Decorating a folk art corner in a kindergarten. Pedagogical project on folk culture in the senior group

Albina Bezrukova

Purpose of the exhibition:

To form children’s ideas about traditions and life Russian people; awakening interest in one of the most beautiful pages of human life, nurturing an aesthetic sense, developing emotional perception and artistic taste.

Considering that interest in understanding, strengthening and active promotion of national cultural traditions, chose the topic of her work “Formation of children’s knowledge about culture and life Russian people" I considered it necessary to start by introducing children to the culture, way of life and traditions Russian people, since from communication with parents it turned out that many of them cannot talk about the life of our ancestors and what household items they used, they do not know Russians folk tales , nursery rhymes, tongue twisters.

Tasks:

I have identified the following in working with children: tasks:

1 Introduce children to the peculiarities of life and everyday life Russian people.

2 Give an idea of ​​the wise science of construction Russian hut, the traditional purpose and use of each part of the hut, its everyday and festive decoration; Russian costume.

3 Give an idea of ​​traditional character traits Russian person: hospitality, hard work, kindness, respect for elders.

4 To help, through acquaintance with the hut, to understand the fairy tale, to reveal some unfamiliar aspects of the life of a village person to a child living in modern urban conditions.

5 Instill in the child an interest and love for the history, culture, customs and traditions of their people, and cultivate patriotic feelings.

6 Instill love for native nature, the desire to cherish and protect its beauty.

7 Expand and activate children’s vocabulary through native Russian words and concepts, instill a love of beauty and wisdom Russian speech.

The main directions of our work:

1. Creating an atmosphere of national life - creating an interior Russian hut"Upper Room"

Everyone knows that surrounding objects have a great influence on the formation of a child’s mental qualities - they develop curiosity, cultivate a sense of beauty. We decided that the children should be surrounded by objects characteristic of Russian folk life. This will allow children from an early age to feel like they are part of a great nation.

We tried to recreate the main details and setting Russian hut, conveying the spirit and atmosphere Russian life. In our room there is a samovar, a cast iron pot, a grip, wooden spoons and bowls, an iron, a comb, a spindle, a ruble, a rocker, embroidered tablecloths, napkins and other household items, and there are also exhibitions « Russian folk costume» , "People's toys", national embroidery, knitting, weaving, folk patterns trades: "Khokhloma", "Gestures", "Gorodets".

With what interest the children looked at the antiques.

Children enjoyed using folk items in role-playing games and playing didactic folk games, looked at illustrations, drew, sculpted and much more.

Publications on the topic:

Lesson-excursion “Russian hut” Topic: “Russian hut”. Objectives: - continue to form an idea of ​​​​the appearance of the Russian village; - generalize and systematize ideas.

It is necessary to introduce children to the origins of Russian folk culture from childhood. We often forget about our roots, we don’t know our customs and folk traditions.

I would like to offer you a photograph of a Russian hut. This hut was not created in one day. It was needed as a setting for a Russian folk tale.

I made a mini-museum based on a magnetic board in the shape of a house. I glued a magnetic board onto cardboard, glued windows, a roof, and a pipe. All details.

Hello dear colleagues! I present to your attention the museum of our kindergarten. Our museum is a small room in kindergarten. Now.

Here is a beautiful hut - it is full of warmth. There is a bench by the window, a spinning wheel lies on it. Just say chok-chok-chok and the chest opens! Full.

Corner folk art

for children and parents

Joint workshop between children and parents

Name the objects. What do they have in common?

Russia is a country of forests. Here huts were made from wood. Carts and sleighs were made for transportation. The most common peasant shoes in the past - bast shoes - were woven from linden bark. The children played with wooden toys.

Scarlet silk handkerchief,

Bright sundress with flowers,

Hand rests

On wooden sides.

And there are secrets inside:

Maybe three, maybe six.

Got a little flushed

This is Russian (Matryoshka)

Slide 2: Unique Russian toy. Together with the Russian birch tree and the Russian samovar, it became a symbol of Russia.

The Russian nesting doll is a kind messenger of friendship and love. She is the soul of Russia.

Indeed, in the old days in Rus' this wonderful bright doll was called Matryona, and affectionately Matryoshka.

Slide 3: Where and how did this miracle come from?

