• "Golden youth"- a common name for young people whose life and future were mainly arranged by their influential or highly paid parents, which is why it became easy and carefree, and they themselves became its burners. Without the support of their parents, they rarely become anything themselves.

• Close in meaning to the rougher “major”.

• The expression appeared in France, during the era of the Directory, as the name of certain groups of young people who served as an instrument of reactionary politics.

The most popular educational institutions among "majors".

• The most popular educational institution is still MGIMO. As the MGIMO students themselves claim, students in one of the most prestigious educational institutions in the country can be divided into several categories:

• Children of diplomats whose parents will help them make a career. Such boys and girls study in different ways, mostly well.

• Children and relatives of the business elite, who are already destined for good positions in large, successful corporations.

• Children without a pedigree, but with a head.

• The offspring of leaders of Russia and CIS countries, prominent politicians.

Representatives of Russian golden youth and their lifestyle.

Major is a lifestyle, a certain attitude. Knowledge, as we know, is power, and the major knows better than others that he is the “golden” child of “golden” parents. All this is in his important gait, and in his arrogant look, and mocking smile. His red Renault or black Lexus will never stop in the yard; they will always drive up to the main entrance. This is what he is all about - endlessly demonstrating himself and being impeccable.

• Impeccable in everything, even in the smallest things: majors write with the most expensive pens, their paper bills are tightly tucked into the most expensive wallets, and their clothes must have the most famous label on them. All this is like a seal: stylish, expensive, do not touch it with your hands.

• “Open your mouths, tear off your headdresses - On daddy’s Volgas there are major boys,” Yuri Shevchuk once sang. Since then, almost nothing has changed: if previously it was prestigious to drive a Volga, today the favorite of the “rich kids” may well be a Mercedes or BMW of the latest model.

The majors have their own party; there are no and cannot be unfamiliar faces here. Here, those who do not wear an Armani suit, Gucci shoes, Cartier watches and Chanel perfume are looked down upon, and people try not to communicate with them. Money is the main indicator of whether you can become a member of the party. At the same time, the topic of money itself is closed, but it is money that interests everyone the most. It is interesting not who, with whom and when, but for how much! How much did you tip the waiter, how much did you buy a dress or phone for, how much did your hair and manicure cost? Everyone around is talking about money: and it’s indecent expensive car, and a well-dressed companion, and coffee ordered at the bar.

• Representatives of the Russian Golden Youth. Vivid examples from opposite strata of society. Find 10 differences: Video

Ksenia Sobchak is one of the most famous socialites of the capital.

• Ksenia Sobchak is a socialite who casually changes men, diamonds and outfits.

• Ksyusha became the number 1 figure in the Moscow social scene, and this is virtually an impossible thing for people from other cities who have not been around here for 20 - 30 years. Ksyusha did it in four years. She is a physically strong girl, because to party, you need remarkable endurance: to be in time everywhere where it’s cool, to maintain the pace and at the same time look chic.

Parents are not chosen

• Majors, of course, have their own age: these are young people under twenty-five. They live off their parents, regularly visit fitness clubs, dine in restaurants, play bowling, and in the morning they take aspirin and complain of a headache from the alcohol they drank at the party the night before.

Wealthy parents can give their child all the best, without thinking at all about who will come out of it all. A spoiled child, accustomed from childhood to the fulfillment of any of his desires and whims. Majors consider themselves an elite, they are raised as an elite by secular circles of society. But often they behave in completely inappropriate ways.

• Many parents understand that a golden child is a good investment. All wealthy people try to invest in their own child. Private schools and universities are opening. Young people are taken abroad to study. This is, of course, very prestigious. It’s hard to imagine that in this situation a leap up the career ladder is not guaranteed.

Kids having fun

It’s hard to imagine majors at lectures. They, of course, come to the university, but somehow closer to lunch and not at all to listen to boring macroeconomics or the Greek language. The entire university elite gathers at a local cafe, naturally, not the one where you can buy coffee bags and whitewash. It’s as if these establishments with comfortable chairs, clean tables and freshly squeezed orange juice are opened especially for rich boys and girls. This is where the majors hang out, discussing the new spring collection at MaxMara, yesterday's party and Petya's car, which has gone out of fashion.

So-called closed parties have become increasingly fashionable. When the whole club is filmed for some party. Before dawn, it turns into a place where the entire youth elite gathers. The main thing is to go through face control with the organizer and sponsor of the celebration, receive an invitation, and only then with the security service, which strictly ensures that vacationers are not disturbed by suspicious individuals.

But there is another side to the coin, a completely different “golden youth”. “Golden” does not depend on the amount of money, but on the amount of intelligence. Excellent students, activists, social activists, well-read boys and girls from the “Smart Men and Women” program - they were the ones who were unlucky in life with mobile phones, cars and expensive clothes. Such “golden youth” are the hope of the country; they only occasionally receive meager scholarships or bonuses from the state.

Rublyovka: "Beverly Hills" of rich Russians

• As we all know, Rublyovka is the golden cage of Russian millionaires, it is a symbol of success, prosperity, wealth, complacency and elitism. This is the world of the richest men and most luxurious women, the most expensive land and the most luxurious mansions, exquisite cars and exclusive outfits.

