In Lermontov's poem "Mtsyri" as romantic hero shows a young man who escaped from the monastery. The author develops in his work the ideas of protest and courage. Mikhail Yuryevich almost completely excluded from his creation the love motif that played big role in his poem "Confession". This motif in “Mtsyri” was reflected only in the fleeting meeting of the protagonist with a Georgian woman, which took place near a mountain stream.
Defeating the impulse of his young heart, Mtsyri renounces personal happiness for the sake of the ideal of freedom. In the poem, the patriotic idea is inextricably linked with the theme of freedom. This is also observed in the works of the Decembrist poets. Mikhail Yuryevich does not share these concepts. In his work, thirst for will and love for the Fatherland merge into “fiery passion”. Mtsyri is very attractive as a romantic hero. The plan for analyzing this character must include his relationship to the monastery. This is what we will talk about now.
Mtsyri's relationship to the monastery
The monastery for our hero is a prison. The cells seem stuffy to him, and the walls seem dull and gloomy. The monk guards appear to the main character as pitiful and cowardly, and he himself - as a prisoner and slave. The impulse for freedom is determined by his desire to find out why we were born into the world, “for freedom or prison.” For the young man, his will turns out to be the few days he spent in the world after escaping from the monastery. He lived outside the blank walls life to the fullest, and did not vegetate. The hero calls the time. It is during the days spent in freedom that the image of Mtsyri is fully revealed. As a romantic hero, he manifests himself behind the walls of the monastery.
Patriotism of the protagonist
The freedom-loving patriotism of the main character is least similar to the love of expensive graves and beautiful native landscapes, although Mtsyri yearns for them. He truly loves his Fatherland and wants to fight for its freedom. With undoubted sympathy, Mikhail Yuryevich sings of these youthful dreams. The work does not fully reveal the aspirations of the main character, but in hints they are quite palpable. The young man remembers his acquaintances and his father mainly as warriors. It is no coincidence that this hero dreams of battles in which he is victorious. It is not for nothing that his dreams draw him into the world of battles and anxieties.
Character of the main character
Mtsyri as a romantic hero is shown to be brave and courageous. He himself is convinced that “in the land of his fathers” he could be one of the “dares”. And although this hero was not destined to experience the rapture of battle, he is a true warrior by nature. More from youth Mtsyri was distinguished by stern restraint. Proud of this, the hero says that he has never known tears. Only during his escape does the young man give free rein to his tears, since no one can see them. The will of the protagonist was strengthened by loneliness within the monastery walls. It is no coincidence that it was on a stormy night that Mtsyri decided to escape: the fearful monks were frightened by the rampant elements, but not this young man. Before the thunderstorm, all he had was a feeling of brotherhood.
The resilience and masculinity of a young man
Mtsyri's fortitude and masculinity are manifested with greatest force in the episode of the battle with the leopard. The grave did not frighten him, since he understood that returning to the monastery would be a continuation of suffering. The tragic ending created by the author shows that the hero’s spirit does not weaken due to the approach of death. His freedom-loving patriotism does not disappear in front of her. Mtsyri is not forced to repent by the monk’s exhortations. He says that he would trade eternity and paradise again for a few minutes spent among loved ones. It is not Mtsyri’s fault that the circumstances could not be overcome, and he could not join the ranks of the fighters. The hero tried in vain to argue with his fate. He was defeated, but not broken internally. Mtsyri is positive hero Russian literature. His integrity, masculinity, and courage were a reproach to the inactive and fearful representatives of the noble society contemporary with Lermontov.
The role of landscape in revealing character
The Caucasian landscape serves to reveal the image of the young man from the poem "Mtsyri". Like a romantic hero, despising his surroundings, he feels kinship only with nature. Having grown up within the walls of a monastery, he compares himself to a greenhouse leaf. Having broken free, he raises his head along with the flowers at sunrise. Being a child of nature, Mtsyri falls to the ground and, like the hero of fairy tales, learns the secret of the prophetic chirping of birds, the riddles of their songs. He understands the thoughts of those separated rocks eager to meet, arguing with the stones of the stream. The young man’s gaze is sharpened: he notices how the leopard’s fur shimmers with silver, how the snake’s scales glisten, he sees a pale stripe between earth and sky and the jagged teeth of distant mountains. Mtsyri, as the romantic hero of the poem, thinks that through the blue sky he could see the flight of angels.