The most popular Russian wooden doll in the world appeared in Russia in the 90s years XIX century in the Abramtsevo estate near Moscow, owned by S.I. Mamontov.

Slide 6: One day, a Japanese toy brought from the island of Honshu by the wife of S.I. Mamontov came to the estate.
It was a figure of a good-natured bald old man, the sage Fukurumu, in which there were several more figures nested one inside the other. The Japanese, by the way, claim that a Russian monk was the first to carve such a toy on the island of Honshu. This toy was the prototype of our matryoshka doll

(After slide 8)

A GAME: mix up two sets of nesting dolls and ask the children to sort them or line them up in pairs.

And wooden utensils speak of big role in the life of the Russian people.

Slide 9: The tale begins not about us, not about you, but about a wonderful drawing of magic grass.

Slide 10: They say that in ancient times there lived a master icon painter in Moscow. The king highly valued his skill and generously rewarded him for his work. The master loved his craft, but most of all he loved free life, and therefore one day he secretly left the royal court and moved to the deep Kerzhen forests.
He built himself a hut and began to do the same thing. He dreamed of an art that would become familiar to everyone, like a simple Russian song, and that beauty would be reflected in it native land. This is how the first Khokhloma cups appeared, decorated with lush flowers and thin branches.
The fame of the great master spread throughout the land.
People came from everywhere to admire his skill. Many people built huts here and settled nearby.
Finally, the master’s fame reached the formidable sovereign, and he ordered a detachment of archers to find the fugitive and bring him. But popular rumor flew faster than the archers’ feet. The master learned about his misfortune, gathered his fellow villagers and revealed to them the secrets of his craft. And in the morning, when the royal envoys entered the village, everyone saw the miracle artist’s hut burning with a bright flame. The hut burned down, and no matter how they looked for the master himself, he was nowhere to be found. Only its colors remained on the ground, which seemed to have absorbed both the heat of the flame and the blackness of the ashes.
The master disappeared, but his skill did not disappear, and Khokhloma colors still burn with a bright flame, reminding everyone of the happiness of freedom, and of the heat of love for people, and of the thirst for beauty. Apparently, the master’s brush was not simple - a brush made of sun rays.
Such is the legend. They always tell it a little differently, and everyone who is curious can read it in collections of legends and fairy tales of the Nizhny Novgorod region. Like any legend, there is a lot of fiction in it, but its truth is that great skill and great art are preserved only when they are passed from hand to hand, from teacher to student. This is what happened with Khokhloma.

It is curious that Khokhloma is not the birthplace of crafts, but a village where the first craftsmen brought their products from ancient Trans-Volga villages - Novopokrovskoye, Kuligino, Semino.

Let's admire the products of Khokhloma masters.(look at the products in the museum)

How are these products made that come into our homes to delight us?

Slide 11: The process of making Khokhloma dishes.

1. Preparation. Wooden utensils are turned on a lathe or hollowed out from well-dried wood. Such blanks are called “linen”. Ready product dry well.

2. Primer. After drying, the product is primed: clay diluted with water to a liquid state is rubbed into the linen using a rag in a very thin layer. Dry for several hours.

3. Impregnation with linseed oil, drying.

4. Drying. Cover with 4 layers of drying oil, the 4th layer is the thickest, dry in an oven at a temperature of 50-60 degrees.

5. Tinning - tin or aluminum powder is rubbed into the product, it acquires a beautiful white-mirror shine. Drying.

6. Painting. All elements of painting are performed immediately with a brush, without preliminary pencil drawing. The brush must be held at its very base and placed vertically to the plane of the drawing. Almost all painting of products is done by weight. The product is held with the virgin hand, and the painting is performed with the right hand. Right hand remains without support, and only occasionally can you touch the product with your little finger outstretched.

7. Treatment. The painted and dried product is coated with oil varnish and hardened in an oven at a temperature of 270 -300 degrees. Under the influence of temperature, the varnish turns yellow, and the product acquires a golden color. To obtain a more saturated golden color, the varnishing operation can be repeated several times.

Let's take a closer look at Khokhloma's products. What kind of ornament do artists use?

What are the main colors in the painting? I invite you today to immerse yourself in the world......

Slide 12: Herbal ornament or “grass”.