• Rublevka is the unofficial name of the territory west of Moscow (along the Rublevo-Uspenskoye highway). There is no administrative unit with this name and never has been, but the name is widely used both by residents of Moscow and the Moscow region, and by employees of real estate agencies.

• Rublevo-Uspenskoe Highway today is populated not only by officials, but also by simply moneyed people: businessmen, expensive lawyers, artists and other “glamour”. At the suggestion of the Rublev residents themselves (who call themselves the elite of Russia) of Moscow and the Russian elite in general - show business stars, politicians, industrial magnates, etc.

How millionaires live on Rublyovka

• Anyone with less than $10 million in their accounts becomes almost an outsider on Rublevka: along the highway, located not far from Moscow, luxurious villas stand side by side with other ostentatious buildings. Such trends are relatively new - the few remaining old-timers rub their eyes in surprise, looking at the invasion of the rich.

What's fashionable here?

• What's fashionable here?

Rublyovka differs little in fashion trends from the rest of the world. The world was once fascinated by sushi, and so was Rublyovka. Now the world is passionate about yoga, and there is yoga on Rublyovka. Then sports and diets will become unfashionable... Times will come when things will not come back into fashion. healthy image life. The most noticeable change in fashion in Rublyovka is cars. In the 90s, the ultimate dream was the BMW-Z3. Then Bentley came into fashion. But now even a Bentley is not considered chic. They look towards fancy Lamborghinis and especially Maserattis. It used to be considered worthy to fly first class on a foreign airline. Now those who flew first class are flying on their own planes. It's getting more and more expensive to be fashionable.

• Children:

• Having solved their financial problems, the Rublevskys finally took care of the children. Closely - so as not to lose another generation. Because the generation of Rublev children, who are now 20 years old, is definitely lost. If a girl knows nothing but Dolce & Gabbana, Prada, Kenzo, this is a lost generation. And there are many of them here.

• There are no real women left - silicone, Botox, swollen breasts and lips. This is the Rublev standard.

• On the other hand, women cannot be blamed for having artificial breasts or fat pumping. This is not from a good life. It's all the fault of men who always want something more beautiful. But women are also to blame, believing that only external forms can keep a rich husband or lover.

• Sochi is not a competitor to Courchevel.

• Just as a cat becomes attached to its home, so rich Russian people became attached to Courchevel. And Courchevel took advantage of this, lowering the quality of service every year and raising prices. And Sochi can be considered as a fashionable Olympic place only when something is built there

"Golden" youth in Finland

Finland itself is standard European country with clearly observed rules and pronounced equality. In this country it is very difficult to earn millions and live to the fullest. There are a lot of restrictions here. If you earn a lot of money, you are forced to pay a large percentage of taxes. Illegal business and fraud are very strictly prosecuted by law.

Representatives of Finnish show business mostly achieve everything themselves, without the help of parents and their money, using only their talent and capabilities, which, unfortunately, is rarely found in Russian show business. The so-called VIP children, as in Russia, i.e. There are practically no golden youth here. There are rich people, but they probably don’t exist as much and as much as in Russia. The Finns themselves don’t want to be rich, and probably an entrepreneur named Matti looks poorer than the American Matthew.

• In some ways this is good, because in Finland people, and especially young people who do not have a penny to their name, have a large number of opportunities to become popular and live a full life.

Everything in the world is done for the sake of money. Many people believe that happiness is not found in money, many believe that it is in quantity. We draw the following conclusion: money spoils people. Of course, this doesn’t happen to everyone, but to the majority, that’s for sure. A person, becoming rich and famous, becomes fixated on himself, not appreciating simple human happiness. The man from the very early childhood must achieve everything on his own, without relying on the help of his parents and their support. This is how he will fulfill himself in life, as every person should do.

Subculture- part of public culture that differs from the prevailing one. In a narrower sense, the term means social groups of people - carriers of a subculture.

Culture refers to the beliefs, values, and expressions that are common to a particular group of people and serve to organize the experiences and regulate the behavior of members of that group. The reproduction and transmission of culture to subsequent generations underlie the process of socialization—the assimilation of values, beliefs, norms, rules and ideals of previous generations.

The system of norms and values ​​that distinguish a group from most societies is called a subculture. It is influenced by factors such as age, ethnic origin, religion, social group or place of residence. The values ​​of a subculture do not mean abandoning national culture accepted by the majority, they find only some deviations from it. However, the majority tend to view the subculture with disapproval or distrust.

Sometimes a group actively develops norms or values ​​that clearly contradict the dominant culture, its content and forms. On the basis of such norms and values, a counterculture is formed. A famous example of counterculture is the hippies of the 60s or the "system" in Russia of the 80s.

Elements of both subculture and counterculture are found in the culture of modern youth in Russia. Youth subculture is understood as the culture of a certain young generation that has a common lifestyle, behavior, group norms, values ​​and stereotypes.

Its defining characteristic in Russia is the phenomenon of subjective “fuzziness,” uncertainty, and alienation from basic normative values ​​(the values ​​of the majority).

Thus, a considerable number of young people lack a clearly defined personal self-identification and have strong behavioral stereotypes that cause depersonalization of attitudes. The position of alienation in its existential refraction is visible both in relation to society and in intergenerational communication, in the countercultural orientation of youth leisure.

