Famous artists of Crimea. Great artists of Crimea class hour on the topic

The nature of Crimea served as a source creative inspiration for many masters visual arts. It seems that not one of the artists who visited here, from the 18th century to the present day, remained indifferent to the peculiar beauty of the “midday land.” For example, beauties Gurzuf. The exoticism of the south, combined with the pathos of the steppe expanse of the western plains and the solemnly harsh pathos of the mountain range of the eastern coast, present a truly grandiose panorama.

Each of the artists who worked in Crimea , managed to see in him something of his own, cherished, which found a response in the soul. The works of these authors have become a kind of bridge connecting the viewer with the Crimean landscape, sometimes completely unknown to him, but awakening in him feelings and experiences associated with the ineradicable power of man’s love for nature.

For some landscape painters, work in Crimea was episodic, but the work of three who long time lived or systematically wrote here, Crimean nature had the most direct and profound impact.

After the Crimean Peninsula was annexed by the Russian state in 1783, artists flocked here to capture the extraordinary southern landscapes and views of cities under intensive construction.

In 1820 Beautiful shores Taurida was visited by A.S. Pushkin, who inspiredly praised the nature of these places in his poetic works. In the 1820s, the Polish poet Adam Mickiewicz traveled here, creating a wonderful poetic cycle “Crimean Sonnets”. This aroused even greater interest in Crimea among artists.

Throughout the 19th century, representatives of different artistic directions, and Crimean nature received a very diverse reflection in their work.

A.I. Meshchersky managed to clearly express the romantic beginning of his Crimean landscape. The spectacular state of the blue sky against the backdrop of rocks is conveyed in warm colors along with old poplars, the tops of which are illuminated by light sun rays.

"Crimean landscape" I. Shishkin

The largest representative of Russian realistic landscape I.I. Shishkin, who visited Yalta in 1879, extraordinary view mountainous terrain prompted the creation of a series of drawings and engravings. In the painting “Crimean Landscape”, he skillfully depicted a forest path leading to a house among centuries-old Crimean trees.

Wide famous master lighting effects in painting by A.I. Kuindzhi acquired in 1886 a small plot of land in the Simeiz area. Here in the summer he painted sketches, trying to capture the whimsical play of colors on restless water, to convey solar or lunar lighting. His landscape “Cloud” is succinctly written.

The author skillfully depicted the moment when the pale pink light rising sun forms Cumulus clouds over the blue strip of the sea. The sketch “The Sea” was solved in an extremely general way. The quiet, gentle sea invites you to plunge into the morning water.

Master I.K. painted many amazing paintings in Crimea. Aivozovsky. There is no point in exhibiting his masterpieces here again and again. It is worth noting his students who addressed traditional topics and the methods of art of a venerable artist and at the same time showed their creative individuality. One of these is the artist A.I. Fessler, who lived in Feodosia for more than fifty years. He is the author of many deeply poetic views of the coastal cities of Crimea.

A.I. Fressler. "Gurzuf".

In the painting “Gurzuf” he resorts to romanticizing the landscape image in the spirit of Aivozovsky’s painting. All components of the landscape serve to express the early morning. The artist’s writing style is sharp, with bright color contrasts, well conveying the mood of this cozy town from a bird’s eye view.

Another native of Feodosia L.F. Lagorio lived permanently in St. Petersburg, but visited his homeland almost every year. He inspiredly sang in his marinas the beauty of the Black Sea coast, including Gurzuf.

Artist E.Ya. Magdesyan sought to emphasize the diversity of Crimean motifs in his paintings. His “Seascape” perfectly conveys the harsh solidity of the rocks against the backdrop of the restless movement of the waves. The blue and blue tones of this canvas reproduce a special transparency air environment and the instability of light, greenish-tinged water.

"Seascape"

Naval officer A.V. Hansen as a child, in the house of his grandfather I.K. Aivozovsky, became imbued with a love of art and was seriously interested in marine painting. In Crimean landscapes, he revealed the greatness of the sea element, while maintaining the remarkable subtlety of the natural appearance and introducing a lyrical coloring into the artistic image.

"Moon rise"

Artist K.F. Bogaevsky was born and also lived in Feodosia. His first encounter with art took place in Aivozovsky's studio, and in 1897 he graduated from the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, where he studied with Kuindzhi. “No matter how much I painted pictures about the Crimean sky, mountains, sea, Crimean nature gave me more and more new themes for my works,” Bogaevsky stated. His paintings “Old Crimea”, “Feodosia”, “Evening by the Sea” and the Crimean landscape are presented here. The last one, “Crimean View”, in my opinion, is a complete masterpiece of the play of colors and colors.

"Old Crimea"

"Feodosia"

"Evening by the sea"

"Crimean view"

Ancient Cimmeria served as a source of creativity for Bogaevsky’s contemporary, poet and artist M.A. Voloshin. Each of his works is designed in a specific color key, expressively conveying the character of the depicted motif. And in each of them, in the smooth rhythm of lines and color spots, the author gives the viewer the opportunity to feel the world of beauty that nature gives to man. His work “In the vicinity of Koktebel” is typical.

Around Koktebel

Academician battle painting N.S. Samokish in Soviet period creativity lived in Simferopol. In 1917-1921, while undergoing treatment in Yevpatoria, he enthusiastically painted cozy courtyards shaded by tree foliage, market squares, ancient mansions and dachas. These sketches revealed the artist’s brilliant artistic talent. In his work “Evening in the Crimea,” he masterfully depicted the lighting of peasant life, a rich palette of blue, yellow, white and green colors.