This is typical for all of Khokhloma

Wonderful drawing of magic grass.

“Sedges” are the simplest element. It is performed by lightly moving the tip of the brush from top to bottom.

“Blanks of grass” are strokes with a slight smooth thickening.

“Droplets” are performed by applying a brush to the product.

The “antennae” is depicted as a continuous line of equal thickness, twisted into a spiral.

“Curls” are performed like “antennae”, only with light pressure in the middle of the element.

Slide 13: Criul

Simple in form, but pleasing to the eye.

The wonderful pattern is rich and elegant.

On the gold background with an intricate snake

The ornament curls here - try it!

Slide 14: Leaves

For a long time in Rus', images of flowering bushes and fruits were considered a wish for goodness, prosperity and happiness.

Slide 15: Khokhloma artists call the berries affectionately, and the same master will never paint them the same way.

Slide 16: Currant and rowan berries are drawn with a “poke” or a “frog” (a piece of sheep’s wool wrapped around a stick) (cotton swabs)

Pedagogical project

“Introducing children to the origins of folk art through the organization of artistic, productive and creative activities”

"Masters of the Russian Land"

teacher of MBDOU No. 3, Proletarsk

Project passport.

Project name: “Masters of the Russian Land.”

Educational areas: social-communicative, cognitive, speech development, artistic and aesthetic.

Type of project: group, creative.

Project implementation period: 2017-2018 academic year. year

Project focus: comprehensive ( different types children's play activities).

Project type: developmental.

Duration: long-term, intended for older children preschool age(5-6 years)

Project participants: children, teachers, parents.

The fundamental principles for the implementation of the project are the principles of the federal state educational standard for preschool education:

· support for childhood diversity; preserving the uniqueness and value of childhood as important stage V general development person;

· personal developmental and humanistic nature of interaction between adults and children;

· respect for the child’s personality;

· implementation of the program in forms specific to children of this age group, primarily in the form of play, cognitive and research activities, in the form of creative activity that ensures the artistic and aesthetic development of the child.

Relevance of the project

Raising a citizen and patriot who knows and loves his homeland is a particularly urgent task today cannot be successfully solved without a deep knowledge of the spiritual wealth of one’s people and the development of folk culture. Folk art - this unclouded source of beauty, will leave a deep imprint on a child’s soul and arouse lasting interest. Many crafts have already been forgotten, much has been lost, and our task is to remember, to revive these losses, so that our children can see and know what their ancestors were capable of.

Folk art, as art in general, is multifunctional and one of its functions is educational. Folk art contains great educational opportunities, which have not yet been fully realized.

Inclusion of the child in different kinds artistic activity, based on folk art material, is one of the main conditions for the full aesthetic education of a child and the development of his artistic and creative abilities.

Visual activities It has great importance for the comprehensive education and development of preschool children. In the process of visual activity they are brought up best features character: hard work, perseverance, ability to finish a job, a friendly attitude towards comrades when expressing value judgments about one’s own and their work. Meeting art, teaching children to see the beauty in life and art, the active creative activity of each child, the joy of the consciousness of beauty - all this affects the mind, soul, will of a growing person, enriches his spiritual world.

Decorative and applied art is one of the factors in the harmonious development of personality. Through communication with folk art, the child’s soul and love for his homeland are enriched.

Russian folk arts and crafts are an integral part of national culture. They embody the centuries-old experience of aesthetic perception, looking to the future, and preserve deep artistic traditions that reflect the originality of the cultures of multinational Russia.

It is folk art, due to its specificity, that contributes to a deep impact on the child’s world, has moral, aesthetic, educational value. We need to teach the little citizen of our Motherland kindness, patience, the ability to help others, that is, to cultivate in them those moral qualities, which many adults today lack. The question is how and by what methods to educate. I chose the path that seemed to me the most correct - introducing children to our traditions - Russian folk traditions, raising them on the rich material of the history of our people. And for this there is no better way than introducing children to the skills of folk craftsmen and folk crafts. This allows our children to feel part of the Russian people, to feel pride in their Motherland, rich in glorious traditions.

Project relevance factors:

This is the goal modern education, which educates and develops the child’s personality directly educational activities in preschool educational institution;

This is the study of folk paintings, which contributes to the aesthetic education and development of preschool children;

This is painting classes that have a psychotherapeutic effect on children: self-confidence, calmness, a feeling of joy, a sense of security.

