Writers, with the aim of aesthetically influencing readers through artistic images and expressing their thoughts through symbols, feelings and emotions, use a variety of means in their literary works artistic expression– tropes used figuratively to enhance the imagery of language and expressiveness of speech.
Such literary devices include personification, also called personification or prosopopoeia. Often this trope helps to depict nature in lyrics, endowing it with human qualities and properties.
In ancient times, the animation of natural forces among ancient people was a way of understanding and perceiving the world, an attempt to interpret the structure of the world. Most readers perceive poetic works without thinking about why the device of personification is used.
Personification is a literary and linguistic device based on the transfer of human characteristics and attributes to inanimate things and phenomena of the surrounding world.
This literary device is a special case of metaphor; it helps to create unique semantic models that give the work color and figurative expressiveness.
Using this technique, objects in literary works are given:
- gift of speech;
- talent to think;
- the ability to feel;
- ability to worry;
- ability to act.
Even the most ordinary ones conversational phrases may represent elements of ancient tropes, when in a conversation people say that “the sun rises and sets,” “the stream is running,” “the blizzard is howling,” “the frost is drawing patterns,” and “the leaves are whispering.”
Here are the most obvious examples of personification in real life: oral speech. The ancient Greeks figuratively depicted happiness in the form of the capricious goddess Fortuna.
The term “personification” has a Latin synonym – “personification” (person + do); among the ancient Greeks it sounds like “prosopopoeia”.
Wikipedia defines personification as a term used in psychology when the qualities of one person are mistakenly attributed to another.
IN ancient greek mythology the relationship of the gods Uranus and Gaia was interpreted as a marriage bond connecting heaven and earth, as a result of which mountains, vegetation, and fauna appeared.
Our ancient ancestors associated Perun with thundering and sparkling natural phenomena; other gods were responsible in mythology for the wind, water, and sun.
It is in mythology that speaking representatives of the animal world initially appear, and things perform actions completely uncharacteristic for them.
Important! In myths on specific example it was much easier to explain and illustrate the essence of things, the motives for the emergence of phenomena and the emergence of humanity.
Many gods, embodied in objects deprived of souls, were endowed with living characters. Moreover, the myths were perceived quite realistically, and the listeners believed that this was really happening.
Often the literary device of personalization is heard in fairy tales, where objects can move independently, animals are able to speak with human voices and think like people. Fairy tales are not intended to explain incomprehensible phenomena; all the characters in them are fictitious.
Appointment in art
The artistic device is often used in literary works of prose and lyrical genres to solve many problems. different tasks. Personifications add emotional nuances to the text, drawing the reader’s attention to the content of the work and serving to better perceive it.
In the poem by A.A. Blok there are examples of personification: “nurse silence” in one, in another - “the white dress sang in the beam”, “winter storms cried”, “starry dreams soared”, “strings cried”.
The literary device is also presented in the works of B.L. Pasternak: “the forest... drops sweat in drops,” “July, carrying the fluff of dandelions.”
Note! Literary devices are often used not only in works of art, but also in popular science literature, and also as one of the marketing principles.
A literary device can stimulate the reader’s imagination, giving him the opportunity to experience the content of a work more picturesquely and expressively.
Quite often used in gaming methods teaching children.
For example, when studying fables saturated with these tropes, animals are endowed with various human properties, as in the fable of I.A. Krylov "Quartet".
As a result, children perceive the plot of the work more vividly and understand the moral. It is not always possible to determine why personification is used.
Experts note the increasing stages of trope distinction based on their action in a literary work and in conversation:
The conceptual content of tropes can have many nuances.
In “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign” imagery and expressiveness are achieved thanks to literary techniques that personify natural phenomena. Plants and animals are endowed with emotions, the ability to empathize with the author and characters, and they, in turn, turn to the forces of nature for help and receive it.
In Pushkin's "The Tale of dead princess“The prince directly questions the animate forces of nature. In the fables of I.A. Krylov's trope means something different; it is used as an allegory: the wolf personifies cruelty, the monkey - stupidity.
Plyushkin is a symbol of extreme stinginess, Manilov is a symbol of unreasonable daydreaming.
And A.S. Pushkin's means of expression receives social and political meaning.
