Essays who were written by famous writers. Tass news agency

Poets and writers for some - crazy geniuses, for others - they do not represent anything special, but only become annoying in schools with their poems, stories and biographies. But some people don’t even realize how interesting many personalities are beyond their creativity. What about the most unusual and unknown interesting facts about writers and poets?

A.S. Pushkin is “our everything,” I hope everyone remembers this. The line “let’s drink from grief” immediately comes to mind; where is the mug? - these words are partly true, although the most favorite drink was sweet lemonade!

In the process of creating the work, the writer refreshed himself not with a cup of coffee or a glass of wine, but with a glass of lemonade, the poet especially loved it at night.

Surprisingly, before the duel with Dantes, Pushkin went into a pastry shop and drank a glass of aromatic lemonade with great pleasure.

Gogol's eccentricities

Oh, how many myths there are around the author of the famous “Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka”. Contemporaries confirmed some of the writer’s oddities. Gogol slept sitting, loved to do needlework (sewed scarves and vests), wrote all his brilliant works only while standing!

For example, as a child I loved to roll bread balls, for which I usually got slapped on the wrist. And Gogol calmed his nerves by rolling balls all his life! Nikolai Berg, remembering the writer, said that Gogol constantly walked from corner to corner or wrote, while at the same time rolling balls of bread (precisely wheat). And the writer also threw rolled balls into kvass for his friends!

The Amazing Habits of Chekhov

But Chekhov, calming his nerves, did not roll balls, but used a hammer to smash crushed stone into dust, which was then used to sprinkle garden paths. The writer could spend hours breaking rubble without distraction!

Deep psychologist Dostoevsky

By the way, the characters of all the characters in Dostoevsky’s works were copied from real people. Dostoevsky constantly made new acquaintances, starting conversations even with random passers-by.

Contemporaries note that when the writer was immersed in writing works, he became so carried away that he forgot to eat. He walked around the room all day, saying sentences out loud. Once, while writing a famous novel, Dostoevsky wandered from corner to corner and talked to himself about Raskolnikov’s attitude towards the old pawnbroker and his motive. The footman got scared when he accidentally overheard the conversation and decided that Dostoevsky was going to kill someone.

Religious philosopher Leo Tolstoy

Here you can make a huge list of the eccentricities and oddities of the author of Anna Karenina, War and Peace and much, much more.

Firstly, as an 82-year-old man, he ran away from his wonderful wife, who could spend hours copying his works into clear copy. And all because of a discrepancy in views, which emerged only after 48 years of marriage.

Secondly, Leo Tolstoy was a vegetarian. Thirdly, the writer lost the family estate at cards. Fourth, Leo Tolstoy denied everything material goods, constantly communicated with peasants and valued physical labor. The writer said about himself that if he doesn’t work at least a little in the yard a day, he will be very irritable. He also loved to do handicrafts, especially sewing boots for relatives, friends and even strangers.

Vladimir Nabokov and his butterflies

Entomology was a huge passion for Nabokov; he could spend hours running around the area looking for beautiful butterflies.

One of the funniest photographs of Nabokov with a net. But anyway main love For Nabokov, the craft of writing remained. The author's principle of writing texts is interesting. The works were written on 3-by-5-inch cards, which were then used to create a book. The cards had to have pointed ends straight lines

and an elastic band.

Mystical letters of Evgeny Petrov (Kataev) The main hobby of the co-author satirical works “Twelve Chairs”, “Golden Calf”, etc. there was collecting stamps, but even here it’s not so simple. Petrov sent letters to invented addresses to cities that did not exist on the world map. First he chose real country

After long travels around the world, the letter was returned, crowned with numerous stamps marked “Addressee not found.” But one day Petrov received a response from New Zealand; everything matched: the address, the name, and even the situation described by the domestic writer. Petrov wrote in a letter that he condoled the death of a certain Uncle Pete, and asked how his wife and daughter were doing. The addressee replied that he missed Petrov, remembered the days spent with him in New Zealand, his wife and daughter also said hello and hoped to see him soon. One would think that someone was making a joke, but the interlocutor attached a photo that showed big man, hugging Petrov!

The poor satirist got so excited that he ended up in the hospital with pneumonia. He had absolutely no idea who the person in the photo was and had never been to New Zealand! This story was adapted into the plot of the 2012 film “The Envelope.”

