakova, A. E. I. Ya. Yakovlev and modernity / A. E. Zemlyakov, K. A. Petrova // Problems of strengthening the health of the younger generation by means physical culture: Sat. scientific Art. – Cheboksary, 2013. – P. 100-105.
36. Krasnov, N. G. Yakovlev Ivan Yakovlevich / N. G. Krasnov // Brief Chuvash encyclopedia. – Cheboksary, 2001. – P. 515-516.
37. Krasnov, N. G. Yakovlev Ivan Yakovlevich / N. G. Krasnov // Chuvash Encyclopedia. – Cheboksary, 2011. – T. 4: C-Ya. – pp. 719-721. - See text
38. Matveeva, G. V eternal memory peoples of the Volga region / G. Matveeva; ph. V. Romanova // Council. Chuvashia. – 2006. – October 3. - See text
39. Pavlov, I. V. Pedagogical heritage of I. Ya. Yakovlev / I. V. Pavlov, V. I. Pavlov // Scientific. potential. – 2013. – No. 1. – P. 94-98. - See text
40. Piternova, V. “I was happy in my family life” / V. Piternova // Council. Chuvashia. – 2008. – April 9. – P. 2. - See text
41. Plechov, G. N. Creative heritage I. Ya. Yakovleva in the mirror of time / G. N. Plechov // Vestn. Chuvash. state ped. Institute named after I. Ya. Yakovleva. – 2003. – No. 1 (3). – P. 6-10.
42. Sorokin, N. M. Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev // Sorokin, N. M. Chuvash writers of Tatarstan / N. M. Sorokin, E. Turkhan. - Cheboksary, 2015. – pp. 235-238.
43. Studentsov, O. R. Borrowings in the translations of the Chuvash enlightener I. Ya. Yakovlev in diachrony / O. R. Students // Vestn. Chuvash. un-ta. Humanitarian. Sciences. – 2011. – No. 2. – P. 335-338.
44. Studentsov, O. R. Translations of I. Ya. Yakovlev as a source of religious and spiritual education of the Chuvash people / O. R. Students // Family in Russia. – 2006. – No. 1. – P. 101-108.
45. Terekhova, O. P. Aspects moral education students in the works of I. Ya. Yakovlev / O. P. Terekhov // Chăvash chĕlhipe literature: theory and methodology. – Shupashkar, 2009. – 8-mĕsh kălarăm. – P. 44-51.
46. Terekhova, O. P. Humor in the works of I. Ya. Yakovlev as a means of moral education of students / O. P. Terekhova // Chăvash chĕlhipe literature: theory and methodology. – Shupashkar, 2009. – 9-mĕsh kălarăm. – pp. 24-27.
47. Fedorov, N. V. I. Ya. Yakovlev and modern school/ N.V. Fedorov // Nar. school – 1998. – No. 4. – P. 1-9.
48. Yakovlev Ivan Yakovlevich // Chuvash of Tatarstan = Tutarstan chăvashĕsem: [book-album]. – Cheboksary, 2006. – P. 407.
49. Yakovlev Ivan Yakovlevich // Encyclopedia of Chuvash journalism and press. – Cheboksary, 2014. – pp. 536-538.
50. Yakovlev, R. Ya. Pedagogical heritage of I. Ya. Yakovlev / R. Ya. Yakovlev // Word = Sămah. – 2005. – No. 2. – pp. 21-24.

Orthodox missionary, teacher, organizer of public schools, creator of the new Chuvash alphabet and textbooks of the Chuvash and Russian languages for the Chuvash, writer, translator, folklorist.

Biography

Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev was born on April 25, 1848 in the family of an appanage (“state”) peasant in the village of Koshki-Novotimbaevo, Buinsky district, Simbirsk province (now Tetyushsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan). Left without parents early, he was adopted by the family of a Chuvash peasant, Pakhomov, a fellow villager. The future teacher received his first and last name from the first and last name of his godfather Ivan Yakovlev.