Social alienation most often manifests itself in apathy, indifference to the political life of society, figuratively speaking, in the position of an “outside observer.”

The contrast between the image of “us” and “them” is traditional; it is enough to recall at least the textbook novel by I. S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons”. However, today the younger generation often results in a complete denial of all “father’s” values, including the history of their own state. This position is especially vulnerable if we take into account young people’s own apoliticality, their exclusion from participation in solving social problems for society, and not just for themselves. This opposition can be seen especially clearly at the level of cultural (in the narrow sense) stereotypes of young people: there is “our” fashion, “our” music, “our” communication, and there is “daddy’s”, which is offered by institutional means of humanitarian socialization. And here the third aspect of the alienation of the youth subculture is revealed - this is cultural alienation.

It is at this level that the subculture of the younger generation acquires noticeable countercultural elements: leisure, especially by youth, is perceived as the main sphere of life, and the overall satisfaction with the life of a young person depends on satisfaction with it. General education for a schoolchild and vocational education for a student seem to fade into another plane before the implementation of economic (“earn money”) and leisure (“interestingly spend your free time”) needs.

Along with communicative (communication with friends), leisure performs mainly a recreational function (about one third of high school students note that their favorite leisure activity is “doing nothing”), while cognitive, creative and heuristic functions are not implemented at all or are not implemented sufficiently .

The values ​​of national culture, both classical and folk, are being replaced by schematized stereotypes-samples of mass culture, aimed at introducing the values ​​of the “American way of life” in its primitive and simplified reproduction. According to surveys, heroines of so-called “soap operas” (for girls) and video thrillers like Rambo (for boys) are becoming favorite heroes and, to a certain extent, role models. The individual behavior of young people is manifested in such features of social behavior as pragmatism, cruelty, and the desire for material well-being to the detriment of professional self-realization. Consumerism manifests itself in both sociocultural and heuristic aspects. This tendency is present in the cultural self-realization of students, which is indirectly determined by the very flow of prevailing cultural information (the values ​​of mass culture), which contributes to background perception and superficial consolidation in consciousness.

The choice of certain cultural values ​​is most often associated with group stereotypes of a rather rigid nature (those who do not agree with them easily fall into the category of “outcasts”), as well as with the prestigious hierarchy of values ​​in an informal communication group.

Group stereotypes and a prestigious hierarchy of values ​​are determined by gender, level of education, place of residence and nationality of the recipient. Cultural conformity within an informal group manifests itself from milder among students to more aggressive among high school students. The extreme direction of this trend in the youth subculture are the so-called “teams” with strict regulation of the roles and statuses of their members.

The youth subculture is created by young people themselves for young people, it is esoteric, its specific variants are understandable only to those in the know and initiated. Youth subculture is an elitist phenomenon, few young people go through it and, deviating from traditional culture, is actually aimed at including young people into society.

The history of informal organizations in our country can be divided into three distinct “waves”. It all started with the appearance in the 1950s. “hipsters” - shocking urban youth who dressed and danced “stylishly”, for which they received the contemptuous term “hipsters”. The main accusation that was brought against them was “worship before the West.” The musical preferences of the “hipsters” are jazz, and then rock and roll. The state’s tough position on dissent in those years led to the fact that after some time of semi-underground existence, the “hipsters” quickly disappeared.

The “second wave” was determined by both internal and external conditions - the youth movement acquired an important component - rock music. It was during this period (late 60s - early 80s) that most youth associations began to acquire the features of “classical informality.” Drugs penetrated the youth environment. The movement of the seventies was deeper, broader and longer lasting. It was in the 1970s. The so-called “System” emerged - the Soviet hippie subculture, which was a whole conglomerate of groups. The “system”, being updated every two or three years, absorbed punks, metalheads, and even criminogenic lubers.

The beginning of the “third wave” of youth movements can be considered in 1986: the existence of informal groups was officially recognized, the topic of “informality” became a sensation. These associations can also be called “alternative”.

The main form of leisure activities is parties with never-ending discussions, constant polemics and mandatory music playing. Parties are usually accompanied by the use of alcohol and drugs. Hippies often break away from home, traveling with virtually no means of support. Hippies are known to love flowers and walking barefoot. Part of the hippie ideologue Close in many respects to hippies Rastafarians . Rastafari (Rasta) is the religion of the universal Lord Jah (distorted “Jehovah”).– convinced pacifists, especially protest against racism. Two features confirmed the worldwide nature of the Rasta movement - marijuana and reggae. Rastafarian life also provides for a healthy lifestyle, a ban on tobacco and alcohol, vegetarianism, and art classes. Their symbols are a red-yellow-green “Pacific” cap, pulled over dreadlocks (“dreadlocks”). Rastafarians can often be found in the company of hippies. Speaking about Russia, it should be noted that most young Rastafarians are simply fans of reggae music (this type of music originated in the 60s of the 20th century in Jamaica).