The day before world day writer "Levada Center" wondered who in the minds of Russian residents is worthy of entering list of the most outstanding Russian writers. 1,600 residents completed the survey Russian Federation over 18 years old. The results can be called predictable: the top ten reflects the composition school curriculum on literature.

Human rights activist Solzhenitsyn joined her almost closely (5%). Kuprin, Bunin and Nekrasov finished at the same time - each received 4% of the votes. And then, among the names familiar from textbooks, new ones began to appear, for example, Dontsova and Akunin took a place next to Griboedov and Ostrovsky (3% each), and Ustinova, Ivanov, Marinina and Pelevin stood on the same level with Goncharov, Pasternak, Platonov and Chernyshevsky ( 1%).

Opens the top 10 most outstanding writers Russian poet-misanthrope, full of contempt for the soulless world, creator of demonic characters and singer of Caucasian exoticism in the form of mountain rivers and young Circassian women. However, even stylistic errors like “a lioness with a shaggy mane on her spine” or “a familiar corpse” did not prevent him from ascending the Parnassus of Russian literature and taking tenth place in the rating with a score of 6%.

9. Gorky

In the USSR he was considered the founder of Soviet literature and socialist realism, and ideological opponents denied Gorky his literary talent and intellectual scope and accused him of cheap sentimentalism. Received 7% of the votes.

8. Turgenev

He dreamed of a career as a philosopher and even tried to get a master's degree, but he failed to become a scientist. But he became a writer. And he was quite a successful writer - his fees were among the highest in Russia. With this money (and income from the estate), Turgenev supported the entire family of his beloved Pauline Viardot, including her children and husband. The survey scored 9%.

7. Bulgakov

Russia rediscovered this writer only twenty-five years ago, after perestroika. Bulgakov was one of the first to encounter the horrors of communal apartments and obstacles on the way to Moscow registration, which was later reflected in The Master and Margarita. His contribution to literature was appreciated by 11% of Russians.

6. Sholokhov

It is still unknown who exactly wrote “ Quiet Don“- an unknown writer from the “white” camp, or a group of comrades from the NKVD, or Sholokhov himself, who later received the Nobel Prize for the novel. In the meantime, he ranks sixth in the list of outstanding writers with a score of 13%.

5. Gogol

They love him not for his moralizing, but for the door to the world of grotesque and phantasmagoria, intricately intertwined with real life. Scored the same number of points with Sholokhov.

4. Pushkin

In his youth he loved to play pranks (for example, to shock the inhabitants of Yekaterinoslav with an outfit of translucent muslin pantaloons without underwear), was proud of his thin waist and tried with all his might to get rid of the status of “writer.” At the same time, already during his lifetime he was considered a genius, the first Russian poet and creator of the Russian literary language. In the minds of today's readers, it ranks fourth with a score of 15%.

3. Chekhov

Author humorous stories and the founder of tragicomedy in Russian literature in the world is considered a kind of “ business card"Russian drama. The Russians give him an honorable third place, giving him 18% of the votes.

2. Dostoevsky

Five books by a former convict and an inveterate gambler were included in the list of “One Hundred best books of all times" according to the Norwegian Nobel Institute. Dostoevsky knows better than anyone and describes with utmost honesty the dark and painful depths human soul. He took second place in the ranking with a score of 23%.

1. Leo Tolstoy

“The seasoned little man” has earned fame brilliant writer and classics of Russian literature during his lifetime. His works have been published and republished many times in Russia and abroad and have appeared on the silver screen many times. Anna Karenina alone was filmed 32 times, Resurrection 22 times, War and Peace 11 times. Even his life itself served as material for several films. Perhaps it was thanks to recent high-profile film adaptations that he earned the fame of the first writer in Russia, receiving 45% of the votes.

We have answered the most popular questions- check, maybe they answered yours too?

• We are a cultural institution and want to broadcast on the Kultura.RF portal. Where should we turn?
• How to propose an event to the portal’s “Poster”?
• I found an error in a publication on the portal. How to tell the editors?

I subscribed to push notifications, but the offer appears every day

We use cookies on the portal to remember your visits. If cookies are deleted, the subscription offer will pop up again. Open your browser settings and make sure that the “Delete cookies” option is not marked “Delete every time you exit the browser.”