Main dates of life and activity

1856 - 1860 - study at the Burunduk specific school
December 1860 - May 1863 - studied in surveying and taxation classes at the Simbirsk gymnasium
May 1864 - December 1866 - service in the specific department
September 1(13), 1868 - admission to the fifth grade of the Simbirsk men's classical gymnasium
October 28 (November 9), 1868 - founding of the Simbirsk Chuvash school
June 25 (July 7) 1870 - receiving a gold medal for graduating from high school
August 12 (24), 1870 - admission to Kazan University
1871-1873 - creation of Chuvash writing, publication of a primer and textbook for Chuvash schools
June 17 (29), 1875 - receiving a certificate of graduation from Kazan University
August 28 (September 9) 1875 - appointment as inspector of Chuvash schools in the Kazan educational district
1877 - transformation of the Simbirsk Chuvash school into a central one
September 26 (October 8) 1877 - marriage to E. A. Bobrovnikova
1878 - opening of a women's class at the central school
1890 - transformation of the Simbirsk central school into a teachers' room
1901 - opening of women's pedagogical courses at the Simbirsk Chuvash teachers' school
October 1917 - transformation of the Simbirsk Chuvash teachers' school into a teachers' seminary
October 1922 - moving to his son in Petrograd
summer 1923 - move to Moscow
October 1928 - celebration of the 80th anniversary of the birth and 60th anniversary of the founding of the first Chuvash school
October 23, 1930 - death in Moscow and burial at the Vagankovskoye cemetery

Ranks and awards of the Russian Empire

Order of St. Stanislaus 3rd class. (12/26/1878)
Order of St. Stanislaus 2nd class. (12/27/1887)
Order of St. Anne 3rd class. (15.05.1889)
Order of St. Anne 2nd class. (12/26/1892)
Silver medal in memory of Alexander III (04/25/1896)
Dark bronze medal “For work on the First General Census of 1897” (01/30/1897)
Order of St. Vladimir 4th class. (9.03.1900)
Medal in memory of the 300th anniversary of the reign of the House of Romanov (1913)

History of the Simbirsk Chuvash school

At the end of the 60s of the 19th century in the Simbirsk province there were 305 Chuvash villages with more than 100 thousand inhabitants and not a single school teaching in the Chuvash language. The first such school was opened at the personal expense of high school student I. Yakovlev and was located in private apartments. With the support of the inspector of public schools of the Simbirsk province I. N. Ulyanov, on November 15, 1871, the school acquired official status, permanent funding and premises. After graduating from the university, I. Ya. Yakovlev began its further development. For the school, a two-story stone building with buildings and land attached to it was purchased on the Sviyaga embankment. After major repairs, in September 1877, she was transferred to her own permanent home. It housed classrooms, students' bedrooms, a kitchen, a dining room, a bakery and a teacher's apartment.

Among the buildings, along with a stone house, there was a one-story wooden outbuilding allocated for the women's department of the school, which was headed by the wife of I. Ya. Yakovlev - Ekaterina Alekseevna, the adopted daughter of N. I. Ilminsky. Initially, the apartment of inspector Yakovlev was located there - until 1885.

The school workshops, built in 1878, were rebuilt into a house church at the request of I. Ya. Yakovlev. On January 20, 1885, the temple was consecrated in the name of the Descent of the Holy Spirit on the Apostles. Later, in 1897-1898, the building was added a second floor and an altar was added. The building housed the school library and classrooms for the women's department. Currently, the building has been transferred to the Ulyanovsk diocese, and it houses a temple in the name of the Descent of the Holy Spirit on the Apostles.

A new two-story stone building was built for the workshops, where carpentry, turning, bookbinding and manual labor were taught. All classroom and school furniture was made in the workshops; in addition, the workshops carried out orders from the city, including for the cadet corps, gymnasium, Lutheran church and in general products for sale, which was an important source of income for the school. The workshops provided the school with up to 3.5 thousand rubles of income per year, and the accumulated capital of the school by 1917 amounted to 100 thousand rubles.

In 1906, a two-class men's parish school was opened at the Simbirsk Chuvash school, which in 1910 was transferred to its own three-story building, donated by the Simbirsk philanthropist N. Ya. Shatrov.

The most significant building of the school was a three-story house built in 1885, on the third floor of which was I. Ya. Yakovlev’s apartment and the women’s department, which was headed by his wife, Ekaterina Alekseevna. The apartment of the Yakovlev family, in which they lived until 1922, consisted of 6 rooms - an office, a dining room, a living room, bedrooms for Ivan Yakovlevich and Ekaterina Alexandrovna and a nursery.

By 1917, the Chuvash Teachers' Seminary was a complex consisting of a teachers' school, male and female primary schools, female pedagogical courses, and an agricultural school of the 1st category. The school accepted baptized and unbaptized Chuvash, as well as Russians and baptized Tatars aged 11 to 18 years. By 1918, about 1,200 people were trained in the Chuvash folk school.