Traditions of romanticism and new features of Lermontov’s poem
Of course, Mikhail Yuryevich’s poem continues the traditions of romanticism. This is evidenced, in particular, by central image works. Full of fiery passions, Mtsyri, as a romantic hero, lonely and gloomy, reveals his soul in a confessional story. In this, Mikhail Yuryevich followed tradition. All this is typical of romanticism. Nevertheless, Lermontov, who wrote his poem during the years when he was working on the realistic work “Hero of Our Time,” introduced into “Mtsyri” features that were not characteristic of his earlier poems. Indeed, the past of the heroes of “Boyar Orsha” and “Confession” remains unknown to us. We do not know what social conditions influenced the development of their characters. And in the work “Mtsyri” we find lines that the protagonist’s childhood and adolescence were unhappy. This helps us gain a deeper understanding of his thoughts and experiences. It should also be noted that the form of confession, so characteristic of poems in the style of romanticism, is associated with the desire to “tell the soul,” that is, to reveal it as deeply as possible. Such detailing of experiences and the psychologism of the work are natural for Lermontov, since he simultaneously created a socio-psychological novel.
The combination in the confession of numerous metaphors of a romantic nature (images of flame, fire), with the poetically sparse and precise speech of the introduction, characteristic of realism, is very expressive. The poem begins with the lines: “Once upon a time, a Russian general...” The work, romantic in its form, indicated that realistic tendencies were becoming more and more distinct in Lermontov’s work.
Lermontov's innovation
So, we have revealed the topic “Mtsyri as a romantic hero”. Lermontov entered domestic literature as a successor of the Decembrist poets and the traditions of Pushkin. However, he also introduced something new into the development of Russian artistic expression.
Belinsky said that we can talk about the so-called Lermontov element. The critic explained that it means, first of all, “original living thought.” Of course, it is also felt in the creation of such an image as Mtsyri. This young man was briefly described by us as a romantic hero. You saw that the work also has some realistic features.
The poem "Mtsyri" is the fruit of an active and intense creative work Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov. Even in his youth, the poet’s imagination painted the image of a young man, on the threshold of death, delivering an angry, protesting speech to his listener - a senior monk. In the poem “Confession” (1830, the action takes place in Spain), the hero, imprisoned, proclaims the right to love, which is higher than monastic regulations. His passion for the Caucasus, the desire to depict situations in which the courageous character of the hero can be revealed most fully, leads Lermontov, at the time of the highest flowering of his talent, to create the poem “Mtsyri” (1840), repeating many poems from the previous stages of his work. over the same image. Belinsky V. G. Articles about Lermontov - M., 1986. - P. 85.
Before "Mtsyri" the poem "The Fugitive" was written. In it, Lermontov develops the theme of punishment for cowardice and betrayal. Brief story: a traitor to duty, forgetting about his homeland, Harun fled from the battlefield without taking revenge on his enemies for the death of his father and brothers. But neither a friend, nor a lover, nor a mother will accept the fugitive; even everyone will turn away from his corpse, and no one will take him to the cemetery. The poem called for heroism, for the fight for the freedom of the homeland. In the poem "Mtsyri" Lermontov develops the idea of courage and protest inherent in "Confession" and the poem "The Fugitive". In "Mtsyri" the poet almost completely excluded the love motive, which played such a significant role in "Confession" (the love of the hero-monk for a nun). This motive was reflected only in a brief meeting between Mtsyri and a Georgian woman near a mountain stream. Belskaya L.L. The motive of loneliness in Russian poetry: From Lermontov to Mayakovsky. - M.: Russian speech, 2001. - P. 163
The hero, defeating the involuntary impulse of a young heart, renounces personal happiness in the name of the ideal of freedom. The patriotic idea is combined in the poem with the theme of freedom, as in the works of the Decembrist poets. Lermontov does not share these concepts: love for the fatherland and thirst for will merge into one, but “fiery passion.” The monastery becomes a prison for Mtsyri, the cells seem stuffy to him, the walls seem gloomy and deaf, the monk guards seem cowardly and pitiful, and he himself seems like a slave and a prisoner. His desire to find out whether “we were born into this world for freedom or prison” is due to a passionate impulse for freedom. Short days to escape is his will. Only outside the monastery he lived, and did not vegetate. Only these days he calls bliss.