"Evening in Crimea"

The Crimean landscapes of K.A. became widely known. Korovin, a prominent representative of the Moscow Union of Russian Artists. In 1911, He built a dacha-workshop in Gurzuf, where he loved to paint the beautiful views of the southern coastal mountains and the sea directly from the balcony. Korovin had a keen sense of nature, the eternal play of light and shadow, giving the entire environment a feeling of trepidation and mobility. His painting “Gurzuf” is proof of this.

The sonority of the color palette of Crimean nature is revealed by Korovin in his next landscape. There is a rapid dynamics of colors, life, bright sun. This was achieved by the masterly impressionistic style of painting that the master uses in his work.

"Balcony in Crimea"

Landscape, as an independent genre, occupies an honorable place in the fine arts. It enables craftsmen working in this field to create an artistic image of their native land with great emotional expressiveness.

Works presented here talented artists different eras and generations, forming the basis of collections of paintings and graphics in art museums and art galleries of Simferopol, Feodosia, Sevastopol and Alupka.

I’ll start by saying a few words about myself and about the artists I represent, whose paintings are worthy of decorating the most sophisticated interiors.
I will make money for designers who will help find buyers for paintings
Also, I am looking for a sponsoring partner for large-scale exhibition Crimeans
So!
Over the past four years, I have been professionally promoting several of the best contemporary artists from Crimea to Moscow.

During this time, about 15 significant exhibitions were held with my participation in the best areas available to me:

Central House of Artists (about 10 exhibitions).

Russian-German House with the support of the German Embassy and the International Union of German Culture.

Auction house Sovcom.

Also, articles were written by significant art historians, auctions were held, and websites were created.

In Moscow I have about two hundred well-designed works (paintings, drawings and photographs), a quantity sufficient to hold any exhibition events. IN Lately I also collaborate with the foundation of V.N. Naugolny - an architect and a unique photographer who made his panoramic photos from a trike, hot air balloon and an airplane.

Exhibition of artists from Crimea, held in currently will serve as an excellent information opportunity for the media, and will also form a significant component in shaping the image of the company under whose auspices it will be held.

A few words about several of the artists I represent.

1. Hugo Wilhelmovich Schaufler was born in 1928 in Marxstadt (Republic of the Volga Germans).

Associate Professor, then Professor, Head of the Department of Architecture at UPI. In Moscow he defended his candidate's thesis, then his doctorate (in Germany), was awarded the medal "For Valiant Work", Hugo Schaufler became the first laureate of the Academician Peter Pallas Prize - for his contribution to the development of German culture in Crimea.

Hugo Vilgelmovich is a member of the Union of Architects of Russia, a member of the Union of Artists of Crimea and Ukraine, a member of the Academy of Russian Germans of Crimea, a Doctor of Architecture, and a laureate of prizes from the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

He has 40 completed projects in the Urals, in Western Siberia, in Crimea, more than 100 scientific works in the field of architecture. For a long time creative life Hugo Wilhelmovich held more than 40 (!) personal art exhibitions in Germany, Russia, Crimea and Bulgaria. I held exhibitions of G. Schaufler in the Russian-German House and the Central House of Artists.

2. Artyom Puchkov - the best student of G. Schaufler, lives and works in Sevastopol. In 1988 he graduated from the Crimean Art College named after Samokish, studied at art studio G.V. Schaufler, member of the World Geographical Society. Creative trips to India, Pakistan, Tibet-Himalayas, Israel. The only contemporary artist to have traveled across Tibet, following the paths of Roerich. Now Artyom has returned from a creative trip to Israel and we are preparing him new exhibition. I also held several exhibitions of A. Puchkov at the Central House of Artists, auction house Sovcom and other less significant sites. Website: http://art-crimea.ru/index.php?m=h&lang=ru&tpc=1&tc=1

3. Yuri Laptev Born in Petropavlovsk in 1962, graduated from the Crimean Art College. Samokisha - 1986, has lived in Crimea, Simferopol since childhood. The artist's works are in private collections around the world. I held several exhibitions at the Central House of Artists with the participation of Yu. Laptev’s works, one of them personal.

4. Irina Zaitseva, an interesting, original artist, whose works are in collections in many countries around the world. Lives and works in Simferopol. I held several exhibitions of I. Zaitseva at the Central House of Artists, including one of them personal. Website: http://art-crimea.ru/index.php?m=h&lang=ru&tpc=3&tc=1

On my website, there are also video reports about some of the exhibitions I have held: http://art-crimea.ru/index.php?m=via&lang=ru

Also, I held exhibitions of some other Crimean artists and I have their works in stock; here I have indicated only a few authors. Perhaps the exhibition could be timed to coincide with any events related to Crimea.

Beautiful Crimean landscapes have always attracted the attention of painters. Endless sky, majestic rocks, silvery sea ​​waves as if they were created so that artists could revive them on their canvases

The most famous paintings, dedicated to Crimea, date back to the 19th and 20th centuries. Then, in their creativity, a whole galaxy of great masters sang the beauty and original character of this corner of Russia. The main one, of course, was I.K. Aivazovsky, whose life was inextricably linked with Feodosia.

