How does a theater costume designer work? How to set up a costume room in a theater Where theatergoers' clothes are stored

an employee of one of the theater's production departments, in charge of costumes.

The functions of a costume designer include:

1. Maintaining theatrical costumes in proper order. The dresser must monitor their cleanliness, and, if necessary, send the costumes to be washed or dry cleaned. Make minor repairs to suits in a timely manner, or, if major repairs are necessary, send them to the sewing workshop. If a costume becomes completely unusable, the costume designer must promptly notify the head of the production department about this, so that the duplicate is sewn by the required deadline, and its absence does not lead to the disruption of the performance. All theatrical costumes are placed in the costume shop in strict order, and are provided with labels with the actor’s name so that, if there is a backup cast for the same role, each actor receives his own costume, and not a partner.

2. Preparing costumes for the performance. The costume for each role is supplied with an inventory containing a register of all necessary details shoes, hats, underwear, accessories, etc. On the day of the performance, the costume designer must check the completeness of the costume, iron it and take it to the performers' makeup rooms.

3. Helping the actor get dressed. This is especially true for complex historical costumes, which are impossible to put on without outside help (for example, corsets or crinoline skirts).

The costume designer works closely with the make-up artist, because The sequence of makeup, hairstyles and costumes is determined individually. For example, Othello's makeup, which includes tinting not only the face, but also the hands, as well as other open areas of the body, must be performed before putting on the costume. However, in the same production, Desdemona's complex classical hairstyle must be done by the make-up artist after the actress puts on the costume.

Another close partner of the costume designer is the props manager, who is in charge of weapons, orders and other insignia, canes, flowers, jewelry, glasses, watches, letters, etc.

In large theaters with a large troupe, costumes (and, accordingly, costume designers who deal with them) are divided into men's and women's; on the costumes of the main characters and extras; costumes for ballet and opera dancers, etc.

In the process of preparing a new performance, the costume designer works in contact with the artist and is present at costume fittings. A professional costume designer must have sufficient knowledge of both modern fashion, and historical costume. In theaters with great history costume designers are often in charge of costumes of great value, not only material, but also historical. Such historical values ​​are transferred to theater museums, but some of them and sometimes a considerable end up in costume shops. In the future, it depends only on the artistic taste and sense of responsibility of the costume designer whether these costumes will be destroyed or carefully preserved as an important part of the material history of the theater.

Tatiana Shabalina

No theater is complete without a costume room - a room in which costumes for performances are stored. In terms of its purpose, the costume room is in many ways similar to the dressing room, but at the same time it still has its own specifics. First of all, this is due to the features and number of things that are stored there, because the number of theatrical and masquerade costumes can reach not only several hundred, but even thousands of units. To make stage costumes, not only fabrics are used, but also other materials, for example, paper or cardboard. In order not to spoil the product, it is necessary to store it correctly, because many “non-standard” materials cannot be subjected to deformation, so such unusual clothes cannot simply be put on a shelf. In this case, the optimal solution would be to buy a hanger. This design is intended not only for storing, but also for displaying clothes. Most often, such equipment is installed in stores, but it is also relevant for costume departments in theaters and film studios. If your institution specializes in providing rental services for fancy dress costumes, this design will also be a functional option. A floor hanger, which you can purchase from our company, will allow you to fully demonstrate the assortment available. To store hats and shoes, you will need special brackets and drawers, respectively. If the room is small, pay attention to ergonomic built-in furniture.

Additional equipment for dressing rooms

One of the main rooms in the theater, such as an auditorium, stage, etc. There is also a costume department, without which it is impossible to prepare any performance at a professional level. Even a monologue by one actor also implies the use of costumes from the theater’s reserves, which are necessarily stored there.

But keyword they are “stored” here, which means that optimal conditions should be created so that fabrics, which are considered a rather fancy material, are preserved for as long as possible. Sometimes even costumes are made of paper or cardboard, which put even more demands on their safety. In principle, a costume room is in many ways similar to a dressing room, so you can use advice on the Internet for arranging such a room. But there are also specifics that require special subtleties.

Window installation

Natural lighting must be present in the dressing room, because under the light of artificial lamps or sun rays the same paints look different. But first it is better to provide additional protection against UV radiation or immediately order a special double-glazed window that reflects solar ultraviolet radiation.