Project goal: Formation of national memory through acquaintance with ancient holidays, traditions, folklore, arts and crafts, arts and crafts.

• Create a system of work to introduce children to the origins of Russian folk culture through artistic, productive and creative activities.
• Create conditions for children to independently reflect their acquired knowledge and skills.
• To cultivate interest and love for Russian national culture, folk art, customs, traditions, rituals, the folk calendar, folk games, etc.
• Use all types of folklore (fairy tales, songs, nursery rhymes, chants, proverbs, sayings, riddles, round dances), since folklore is the richest source of educational and moral development children.
• Involve parents in the educational process through Russian folk outdoor games, familiarization with calendar holidays, their customs and traditions.

Project implementation stages:

Stage I (analytical): September 2017

Justification of the relevance of the project

Definition of the system, directions, goals and objectives

Selection of methodological and pedagogical literature, benefits, attributes

Drawing up an action plan

Carrying out monitoring

Parent survey.

Stage II (organizational): October 2017

Development of GCD for the cognitive cycle, scenarios for holidays and entertainment

Selection didactic material, didactic games based on folklore; making card files - chants, proverbs, sayings, signs, folk games; fiction

Selection and production of costumes, crafts and souvenirs

Work with teachers: consultations, master classes, open demonstrations of educational activities, speeches, recommendations.

Working with children: conversations, educational activities of the cognitive cycle, theatrical activities, holding holidays and entertainment, organizing project activities in corners (cognitive and playful, artistic, musical), acquaintance with antiques, decorative and applied arts, master classes, didactic games

Working with parents: consultations, conversations, days open doors, participation in holidays, entertainment, master classes, preparation of recommendations, information stand, booklets, surveys

IV stage (final): May 2018

Analysis of achieving goals and results obtained

Practical and theoretical seminar, consultation on the project topic

Execution by teachers and parents of joint creative works and benefits

Holding an exhibition joint work parents and children

Questioning of parents “On introducing children to the origins of Russian folk culture”

Generalization of experience on the project topic in the form of a presentation.

History of the project

I have been working on this topic for the second year, starting from middle group. At first it was very difficult for the children - they did not understand ancient names household items, elements of painting, but with each new activity the children became more and more involved, showed interest, and waited for new discoveries for themselves. I choose different forms of work: a journey into a fairy tale, becoming a master artist, an excursion to a pottery workshop. So, I begin my acquaintance with each new type of folk craft by watching a computer presentation, from which children learn the history of the origin of a particular type artistic painting, its patterns and elements, colors used, drawing techniques, products with this type of painting.

You can introduce children to folk and decorative arts through almost all types of activities. In work on Russian folk art in all types of activities, one can supplement musical education. You will also get acquainted with folklore, customs, rituals, folk holidays and folk music. Undoubtedly, children’s speech develops, as the children learn many new words, learn folklore by heart, and words for folk outdoor games. So in the middle group, the children got acquainted with the folk holiday “Maslenitsa”, memorized chants and spring songs. I introduced the guys to Orthodox holiday"Easter", after which they painted Easter Egg. The children got acquainted with the holiday "Nativity of Christ", learned the history of the holiday, its traditions, and learned how they celebrate in other countries. In addition, we played folk games: “Bubble”, “Cap”, “Vanya Walks”, “Zainka” and many others.

The people showed their creative aspirations and abilities only in the creation of objects necessary in work and everyday life. Folk craftsmen They didn’t literally copy nature. Reality, colored by fantasy, gave rise to original rituals. This is how fabulously beautiful paintings on spinning wheels and dishes, patterns in lace and embroidery, and fancy toys were born. Considering folk art as a basis national culture, it is very important to introduce children to it.

This is how the idea of ​​creating the “Masters of the Russian Land” project in the preparatory group was born.

Children acquire visual standards of beauty through viewing and examining folk objects. decorative and applied art (Gzhel, Dymka, Gorodets, Zhostovo, Kargopol painting and our native, Semikarakorsk). Each new acquaintance with folk crafts is planned to be accompanied by a creative approach: “arrange fairs”, “visit a master”, “decorate a hut”, “make gifts for dear guests”, “arrange a museum of crafts”. Children become “potters, artisans”, sculpt and paint household items, animals, clothes, and hats. Such artistic and creative activity forms in children not only emotional positive attitude to objects of aesthetic content, but also a variety of artistic and creative abilities. Pupils master techniques folk painting, modeling from clay, dough.