I want to be the first to know about new materials and projects of the portal “Culture.RF”

If you have an idea for broadcasting, but do not have the technical ability to carry it out, we suggest filling out an electronic application form within the framework of the national project “Culture”: . If the event is scheduled between September 1 and December 31, 2019, the application can be submitted from March 16 to June 1, 2019 (inclusive). The selection of events that will receive support is carried out by an expert commission of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation.

Our museum (institution) is not on the portal. How to add it?

You can add an institution to the portal using the “Unified Information Space in the Field of Culture” system: . Join it and add your places and events in accordance with. After checking by the moderator, information about the institution will appear on the Kultura.RF portal.

1. Gabriel José de la Concordia "Gabo" García Márquez(b. March 6, 1927, Aracataca, Colombia) - famous Colombian prose writer, journalist, publisher and political figure; laureate Nobel Prize on literature 1982. Representative literary direction"magical realism". His novel One Hundred Years of Solitude (Cien años de soledad, 1967) brought him worldwide fame.

2. Umberto Eco(b. January 5, 1932, Alessandria, Italy) - Italian scientist-philosopher, medievalist historian, semiotics specialist, literary critic, writer. Most famous novels- "The Name of the Rose" and "Foucault's Pendulum".

3. Otfried Preusler(b. October 20, 1923) - German children's writer, by nationality - Lusatian (Lusatian Serb). Most famous works: “Little Baba Yaga”, “Little Ghost”, “Little Waterman” and “Krabat, or Legends of the Old Mill”.

4. Boris Lvovich Vasiliev(born May 21, 1924) - Soviet and Russian writer. Author of the story “The Dawns Here Are Quiet” (1969), the novel “Not on the Lists” (1974), etc.

5. Ion Druta(b. 09/03/1928) - Moldavian and Russian writer and playwright.

6. Fazil Abdulovich Iskander(03/06/1929, Sukhum, Abkhazia, USSR) - an outstanding Soviet and Russian prose writer and poet of Abkhaz origin.

7. Daniil Alexandrovich Granin(b. January 1, 1919, Volsk, Saratov province, according to other sources - Volyn, Kursk region) - Russian writer and public figure. Knight of the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called, Hero Socialist Labor(1989), President of the Society of Friends of the Russian National Library; Chairman of the Board of the International charitable foundation them. D. S. Likhacheva.

8. Milan Kundera(b. April 1, 1929) is a modern Czech prose writer who has lived in France since 1975. He writes in both Czech and French.

9. Thomas Tranströmer(b. April 15, 1931 in Stockholm) is the largest Swedish poet of the 20th century. Winner of the 2011 Nobel Prize in Literature "for the way his brief, translucent images give us a renewed view of reality."

10. Max Gallo(b. January 7, 1932, Nice) - French writer, historian and politician. Member of the French Academy

11. Jorge Mario Pedro Vargas Llosa(b. 03/28/1936) - Peruvian-Spanish prose writer and playwright, publicist, politician, winner of the 2010 Nobel Prize in Literature.

12. Terry Pratchett(b. April 28, 1948) - popular English writer. The most popular is his satirical fantasy series about Flat world(eng. Discworld). The total circulation of his books is about 50 million copies.

13. Yuri Vasilievich Bondarev(b. 03/15/1924) - Russian Soviet writer. Author of the novel “Hot Snow”, the story “Battalions Ask for Fire”, etc.

14. Stephen Edwin King(b. September 21, 1947, Portland, Maine, USA) - American writer, working in a variety of genres, including horror, thriller, science fiction, fantasy, mystery, drama.

15. Victor Olegovich Pelevin(born November 22, 1962, Moscow) - Russian writer. The most famous works: “The Life of Insects”, “Chapaev and Emptiness”, “Generation “P””

16. Joan Rowling(b. July 31, 1965, Yate, Gloucestershire, England) is a British writer, author of the Harry Potter series of novels, translated into more than 65 languages ​​and sold (as of 2008) more than 400 million copies.

A literary fairy tale is probably one of the most popular genres of our time. Interest in such works is inexhaustible both among children and among their parents, and Russian fairy tale writers have made a worthy contribution to the common creative cause. It should be remembered that a literary fairy tale differs from folklore according to several parameters. First of all, because it has a specific author. There are also differences in the way the material is conveyed and the clear use of plots and images to suggest that this genre has the right to complete independence.