The Crimean Sea occupies a central place in the artist’s work. In the paintings of the famous artist I.K. Aivazovsky, it is either peaceful and calm (“Evening in the Crimea. Yalta”, “Sunrise in Feodosia”, “Gurzuf”, “Sunset on the Crimean Shores”), or rebellious and menacing (“The Sea. Koktebel”, “Old Feodosia” , “The Ninth Wave”, “Storm at Sea at Night”, “Fleeing from a Shipwreck”, “Storm at Cape Aya”). More than half of the canvases are dedicated to the raging elements and almost always to a persistent person fighting against it.

In the paintings created in Crimea by A.I. Kuindzhi, the air takes on “color”: the master’s creations are so picturesque. The artist especially loved Cape Kekeneiz and Uzun-Tash - his main works were written here. In them, form and color are harmoniously interconnected and inseparable from lines and colors, which opens up a completely new look at Crimean landscapes. "Sea shore. Crimea”, “Cypress trees on the seashore. Crimea", "Boat at sea. Crimea", "Dali. Crimea” - on all canvases the region appears fresh, light, airy, enchanting.

Crimea appears absolutely special in the paintings of Georgy Leman. The romantic and serene state of nature, airy and delicate colors, a bright and lyrical mood - the artist’s canvases are full of harmony, they breathe peace and quiet. This is a light, almost weightless Crimea, which is permeated with soft light and seems to float between the sky and the sea.

Georgy Leman "Sunny Gurzuf" 1991
oil, canvas

A hazy sky, mountains and rocks, an azure sea, green trees - the day turned out to be sunny and clear. Gurzuf is gradually coming to life: the inhabitants are nowhere to be seen, but a light and nimble boat is already rushing across the surface of the sea.
The artist was able to convey the feeling of presence. The smell of the sea and the gentle breeze, the warmth of the sun's rays become real, as if the viewer is on the shore and at any moment can step into the leisurely waves.
The landscape is harmonious and self-sufficient. He is deprived sharp corners, eye-catching lines or flashy colors. The sea, mountains and sky flow into each other, forming a single whole and completely capturing the viewer’s attention. You can admire the canvas for a long time: it calms and evokes thoughts of a serene holiday, cloudless summer days and picturesque corners of nature. Soft blues, pinks and greens create an atmosphere of peace and tranquility.

I.I. came to the peninsula several times. Levitan. The result of these trips was a series of sketches, which, in the artist’s characteristic style, conveys the originality of unique local landscapes. To Crimea I.I. Levitan literally fell in love, never tired of walking the streets of Yalta, climbing mountains and writing, writing, writing. This is how his famous paintings “In the Crimean Mountains”, “Crimean Landscape”, “By the Seashore” were born. Crimea”, “Street in Yalta” and others.

Crimea also captivated another famous painter, K.A., with its bright colors and festive atmosphere. Korovina. In Gurzuf at the beginning of the 20th century, his dacha-workshop was built, which later became the House of Creativity. Inspired, the artist transferred the surrounding splendor of nature onto his canvases: streams of air and light, blooming greenery, sun-drenched mountains. Rich colors, light and precise strokes captured the Crimea in such paintings as “Crimea. Gurzuf", "Yalta at night", "Pier in Gurzuf", "Balcony in Crimea".

Other Russian artists also dedicated their works to Crimea: K.F. Bogaevsky, M.A. Voloshin, F.A. Vasiliev, A.V. Kuprin, M.P. Latry, V.V. Vereshchagin, A.M. Vasnetsov. Each of them found unique beauty in the local landscapes, which they want to admire and admire again and again.

Georgy Leman "Rough day in Gurzuf" 1991
oil, canvas

In 1991, the artist painted another painting dedicated to Crimea - “A Rainy Day in Gurzuf”. It is entirely made in gray-blue and blue tones and gives a light, airy impression.

During bad weather, Gurzuf is especially beautiful and majestic. The darkening sky hanging over the waves and the unruly, raging sea at the horizon become almost inseparable. The compositional center of the picture is a formidable mountain: motionless and not subject to the storm.

Nothing distracts the viewer’s attention from the laconic and austere landscape. It is devoid of images of objects, human figures and animals. All that remains are the eternal sky, sea and mountains, beautiful in the wildness of the natural elements.

Views: 22347

0

Crimea, by its nature and beauty, has always attracted people of art. These were artists and poets, directors, actors, musicians. Everyone went to Crimea for vacation and for inspiration. The landscapes of the peninsula delighted them all. Today's post is about artists whose paintings are in one way or another connected with this amazing place.
The art of the peninsula was formed under the influence of many cultures, but at the same time autonomous and a little closed. Scythians, Taurians, Cimmerians, Genoese, Tatars, Armenians, Slavs - all the peoples who inhabited Crimea brought with them the best and wove it into the common tapestry of decorative and applied arts, architecture, and later fine art.

An artistic fever swept Crimea in late XIX century and continued into the 20th. Most of the teachers of the Imperial Academy of Arts and the Moscow Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture worked in Crimea. The museums of Moscow and St. Petersburg, and later in the Crimean museums, collected sketches, still lifes, landscape and staffage paintings, ethnographic drawings of the best representatives of Russian fine art: F. Vasiliev, I. Krachkovsky, A. Meshchersky, A. Bogolyubov, I. Levitan , A. Kuindzhi, I. Shishkin, K. Korovin, V. Serov, V. Surikov, V. Polenov, P. Konchalovsky and others.