The subtext of ancient personifications is moralizing and interesting to our contemporaries.
The word "zodiac" is translated from Greek as "animals in a circle", and the twelve zodiac signs symbolize key features of human nature.
Such words usually correctly establish the qualities of people, and their use in ordinary conversation makes the speech brighter and more attractive.
The everyday speech of people whom everyone is interested in listening to or reading is also usually full of tropes, but people are so accustomed to hearing them that they do not even perceive these phrases as a literary device.
This began with the use in conversation of quotations from works of literature, which became an inseparable part of speech, turning into everyday expressions. A typical trope is the phrase “the clock is rushing,” but it is no longer perceived as a figurative device.
Impersonation Examples
It is from literary works that new personifications appear, which serve for greater expressiveness, and they are not at all difficult to find.
Personifications in the works of S.A. Yesenin: “the forest rings with gilded coniferous trees,” “the fir trees dream of the hubbub of the mowers,” “the willows hear the whistling of the wind,” “the golden grove dissuaded,” “the bird cherry tree sprinkles snow,” “in the evening the feather grass whispered to the traveler,” “the hemp tree is dreaming.”
In the poem by N.A. Zabolotsky: “the stream, panting, sings,” “the heart does not hear the correct harmonies,” “sad nature lies around, sighing heavily.” These examples show what personification is in literature.
Useful video
Let's sum it up
Personification is considered a wonderful tool that allows, through successful use, to enhance expressiveness and emotionality. literary work or ordinary speech.
The technique can be used in many cases - from myths and folklore to popular science texts. Many of them have entered our speech so firmly that they are not even felt as means of expression, have become everyday and familiar.
Writers and poets regularly create new, memorable, bright and imaginative personifications, captivating readers with picturesque pictures and conveying their mood.
Grade 10 Topic: Personification. Use in fiction, scientific style and journalism.Target
:
give an idea of the new art. reception in conjunction with others visual means language;develop thin speech and figurative thinking;cultivate a love for nature using texts.
a) An epithet is an artistic definition.curly birch
b) Comparison is an art. a technique when one object is compared to another.
Eyes like flowers in a field
(N.A. Nekrasov)
c) Personification is the transfer of human properties to inanimate objects and natural phenomena. eg:The bowler is angry and mutters
d) Speech styles: scientific, colloquial, journalistic, artistic.
2) Design of the board: number, topic of the lesson, quatrain by I. Bunin:
The plain of waters on the horizon fades,
And in it the moon is reflected as a pillar,
Bowing his transparent face, it brightens
And she looks sad in the water.
H) Handout: excerpts of poems containing personifications.
Along a dark forest path,
Where the bluebells bloom
Under the light and through shadow
The bushes are leading me
.
I. Bunin. "In the forest".
With deliberate monotony
Like an ointment, thick blue
Lies bunnies on the ground
And gets our sleeves dirty. B. Pasternak. "Pines".
Golden clouds are walking
Above the resting earth,
The fields are spacious, silent
They shine, drenched in dew.
I.S. Turgenev. "Spring Evening"
^ LESSON PLAN
1. CHECKING YOUR HOMEWORK
^ 2. PREPARATION FOR THE PERCEPTION OF NEW LEARNING MATERIAL
A) Teacher: What artistic techniques does the author use in the texts of the story “The Meshchera Side”?
What is an epithet? Comparison?
B) Teacher: In what style of speech are these artistic techniques used? - table “Speech styles”.
^ 3. STUDYING NEW MATERIAL
1. Teacher: Today we are studying another one artistic technique- personification. With its help, they create artistic images writers.
Even the poets of antiquity noticed that various natural phenomena, their character, and characteristics have much in common with human behavior, phenomena and attributes of people’s lives. Suffice it to recall many superstitions concerning, for example, weather conditions. It’s not for nothing that rain was compared to the tears of the sky, and thunder and lightning – to its anger. Over time, science nevertheless managed to convince humanity that during a rainstorm the sky is not sad and does not cry, and thunder is just a sound made by atmospheric gases heated by a lightning strike. But the desire to endow inanimate objects, objects or abstract concepts with the qualities of living beings has never disappeared. This is a unique property human psyche created all the prerequisites for the emergence of personification, a figurative means of language used in fiction and conversation. speech.