Poetic tales of Pushkin

If you compile a list of fairy tales by Russian writers, it will take more than one sheet of paper. Moreover, works were written not only in prose, but also in poetry. Here a shining example A. Pushkin, who initially did not plan to compose children's works, can serve as a reference. But after a while, the poetic works “About Tsar Saltan”, “About the priest and his worker Balda”, “About dead princess and the Seven Bogatyrs,” “About the Golden Cockerel” added to the list of fairy tales by Russian writers. A simple and figurative form of presentation, memorable images, vivid plots - all this is characteristic of the work of the great poet. And these works are still part of the treasury

Continuation of the list

The literary tales of the period under review include some other, no less famous ones. Russian fairy tale writers: Zhukovsky ("The War of Mice and Frogs"), Ershov ("The Little Humpbacked Horse"), Aksakov (" The Scarlet Flower") - made their worthy contribution to the development of the genre. And the great collector of folklore and interpreter of the Russian language Dal also wrote a certain number of fairy-tale works. Among them: “The Crow”, “The Snow Maiden Girl”, “About the Woodpecker” and others. You can recall others fairy tales of famous Russian writers: “The Wind and the Sun”, “The Blind Horse”, “The Fox and the Goat” by Ushinsky, “The Black Hen, or Underground inhabitants"Pogorelsky, "The Frog Traveler", "The Tale of the Toad and the Rose" by Garshin, " Wild landowner», « The wise minnow» Saltykova-Shchedrin. Of course, this is not a complete list.

Russian fairy tale writers

Leo Tolstoy, Paustovsky, Mamin-Sibiryak, Gorky, and many others wrote literary fairy tales. Among especially outstanding works One can note the “Golden Key” by Tolstoy Alexey. The work was planned as a free retelling of “Pinocchio” by Carlo Collodi. But here is the case when the alteration surpassed the original - this is how many Russian-speaking critics evaluate the writer’s work. The wooden boy Pinocchio, familiar to everyone since childhood, won the hearts of little readers and their parents for a long time with his spontaneity and brave heart. We all remember Buratino's friends: Malvina, Artemon, Pierrot. And his enemies: the evil Karabas and the nasty Duremar, and the fox Alice. The vivid images of the heroes are so unique and original, recognizable that, once you read Tolstoy’s work, you remember them for the rest of your life.

Revolutionary tales

One of them can be confidently included the creation of Yuri Olesha “Three Fat Men”. In this tale, the author reveals the theme of class struggle against the backdrop of such eternal values like friendship, mutual assistance; The characters of the heroes are distinguished by courage and revolutionary impulse. And Arkady Gaidar’s work “Malchish-Kibalchish” tells about a difficult period for the formation of the Soviet state - civil war. Malchish is a bright, memorable symbol of that era of struggle for revolutionary ideals. It is no coincidence that these images were subsequently used by other authors, for example, in the work of Joseph Kurlat, who revived the bright image of the hero in the fairy tale-poem “The Song of Malchish-Kibalchish.”

These authors include those who gave literature such fairy tales and plays as “The Naked King” and “The Shadow” - based on the works of Andersen. And his original creations “Dragon” and “ An ordinary miracle"(at first banned from production) forever entered the treasury of Soviet literature.

The poetic works of the genre also include the fairy tales of Korney Chukovsky: “The Tsokotukha Fly”, “Moidodyr”, “Barmaley”, “Aibolit”, “Cockroach”. To this day, they are the most widely read poetic fairy tales in Russia for children of all ages. Instructive and daring, brave and monstrous images and characters of the heroes are recognizable from the first lines. What about Marshak’s poems and Kharms’ delightful creativity? What about Zakhoder, Moritz and Kurlat? It is impossible to list them all in this rather short article.

Modern evolution of the genre

You could say that the genre literary fairy tale evolved from folklore, in a sense exploiting its plots and characters. So at present, many Russian fairy tale writers are evolving into science fiction writers, giving birth to good works in fashionable style fantasy. Such authors probably include Yemets, Gromyko, Lukyanenko, Fry, Oldie and many others. This is a worthy successor to previous generations of authors of literary fairy tales.