After the events civil war Crimea is even more so turning into an “ivory tower” for artists, poets, and philosophers. In Koktebel, Yalta, Sudak, Feodosia and Yevpatoria, many of those who seek salvation from the “waves of wars and revolutions” (M. Voloshin) find shelter. First of all, this is Maximilian Voloshin himself, and with him Ostroumova, Kuzmin, ..... Annenkov,. K. Bogaevsky, N. Samokish, N. Barsamov, V. Yanovsky, E. Nagaevskaya, Kuprin linked their fate with Crimea. I. Grabar, I. Chekmazov, V. Favorskaya, Falk come to work - it’s impossible to list them all. And to everyone creative people Crimea provided shelter, shelter, inspiration.

Crimea is an amazing natural and cultural phenomenon, which influences events and human destinies strong direct impact. Goethe calls this the “Genius of the Place”; our contemporaries talk about the energy of Crimea and its special cultural and information field. Regardless of definitions, the fact that Crimea remains the main actor historical and cultural events, and their creators and creators simply receive the right to perform on this stage.

So is modern Crimean painting - it is allowed to perpetuate the beauty of this natural phenomenon. As the Crimeans say: “We have one life and we must live it in Crimea!” Apparently, agreeing with them, the best painters and graphic artists from all cities of the Soviet Union, and now Russia and Ukraine, have been coming here for more than 60 years. Each of them strives to capture the Crimean landscapes, sea, flowers and fruits, to create their own hymn to Divine Beauty!
E.O. Samoilova

Mikhail Matveevich Ivanov. (1748-1823)
IN late XVIII century, the Russian artist Mikhail Matveevich Ivanov was the first to pave the way to Old Crimea. In January 1780, he, then already an academician of painting, was sent to the governor of the southern provinces of Russia, Prince Potemkin, to depict “cities and sights of the newly annexed lands,” as well as those areas for which Russia was still fighting. Ivanov was enlisted in Potemkin's headquarters and even received the rank of prime minister. In 1783, Ivanov painted views of the Old Crimea. Ten watercolors by this artist, dedicated to the Old Crimea and its environs, are now kept in the Russian Museum in St. Petersburg.

The albums of Mikhail Matveevich Ivanov represent a rare example of a diverse graphic heritage that included many years of work by the Russian artist of the 18th century. They help you understand it creative ideas and trace the stages of work on creating pictorial easel watercolors.

Ivan Constantinovich Aivazovski.(1817-1900).
Particular attention should be paid to the marine painter Ivan Aivazovsky.
As a boy, Ivan Aivazovsky fell in love with the sea expanses of the Crimean coast. His wild, romantic imagination depicted night storms, endless expanses of water and the struggle of people with the raging elements. These vivid images were reflected in the work of his entire life. Aivazovsky became the only artist of the Russian school who devoted all his extraordinary talent to marine painting. For my long life Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky created about 6 thousand works, fame and recognition came to him in his youth, his name thundered throughout the world and entered the history of world painting. The sea in his paintings is photographically realistic, but he did not paint it from life. It is impossible to stop the movement of a wave in order to capture it with a brush. To do this, you need to feel the sea, understand and predict the movements of its waters, and he knew how to do this. Aivazovsky was taught by the sea itself, as a child, in his native Crimea.

Everyone knows Aivazovsky as a marine painter, but he also has paintings on historical subjects, genre scenes, and themes ancient mythology, views of cities, religious and allegorical paintings, as well as portraits. Here are just a few of them: “The Arrival of Catherine II in Feodosia”, “Meeting of Venus on Olympus”, “Jewish Crossing the Black Sea”, “Gypsy Camp”, “Sunset in the Steppe”, “In the Caucasus Mountains”, “Walking on the Waters” ", "Wedding in Ukraine".

The results of the Crimean trip were more than successful and culminated in a long-awaited and well-deserved business trip to Italy, to Rome - this Mecca artistic life all over Europe. A large group of Russian painters, sculptors, architects, writers (both independent and retired, like Aivazovsky) worked there: Bryullov, Kiprensky, S. Shchedrin, A. Ivanov, Jordan, Gogol and many others. Aivazovsky works very hard and soon becomes one of the most famous and fashionable artists in Rome. Orders are literally pouring in on him, all the newspapers write enthusiastically about him: “... no one here writes water like that and marine species" Many artists, much older than him, began to imitate his style of painting, and after him, every shop already boasted views of the sea “a la Aivazovsky.” Rome, Naples, Venice, Amsterdam, London and even self-satisfied Paris admired his paintings, in which sunlight or moonlight was so vividly conveyed that people not experienced in painting even suspected the artist of “magic” (aren’t you a picture of a lamp or a candle?). The great marine painter Turner himself, completely captivated by Aivazovsky’s art, dedicated poems to the young artist From Russia.
Yes, it’s not without reason that the living mastery of his best paintings has not been surpassed by anyone to this day!

In his own workshop, Ivan Konstantinovich worked tirelessly with young artists: years of work went into creating a special school of Crimean landscape. There future famous artists got involved in painting: Lagorio, Fessler, Kuindzhi, Magdesiyan, Latri, Voloshin, Bogaevsky. And today in Feodosia art gallery you will be greeted by the works of the greatest artist - the morenista.