Definition and examples of avatars
In a broad sense, personification is the transfer of characteristics, properties, skills inherent in animate, living beings to inanimate objects or abstract concepts.
An example of personification can be such familiar phrases as:it's raining (in fact, rain can't walk), the sky is crying (n ebo cannot cry the way a living person does),the wind howls (the sound of the wind is only similar to the howl of an animal, in reality the wind cannot howl),the clouds are frowning .
Willow is crying ( the willow is a tree, and therefore cannot cry, this is just a description of its spreading flexible branches, which resemble tirelessly flowing tears).
Guitar playing (the guitar itself cannot play, it just makes sounds when someone plays it).
Nature fell asleep ( the phenomenon when the street is quiet and calm is called the sleepy state of nature, although she cannot sleep, in fact the wind simply does not blow, and it seems as if everything around is bewitched by sleep). Thunder rolled across the sky ( he doesn't have a cart to ride on, in fact the sound of thunder was made and spread through space). The dense forest became thoughtful (the forest is calm and silent, which supposedly characterizes his thoughtfulness and gloominess).Goats spruce sits in a sheaf ( he eats hay with his head down and without lifting it, and not in literally sat down in the sheaf and sits in it).Z ima came (in fact, she doesn’t know how to walk, it’s just that a different time of year has arrived. Moreover, the verb “has arrived” is also personification).
For example, in Yesenin you can find the following lines:“Winter sings, calls, the shaggy forest lulls.” It is clear that winter as a season cannot make sounds, and the forest makes noise only because of the wind. Personification allows you to create a vivid image in the reader, convey the mood of the hero, and emphasize some action.
Personification in colloquial speech
In lively conversational speech, personifications occur so often that many have simply stopped noticing them. For example, have you ever thought that the phrase:“Finance sings romances ”, - is this also an impersonation? This figurative and expressive means of language in colloquial speech is used to give it greater imagery, make it brighter and more interesting, and therefore extremely popular. But, even despite the widespread use of personification in everyday speech, this trope is in greatest “demand” in fiction. Poets and prose writers all over the world constantly use personification in their works. Familiar phrases "the milk has run away”, “the heart is acting up”, are also personifications. Using this literary device in conversation makes speech figurative and interesting.
Personification in fiction
Take any volume of poems by any Russian or foreign poet. Open it to any page and read any poem. You will probably be able to spot at least one impersonation. If this is a work about nature, then personifications using natural phenomena cannot be avoided(frost draws patterns, leaves whisper, waves die, etc. .). If this love lyrics, then personifications using abstract concepts are often used (love sings, joy rings, melancholy eats ). In social or political lyrics, personifications using such concepts as: Motherland, peace, brotherhood, courage, bravery are not uncommon (homeland is mother, the world sighed with relief).
Personification is often confused with metaphor. But a metaphor is just a figurative meaning of a word, a figurative comparison. For example, “And you laugh with a wondrous laugh, SNAKE IN A golden BOWL.” There is no animation of nature here. Therefore, it is not difficult to distinguish personification from metaphors.
Examples of avatars :
And woe, woe, woe!
And bastgrief is girded ,
Bastslegs are tangled . (folk song)
Personification of winter:
THE gray-haired sorceress is coming,
Shaggy WAVES HIS SLEEVE;
And snow, and scum, and frost is FLOWING,
And turns water into ice.
From her cold BREATH
Nature's gaze is numb...
(G. Derzhavin)
After all, autumn is already in the yard
LOOKS through the spindle.
Winter follows her
WALKS IN A WARM FUR COAT,
The path is covered with snow,
It crunches under the sleigh... (M. Koltsov)
Description of the flood in " Bronze Horseman» Pushkin:
“...The Neva all night/rushed towards the sea against the storm,/not being able to overcome their violent foolishness.../and it became impossible for it to argue.../The weather became even more ferocious,/the Neva swelled and roared.../and suddenly , like a frantic beast, / rushed towards the city... / Siege! Attack! evil waves/like thieves climb through the windows,” etc.