Works on folk art carried out in an integrated form as in joint activities(game, leisure, walk, routine moments), and in the classroom.

Folklore holidays:

Bright, accessible and popular form introducing children to folk traditions is a folklore holiday - a ritual. Through gaming fun, a joyful atmosphere of modern leisure and holiday communication between children is created, and the use of specific artistic means(declamatory - speech, song, dance - gaming folklore, mummers, folk paraphernalia) sets children up for a natural and positive perception of the general festive action. Calendar holidays, (“Autumn”, “Christmas carols”, “Maslenitsa”, etc.), traditionally repeated from year to year, teach children to be aware of ritual canons and rules.

Each child, doing what he could, what he already knew, what he had learned, participates in traditional activities. The saturation of folk holidays with creative improvisations, surprise moments stimulates children's interest, enhances their impressions and experiences, enriches artistic and aesthetic perception. And most importantly, it ensures natural familiarization of children with national traditions, affirms fundamental, spiritual and aesthetic values ​​in their minds.

Russian folk games attract attention not only as a genre of oral folk art, they contain enormous potential for physical development child. Games develop dexterity, speed of movement, strength, and accuracy. Learned counting rhymes and tongue twisters make the game process more interesting and exciting.

Interaction with parents.

Particular attention is paid to strengthening ties with parents. Joint participation in creative activities helps unite the family and fill its leisure time with new content. Creating conditions for joint creative activity, the combination of individual and collective creativity of children and parents contributes to the unity of teachers, parents and children, which forms a positive attitude towards each other. Parents become active participants pedagogical process: they take part in making attributes for mini-museums, in decorating the group, in replenishing the development environment, and participate in projects.

Creating a subject-development environment

One of the conditions for successfully solving problems is the creation of a subject-development environment that promotes the accumulation of information: the groups are replenished with dressing up corners, theater, music, art corners, and game corners.

The innovation of the project is the creation of mini-museums, “Museum of Folk Toys”

"Matryoshka Museum"

"Museum of Russian Life"

"Museum of Folk Art"

A special feature of museums is that they present objects telling about the life of the Russian people, small exhibitions are presented that introduce children to the history and variety of folk toys, the history of the matryoshka doll, elements of Russian costume, and the products of masters of the Russian land. Children show interest in everything that is in museums.

To replenish subject matter - spatial environment Also used are reproductions of paintings and illustrations from children's books on the topic "Folk Applied Art", albums with painting samples, albums depicting folk crafts, coloring books by theme, sculptures of small forms (clay toys, wooden utensils)

Visual materials: paints, pencils, felt-tip pens, wax crayons, chalk for drawing on a blackboard, brushes, pokes, plasticine, stacks, modeling boards, colored paper, scissors, glue, palettes.

Expected result:

Kindergarten students:
- Know the types of folk crafts and their distinctive abilities

Use the attributes of Russian folk culture in independent activities.
- They know how to play Russian folk outdoor games,

They have a rich store of knowledge of fairy tales and fairy-tale heroes, are able to recognize them in works visual arts.
- Children participate meaningfully and actively in Russian folk holidays (they know the name of the holiday, sing songs, perform ditties, read poetry).

Treat household items and works of decorative folk art with care.
Parents:
-an active parental position is formed;
- the competence of parents in matters of Russian national culture increases;
- parents actively participate in the life of the kindergarten.

Folk art, like art in general, is multifunctional, and one of the functions is educational, because it summarizes ideas about beauty, aesthetic ideals and the wisdom of the people, which are passed on from generation to generation. It all starts from childhood, and we hope that in a few years we will not have to talk about the immorality and lack of spirituality of our children - those who came into contact with magical world art. A Russian proverb says: “A drop wears away a stone.”