Carlo Bossoli.(1815-1884)
Is it any wonder that romantic Taurida turned out to be so attractive to artists who brought to us visual images that were consonant with, and sometimes even more vivid than literary descriptions. A worthy place in the brilliant galaxy of illustrious names is occupied by the Italian Carlo Bossoli (1815-1884). His work, permeated with light and the festive atmosphere of the South, allows you to see Crimea through the eyes of famous contemporaries artist, feel like a discoverer of the legendary land of Taurida
.

A talented draftsman, tireless traveler, author of amazing travel sketches, one of the founders of the tradition of “fine journalism,” Carlo Bossoli will experience great fame during his lifetime. Human and creative destiny It was largely determined by the active participation of M.S. Vorontsov, as well as the artist’s life in Odessa and Crimea. These are a kind of stages in the formation of a master. Consistently connected with each other, they formed the artist’s circle of interests, anticipated his creative aspirations and therefore deserve attention.

Bogaevsky Konstantin Fedorovich. (1871-1943)
Another famous Feodosia artist K. F. Bogaevsky for almost three years, in 1925-1927, fulfilled the order of the Crimean Committee for the Protection of Monuments of Art - he created a large series of watercolors and drawings depicting Old Crimea and its historical monuments.

Bogaevsky Konstantin Fedorovich (1871-1943) - painter and graphic artist, known as the master " fantastic landscape" He was born and lived almost his entire life in Feodosia. He flatly refused to study with Aivazovsky, because... he was attracted not by sea views, but by the history of ancient Cimmeria. In 1891 he entered the Academy of Arts and studied in the studio of landscape painter Arkhip Kuindzhi, whom he also did not imitate. An interesting fact: Bogaevsky was not given any drawings by sitters during his classes. Kuindzhi freed the student from these classes, during which he played the guitar.

After graduating from the academy, Bogaevsky visited Italy, France, Germany, Austria, but became convinced that he could only create in Crimea. Returning to Feodosia, he soon became friends with his like-minded person M. Voloshin. His original landscapes enjoyed constant success, and the philanthropist N.P. Ryabushinsky even rebuilt the hall for Bogaevsky’s decorative panels. IN Soviet time he takes an active part in the creation of the I.K. Aivazovsky Museum, then the Museum of Antiquities. For this museum, Bogaevsky sketched the historical monuments of Bakhchisarai, Sudak, Alupka, Old Crimea, and Feodosia. In 1923, he released an album of autolithographs, Landscapes of Cimmeria. Bogaevsky died on the street of Feodosia in 1943 during the bombing of the city during the war.

Voloshin Maximilian Alexandrovich.(1877 - 1932)
Bogaevsky’s partner on this creative old Crimean business trip was Maximilian Voloshin, whose multifaceted activities deserve admiration as an artist, poet, translator, literary critic, philosopher, public figure. Their long-term creative collaboration made it possible to discover for many the harsh, sometimes fantastic, beauty of the southeastern Crimea, including Old Crimea. It is not for nothing that they are both called the singers of Cimmeria.

Voloshin ( real name- Kirienko-Voloshin) Maximilian Aleksandrovich (1877 - 1932), poet, critic, essayist, artist.
Born on May 16 (28 NS) in Kyiv.
He begins to study at the Moscow gymnasium, and finishes the gymnasium course in Feodosia. In 1890 he began to write poetry, translated by G. Heine.
In 1897 he entered the Faculty of Law at Moscow University, but three years later he was expelled for participating in student unrest. Decides to devote himself entirely to literature and art.
In 1924, with the approval of the People's Commissariat of Education, Voloshin converted his house in Koktebel into a free house of creativity (later the House of Creativity of the USSR Literary Fund). A certain Belyatskaya L.Yu., who was rumored to be his favorite, was appointed caretaker.

In 1927, an exhibition of Voloshin's landscapes was held, organized by the State Academy of Artistic Sciences (with a printed catalogue), which became Voloshin's last appearance on the public stage.
He works a lot as an artist, participating in exhibitions in Feodosia, Odessa, Kharkov, Moscow, Leningrad. Voloshin turned his house in Koktebel into a free shelter for writers and artists, with the help of his second wife M. Zabolotskaya.

The house-museum of Maximilian Voloshin is the only one in the world that survived the wars and preserved the mystery and charm of the era Silver Age. Thanks to Voloshin, Koktebel turned into a place where almost the entire world of the Russian intelligentsia of the early twentieth century visited. The owner was very hospitable and arranged a free holiday home for writers, artists and scientists in the house. The time filled with impressions of Cimmerian nature, serious scientific and cultural discussions, humorous practical jokes and communication with M. Voloshin inspired the guests.
Crimea was also visited and depicted in their paintings by artists K. Petrov-Vodkin, P. Konchalovsky, R. Falk, A. Benois and many others.

Mikhail Semenovich Vorontsov. (1782-1856)
The era of Mikhail Semenovich Vorontsov is truly history in a memorial space. As contemporaries asserted, “that brilliant page of the South of Russia begins with him, of which our Fatherland can be proud.” The era of Prince Vorontsov, who in 1823 assumed the office of Governor-General of Novorossiya, plenipotentiary governor of the emperor in Bessarabia (and since 1844 in the Caucasus), marks the true economic and spiritual development of these lands. A politician, administrator, talented entrepreneur, public figure with broad liberal views, he was one of the most cultured people of his time. By combining romanticism with a sober and even utilitarian view of things, which is a purely generic trait of the Vorontsovs, he managed to reach heights in society and at court, accumulate significant land capital and, at the same time, become famous as a generous patron of science and culture.