Punks. The punk movement began in the mid-1970s. XX centuries in England during a period of severe economic crisis. The main slogan of punks is “No future!” The philosophy of punks is the philosophy of the “lost generation”, simple to the extreme: in a pigsty it is better to be pigs yourself. They finally decided that it was impossible to change the world for the better, and therefore life and career in the old sense of the word were put to rest. According to their political leanings, punks are considered anarchists. Hence their main symbol is the stylized letter “A”.

The standard punk hairstyle is considered to be a “mohawk” - a strip of long, vertical hair on a cropped head. Punks prefer torn, dirty clothes. Punks are the most avid party-goers, great “experts” in drinking, drugs, fights - apparently from idleness.

and careers. However, a high level of academic performance at school and university is also valued.

The attitude towards peers from “simple” families is patronizing, condescending or contemptuous, although more often it is indifferent.

Drugs often become widespread among youth subcultures.

Some sociologists and researchers of youth movements note the tendency of some representatives of subcultures to commit suicide.

In addition, members of youth subcultures become dependent on the norms and rules accepted in their environment.

Young people were prompted to “go into informality” by internal loneliness, the need for friends, conflicts at school and at home, distrust of adults, and protest against lies. Almost every eighth person came to the group because “they didn’t know how to live further.”

The youth subculture is largely surrogate in nature - it is full of artificial substitutes for real values, ghostly participation in the adventures of screen and literary heroes instead of realizing one’s own aspirations, and finally, escape or rejection of social reality instead of its reconstruction and improvement.

Youth are a huge part of the people in our society. She not only differs from both adults and children, but also emphasizes this in every possible way. It is very important for her to be original, difficult, so that people pay attention to her. She creates her own special lifestyles, clothes, organizations, magazines, music.

Subculture is understood as part of public culture, different from the one that prevails in society in this moment. Youth subcultures unite everyone who has something in common and believes in certain ideals. Some variants of such associations are understandable only to a narrow circle of dedicated members.

It is common for every person to change and learn new things. This is especially acute during the period of growing up: the desire to find their individuality and change the world pushes young people to search for themselves and the meaning of life. This is how youth subcultures appear. Girls and boys unite based on their interests, creating separate movements that differ in lifestyle, clothing, and behavior.

The function of such social associations is to provide young people with the opportunity to realize themselves and stand out from the crowd, to find new friends who would understand, accept them for who they are and share their views.

1950s

The history of subcultures goes back several decades and has three waves of rise. The first of these dates back to the 1950s. During this period, " dudes" - outrageous urban youth, who got their name for their clothing style, behavior, features dance moves. Young people loved jazz and rock and roll, and strived for freedom of expression.

Such a youth movement was not at all approved by the Soviet state. The “hipsters” were charged with “worship of the West”; they were persecuted and condemned in every possible way by the authorities, and therefore such a subculture soon ceased to exist.

1960-1980s

The second wave falls at the end of the 60s, beginning of the 80s. It was influenced by both internal and external conditions. Youth subcultures of this period are characterized by:

• emerging apoliticality;
• internationalism;
• focus on internal problems.

The youth of this period loved music and rock and roll, and drugs were common. The new movement became deeper and more lasting.

At the end of 1979, the Soviet hippie subculture appeared, called “ System" It was updated every 2-3 years and included both punk metalheads and not-so-law-abiding lubbers.

1986

The third wave of youth movements began in 1986. Youth subcultures are recognized as officially existing and are called “ alternative».

Main types of youth subcultures

They belong to one of the oldest youth subcultures. It was formed in the mid-60s of the 20th century in San Francisco.

The youth spent their time in discussions and polemics, played music and indulged in free love. Alcohol and drugs at parties were considered commonplace.

Hippies have no attachment to home; they constantly travel without any means of subsistence. They worship freedom, love flowers and walking barefoot. The ideas of this movement are still alive.

This subculture is somewhat similar to hippies. Rastafari is a special religion of the universal god Jah. Participants in this movement are convinced pacifists who categorically condemn racism.

Speaking about the features of the Rastafarian movement in Russia, we can say that such associations mainly include young fans of reggae music.

Punks

This subculture began its development in the mid-1970s of the 20th century in England—it was during this period that the country experienced a severe economic crisis. Young people lived under the motto: “No future!” and behaved in strict accordance with the low standard of living. They are absolutely sure that it is absolutely impossible to change their life for the better, and therefore they have given up on life, career and education.

The clothing style of such young people corresponds to their way of thinking and behavior - preference is given to stale T-shirts and jeans with holes and scuffs. The picture is complemented by a love of drinking, fighting and drugs due to the lack of other hobbies.

In 1979, the punk movement penetrated into the USSR. One of its first adherents were famous rock musicians of St. Petersburg Andrei Panov and Viktor Tsoi.

Goths

The date of birth of Gothic is considered to be the end of the 70s of the 20th century. The basis of this subculture was post-punk. The first goths adopted a lot from the punks, making black the main color of their clothes (there could be minor splashes of white or red). Silver jewelry complemented the clothes.

The very first formations included young people who were fans of gothic musical groups. Subsequently, the Goths developed their own lifestyle, they acquired their own mentality and hierarchy.

The Goth subculture still exists today. The image of movement participants is very complex and is formed from specific clothes, shoes, accessories, hairstyles and makeup.