On November 25, the board of the Simbirsk Gubono decided: “Considering that Yakovlev’s presence within the walls of the seminary has a detrimental effect on the activities of the seminary, at the proposal of the People’s Commissariat for Education, Yakovlev should be dismissed from retirement while maintaining his pension.”

Only in the spring of 1920, with the intervention of V.I. Lenin, who was personally acquainted with the Yakovlev family in Simbirsk, a pension was granted to I.Ya. Yakovlev and his wife, and on September 1, 1920, the Chuvash Institute of Public Education was opened in the buildings of the former Chuvash seminary, and later - Ulyanovsk Chuvash Pedagogical College. On September 23, 1928, the technical school was named after I. Ya. Yakovlev. Since 1937, the technical school became a pedagogical school named after. I. Ya. Yakovlev, which existed in Ulyanovsk until 1956.

Family of I. Ya. Yakovlev

“In my family life I was happy both in my wife and in my children”

Spouse

In 1870, while a student at Kazan University, Ivan Yakovlevich met N.I. Ilminsky and his family, which brought up the children of Ilminsky’s deceased friend and colleague A.A. Bobrovnikov - Ekaterina (b. October 2, 1861) and Nikolai. Seven years later, the wedding of 16-year-old Ekaterina, a graduate of the Kazan girls’ gymnasium, and 29-year-old inspector of Chuvash schools Ivan Yakovlev took place.

Yakovleva E. A. died in 1936.

Children

Yakovlev, Alexey Ivanovich (1878-1951) - historian, corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, laureate of the Stalin Prize;
Nekrasova, Lidia Ivanovna (nee Yakovleva) (1881-1942) - philologist, art critic, ethnographer, translator from English and German;
Yakovlev, Nikolai Ivanovich (1883-1949) - mining engineer, military designer, musicologist.

Grandchildren

Nekrasova, Ekaterina Alekseevna (nee Pavlova) (?-1911);
Pavlova, Ekaterina Alekseevna (1905-1989) - Doctor of Art History, specialist in the history of Russian and European art, translator;
Yakovlev, Ivan Alekseevich (1912-2000) - Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor;
Nekrasova, Anna Alekseevna (1913-2003) - director of the Central Children's Theater, professor at the State Institute of Theater Arts;
Nekrasov, Dmitry Alekseevich (1914-1971);
Yakovleva, Olga Alekseevna - candidate of historical sciences;
Maaru, Natalya Alekseevna (nee Yakovleva).

Great-grandchildren

Pavlova, Ekaterina Vsevolodovna (1934-2015) - Pushkin scholar, candidate of art history, Honored Worker of Culture of the Russian Federation;
Pokrovskaya, Alla Borisovna (b. 1937) - People's Artist of the Russian Federation;
Pavlov, Vladimir Vsevolodovich (b. 1940) - Honored Artist of the Russian Federation;
Pokrovsky, Alexander Borisovich (b. 1944) - concertmaster of the Moscow Conservatory;
Ware, Francoise - professor of medicine (France);
Nekrasova, Lidia Dmitrievna (b. 1951) - Moscow historian, art critic.

Great-great-grandchildren

Tolmachev, Vasily Mikhailovich (b. 1957) - Doctor of Philology, Professor of Moscow State University;
Efremov, Mikhail Olegovich (b. 1963) - Honored Artist of the Russian Federation;
Ordynskaya, Lyubov Mikhailovna (b. 1966) - designer-typographer;
Pavlov, Alexey Vladimirovich (b. 1975);
Makeeva, Nadezhda Dmitrievna (nee Nekrasova) (b. 1978);
Martynova, Varvara Dmitrievna (nee Nekrasova) (b. 1980);
Pavlov, Vsevolod Vladimirovich (b. 1983);
Nifontova, Polina Dmitrievna (nee Nekrasova) (b. 1983);
Pavlova, Ekaterina Vladimirovna (b. 1985);
Pavlova, Olga Vladimirovna (b. 1989).

Great-great-great-grandchildren

Efremov, Nikita Mikhailovich (b. 1988) - Russian actor theater and cinema;
Efremov, Nikolai Mikhailovich (b. 1991) - Russian film actor;
Makeeva, Margarita Kirillovna (b. 1995);
Nekrasov, Leon Kirillovich (b. 1997);
Nekrasov, Nikita Kirillovich (b. 2000);
Nekrasov, Ivan Andreevich (b. 2004);
Nekrasova, Veronika Andreevna (b. 2005);

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I.Ya.Yakovlev. Simbirsk, 1910.