“The golden cloud spent the night...” (M. Lermontov)
"Through the azure twilight of the night
The snowy Alps LOOK
Their EYES are dead
SMASHED with icy horror" (F. Tyutchev)
"The warm wind blows quietly,
The steppe BREATHES with fresh life " (A. Fet)
" White birch
Below my window
COVERED WITH SNOW,
Exactly silver.
On fluffy branches
Snow border
The brushes have blossomed
White fringe.
And the birch tree stands
In sleepy silence,
And the snowflakes are burning
In golden fire.
And the dawn, LAZY
WALKING AROUND
SPRAYS branches
New silver." (S. Yesenin “Birch”):
Among the personifications of true poetry there are no simple, philistine, primitive personifications that we are accustomed to using in everyday life.
Each personification is an image. This is the meaning of using personification. The poet does not use it as a “thing in itself”; in his poetry, personification rises above the “worldly level” and moves to the level of imagery. With the help of personifications, Yesenin creates a special picture. Nature in the poem is alive - but not just alive, but endowed with character and emotions. Nature is the main character of his poem.
How sad look against this background the attempts of many poets to create a beautiful poem about nature, where “the wind blows”, “the moon shines”, “the stars shine”, etc. forever. All these personifications are hackneyed and worn out, they do not generate any imagery and, therefore, are boring. But this does not mean that they cannot be used. And the erased personification can be raised to the level of an image.
For example, in the poem “It’s Snowing” by Boris Pasternak:
It's snowing, it's snowing.
To the white stars in a snowstorm
Geranium flowers stretch
For the window frame.
It's snowing and everything is IN CONFUSION,
Everything starts to fly -
Black staircase steps,
Crossroads turn.
It's snowing, it's snowing,
It's like it's not flakes that are falling,
And in a patched coat
The firmament is falling to the ground.
As if looking like an eccentric,
From the top landing,
STEALING, PLAYING HIDE AND HIDE,
The sky is coming down from the attic.
Because life DOES NOT WAIT.
Before you look back, it’s Christmas time.
Only a short period,
Look, there's a new year there.
The snow is falling, thick and thick.
In step with him, with those FOOT,
At the same pace, WITH LAZINESS
Or at the same speed
MAYBE TIME PASSES?
Maybe year after year
Follow as the snow falls
Or like the words in a poem?
It's snowing, it's snowing,
It's snowing and everything is in turmoil:
White pedestrian
SURPRISED plants,
Crossroads turn."
Notice how many personifications there are here. "The sky is coming down from the attic ", steps and intersections that take flight! Alone "surprised plants "what are they worth! And the refrain (constant repetition) “It is snowing "translates simple personification to the level of semantic repetition - and this is already a symbol. The personification “It’s snowing” is a symbol of the passing of time.
Therefore, in your poems, you should try to USE PERSONIFICATION NOT JUST BY ITSELF, BUT SO THAT IT PLAYS A CERTAIN ROLE.
Personifications are also used in fiction. For example, there is an excellent example of personification in the novelAndrey Bitov " Pushkin House " The prologue describes the wind circling over St. Petersburg, and the entire city is shown from the point of view of this wind. Wind - main character prologue. No less remarkable is the image of the title character of Nikolai Gogol’s story “The Nose”. The nose is not only personified and personified (i.e. endowed with features human personality), but also becomes a symbol of the duality of the protagonist.
A few more examples of personification in prose speech:
The first rays of the morning sun STEALED across the meadow.
Snow BLACKED the ground like a mother's baby.
The moon WINKED through the heights of the clouds.
At exactly 6:30 am my alarm clock came alive.
The ocean DANCED in the moonlight.
I heard the island CALLING me.
Thunder grumbled like an old man.
Which part of the sentence makes inanimate objects animate? - Predicate.
As an avatar (a word that gives life to objects) often appearsverb, which can be either before or after the noun that it describes, or rather, brings it into action, animates it and creates the impression that an inanimate object can exist just as fully as a person. But this is not just a verb, but a part of speech that takes on much more more features, turning speech from ordinary into bright and mysterious, into unusual and at the same time capable of telling about a lot of things that characterize the techniques of personification.