Modern windows for a dressing room are also good because they maintain a uniform temperature and the state of the internal atmosphere, eliminating waterlogging or sharp fluctuations in degrees. But this is possible if, when installing windows, all the basic rules and recommendations are followed, about which we advise the specialists of the Rehau Partner company to learn more about. This will avoid drafts through the frames, the formation of condensation on the glass unit and, as a result, will extend the service life beyond the period established by the manufacturer.

Equipment installation

The most popular item in a costume room is a hanger - a special design that allows not only to store costumes without deforming them, but also to facilitate the display of clothes. The hanger has a floor design, so there is no need to think through special fastenings for these products; it is enough to purchase them in the required quantity. Each design is designed for a certain number of suits, and the recommendations of their manufacturers should not be violated in order to ensure air access to clothing and reduce possible contact to avoid the formation of mold.

Special brackets are selected for hats, but if space allows, you can also install furniture with drawers that will protect them from dust.

Buy additional accessories

Often, in order to save space, the costume room is combined with a dressing room and a rest room. These rooms use a different set of equipment, so it is important to arrange it in such a way as to maintain ergonomics and not create unnecessary inconvenience for operating personnel.

www.rivkina.ru "/>

FRONT LODGE - seats in the auditorium, the room in front of the entrance to the box.
PROSCENE - the front part of the stage (between the curtain and the ramp).
SITE ADMINISTRATOR - ensuring filming on film set. “Silence on site” and any organizational issues. Supervises workers (carrying, installation, work action).
ACT - a completed part of a dramatic work or theatrical performance; same as action.
ACTOR, actress - performer (performer) of roles.
MASS SCENES ACTOR - a crowd actor who performs a role without words. Same as an extra.
ACTING DATABASE is a special card index that is used in the work of specialists in the selection of performers - casting directors, casting managers, extras foremen, assistant directors.
ACTORS' SHOP - report to the production director, second director, assistant director.
ACTORS AGENCY is the same recruiting agency, only engaged in the selection of creative personnel. When joining an agency, actors enter into an agreement under which a certain portion of the fee (usually 10-15%) goes to the company. It's about, of course, only about those projects where the actor was invited by the agency.
ACTOR'S PORTFOLIO - special working photographs of the actor; when meeting with the assistant director and casting directors, actors must leave pictures from their portfolio. Photos must meet certain standards if you want to be taken seriously when being considered for a role. In these photographs there is a minimum of makeup; they show a person as he is in life. On the back of the printed photos they sign, indicate their data (metric - height and weight, age, the presence of various skills - the ability to drive a car, dance, sing, etc.) and contacts.
ROLE - roles that are similar in nature, corresponding to the talent and external data of a particular actor.
AMPHITHEATRE - 1) an ancient structure for spectacles: an oval arena, around which there were seats for spectators on ledges;
2) seats in the auditorium located behind the stalls.
ENGAGEMENT - inviting an actor for a certain period of time to participate in performances or concerts.
ANNOUNCEMENT - announcement about upcoming tours, performances, concerts.
ANTIHERO - a deliberately reduced, deheroized character in a play or movie, occupying one of the main places.
INTRACT - a break between the actions (acts) of a performance, between sections of a concert.
ENTREPRENEUR - owner, keeper, tenant of a private theater.
ENTREPRIZA - private theater.
SELLOUT - an announcement that all tickets (for a play, performance) have been sold.
APOTHEOSIS - the solemn final mass scene of a performance or festive concert program.
UPSTAGE - the part of the stage furthest from the auditorium.
ASSISTANT DECORATOR - works under the direction of the stage decorator and is responsible for finding artifacts necessary for decoration.
ASSISTANT OPERATOR - performs the functions of a “magician”, responsible for the clarity of the image on the objects required by design. Measuring the focal length in advance and changing the “focus” during the shooting process. Eliminates sudden noise in the frame.
ASSISTANT MAKE-UP ARTIST - deals with makeup correction, performs all work related to maintaining appearance. It shows the whole routine of a make-up artist.
ASSISTANT COSTUME DESIGNER - performs mainly utilitarian functions, as well as production and other assignments of the costume designer.
SHOW - theatrical performance of a comic nature, shown at fairs and folk festivals (in Russia since the 18th century).
BALCONY - seats in the auditorium, located in an amphitheater on different tiers.