Yakovlev Ivan Yakovlevich - [born - April 25, 1848, village of Koshki-Novotimbaevo, Buinsky district, Simbirsk province (now Tetyushsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan), died - October 23, 1930, Moscow] - an outstanding figure of culture and education of the Chuvash people, democratic teacher, writer , translator, creator of the didactics of bilingual primary schools in Russia, modern Chuvash writing, Honorary Member of the British and Foreign Bible Society in London (1913).

Chăvash halăkhěn sutlăkhsi: with ěně chăvash syrulăkhne yěrkelekeně: Bible chăvashla kusarakaně. 1848 sulhi aka uyăkhĕn 25 halkha Tutar Republicne kěreken Kănna-Kushki yalěnche suralnă: Chěmpěr gymnasiuměně: Husan universityěnche verně: chăyour school inspectorěnche: Chěmpěr chăyour school ertusinche ěsleně. N.I. Ilminsky věrenekeně. 1930 sulta vilne: Muskavra Vagankovo masarěnche trytarnă. Yakovlev Ivan Yakovlevich

Yakovlev Ivan Yakovlevich (1848-1930) Chuvash cultural and educational figure, democratic teacher, writer, ally. Born into a peasant family. In 1875 he graduated from the Faculty of History and Philology of Kazan University. As a high school student, in 1868 he founded the Simbirsk Chuvash school (with his own and private donations), which, with the support of Ilya Ulyanov, was adopted in 1871 by the state budget. In 1877 it was transformed into the Simbirsk Central Chuvash School, in 1890 - into the Simbirsk Chuvash Teachers' School, which became the center of Chuvash culture. In 1878, a women's department was opened at the Central School. After graduating from the university, Yakovlev worked as an inspector of Chuvash schools in the Kazan educational district (until 1903), and headed (until October 1919) the Chuvash teachers' workshop. Yakovlev contributed to the opening of Chuvash and other national schools in the Volga region. He developed a teaching methodology for Chuvash schools, creatively using the pedagogical heritage of Ushinsky and his followers. In the early 1870s, Yakovlev, based on Russian graphics, compiled a new Chuvash alphabet, wrote primers and textbooks. His reading books are based on stories from folk life and samples of oral folk art, of which he was a collector; his translations of Russian classics fiction(Pushkin, Krylov, Leo Tolstoy, Nekrasov), as well as the popular science books he published contributed to the formation of the Chuvash literary language and the formation national literature, bringing them closer to advanced Russian culture.

The book "I.Ya. Yakovlev in photographs and documents." Cheboksary, 1999

I.Ya.Yakovlev. Simbirsk, 1911.

I.Ya Yakovlev and E.A. Yakovleva with her granddaughter Katya in the dining room of her house. Simbirsk, 1910.

In the main building of the Simbirsk Chuvash school in the fall of 1991. The State Museum of I.Ya. Yakovlev and the history of his school was opened.

Awards of I. Ya. Yakovlev. Orders: 1. Order of St. Stanislav 3rd degree. Awarded on December 26, 1878 - “for excellent and diligent service.” 2. Order of St. Stanislav 2nd degree. Awarded on December 27, 1887 - “for excellent and diligent service.” 3. Order of St. Anna 3rd degree. Awarded on May 15, 1889 - “for distinguished service.” 4. Order of St. Anna 2nd degree. Awarded on December 26, 1892 - “for excellent and diligent service.” 5. Order of St. Equal to the Apostles Prince Vladimir, 4th degree. Awarded on March 9, 1900 - “for excellent and diligent service.” Medals: 1. Silver medal in memory of the late Emperor Alexander III in Bose on the Alexander Ribbon. Awarded on April 25, 1896 on the basis of a personal the highest decree dated February 26, 1896 2. Dark bronze medal on a ribbon of state colors. Awarded on January 30, 1897 - “For work on the First General Census of 1897.” 3. Medal in memory of the 300th anniversary of the reign of the House of Romanov. 4. Medal in memory of the Patriotic War of 1812

Khalkhi văkhătra Chăvash patshalăkh pedagogy universitechě I.Ya. Yakovlev yachěpe hiseplense tărat. Shupashkarta Chăvash patshalăkh universityěnche çutlăkhçă etkerne těpcheken laboratory ěçlet, yatarlă museum pur. AND I. Yakovlev palăkě Shupashkarta Chăvash nazi libraries uměnche vyrnaçnă. Kunsăr Puçne I.Ya. Yakovlev museumě tăvan yalěnche te, Chĕmpĕrte te pur. I. Ya. Yakovlev el mer asra.