4. SECURING
1. Finding personifications in the text:
2. Poetic moment - children, under the guidance of a teacher, work with handouts.
5. MISENSCENING.
^ 6. CREATIVE FIVE MINUTES
1.Task. Personify objects of the surrounding world and write examples in a notebook.
Answers: The eraser argued with the pencil on the paper.
The floor groaned and groaned as people walked on it.
^ 7. HOMEWORK
1. Everyone - learn the definition of personification.
2. Select and complete the task as desired:
Level 1 - retell the theory. mat..
Level 2 - find personifications in the texts and write them down.
Level 3 - come up with and write down personifications; develop some of them to fairy tale plot.
^ 8. LESSON RESULT: What is personification?
Even in ancient times, people endowed surrounding objects and phenomena with human characteristics. For example, the earth was called mother, and rain was compared to tears.
Over time, the desire to humanize inanimate objects has disappeared, but in literature and in conversation we still encounter these figures of speech. This figurative means of language is called personification. So what is personification?
Personification: Definition and Functions
Personification is a literary device in which inanimate objects are endowed with properties that are inherent in living beings. Sometimes this turn of phrase is called personification.
Personification is used by many prose writers and poets. For example, in Yesenin you can find the following lines: “Winter sings, echoes, the shaggy forest lulls.” It is clear that winter as a season cannot make sounds, and the forest makes noise only because of the wind. Personification allows you to create a vivid image in the reader, convey the mood of the hero, and emphasize some action.
What personification is in literature is clear, but this turn of phrase is also used in colloquial speech. The familiar phrases “the milk has run away”, “the heart is acting up” are also personifications. Using this literary device in a conversation makes the speech figurative and interesting. However, we don’t even think about using this technique.
You can also give examples of personifications. For example, we often say that it is raining (even though the rain clearly has no legs) or that the clouds are frowning (it is clear that clouds cannot experience any emotions).
In general, we can say that personification is a literary turn, in other words, a language trope, in which the inanimate is endowed with the signs and qualities of the living. Personification is often confused with metaphor. It is worth understanding that a metaphor is just a figurative meaning of a word, a figurative comparison. For example - " Golden autumn" Therefore, it is not difficult to distinguish personification from other literary expressions.
Personification
Personification
PERSONIFICATION (or personification) is an expression that gives an idea of a concept or phenomenon by depicting it in the form of a living person endowed with the properties of this concept (for example, the Greek and Roman depiction of happiness in the form of a capricious goddess of fortune, etc.). Very often O. is used when depicting nature, endowed with certain human traits, “animated”, for example: “the sea laughed” (Gorky) or the description of the flood in Pushkin’s “The Bronze Horseman”: “...Neva all night / rushed to the sea against the storm, / not having overcome their violent foolishness... / and she was unable to argue... / The weather became even more ferocious, / the Neva swelled and roared... / and suddenly, like a frantic beast, / on the city rushed.../Siege! Attack! evil waves/like thieves climb through the windows,” etc.
O. was especially in use in precision and false-classical poetry, where it was carried out consistently and extensively; in Russian literature, examples of such O. were given by Tredyakovsky: “Ride to the Island of Love”, (St. Petersburg), 1730.
O. is essentially, therefore, a transference of signs of animation onto a concept or phenomenon and represents it as such. arr. type of metaphor (see). Trails.
Literary encyclopedia. - At 11 t.; M.: Publishing House of the Communist Academy, Soviet encyclopedia, Fiction. Edited by V. M. Fritsche, A. V. Lunacharsky. 1929-1939 .
Personification
Literature and language. Modern illustrated encyclopedia. - M.: Rosman. Edited by prof. Gorkina A.P. 2006 .