MESLETAGE - the first tier of balconies above the ground floor and amphitheater in the auditorium or concert hall.
BENEFIT - 1) a theatrical performance in honor of one actor;
2) a performance, the proceeds from which went to the benefit of one or more actors, as well as other theater workers.
BENOIR - theatrical boxes at the level of the sienna or slightly lower on both sides of the stalls.
REEL - one standard roll of film, one reel holds 300 meters of film or 10 minutes of material.
Extras foreman - assistant for the selection of actors for crowd scenes (extras). Engaged in working with extras.
LIGHTING TECHNICIAN FOReman WITH THE CRIade - the person responsible for the light (if necessary, a Lichtwagen car with lighting devices and generators is called for filming).
BURLESQUE - exaggerated comic image on the stage.
BUTAFOR - a theatrical worker in charge of props. It is made by a prop artist.
PROPERTIES - items specially made and used instead of real things in theatrical productions.
PROPERTIES (filming group) - create the objects necessary for the decoration.
BARMAN (film crew) and his assistants - serving food to the film crew. Assist in preparing food (if necessary) for the filming scene.
BUFFON - the role of an actor who uses buffoonery to play a role.
Buffoonery - 1) a performance using clown techniques;
2) emphasized outwardly comic exaggeration, sometimes caricature of characters.
VIDEO CAMERA - a portable television transmitting camera, structurally combined with a video cassette recorder: magnetic tape is used to record image and sound signals. The camcorder has an electronic viewfinder.
VIDEO CLIP - a television artistic interpretation of a pop, pop or rock song, usually using “fractional” editing and special effects.
VIDEO RECORDING - recording an image onto a magnetic tape or optical disk for subsequent playback on a TV screen using a VCR.
VIDEO - a film that can be recorded on videotape and played back at a time convenient for the viewer.
DRIVERS (film crew) - report to the site administrator and the film director. They can also be used by the production director in episodic roles (taxi driver, for example) or as an understudy for an actor (if he does not have a driver’s license and/or the skills to drive a car (motorcycle).
DOCTOR (film crew) - if necessary, ensures timely provision of timely medical care to members of the film crew. In scenes where, according to the plot of the film, certain medical manipulations are performed and/or special medical skills and knowledge are required (application of a bandage, injections, etc.) - advises the director and actors on the correctness of their implementation. Sometimes the director can be involved in a cameo role in scenes where special medical knowledge and/or skills are needed (say, an ambulance doctor who comes to a call).
SECOND CAMERA (or B camera) is another operator on set that is sometimes needed to film complex choreographed action scenes or stunts from different angles, or to film a scene with a different coverage using a second camera.
SECOND OPERATOR - sits directly behind the camera, controls its movement within the framework of the composition established by the director and cinematographer, and monitors quality parameters.
SECOND DIRECTOR - processes the script after the production director. He is engaged in correcting (checking) the correctness (absence of errors) in the script.
GALLERY - the upper tier of the auditorium.
TOURING - performance of actors on the road in other theaters.
GENERAL REHEARSAL - the last one before a performance or concert.
HERO is the main thing actor in the play.
CHIEF LIGHTING MAN (lighting foreman, Gaffer, Gaffer) - heads the group responsible for lighting and other issues related to electrical appliances during filming. Gaffer reports directly to the director of photography and ensures that his instructions regarding stage lighting are carried out accurately.
GRANDAM is the role of an actress who plays the role of noble ladies.
GRANDCOQUET - the role of an adult noble lady.
MAKE-UP - 1) the art of changing the appearance of an actor (mainly the face) using special paints, stickers, a wig, hairstyle, etc.;
2) paints and other makeup supplies.
MAKE-UP ROOM - a room for applying makeup and changing clothes for actors.
MAKE-UP MAKER - a specialist who deals with actors' make-up.
GROUP - typical faces, bright and non-standard. These are selected for episodic roles and filmed close-up.
ACTION is the completed part of the performance. Same as the act.
DECLAMATION - clear expressive reading aloud.
DECORATOR - Responsible for the artistic design of the film, costumes, makeup, and so on.
STAGE DECORATOR - a specialist with experience in interior design; knows how to find appropriate objects and place them within the scenery in such a way that the scene looks natural, be it a businessman's office or an anchorite's hideout.
DECORATION - decoration the location of the action on stage, creating a visual image of the production.
Filmstrip - positive images arranged in a certain sequence photographic images on film, usually united by a common theme.
DIVERTIEMENT - a musical or dramatic performance of a number of separate acts, usually given in addition to the performance.