The emo movement, which is part of the youth subcultures, is also associated with music. The style of music corresponds to the name of the movement, which means "emotional". The melody is based on strong emotions that are acutely felt in the vocalist's voice.

The music of this movement has several types:

Fans of such music stand out in separate subculture and are called emokids. Characteristic external feature such youth are wearing bright clothes, hairstyle and makeup.

The concept of emo is very common among modern youth. In addition to bright outfits, hair and makeup, these guys have other ways to express themselves. Through music and heightened emotions about everything that happens in their lives.

During the period of “developed socialism” a new direction appears among young people. “Golden” boys and girls are not interested in everyday problems and the difficulties of life, since all troubles are quickly and quietly resolved by their parents. This subculture originated in the late seventies and is close to yuppies or kogars.

They flaunt fashionable equipment and foreign technology. Majors move through life easily, love and know how to relax (often at the official dacha given to their parents). They are among the few who can travel abroad with relatives to live in capitalist countries.

The level of the major is related to the position of his parents. Personal achievements at school or university are also important. He communicates only with his equals, but simply does not notice the rest, or treats them patronizingly or contemptuously.

Yuppie

Such young people do not demonstrate their success, do not flaunt their wealth and do not waste money. They are restrained and self-confident; strict, perfectly tailored suits speak for themselves.

The life of a yuppie is known only to a narrow circle of insiders and is often described in magazines published at their own expense.

Hackers

This is a youth subculture that includes programmers and computer users, who are characterized by an offensive line of behavior on the Internet.

Problems of subcultures

Attitude to a certain movement - subculture - is an attempt to find oneself, a step towards growing up and understanding the world. Some teenagers subsequently easily return to their usual way of life in society, while others, on the contrary, experience difficulties in communicating with the outside world.

Drugs are a serious problem and are often easily distributed among young people. Particularly impressionable people, under the influence of the atmosphere of a certain subculture, can commit suicide. Such young people should be under the supervision of more reasonable and “down-to-earth” comrades or adults.

Youth subcultures have always existed and will always exist. Some of them quickly dissolve in time, others pass through the years to the present day. It is important that fragile young minds have the support and understanding of their elders, who are ready to help in difficult times and direct their energy in a creative direction.

What is "Golden Youth"? “Golden youth” is a common name for young people whose lives and futures were mainly arranged by their influential or highly paid parents, which is why they became easy and carefree, and they themselves became their burners. Without the support of their parents, they rarely become anything themselves. “Golden youth” is a common name for young people whose lives and futures were mainly arranged by their influential or highly paid parents, which is why they became easy and carefree, and they themselves became their burners. Without the support of their parents, they rarely become anything themselves. Close in meaning to the rougher "major". Close in meaning to the rougher "major". The expression appeared in France, during the era of the Directory, as the name of certain groups of young people who served as an instrument of reactionary politics. The expression appeared in France, during the era of the Directory, as the name of certain groups of young people who served as an instrument of reactionary politics.

The most popular educational institutions among "majors". The most popular educational institution is still MGIMO. According to the MGIMO students themselves, students in one of the most prestigious educational institutions countries can be divided into several categories: 1. Children of diplomats, whose parents will help them make a career. Such boys and girls study in different ways, mostly well. 2. Children and relatives of the business elite, who are already destined for good positions in large successful corporations. 3. Children without a pedigree, but with a head. 4. Offsprings of leaders of Russia and CIS countries, prominent politicians.

Representatives of Russian golden youth and their lifestyle. Major is a lifestyle, a certain attitude. Knowledge, as we know, is power, and the major knows better than others that he is the “golden” child of “golden” parents. All this is in his important gait, and in his arrogant look, and mocking smile. His red Renault or black Lexus will never stop in the yard; they will always drive up to the main entrance. This is what he is all about - endlessly demonstrating himself and being impeccable. Impeccable in everything, even in small things: majors write with the most expensive pens, their paper bills tightly strapped into the most expensive purses, and their clothes must have the most famous label on them. All this is like a seal: stylish, expensive, do not touch it with your hands. “Open your mouths, tear off your headdresses - On daddy’s Volgas there are major boys,” Yuri Shevchuk once sang. Since then, almost nothing has changed: if previously it was prestigious to drive a Volga, today the favorite of the “rich kids” may well be a Mercedes or BMW of the latest model.

The majors have their own party; there are no and cannot be unfamiliar faces here. Here, those who do not wear an Armani suit, Gucci shoes, Cartier watches and Chanel perfume are looked down upon, and people try not to communicate with them. Money is the main indicator of whether you can become a member of the party. At the same time, the topic of money itself is closed, but it is money that interests everyone the most. It is interesting not who, with whom and when, but for how much! How much did you tip the waiter, how much did you buy a dress or phone for, how much did your hair and manicure cost? Everyone around is talking about money: an obscenely expensive car, a well-dressed companion, and coffee ordered at a bar. Representatives of the Russian Golden Youth. Vivid examples from opposite strata of society. Find 10 differences: Video Video

Ksenia Sobchak is one of the most famous socialites capital Cities. Ksenia Sobchak is a socialite who casually changes men, diamonds and outfits. Ksyusha became a figure in the Moscow social scene, and this is virtually an impossible thing for people from other cities who haven’t been around here for years. Ksyusha did it in four years. She is a physically strong girl, because to party, you need remarkable endurance: to be in time everywhere where it’s cool, to maintain the pace and at the same time look chic.