During the reign of M.S. Vorontsov, the entire Novorossiysk region, Crimea, partly Bessarabia and the inaccessible Caucasus were explored, described, and illustrated much more accurately and in more detail than many parts of Russia. M.S. Vorontsov personally assisted the expeditions, sought funds, provided scientists with his libraries and even the family archive. As a result, valuable publications about the nature, history, economics, and geography of the region appeared. At different times, with the “unfailing assistance of an enlightened ruler,” academicians P. Keppen, C. Montandon, T. Vanzetti, archaeologist N. Murzakevich, historian and linguist A. Firkovich, artists G. Chernetsov, C. Bossoli traveled through the Crimea and the Caucasus. .

Kuprin Alexander Vasilievich.(1880-1960)
Born in Borisoglebsk (Voronezh province) on March 10 (22), 1880 in the family of a district school teacher.

He studied at the Voronezh evening drawing classes at the Society of Painting Lovers (1899-1901) with L. G. Solovyov and M. I. Ponomarev.
He visited the studios of L.E. Dmitriev-Kavkazsky (1902–1910) in St. Petersburg and K.F. Yuon (1904–1906) in Moscow, then studied at the School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture (1906–1910).
In 1913–1914 he visited Italy and France.

He was a member of the associations “Jack of Diamonds” (since 1910), “Moscow Painters” and “Society of Moscow Artists”.
In an imaginary group portrait of members of the “Jack of Diamonds” society (1910), the place of A.V. Kuprin would be in the second row, next to V.V. Rozhdestvensky and R.R. Falk.
The theme of the Crimean peninsula is deeply embedded in the work of Alexander Vasilyevich Kuprin (1880-1960). The artist visited many cities of coastal Crimea, painted the streets of Bakhchisarai, mountains, and historical monuments. His first work is considered to be “Deer Mountain”.

Vasily Ivanovich Surikov.(1848-1916).
Vasily Ivanovich Surikov was born on January 12, 1848 in Krasnoyarsk. School teacher N.V. Grebnev gave him his first painting lessons. Already in 1862, the aspiring artist created his first work - “Rafts on the Yenisei”. To get a full art education Surikov leaves for St. Petersburg. There in 1869 he entered the Academy of Arts. The education of the talented young man is paid for by a patron of the arts who is interested in his work.
Already at this time, the artist’s special love for composition was evident; Surikov worked mainly on subjects from ancient history(“The Feast of Belshazzar”, “The Apostle Paul”) After graduating from the Academy, Surikov moved to Moscow.
The blessed Crimea became for Vasily Ivanovich a divine discovery, unquenchable delight and... a “swan song”. He captured it with the colors of joy and left it to his descendants. He opened ancient land Taurida in 1907. And he found himself captivated by the free, vast sea, its deep, noisy voice, and the gray mountains with mysterious peaks. But the ancient settlements and people of those places did not pass by the artist’s keen eye. Yes, and in those gentle lands he was not a swollen idle holidaymaker, but a worker of brush and easel. A man of Siberian blood and irrepressible nature could not do otherwise.

Fate gave Vasily Ivanovich the Crimea four times (1907, 1908, 1913, 1915). The trips lasted for months. We learn about the first from the story of Natalya Konchalovskaya’s granddaughter: “Crimea seemed dazzling to Surikov, he enjoyed swimming, the sun, long walks in the mountains and painted many watercolors in Gurzuf and Simeiz.”
Today we know “Surf”, “Simeiz”, “Crimean Landscape”, “Gurzuf”, “Ai-Petri from Simeiz”, “Sea” and two portraits of E. N. Sabashnikova, the owner of the Simeiz boarding house “Panea”.

The artist was fascinated by the southern coast of Crimea, and from his watercolor works we can see the geography of his routes. In addition to Siemens, Foros, Alupka there was Yalta and, of course, Gurzuf, which Alexander Green called “Envy of the Gods”.
Surikov’s canvases are destined for eternal life. Little is known about the Crimean period of the artist’s life. His paintings will tell the unsaid.

Konstantin Alekseevich Korovin. (1861-1939).
Konstantin Alekseevich Korovin was born on November 23, 1861 ( old style) in a wealthy merchant family. At the age of fourteen he entered the architectural department of the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, where his older brother Sergei, later a famous realist artist, was already studying painting. By this time their family was broke. “I was in great need,” recalled Konstantin Korovin about his years of study, “for fifteen years I had been giving drawing lessons and earning my bread.”
After two years of study, having presented the landscapes painted during the holidays, Korovin moved to the painting department. His teacher was Savrasov, who paid great attention to sketches from nature and taught his students to see the beauty of Russian nature.

Konstantin Korovin loved Crimea, and in Crimea most of all Gurzuf, where he built a dacha according to his own design during one of his rare periods of financial prosperity.
A student of Savrasov and Polenov, a “virtuoso decorator,” as Diaghilev called him, and an artist at the Imperial Theaters, who created stunning sets for famous ballet and opera productions, an expert northern nature, over time Korovin turns color into the main means of expression. Korovin finds harmony of beauty in the colors of France, Spain and Crimea, which captivated the artist. He captivated him so much that Korovin built a dacha in Gurzuf, which turned into a workshop. From 1914 to 1917 Korovin lived at his dacha permanently. His guests here were Chaliapin, Gorky, Surikov, Repin, Kuprin. In his memories of the dacha, the artist especially highlights roses and the sea, the blue Black Sea.