SOUND DESIGNER - deals with the creation of special sound effects (English), as well as sounds that do not have a corresponding analogue in nature or that cannot be recorded, for example, the sound made by dinosaurs.
COSTUME DESIGNER - thinks through and draws sketches of costumes for film actors while the construction of sets is being carried out. Before these finished sketches reach the tailor who will make the costumes, they are approved by the production designer, production director and producer.
FILM DIRECTOR - resolves organizational issues during the filming period: location management (preparing locations for filming), contracts with owners of public and private institutions, etc.
SHAREHOLDER - the person who is in charge of the cart. He sets up the rails and transports the trolley with the operator.
DRAMATURG - author dramatic works.
DRAMATURGY - 1) dramatic art, the theory of constructing dramatic works;
2) the totality of such works;
3) plot-compositional basis of a separate theatrical work.
DOUBLE - 1) an actor who replaces the main role in some episodes; 2) an actor reproducing the text when dubbing a movie.
MOVIE DUPLICATION - production of a film soundtrack in another language, the semantic content of which corresponds to the translation of the original. The duplication technique involves equalizing the duration of individual phrases and the rate of speech in both languages.
DEPUTY FILM DIRECTOR - carries out the orders of the director, replaces him when necessary.
SOUND ENGINEER - a specialist servicing a complex of audio equipment.
SOUND OPERATOR - works with sound, with recordings, monitors the quality parameters of the phonogram, such as, for example, the levels of sound components, their frequency response and signal-to-noise ratio.
SOUND DESIGNER - a specialist in recording synchronous noise. Simulates and reproduces the necessary noise synchronously with the image. For example: human steps, horse running, kisses and other noises produced by humans and living beings.
SOUND ENGINEER - oversees all stages of sound production. Forms the concept of sound. Creates artistic sound images. Manages the entire department.
A RE-RECORDING SOUND ENGINEER is an important specialist at the final stage of film formation. Do not confuse dubbing with dubbing. Re-recording is the last stage of film production, during which all the numerous audio components are processed, localized, mixed and mastered.
VILLAIN - the role of the actor playing negative heroes.
GENERATOR ENGINEER (generator operator) - installs, connects and ensures the operation of the generator, - devices for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.
SOUND RECORDING ENGINEER - manages the recording equipment on the set. Until recently, the standard sound recording device was a Nagra tape recorder with ¼-inch magnetic tape; Nowadays digital audio tapes (DAT) are used. DAT audio recording is more convenient for synchronization and editing, since it does not require noise reduction in the Dolby audio format or other formats.
INGENUE is the role of an actress playing the role of a naive girl.
INTERMEDIA - a short play performed between acts of dramatic or opera performance; insert scene.
INTERMEDIATE - scanning film and converting it into digital format for subsequent editing. Also transferring the finished film back to film for showing in cinemas.
EXECUTIVE PRODUCER - provides financing for the film. He is usually in charge of the business aspects of the film production - his actual involvement in the day-to-day running of the crew tends to be minor.
CABLE MAN (recording assistant) - controls the second microphone if it is needed in a scene where the actors are at a distance from each other. The cable guy also maintains all the cables used with the recording equipment - pulling them, making connections, and pulling them along with the camera as it moves. Localizing extraneous noises such as the operation of a refrigeration unit, creaking floorboards or rustling
clothes, he eliminates or minimizes them as much as possible.
FRAME - 1) the spatial boundary of a photo, television or film image; 2) a photograph on film that captures one of the phases of movement or static position of the objects being photographed.
MONTING FRAME - component film containing any moment of action.
TELEVISION FRAME - the image obtained on the kinescope screen as a result of one full television scanning cycle.
CAMEO - an episodic appearance in a staged role (on the silver screen, in a theatrical production, etc.) of a famous person (director, actor, politician, etc.). Sometimes in such a situation a famous person is invited to play “herself.” Often the director of a film himself plays a cameo role in it.
A PICTURE is part of an act in a drama.
CASCADE - imitation of a fall (from a horse, etc.), a complex spectacular trick.
STUNCHER - is a specialized actor who actually performs stunts, sometimes associated with the risk of injury. Stunts range from battle scenes to falling off a cliff or colliding head-on with an oncoming truck. Many stunts actually turn out to be less dangerous than they look in the movies, thanks to skillful choice of camera angle, lens, and editing.