Parents are not chosen. Majors, of course, have their own age: these are young people under twenty-five. They live off their parents, regularly visit fitness clubs, dine in restaurants, play bowling, and in the morning they take aspirin and complain of a headache from the alcohol they drank at the party the night before. Wealthy parents can give their child all the best, without thinking at all about who will come out of it all. A spoiled child, accustomed from childhood to the fulfillment of any of his desires and whims. Majors consider themselves an elite, they are raised as an elite by secular circles of society. But often they behave in completely inappropriate ways. Many parents understand that a golden child is a good investment. All wealthy people try to invest in their own child. Private schools and universities are opening. Young people are taken abroad to study. This is, of course, very prestigious. It’s hard to even imagine that in this situation, a leap upward career ladder not guaranteed.

Kids are having fun It's hard to imagine Majors at lectures. They, of course, come to the university, but somehow closer to lunch and not at all to listen to boring macroeconomics or the Greek language. The entire university elite gathers at a local cafe, naturally, not the one where you can buy coffee bags and whitewash. It’s as if these establishments with comfortable chairs, clean tables and freshly squeezed orange juice are opened especially for rich boys and girls. This is where the majors hang out, discussing the new spring collection at MaxMara, yesterday's party and Petya's car, which has gone out of fashion.

So-called closed parties have become increasingly fashionable. When the whole club is filmed for some party. Before dawn, it turns into a place where the entire youth elite gathers. The main thing is to go through face control with the organizer and sponsor of the celebration, receive an invitation, and only then with the security service, which strictly ensures that vacationers are not disturbed by suspicious individuals. But there is another side to the coin, a completely different “golden youth”. “Golden” does not depend on the amount of money, but on the amount of intelligence. Excellent students, activists, social activists, well-read boys and girls from the “Smart Men and Women” program - they were the ones who were unlucky in life with mobile phones, cars and expensive clothes. Such “golden youth” are the hope of the country; they only occasionally receive meager scholarships or bonuses from the state.

Rublevka: “Beverly Hills” of rich Russians As we all know, Rublyovka is the golden cage of Russian millionaires, it is a symbol of success, prosperity, wealth, complacency and elitism. This is the world of the richest men and most luxurious women, the most expensive land and the most luxurious mansions, exquisite cars and exclusive outfits. Rublevka is the unofficial name of the territory west of Moscow (along the Rublevo-Uspenskoye highway). There is no administrative unit with this name and never has been, but the name is widely used both by residents of Moscow and the Moscow region, and by employees of real estate agencies. Rublevo-Uspenskoe Highway today is populated not only by officials, but also by simply moneyed people: businessmen, expensive lawyers, artists and other “glamour”. At the suggestion of the Rublev residents themselves (who call themselves the elite of Russia) of Moscow and in general Russian elite show business stars, politicians, industrial tycoons, etc.

How millionaires live on Rublyovka Those who have less than $10 million in their accounts become almost an outsider on Rublyovka: along the highway, located not far from Moscow, luxurious villas stand side by side with other arrogant buildings. Such trends are relatively new - the few remaining old-timers rub their eyes in surprise, looking at the invasion of the rich.

What's fashionable here? Rublyovka differs little in fashion trends from the rest of the world. The world was once fascinated by sushi, and so was Rublyovka. Now the world is passionate about yoga, and there is yoga on Rublyovka. Then sports and diets will become unfashionable... Times will come when an unhealthy lifestyle will return to fashion. The most noticeable change in fashion in Rublyovka is cars. In the 90s, the ultimate dream was the BMW-Z3. Then Bentley came into fashion. But now even a Bentley is not considered chic. They look towards fancy Lamborghinis and especially Maserattis. It used to be considered worthy to fly first class on a foreign airline. Now those who flew first class are flying on their own planes. It's getting more and more expensive to be fashionable. Children: Having solved their financial problems, the Rublevskys finally took care of the children. Closely - so as not to lose another generation. Because the generation of Rublev children, who are now 20 years old, is definitely lost. If a girl knows nothing but Dolce & Gabbana, Prada, Kenzo, this is a lost generation. And there are many of them here.

There are no real women left - silicone, Botox, swollen breasts and lips. This is the Rublev standard. On the other hand, women cannot be blamed for having artificial breasts or fat pumping. This is not from a good life. It's all the fault of men who always want something more beautiful. But women are also to blame, believing that only external forms can keep a rich husband or lover. Sochi is not a competitor to Courchevel. Just as a cat becomes attached to its home, so rich Russian people became attached to Courchevel. And Courchevel took advantage of this, lowering the quality of service every year and raising prices. And Sochi can be considered as a fashionable Olympic place only when something is built there

"Golden" youth in Finland Finland itself is a standard European country with clearly observed rules and pronounced equality. In this country it is very difficult to earn millions and live to the fullest. There are a lot of restrictions here. If you earn a lot of money, you are forced to pay a large percentage of taxes. Illegal business and fraud are very strictly prosecuted by law. Representatives of Finnish show business mostly achieve everything themselves, without the help of parents and their money, using only their talent and capabilities, which, unfortunately, is rare in Russian show business. The so-called VIP children, as in Russia, i.e. There are practically no golden youth here. There are rich people, but they probably don’t exist as much and as much as in Russia. The Finns themselves don’t want to be rich, and probably an entrepreneur named Matti looks poorer than the American Matthew. In some ways this is good, because in Finland people, and especially young people who do not have a penny to their name, have a large number of opportunities to become popular and live a full life.