Personification
PERSONALIZATION Also personification(lat. persona and facio), prosopopoeia(Greek Προσωποποια), is a stylistic term denoting the depiction of an inanimate or abstract object as animate. The question of how much personification corresponds to the poet’s actual view of things goes beyond stylistics and relates to the field of worldview in general. Where the poet himself believes in the animation of the object he depicts, one should not even talk about personification as a phenomenon of style, for it is then associated not with the techniques of depiction, but with a certain, animistic worldview and attitude. The object is already perceived as animate and is depicted as such. It is in this sense that many personifications in folk poetry must be interpreted, when they relate not to techniques, not to a form of expression, but to the animated object itself, i.e., to the content of the work. This is especially evident in any mythological work. On the contrary, personification, as a phenomenon of style, appears in those cases when it is used as allegory, i.e., as an image of an object that stylistically transforms his. Of course, it is not always possible to establish with accuracy what order of personification we are dealing with, just as in a metaphor it is difficult to find objective signs of the degree of its real imagery. Therefore, stylistic research often cannot do without attracting data from the field of individual poetic worldview. Thus, many personifications of natural phenomena in Goethe, Tyutchev, German romantics should not be considered as a stylistic device, but as essential features of their general view of the world. These, for example, are Tyutchev’s personifications of the wind - “What are you howling about, night wind, Why are you complaining so madly?”; a thunderstorm that “will suddenly and recklessly run into the oak grove”; lightning, which “like deaf-mute demons, conduct a conversation among themselves”; trees that “joyfully tremble, bathing in the blue sky” - for all this is consistent with the poet’s attitude towards nature, which he himself expressed in a special poem: “Not what you think, nature is not a cast, not a soulless face. It has a soul, it has freedom, it has love, it has language,” etc. On the contrary, in such works as fables, parables, and different types allegories (see), we should talk about personification as an artistic device. Compare, for example, Krylov’s fables about inanimate objects (“Cauldron and Pot”, “Guns and Sails”, etc.)
Especially in cases of the so-called. incomplete personification, it is common stylistic device, which is used not only by poetry, but also by everyday speech. Here we are dealing, strictly speaking, only with individual elements of personification, often so included in everyday speech that their direct meaning is no longer felt. Wed, for example, such expressions as: “The sun rises, sets”, “the train is coming”, “streams are running”, “the moan of the wind”, “the howling of the motel”, etc. Most of these expressions are one of the types of metaphor , and the same should be said about their meaning in poetic style as about metaphor (see). Examples of stylistic personifications: “The air does not want to overcome its drowsiness... The stars of the night, Like accusatory eyes, look at him mockingly. And the poplars, crowded in a row, shaking their heads low, like judges whispering among themselves” (Pushkin); “Nozdryov had long ago stopped whistling, but there was one pipe in the barrel organ, a very lively one, that did not want to calm down, and for a long time afterwards it whistled alone” (Gogol); “A bird will fly out - my longing, sit on a branch and begin to sing” (Akhmatova). The depiction of plants and animals in the image of people, as found in fairy tales, fables, and animal epics, can also be considered a type of personification.
A. Petrovsky. Literary Encyclopedia: Dictionary literary terms: In 2 volumes / Edited by N. Brodsky, A. Lavretsky, E. Lunin, V. Lvov-Rogachevsky, M. Rozanov, V. Cheshikhin-Vetrinsky. - M.; L.: Publishing house L. D. Frenkel, 1925
Synonyms:
See what “Impersonation” is in other dictionaries:
Churches. Statue of Strasbourg Cathedral Personification (personification, prosopopoeia) of the trope ... Wikipedia
Prosopopoeia, embodiment, personification, anthropomorphism, animation, humanization, metaphor, representation, epitome, expression Dictionary of Russian synonyms. personification 1. humanization, animation, personification 2. see embodiment ... Synonym dictionary
PERSONIFICATION, personification, cf. (book). 1. units only Action under Ch. personify personify. The personification of the forces of nature primitive peoples. 2. what. The embodiment of some elemental force, a natural phenomenon in the form of a living creature. God… … Dictionary Ushakova
Personification- PERSONIFICATION is also personification (Latin: Persona and facio), prosopopoeia (Greek: Προσωποποια), a stylistic term denoting the depiction of an inanimate or abstract object as animate. The question is how much personification... ... Dictionary of literary terms
Personification, the property inherent in mythopoetic consciousness of transferring to inanimate things and phenomena the traits of living beings: human (anthropomorphism, anthropopathism) or animals (zoomorphism), as well as endowing animals with human qualities. IN … Encyclopedia of Mythology
- (prosopopoeia) a type of metaphor, transferring the properties of animate objects to inanimate ones (Her nurse is silence..., A. A. Blok) ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
PERSONIFICATION, I, cf. 1. see personify. 2. what. About a living being: the embodiment of what n. features, properties. Plyushkin O. stinginess. O. kindness. Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 … Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary
personification- PERSONIFY1, embodiment PERSONIFIED, embodied PERSONIFY / PERSONIFY, embody / embody PERSONIFY2, spiritualization, animation, humanization, personification, book. anthropomorphism ANIMATION,... ... Dictionary-thesaurus of synonyms of Russian speech
personification- impersonation Occurs when an object pretends to be someone or something. [Cryptographic Dictionary by Karen Isaguliev www.racal.ru ] Topics information Technology in general Synonyms impersonation EN impersonation ... Technical Translator's Guide
I; Wed 1. to Personify (1 character). and Personify. O. forces of nature. 2. Image of which l. elemental force, a natural phenomenon in the form of a living being. Dove o. peace. 3. what. The embodiment of an idea, concept, etc. properties, qualities in human... ... encyclopedic Dictionary
Books
- The personification of history. Issue 2. Rich people, Daria Prikhodko. In the collection “Personification of History. Rich Men" included twelve biographical essays, the heroes of which were: one of the richest residents of the United States...