Calendar planning of educational activities for the inclusion of preschoolers
senior mixed age group
to the origins of folk culture for 2017-2018

Used Books:

1. “Approximate general educational program for preschool education “From birth to school”, edited by N. E. Veraksa, T. S. Komarova, M. A. Vasilyeva (MOSAIKASINTEZ Publishing House Moscow, 2014)

2. Partial program “Introducing children to the origins of Russian folk culture” O.L. Knyazeva, M.D. Makhaneva St. Petersburg Publishing house. "Childhood - Press" 2015

3. I.A. Lykova “Art activities in kindergarten. Senior and preparatory group for school” Publishing House “Tsvetnoy Mir” Moscow 2017

4. T.S. Komarova “Art activities in kindergarten. Middle group" Ed. “Mosaic - synthesis” Moscow 2014

Svetlana Isaeva

Childhood is a flourishing period in a person’s life. Children react very sensitively to every word spoken by adults. Therefore, the task of adults is to instill in children a love of beauty, to develop in children a sense of patriotism for the Motherland and native origins.

Young children should be approached with the simplest and most accessible to them. Therefore in our folk art corner household items have found their place (made using papier mache technique), painted under Khokhloma and Gzhel.

Of great importance in a child’s life is folk toy. Bright, unusual toys activate independent activity child, they also play a big role in aesthetic education, create a positive emotional microclimate, form a positive attitude towards environment. Together with the children, we made toys from plasticine.

Having rolled them in flour, the children painted them based on Russian folk art - Dymkovo, Gorodets and Bogorodsk paintings.

In addition to these crafts in our corner Kuvadka dolls are presented.

Publications on the topic:

When implementing the project on moral and patriotic education “Russian folk art is the basis for the formation of patriotic feelings.

The goals of creating the museum are to introduce children to folk crafts, deepen and expand knowledge about the culture of the Russian people, and cultivate respect.

To be a patriot means to feel like an integral part of the Fatherland. This complex feeling arises even in preschool childhood, when it is formed.

Project “The Wealth of Russian Folk Art” Project for the middle group “The Wealth of Russian Folk Art” Type of project: educational - patriotic, creative, short-term.

Project in the junior mixed-age group “Development of children’s speech through oral folk art” Project in the younger mixed-age group: “Development of children’s speech through oral folk art.” Prepared and conducted by: Mishchenko.

Oral folk art in scientific literature is called Russian folklore, Russian oral folklore. They exist in folk art.

Creative project “Russian Folk Art Week” Video“The beauty of music has its source in the beauty of the surrounding world. Let the child feel beauty and admire it, even in his heart.

Currently, more and more kindergarten teachers are noticing a lag in speech development in children 3-4 years old. Children have difficulty mastering sound.

Lyubov Shchukina

When implementing a project on moral and patriotic education " Russian folk art- the basis for the formation of patriotic feelings and universal human values preschoolers" was held large-scale work. First, the basic techniques were learned folk painting: Khokhloma, Gzhel, Dymka, Filimonovskaya.

Secondly, it was decided to create folk corner- arts and crafts and involve parents in its creation. It should be noted that parents gladly responded to the proposal to create corner and took an active part in this. As a result, the parents' robots created a layout Russian hut. Over time, its interior enriched himself: ancient household items appeared in it - a rolling pin, a spinning wheel, a samovar, a well and others.

Thirdly, a whole exhibition of clay toys, made by hand and hand-painted, was created.

Now this exhibition decorates our group and is replenished with new items.

Thank you for your attention!

Publications on the topic:

One of the most famous and beloved Russian folk holidays is Maslenitsa. Participation is always welcome in our kindergarten.

Easter is a bright holiday of the resurrection of Christ. This holiday came to us from Byzantium along with Epiphany at the end of the 10th century. From then on.

Artistic and aesthetic development of preschool children through Russian folk art Artistic and aesthetic development presupposes the development of prerequisites for the value-semantic perception and understanding of works of art.

Mini-museum of folk arts and crafts. In our kindergarten, one of the annual tasks is “Introducing children to folklore.

Project “The Wealth of Russian Folk Art” Project for the middle group “The Wealth of Russian Folk Art” Type of project: educational - patriotic, creative, short-term.

Program to familiarize yourself with the basics of folk and decorative arts “Russian patterns” Ministry social development and family policy Krasnodar region State government institution of social services.

Man by nature is an artist. Everywhere, one way or another, he strives to bring beauty into his life... Beautiful things foster creativity.