Everything in the world is done for the sake of money. Many people believe that happiness is not found in money, many believe that it is in quantity. We draw the following conclusion: money spoils people. Of course, this doesn’t happen to everyone, but to the majority, that’s for sure. A person, becoming rich and famous, becomes fixated on himself, not appreciating simple human happiness. From early childhood, a person must achieve everything on his own, without relying on the help of his parents and their provision. This is how he will fulfill himself in life, as every person should do.

Sources ez.html ez.html ez.html ez.html D1%91%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0 D1%91%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0 D1%91%D0%B2 %D0%BA%D0%B0 D1%91%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0 bdeacf2 bdeacf2 bdeacf2 bdeacf

St. Petersburg Academy of Management and Economics

Petrozavodsk branch

Faculty of Economics and Finance

Department of Finance and Credit

Test

By discipline: ______________________________ _____________________

On the topic of:______________________ ______________________________ ______

Option No. _____

Completed by a 2nd year student

correspondence department

group 12-194346/2-2

direction "Economics"

Abushek Olga Vyacheslavovna

Supervisor:

Grade ________________________

Teacher's signature_________________ __

Petrozavodsk

2010

The concept of subculture and youth subculture.

In a broad sense, subculture is understood as a partial cultural subsystem of the “official” culture, which determines the lifestyle, value hierarchy and mentality of its bearers. That is, a subculture is a subculture or a culture within a culture.

In a narrower sense, a subculture is a system of values, attitudes, behaviors and lifestyles of a certain social group, different from the dominant culture in society, although related to it.

In modern society there is a significant diversity of such subcultures, but in sociology this concept is most often used in the study of youth cultures and deviance. For example, it is believed that delinquent or criminal subcultures have as their task solving the problems of their members, who see in belonging to the subculture some compensation for their “failure in the big society.” Youth cultures, often viewed as deviant, develop based on distinctive styles of clothing and music that distinguish them from other members of society. Some researchers view the practice of subcultures as an expression of opposition to the dominant culture. Subcultural attributes, rituals as stable patterns of behavior, as well as values, as a rule, differ from those in the dominant subculture, although they are associated with them. M. Brake that subcultures, as “systems of meanings, ways of expression or lifestyles,” developed social groups, who were in a subordinate position, “in response to dominant systems of meaning: subcultures reflect attempts by such groups to resolve structural contradictions that have arisen in a broader societal context.”

The values ​​of a subculture do not mean a rejection of the national culture accepted by the majority; they reveal only some deviations from it. However, the majority, as a rule, treats the subculture with distrust and disapproval.

Sometimes a group actively develops norms or values ​​that clearly contradict the dominant culture, its content and forms. On the basis of such norms and values, a counterculture is formed

Typology of youth subcultures

There are two types of youth subcultures:

Ingroups;

Outgroups.

Ingroups are groups with which a young person identifies himself.

Outgroups are groups from which a young person separates himself and feels different.

According to the specific behavior of group members, the following are distinguished:

Prosocial;

Antisocial;

Antisocial.

Prosocial – groups that do not pose a threat to society, are positive and helpful.

Asocial - they criticize some of the foundations of society, but this confrontation is not extreme.

Antisocial - not only criticize social orders and foundations, but also strive to destroy them.

Frolov S.S. proposed the following typology of subcultures:

1. Romantic-escapist subcultures - focused on escaping real life and building their own philosophical systems (hippies, Tolkienists, Indianists, bikers).

2. Anarcho-nihilistic groups - rejection of generally accepted standards, a critical attitude towards many phenomena of life (anarchists, punks).

3. Entertainment-hedonistic – focused on providing leisure time (“golden youth”, ravers, snowboarders, rappers).

4. Criminal subculture - focused on opposition to law and order (goths, skinheads, gangs, gopniks, lubbers).

Characteristics of some subcultures

Hippie subculture– one of the oldest youth subcultures. The movement formed in San Francisco in the mid-60s. XX century as a protest against philistinism. The hippie ideology was based on philosophical teachings associated with the “Jesus movement.” They adhere to pacifist views, profess the idea of ​​“non-resistance to evil through violence,” and are prone to creativity.

Close in many respects to hippies Close in many respects to hippies. Rastafari (Rasta) is the religion of the universal Lord Jah (distorted “Jehovah”).

Rastafarians– convinced pacifists, especially protest against racism. Two features confirmed the worldwide nature of the Rasta movement - marijuana and reggae. Rastafarian life also provides for a healthy lifestyle, a ban on tobacco and alcohol, vegetarianism, and art classes. Their symbols are a red-yellow-green “Pacific” cap, pulled over dreadlocks (“dreadlocks”). Rastafarians can often be found in the company of hippies. Speaking about Russia, it should be noted that most young Rastafarians are simply fans of reggae music (this type of music originated in the 60s of the 20th century in Jamaica).