CASTING - selection of applicants for a project in accordance with the creative idea of ​​its creators. Often this is only a preliminary selection - based on external data, after which candidates will be tested for their abilities. The candidate who best fits the role will sign the contract.
CASTING DIRECTOR - a person who organizes casting, auditions, and selects actors for the project. He works with an assistant director for actors, whose task is to prepare actors for filming: from meeting and delivering them to the set, to providing them with a script in a timely manner, drawing up their schedule, etc. However, in practice, the casting director and assistant director often replace each other and perform all the listed functions alone.
CINEMATOGRAPHER - 1) originally the name of a device for shooting moving objects on film and for subsequent reproduction of the resulting images by projecting them onto a screen; 2) a spectacle based on the use of film equipment; 3) outdated name of the cinema.
CINEMATOGRAPHY is a branch of culture and industry that produces films and shows them to viewers; one of the most popular forms of art.
CINEMA DRAMATURGY is a literary and cinematic type of creativity; A work of film dramaturgy is a script - the literary and artistic basis of the film.
FILM ART is a type of art whose works are created using filming of real events, specially staged or recreated by means of animation.
FILM MUSIC - instrumental and vocal music performed in a film by characters during the action (in-screen) or accompanying it (off-screen); one of the most important elements of film and cinematography.
FILM - photosensitive materials on a transparent elastic base, coated with a layer of photographic emulsion.
FILM PRODUCTION - creative process creating a film, carried out by the director-producer together with the cameraman.
CINE PROJECTOR - an optical-mechanical device for projecting films onto a screen.
FILM RENTAL - a planned showing of a film in a cinema for a certain period of time
MOVIE SERIES - a work consisting of separate episodes.
CINEMA CHAIN ​​- a set of enterprises that show films to the public - cinemas, clubs, etc.
FILM STUDIO is a film production enterprise that combines artistic, creative and production and technical processes.
FILM ACTOR - film actor.
KINOPEREDVIZHKA is a portable mobile film projection installation for demonstrating mainly narrow-film films.
FILM INDUSTRY - includes the film copying and film industry. The film copying industry produces film copies for exhibition. The film industry develops and produces film equipment and production equipment.
FILMMAKER - a person involved in filming as an amateur, a non-professional.
Projectionist - specialist in demonstrating films.
FILM MARKET - purchase and sale of films different countries, film distribution organizations.
FILM SCRIPT is a literary work intended to be realized through the means of cinema and television.
CINEMA SHOOTING - obtaining on film a number of successive frames with images of the object being filmed in various phases of its movement; one of the stages of making a film.
CINEMA CAMERA (MOVIE CAMERA) - an optical-mechanical device for filming.
CINEMA - 1) a building equipped for showing films; 2) a spectacular enterprise.
FILM EQUIPMENT - 1) a branch of technology that develops means and methods for producing, duplicating and demonstrating films; 2) totality technical means used in cinematography.
CINEMA INSTALLATION - a set of equipment designed for showing films. There are stationary and mobile film installations.
FILM FESTIVAL - a show, a creative competition of works of cinematic art - feature films, newsreels, documentaries, popular science, educational, sports, animated, television films.
KLAKA - a special group of people hired to create artificial success or failure of a performance, an actor.
COQUETTE is the role of an actress who plays the role of a beautiful girl.
GRIDS - the upper (invisible to the viewer) part of the stage for installing blocks, stage mechanisms and hanging scenery elements.
COMEDIAN is the role of an actor performing comedic roles.
COMPOSER - writes musical themes and musical accompaniment for the film.
COMPOSING - creating special effects and using combined filming.
CONSULTANT - a specialist in a particular scientific discipline who advises the director and actors on the subject of the film’s plot, historical events, military tactics, etc.
CONFIDANT - an actor playing the role of an intimate of the main character.
COORDINATOR-DESIGNER - reports to artistic director and ensures that the construction of stage decorations takes place in accordance with the instructions of the set designer. In practice, construction of a set can take many weeks or even months depending on the size and complexity of the structure. Therefore, first an important decision is made about the location of the shooting - on location (natural) or in the scenery. This decision is made by the producer or jointly by the producer and director for each episode separately.
SPECIAL EFFECTS COORDINATOR (or special effects director) - ensures that the special effects team executes special effects in accordance with the direction of the production director.