Mtsyri’s freedom-loving patriotism is least like a dreamy love for family beautiful scenery and dear graves, although the hero yearns for them too. It is precisely because he truly loves his homeland that he wants to fight for the freedom of his homeland. But at the same time, the poet with undoubted sympathy sings of the warlike dreams of the young man. The poem does not fully reveal the hero’s aspirations, but they are palpable in hints. Mtsyri remembers his father and acquaintances first of all as warriors; It’s no coincidence that he dreams of battles in which he... wins, it is not for nothing that his dreams draw him into the “wonderful world of worries and battles.” He is convinced that he could be “in the land of his fathers, not the last of the daredevils.” Although fate did not allow Mtsyri to experience the rapture of battle, with all the structure of his feelings he is a warrior. He was distinguished by his stern restraint even from his childhood. The young man, proud of this, says: “Do you remember, in my childhood I never knew tears.” He gives vent to tears only during his escape, because no one sees them. Belinsky V.G. Articles about Lermontov. - M., 1986. - P. 98
The tragic loneliness in the monastery strengthened Mtsyri's will. It is no coincidence that he fled from the monastery on a stormy night: what frightened the fearful monks filled his heart with a feeling of brotherhood with the thunderstorm. Mtsyri's courage and fortitude are most clearly demonstrated in the battle with the leopard. He was not afraid of the grave, because he knew; returning to the monastery is a continuation of previous suffering. Tragic ending indicates that the approach of death does not weaken the spirit of the hero and the power of his freedom-loving patriotism. The old monk's admonitions do not make him repent. Even now he would “exchange paradise and eternity” for a few minutes of life among his loved ones (poems that displeased the censorship). It was not his fault if he failed to join the ranks of the fighters for what he considered his sacred duty: the circumstances turned out to be insurmountable, and he “argued with fate” in vain. Defeated, he is not spiritually broken and remains a positive image of our literature, and his masculinity, integrity, heroism were a reproach to the fragmented hearts of fearful and inactive contemporaries from the noble society. The Caucasian landscape is introduced into the poem mainly as a means of revealing the image of the hero. Blagoy D.D. Lermontov and Pushkin: Life and work of M.Yu. Lermontov.- M., 1941. - P. 35
Despising his surroundings, Mtsyri feels only a kinship with nature. Imprisoned in a monastery, he compares himself to a pale, typical leaf growing between damp slabs. Having broken free, he, along with the sleepy flowers, raises his head when the east turns rich. A child of nature, he falls to the ground and learns how fairy tale hero, the mystery of bird songs, the mysteries of their prophetic chirping. He understands the dispute between the stream and the stones, the thought of separated rocks yearning to meet. His gaze is sharpened: he notices the shine of snake scales and the shimmer of silver on the leopard’s fur, he sees the jagged teeth of distant mountains and the pale stripe “between dark sky and the earth,” it seems to him that his “diligent gaze” could follow the flight of angels through the transparent blue sky. (The verse of the poem also corresponds to the character of the hero). Lermontov’s poem continues the traditions of advanced romanticism, Mtsyri, full of fiery passions, gloomy and lonely, revealing his “soul” in a confessional story, is perceived as the hero of romantic poems.
However, Lermontov, who created “Mtsyri” in those years when the realistic novel “Hero of Our Time” was also being created, introduces features into his work that are not present in his earlier poems. If the past of the heroes of "Confession" and "Boyar Orsha" remains completely unknown, and we do not know those social conditions, which shaped their characters, then the lines about Mtsyri’s unhappy childhood and fatherland help to better understand the hero’s experiences and thoughts. The very form of confession, characteristic of romantic poems, is associated with the desire to reveal deeper - to “tell the soul.” This psychologism of the work and the detailing of the hero’s experiences are natural for the poet, who at the same time was creating a socio-psychological novel. An expressive combination of abundant metaphors romantic in nature in the confession itself (images of fire, fervor) with a realistically accurate and poetically sparse introduction. ("Once upon a time a Russian general...") Belinsky V.G. Articles about Lermontov. - M., 1986. - P. 85 - 126
The romantic poem testified to the growth of realistic tendencies in Lermontov’s work. Lermontov entered Russian literature as a successor to the traditions of Pushkin and the Decembrist poets, and at the same time as a new link in the chain of development national culture. According to Belinsky, he contributed to national literature his own, “Lermontov element”. Briefly explaining what should be included in this definition, the critic as the first characteristic feature creative heritage the poet noted the “original living thought” in his poems. Belinsky repeated: “Everything breathes with original and creative thought.” Russian literature of the 19th century: Large educational reference book. M.: Bustard, 2004. - P. 325
- a work written by Lermontov. It introduces us to the young novice Mtsyri, who was imprisoned within the walls of the monastery against his will. This monastery became captivity for the freedom-loving resident of Georgia.