Punks. The punk movement began in the mid-1970s. XX centuries in England during a period of severe economic crisis. The main slogan of punks is “No future!” The philosophy of punks is the philosophy of the “lost generation”, simple to the limit: in a pigsty it is better to be pigs yourself. They finally decided that it was impossible to change the world for the better, and therefore life and career in the old sense of the word were put to rest. According to their political leanings, punks are considered anarchists. Hence their main symbol is the stylized letter “A”.

The standard punk hairstyle is considered to be a “mohawk” - a strip of long, vertical hair on a cropped head. Punks prefer torn, dirty clothes. Punks are the most avid party-goers, great “specialists” in drinking, drugs, fights - apparently from idleness.

The punk subculture entered the USSR in 1979. One of the first punks were famous St. Petersburg rock musicians Andrei Panov (“Pig”) and Viktor Tsoi.

Gothic originated in the late 70s. XX century on the wave of post-punk. The early goths took a lot from the punks, they looked the same as punks, with the only difference being that the dominant color of clothing and hair was black (with accents of white, red or purple) and silver jewelry. At first, only fans of gothic musical groups were called goths. Gradually, the Goths acquired their own lifestyle, value hierarchy and mentality.

The modern Gothic image is quite complex and varied, it includes clothes, shoes, jewelry, accessories, make-up, and hairstyle. Gothic aesthetics are extremely eclectic in their range of symbols, using both Egyptian, Christian and Celtic symbols. Occult symbolism is quite widely represented - pentagrams, eight-pointed stars (symbols of chaos), symbols of death. The Goths developed their own original style of makeup and manicure. Using makeup or powder, the face is given a deathly pale shade, black eyeliner is applied, and lips and nails can also be tinted black. Black is the dominant color, but other colors are acceptable.

Emo– short for “emotional”, a term that denotes a special type of hardcore music based on the crushing strong emotions in the vocalist's voice and the melodic, but sometimes chaotic musical component. Squealing, crying, moaning, whispering, breaking into a scream - distinctive features this style.

Today this style of music is divided into: emocore, emo-rock, cyber-emo, punk-emo, emo-violence, screamo, French-emocore hardcore San Diego, etc. Fans of emo music, identified as a special subculture, are called emo kids . The concept of emo is very common among modern youth. In addition to bright outfits, hair and makeup, these guys have other ways to express themselves. Through music and heightened emotions about everything that happens in their lives.

The concept of emo is very common among modern youth. In addition to bright outfits, hair and makeup, these guys have other ways to express themselves. Through music and heightened emotions about everything that happens in their lives.- Soviet golden youth of the period of “developed socialism”. Socially they are close to yuppies and kogyars. Appeared in the late 1970s. The major is not interested in ordinary everyday problems, since all such problems have been solved for him by his parents. He is not short of pocket money. He wears scarce clothes and shoes, can drive his own car (usually owned by one of his parents), and owns foreign-made audio and video equipment. He can spend time at his parents' official dacha, if they are entitled to one according to their rank. Some have the opportunity to travel abroad, including to capitalist states, and live there with their parents.

Among the majors, the position of parents in society and the associated prospects for their own life and career are assessed. However, it is also appreciated high level performance at school and university. The attitude towards peers from “simple” families is patronizing, condescending or contemptuous, although more often it is indifferent.

The future of the major is cloudless and does not cause any worries

Yuppie – youth subculture, whose representatives lead the active business lifestyle of an urban professional. Yuppies have high-paying jobs and prefer clothing business style, follow fashion, visit fitness centers. The main criterion for belonging to a “yuppie” is success. A self-respecting yuppie wears a formal suit (preferably a three-piece), woolen and very expensive, does not wear rings on his fingers and does not pin his tie with a ruby ​​pin - this is bad taste. The most he can afford is cufflinks with diamond dust or an antique chronometer “with rehearsal”. But even this is not recommended.

The best way to learn about yuppie life is through the magazines that yuppies publish for themselves. The circulation of these publications is tiny, and they are distributed mainly among their own people.

Hackers– computer users, programmers who adhere to an active, offensive line of behavior in the network space. The targets of hackers' attacks are other people's websites and servers, which they hack and disable. In 1988, the world first experienced the power of one of the most effective hacking tools - a computer virus.

Some experts predict the emergence of a web mafia that will engage in cyber espionage and cyber terrorism. At the same time, hackers as such are opposed to corporatism; they value freedom and self-will above all else.

Hackers are mainly university students and high school students with a focus on physics and mathematics. It is difficult to determine the exact number of hackers because they communicate primarily through computer networks. In addition, not all hackers recognize themselves as a kind of community with their own values, norms, and specific style.

Extreme sportsmen– those who love life like no other, but are ready to take risks again and again for the sake of an unforgettable feeling of freedom.

Some modern sports that have been promoted in the world since the 50s. XX century, gradually became commonly called extreme. These sports include skateboarding, snowboarding, parachuting, rock climbing, etc. Extreme sports are emerging every day. They are characterized by a high degree of danger to the life and health of the athlete, a large number of acrobatic stunts, and a high level of adrenaline, which is released by the athlete during sports.