In 2008, the Chuvash people celebrate a significant date - the 160th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding son of the Chuvash land, educator and humanist Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev. AND I. Yakovlev is one of those outstanding figures whose accomplishments are preserved in the memory of subsequent generations and become a phenomenon of spiritual life. He was a tireless worker of education and culture, who stood at the beginning of the national upsurge of the Chuvash people, a champion of the friendship of the Chuvash people with other nationalities. He created a system of education for the peoples of the Volga region and the Urals, training national personnel and made a great contribution to the formation of spiritual and moral values of society. Events dedicated to this significant date will be held not only in Chuvashia, but also in a number of regions of the country, including the Republics of Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Ulyanovsk and Samara regions, years Moscow, Saint Petersburg.

Chuvash Language Day - 04/25/2008 Day of the Chuvash language. Established by Resolution of the Presidium of the Supreme Council Chuvash Republic“On the establishment of the Chuvash Language Day” dated April 9, 1992. Celebrated annually on the birthday of the outstanding cultural figure and educator of the Chuvash people, the creator of modern Chuvash writing, Ivan Yakovlevich Yakovlev.

On television - documentary about Ivan Yakovlev - The Rossiya TV channel broadcast a documentary film “Light high star", dedicated to the great educator I.Ya. Yakovlev. The film was created in 2003 as part of the project "Faces of Chuvashia" and introduced the viewer to the main milestones in the life and work of the patriarch. - In preparation for the anniversary of I.Ya. Yakovlev, the State Television and Radio Company "Chuvashia" plans also showing other films and programs created by the television and radio team in different years. - Every day on the Radio Russia channel from April 7 at 12.35 in the section “From Our Fund” a series of literary readings prepared on the basis of the book “My Life” is broadcast. Year of recording 1998

A documentary exhibition dedicated to Ivan Yakovlev has been opened. In Chuvashia, events dedicated to the 160th anniversary of the birth of Ivan Yakovlev are becoming more intense. Within the framework of this significant event, much attention is paid to the exhibition program. The first exhibition was an art and graphic exhibition, which at the beginning of the year worked at the Chuvash State art museum. In the Literary Museum. K.V.Ivanov opened the documentary exhibition “I.Yakovlev. Personality and era" The basis for creating the exhibition was materials from the Chuvashsky fund national museum. Viewers are presented with unique photographs, memorial items, books, manuscripts, and personal items of the patriarch. The leitmotif of the exhibition was “Testament to the native Chuvash people,” written by I.Ya. Yakovlev on August 4, 1921, and formed the basis for the design of this exhibition. As part of the opening, which was attended by representatives of government authorities, cultural and artistic figures, various creative organizations, teachers and students, the role of the patriarch in the formation of modern Chuvashia, the development of education, literature, and culture was especially emphasized. I. Ya. Yakovlev’s assessments were given by time, his native people, his associates and followers. Within exhibition work April 18 at State Archives electronic and film documentation, a presentation of the electronic publication “The Family of the Enlightener” and a demonstration of films about Ivan Yakovlev took place.

Merits of I. Ya. Yakovlev The name of I. Ya. Yakovlev is widely known not only in Chuvashia and Russia, but also far beyond the borders of our country. The creation of the Chuvash written language based on the Russian alphabet, the founding of the Simbirsk Chuvash teacher's school, the opening of rural schools, the publication of the first textbooks, the formation of the Chuvash literary language, the education of the Chuvash intelligentsia, the development of literary translation, upholding the unity of the Chuvash and Russian peoples on the basis of equality, Christian education - such is the incomplete list of the main merits of I.Ya. Yakovleva. He published more than 100 books and brochures that helped ordinary Chuvash people learn to read and write, get an education and become specialists. Among them: “A primer for the Chuvash with the addition of the Russian alphabet”, “My life. Memories”, etc. The Chuvash patriarch well understood the role Orthodox religion for the people of that time and, being an honorary member of the British and Foreign Bible Societies in London, Ivan Yakovlev initiated the translation into the Chuvash language and publication of the Holy Scriptures.