Vasily Dmitrievich Polenov. (1844-1927).
Vasily Dmitrievich Polenov was born in 1844 on June 1 into a noble large family of nobles who lived in the capital in St. Petersburg. This is a Russian artist, a master of historical, landscape and genre painting, teacher.
In 1882, Polenov headed the landscape and still life classes at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. The students doted on him. “His paintings,” recalled A. Golovin, “delighted us with their colorfulness, the abundance of sun and air in them. It was a real revelation." Polenov devoted twelve years of his life to educating young artists. Among his students who later became famous, we note K. Korovin (Polenov treated him most tenderly), I. Levitan, M. Nesterov, A. Golovin, I. Ostroukhov, A. Arkhipov, S. Malyutin.

In September 1887, V.D. Polenov wrote to his wife from Yalta: “The more I walk around the outskirts of Yalta, the more I appreciate Levitan’s sketches. Neither Aivazovsky, nor Lagorio, nor Shishkin, nor Myasoedov gave such truthful and characteristic images Crimea, like Levitan.”
V.D. Polenov was called the “Knight of Beauty.” contemporaries. This definition perfectly expresses the essence and purpose of his aspirations, all his activities, which left a noticeable mark on the history of Russian art at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries.
The works of V. D. Polenov are stored in all major museums in Russia; The Moscow Tretyakov Gallery and the St. Petersburg Russian Museum, proud of several dozen works by the artist, look most preferable against this background (as one would expect).

Isaac Ilyich Levitan. (1860-1900)
Isaac Ilyich Levitan was born on August 30, 1860 in the small Lithuanian town of Kibarty, Kovno province.
His father was a small clerk, his family was large and did not live richly. The future artist’s childhood was so difficult that he subsequently tried never to remember it. At the age of twelve, Levitan entered the Moscow school painting, sculpture and architecture. From the first years of study, the young man attracted the attention of the school teachers, among whom were famous Russian artists Savrasov and Polenov, with his exceptional talent.
In 1879, Levitan was expelled from Moscow: according to a new decree, Jews were prohibited from living in the capital. For some time he and his relatives lived in a dacha in Saltykovka. At the same time, the artist continues to work hard and travel to Moscow every day. Soon on young talent draws attention to P.M. Tretyakov. He purchases the painting “Autumn Day. Sokolniki".

The poor artist's first trip to the south was made possible thanks to the fee received for creating theatrical scenery. In the spring of 1886, Levitan went to Crimea to rest and improve his precarious health: he had a weak heart. He visited Yalta, Massandra, Alupka, Simeiz, Bakhchisarai. The sultry Crimean nature amazed Levitan, he enthusiastically wrote to his friend Anton Chekhov from Yalta: “It’s so good here! Now imagine bright greenery, blue sky, and what a sky! Last night I climbed a rock and looked out over the sea from the top, and you know what, I cried, and cried my heart out; This is where eternal beauty is and this is where a person feels his utter insignificance! What do the words mean? You have to see it for yourself to understand!”

With his work, the artist had a huge influence not only on Russian, but also European art of the 20th century. Having practically become the founder of the mood landscape genre, the master enriched Russian culture, and his spiritual authority played a huge role in the fate of Russian landscape painting.

Vasnetsov Apollinariy Mikhailovich. (1856 - 1933)
Apollinary Mikhailovich Vasnetsov - landscape painter, theater artist.
Born in the village of Ryabovo, Vyatka province, in the family of a priest. He studied painting with V.M. Vasnetsov, his older brother.
The younger brother of the famous Viktor Vasnetsov, much less famous, Apollinary Vasnetsov was by no means his timid shadow, but had a completely original talent. He did not receive a systematic art education. His school was direct communication and collaboration with the largest Russian artists: brother, I. E. Repin, V. D. Polenov and others. Young artist I am primarily interested in the landscape. His early works (1880s) are not free from the influences of his older contemporaries.

In the 1870s, imitating the populists, he became a rural teacher. From 1880 to 1887 he lived in St. Petersburg, worked in the magazines “Picturesque Review”, “World Illustration”, was a member of the “Association of Peredvizhniki” and one of the organizers of the “Union of Russian Artists” (1903). Vasnetsov traveled a lot; an important place in his art is occupied by landscapes of the Urals and Siberia, made in the style of northern modernism (“Taiga in the Urals. Blue Mountain”, 1891; “Kama”, 1895). At the beginning of 1900 he was already a famous artist.

In 1885-1886, Apollinarius Mikhailovich undertook a trip around Russia. He visited Ukraine and Crimea. The artist attached great importance to his trips. In his autobiography we read: “I was raised as a landscape artist by my travels and journeys in my homeland and abroad.”

Vasnetsov’s family keeps “a map of Russia, on which about a hundred points were marked by the artist himself in red pencil - the Urals, Siberia, Crimea, the Caucasus, Ukraine, the coast of the Gulf of Finland, etc., where he wrote sketches and painted.
In the 1890s and 1924, Vasnetsov visited Crimea, where he wrote several interesting works.