Mtsyri romantic hero essay
Expanding the topic, one should answer in general about who exactly in the literature of the turn of the 19th century could be considered a romantic hero. This is a man with unusual fate, a man with sincere and high feelings, who could be a rebel against the prevailing circumstances. This is a person endowed best qualities human character, a person with a bright soul.
What features of a romantic hero are inherent in Mtsyri and why is Mtsyri a romantic hero?
Getting acquainted with the work and its hero, who finds himself in a world alien to him, in a world of obedience and prohibitions while the guy’s soul demands freedom, we are every time convinced that Mtsyri is the hero - a romantic. He is endowed with determination, courage, courage. There are no or very few romantic moments in the work itself. For example, we see only one meeting of the hero with unknown girl when his heart began to beat faster. The poem is still written in the spirit of romanticism, and Mtsyri is the romantic hero of the poem, who could not live in captivity and fled from the monastery. I escaped and only in freedom saw all the beauty of the world around me and was able to breathe deeply. Some three days of wandering seemed to him like eternity and paradise. The meeting with the leopard, where the young man faced the animal in a duel, did not frighten him, because it was outside the monastery that he found the freedom he desired.
It is a pity that Mtsyri could not find his way home, and after three days of wandering he again found himself within the walls of the monastery. It's a shame that our hero dies. But I am glad that he was able to achieve his goal, and his death was only the final release from prison. Mtsyri became free forever.
Romanticism is one of the main literary trends XIX century. The main thing in romanticism is the spiritual, creative formation of a personality striving for an ideal through fictional events, against the backdrop of raging emotional passions. Mtsyri’s poem is one of the brightest works of Russian romanticism.
Lermontov deviated from the canons of classicism and introduced free compositional structure works. The action of the poem does not take place in one place, in one day and by the same persons. The poem covers three days of Mtsyri’s life, change of landscapes, background, escape, meeting a Georgian woman, fight with a leopard, return, confession. The main principles of classicism are violated, therefore the poem - this is a vivid work of romanticism.
The basis of the work of romanticism is the conflict between real world and a fictional, ideal world. The real world of Mtsyri is a monastery, his prison, and he is yearning for freedom, not knowing what it is, but dreaming about it.
Mtsyri's conflict is his isolation from the real world where he lives and dreams about fictional world freedom where he has never been.
Dramatic plot - main character lonely and unhappy, the desire for an ideal leads to the tragedy of a strong personality. Mtsyri dreams of freedom, he strives for a fictional world, for him the ideal is his native place, the memory of them, but in reality he is a prisoner imprisoned in a monastery. Fighter, a strong personality dies - this is the tragedy of Mtsyri.
The use of bright, emotional means of artistic expression that convey human passions. Lermontov uses vivid epithets that convey state of mind Mtsyri personifies nature with a living being, metaphors describing the monastery, the state of a monk, after Mtsyri’s confession, comparisons give us an image of the young man’s passion.
The author's attitude to reality is expressed through the main character-rebel. Mtsyri is the hero-rebel, striving for freedom. He is a prisoner of the soul, but his spirit breaks out and he finds peace. We see everything that happens through the eyes of a young man, we feel nature, passion, pain ,disappointment through the feelings of a young man.
Feelings come first, the denial of rationality, reasonableness, against the backdrop of natural phenomena. Mtsyri’s mind is captivated by the idea of freedom, he is a prisoner of his dreams. Passions rage against the backdrop of nature, thunderstorm, night, heaven, wind-violence of the elements, as an expression of Mtsyri’s feelings. the escape is unreasonable, he loses his way and returns back to prison, but his mind is silent, he is driven by a soul thirsting for freedom.
The confession of the fugitive is shocking; three days made the young man truly free. His rebellious spirit escaped from the body of a submissive captive. Mtsyri is a real child of nature, he is eager for freedom. The discovery that he returned to where he fled from kills the love of freedom of the young highlander. Mtsyri surrenders , his spirit is broken. But he is happy, he saw as much in three years as he had never seen in his entire life.
Mtsyri's life is short, three days of freedom and finding peace. Mtsyri dies in harmony with himself, his spirit is free, his grave looks at the mountains of his native Caucasus, the wind shakes the acacia trees and brings the sounds of his distant homeland.