Personification is an artistic technique quite often used in literature, the essence of which is to transfer personality characteristics to inanimate objects. With its help, figurative speech is ensured. This artistic technique is a variation. With its help, you can create original semantic structures that add color to the text. For example, “the reeds whisper” (which in real life can only be done by humans).
You can also find the name “personification”, which is a synonym. Wikipedia writes that personification is a term that is used in psychology when a person mistakes their qualities and emotional reactions attributes to another person(this mechanism is called projection, which underlies this process). In sociology, personification is used to shift responsibility for bad events to another person.
Functions of personification in art
This artistic technique is used to solve various problems.
- Adding playful aspects to children's learning. For example, fables are full of personifications various kinds. Animals are endowed with human qualities, making it more interesting for the child to perceive the plot and find the moral of the work.
- Creating an emotional tone of the text. Personification can be used to attract the reader's attention to the work. It can find application not only in fiction, but also in popular science. Personification is often used as one of the marketing techniques.
- Stimulate the reader’s imagination, give him the opportunity to experience what he read more colorfully.
And a number of other tasks are set by personification. This is what personification is used for.
Where is personification used?
One of the genres where personification is especially active is myth. In the texts of ancient peoples, human qualities were attributed to plants, animals, seas and oceans. Using an example, it was much easier to explain the essence of things, the reasons for the origin of the universe and the appearance of living beings. There were many gods who were embodied in inanimate objects and animals and had the same character traits as people.
Personification is also used in a fairy tale. We must draw a line between myth and fairy tale. The first is perceived as reality. That is, they believe in personification, denying that it is just an artistic device. In the case of a fairy tale, everything is clear - the characters are fictional. It does not aim to explain incomprehensible things like the origin of life on Earth.
Personification can also be used V scientific literature , although its quantity is significantly less than in fiction. It is most often used in the form set expressions type “it’s raining”, which are used everywhere. That is, personification in scientific texts is used unconsciously, without the goal of creating colorfulness. Personification manifests itself most actively in art, not science.
How to find an avatar?
It is not difficult to find personification in prose or poetry. To do this, you need to start from the definition. Personification is when not a person endowed with human qualities. Example - the sun has set. So, in famous poem A. S. Pushkin “Near the Lukomorye there is a green oak tree” from the poem “Ruslan and Lyudmila” there are the following lines:
And day and night, the learned cat keeps walking around the chain. He goes to the right - he starts a song, to the left - he tells a fairy tale.
Obviously, a cat cannot sing or tell a story; only humans can do this. This technique is called personification or personification.
What is the difference between personification and allegory?
Very often one can confuse personification and. Well, indeed, in both cases certain qualities are embodied in specific objects or living beings. However, there is a difference between these concepts. Personification is a type of metaphor and is a simple associative artistic device.
conclusions
Personification is a good tool that will help add expressiveness due to a successful comparison. It is used in a huge number of areas, from myths to scientific texts. This is a powerful technique that must be used carefully and in moderation.