SHORT FILM - a film not exceeding 4-5 parts in size (40-50 minutes of screen time).
COSTUMER - tracks everything, right down to the position of dirt stains on clothes. Has a double costume.
CRANEMAN - a person responsible for the operation of the camera crane. He mounts it, helps set up the camera and pans from the crane.
SCENES - flat parts of the scenery (soft, stretched over frames) located on the sides of the stage.
LYRIC - the role of an actor playing lyrical characters.
PERSONAL ACTING AGENT is essentially the same as an agency, but this person works with one or more artists. The scheme of work is the same: percentages of royalties.
BOX - a group of seats in the auditorium (around the stalls and on tiers), separated by partitions or barriers.
PUPPETE - theater puppet, which the puppeteer sets in motion using threads.
LOCATION MANAGER - inspects and selects locations for filming and issues official permits for filming in those places where they are needed.
CAMERA MECHANIC or video engineer (if video or television) - Provides camera maintenance and installation. Reloads film, cassettes, changes optics, etc.
MISEN SCENE - the location of the actors on stage at one point or another during the performance or filming. The art of mise-en-scène is one of the most important elements of directing.
MICROPHONE MANAGER - manages the microphone park. Points (directs) microphones at plot-important objects. Manages their movement in accordance with the assigned task.
MIM is a pantomime actor.
Facial expressions are one of the important elements of an actor’s art, expressive movement of facial muscles.
MONOLOGUE - an actor’s speech addressed to listeners or himself.
EDITION is a creative and technical process that follows filming; sequential assembly of a film from various components (frames) with the selection, enlargement or removal of individual details, with the alternation of individual frames, an expressive change of rhythms in order to best reveal the author's intention.
EDITOR - prepares source material for editing, synchronizes sound and picture, cuts takes, etc.
SOUND INSTALLER - installs sound components. Lays out recorded lines synchronously with the image.
MUSIC EDITOR - knows how, with the help of music, musical sound effects, you can create a certain atmosphere and mood of the film's plot, creates the unity of music and image.
MUSIC HALL is a type of pop theater that combines pop, circus, dance and music genres. The first music halls arose in Great Britain in the mid-nineteenth century.
FOLK THEATER - 1) theater existing among the people, organically connected with oral folk art; 2) professional theater second half of the 19th century c., whose activities were addressed to a wide audience; 3) non-professional amateur theater (appeared in Russia in the mid-19th century).
OPERATOR - a specialist who shoots a film.
MICROPHONE OPERATOR - operates the “crane”, a long extendable pole for positioning and controlling the microphone during filming. Thanks to the “crane”, you can record dialogue by placing the microphone directly above the actor’s head, while the microphone itself will not fall into the camera’s field of view. The “crane” operator must turn the microphone in turn towards each person in time talking actor, which in fact means a thorough knowledge of the sequence of replicas.
The DIRECTOR OFFER, also known as the chief (or leading) cameraman, is responsible for the visual design of the film (both artistic and technical quality). Reports to the director. Manages the camera team. Develops an artistic, color and lighting solution for the film. Together with the second director and photographer, he looks for a suitable filming location (apartment, office, bar, etc.) and/or a suitable landscape for filming in an open area. Makes a list of equipment that he will need together with the 2nd operator. Subsequently, the will of the operator is conveyed to the operator group by the second operator.
LIGHTER (also “lighters” or “electricians”) - installs, operates and maintains lighting equipment. At Gaffer's direction, they select specific equipment, mount it, raise it, lower it, and wait for Gaffer's instructions to turn it on or off. If necessary, they place a diffuser in front of the light source or adjust the width of the light beam by opening or closing curtains - black metal plates on the lighting fixture.
PAVILION - a building in which filming is carried out using scenery and artificial lighting.
PADUGA - a strip of curtain along the top of the stage area.
PANTOMIME is a type of stage art in which artistic image is created without the help of words, by means of expressive movement, gesture, facial expressions.
PARTER - the plane of the floor of the auditorium with seats for spectators, usually below stage level.
PELZHENT - a mobile stage in the form of a large cart in a medieval theater. It was used in staging mysteries, miracles, and processions.
FIRST ASSISTANT OPERATOR (operator assistant) - assists the operator when filming. He maintains and maintains the film camera and also fills out a shooting sheet in which he records in detail all the details regarding the scenes shot. In many camera groups, the first assistant cameraman also performs the duties of a “magician” and/or “clapperboard”.