From 1901 to 1918, A.M. Vasnetsov taught at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, and led the landscape painting class after the death of I.I. Levitan.
Important place his art featured motifs of the virgin nature of the Urals and Siberia, images of ancient mountains, gloomy forests and deep rivers - epic images, adjacent to the art of northern modernism ("Taiga in the Urals. Blue Mountain", 1891; "Kama", 1895; "Northern Region. Siberian River", 1899).
He went down in history primarily for his historical and architectural paintings.

Serov Valentin Alexandrovich. (1865-1911)
Born into the family of a composer and pianist. Portraitist. Studied with I.E. Repin, then entered the Academy of Arts. Visited Germany, Holland, Italy, where he studied European painting. He was a member of the Association of Peredvizhniki, but after its split he joined the World of Art association. Council Member Tretyakov Gallery. He taught at MUZHVZ.

In 1880, Ilya Repin undertook a trip to Crimea in order to collect material for the monumental canvas “Cossacks”. The aspiring artist Valentin Serov also went on a trip with the master. The paintings, studies, and sketches of the sixteen-year-old youth were not yet fully formed, but already here he shows himself to be a mature and gifted draftsman.
The year 1887 glorified Serov. He painted the famous “Girl with Peaches” (portrait of young Vera Savvishna Mamontova).
In 1904, Valentin Alexandrovich visited Italy, three years later he went to Greece. Serov's works were recognized as the best at the Rome Exhibition of 1911 and demonstrated to the whole world the skill of a pan-European scale that Serov possessed.

Shadrin Alexander Petrovich.
Shadrin Alexander Petrovich was born on April 19, 1942 in the village of Karaidel, Bashkortostan, Russia.
At the end high school in Krasnoyarsk he studied at the art school named after. V. Surikov, where he received his first serious skills in drawing and painting.
Service in the navy in 1961-1965 brought him to Sevastopol, with which the artist linked his future destiny.
In 1970 he graduated from Orlovsky pedagogical institute Faculty of Art and Graphics, head: People's Artist of the Russian Federation, Professor A.I. Kurnakov.
He devoted many years to the restoration of the subject plan of the panorama “Defense of Sevastopol 1854-55,” where he worked under the guidance of the oldest artist V.I. Grandi-Gaditsky, who instilled a love for working from life, studying it in the spirit of the artists of Russian impressionism. Working en plein air with People's Artist Ukraine P.K. Stolyarenko and Honored Artists of Ukraine A.E. Vigilantly, developed and enriched his artistic palette.
Participant in many regional, republican and international exhibitions. The artist’s paintings are kept in seven art museums in Ukraine and Russia, as well as in private collections in Germany, the USA, England, France, Italy, etc.
Member of the National Union of Artists of Ukraine since 1992.
Honored Artist of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea since 2003.

Arkhip Ivanovich Kuindzhi.
The surprise is caused by such a detail that the exact date of Kuindzhi’s birth has not been established. The biography begins with hesitation - either 1841 or 1842. It's not important, but it's strange. In the same unusual way, the translation of his surname, which meant goldsmith, will be reflected in all his activities as a painter. Arkhip was orphaned early. He was raised by poor relatives. Studying without diligence, he continuously drew on every scrap of paper that came to hand. ......

Later, Arkhip Kuindzhi served with the Italian grain merchant Amoretti. His position was called “room boy,” that is, servant. The drawing lasted. One of the host’s guests advised Arkhip Kuindzhi to go to Feodosia, to see the famous artist I. Aivazovsky, and even gave him a letter of recommendation. In 1855, at the height of Crimean War, Arkhip Kuindzhi goes to Crimea on foot. Aivazovsky was not in Feodosia at that time, so the young artist Adolf Fesler, a student of the marine painter, helped Kuindzhi get a job

Kuindzhi was very fond of the amazing nature of Crimea, and often depicted it in his paintings and sketches.

Chernetsov Nikanor Grigorievich.
Artist Chernetsov Nikanor Grigorievich - academician of landscape painting, born in 1804, died on January 11, 1879, brother of Grigory Grigorievich Chernetsov; I was inferior to him in abilities and prevailed mainly through diligence and perseverance. He was born in the city of Lukha, Kostroma province; The Society for the Encouragement of Artists educated him at its own expense at the Academy of Arts, where he studied in the class of M. Vorobyov. In 1827 he was awarded a silver medal of the 1st dignity for landscape painting; in the same year, for the view of the gallery in the Imperial Hermitage, he received a second gold medal and the title of artist of the XIV class.

Traveled around the Caucasus (1829 - 1831) and Crimea (1833 - 1836). The Crimean series of sketches and watercolors by N. Chernetsov is the first in Russian art in terms of number and diversity. From 1837 he worked with his brother on a panorama of the banks of the Volga, combining classical panoramic constructions with documentary accuracy of details. The Chernetsov brothers made a great contribution to the development of Russian landscape, primarily with national themes.

Changed: Nadezda reason: Adding news.

Crimea, by its nature and beauty, is
always attracted people to him
art. These were both artists and
poets, directors, actors,
musicians. Everyone went to Crimea on
relaxation and inspiration. Landscapes
the peninsula delighted them all.
Today's post is about artists whose
painting is somehow connected with
this amazing place.
Peninsula art
was formed under the influence
many cultures, but at the same time
autonomous and a little withdrawn.
Scythians, Taurians, Cimmerians,
Genoese, Tatars, Armenians, Slavs -
all the peoples who inhabited Crimea
brought with them the best and
weaved it into the common carpet
arts and crafts,
architecture and later art
fine art