PETIMETER - the image of a dandy in satirical comedy.
A PYROTECHNICIAN and/or a gunsmith is the one who is needed when it is necessary to create an imitation of an explosion, a shot (or not an imitation) in the frame. He calculates the required amount of charge, the direction of the blast wave; monitors the safety and handling of weapons; instructs about the features of the weapon. The creation of artificial fog is also the work of a pyrotechnician. Member of the camera team.
PLAN - scale of the image on the screen; There are six plans (distant, general, medium, first, close-up, detail).
STAGE is a synonym for the word “stage”.
MULTI-SCREEN CINEMA - several screens located close to each other are used to demonstrate a film; a program is projected onto them, which consists of a number of films connected by a single composition and a common sound accompaniment (sometimes accompanied by actors playing near the screens).
FULL-LENGTH FILM - a film work of five or more parts.
GAFFER'S ASSISTANT (“best-boy”, Best Boy) - is the gaffer’s assistant. He orders the necessary lighting equipment and gives instructions to groups of lighting workers.
FOCUS ASSISTANT ("magician") - changes the focus of the lens when an actor or important subject moves closer or further from the camera or when the camera moves relative to it, for example, when shooting Dolly the dolly. The main task of the “magician” is to ensure that the desired object or action in the image is always sharp.
ASSISTANT DIRECTOR - a person who personally conveys the director's instructions to one or another group of people. Keeps records of selected takes. Writes a working version of what the camera writes.
ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR SCRIPT (Script Supervisor, Script) - keeps a special record (notes) for each scene during filming, so that when shooting the next scene you can go back and make sure that the script is followed correctly in all details. It is his responsibility to ensure that no deviations from these details occur. The script also tracks the number of pages and scenes of the script shot per day, the number of shots, estimates the estimated screen time, and also notes cases of deviation from the script, for example, if the recorded dialogue of the actors differs from the dialogue recorded in the script.
STAGING is the creative process of creating a play, film, or television show.
POST-PRODUCTION - the period of processing video material after filming film episodes, preparation and production of computer objects, editing, editing, dubbing and processing of film material.
PRIME, premier - actor, actress, occupying a leading position in the troupe, playing the main roles.
PREMIERE - the first (or one of the first) public showing.
PRE-PRODUCTION - preparation for filming, casting of actors, drafting the director's script and storyboards, recording expected costs and estimates, etc.
DRIMA DONNA - actress performing leading roles.
PRODUCTION - the filming period of a film.
PRODUCER - an authorized representative of the film company, exercising ideological, artistic, organizational and financial control over the production of the film. Producers are also directors, actors, screenwriters. Various subtypes of producers - “line producer”, “executive producer”, “creative producer”, etc. - as a rule, are not producers in the generally accepted sense of the word, and are administrative workers , to whom the producer delegates any of his powers. A creative producer is often understood as an editor, while linear and executive producers in Russia occupy an intermediate position between the producer himself (general producer) and the director of the film. The term “executive producer” in Russia appeared as an incorrect translation of the term “executive producer”, which in the USA actually means “ general producer».
SIMPLE - the role of an actor playing a simple-minded person.
WORKERS (film group) - carry out various tasks.
RAMP - lighting equipment on the stage floor along its front edge, hidden from the public by the side.
REVIEW - a variety or theatrical performance consisting of several numbers united by one theme.
EDITOR - they will check grammar, spelling, punctuation, and in addition, at the literary level, at the text level, they will not miss typos and errors. Limits the scope of the screenwriter.
EXTRA DIRECTOR - stages large-scale scenes, usually involving complex special effects and participation in
filming a large number of additional persons, stuntmen and animals.
EDITION DIRECTOR - a person responsible for the main editing decisions. Performs final assembly of the painting. It is not uncommon for the functions of the editing director to be performed by the production director himself.
ACTOR DIRECTOR (acting assistant) - participates in the selection of actors for casting. He knows everything about actors, has knowledge about who can work with whom, how and when (at the level of selecting actors). He also suggests actors for roles. Resolves issues of interaction between the director and actors.
PRODUCTION DIRECTOR - a key creative leader, the author of the project, the main person on the set. Supervises the work of the actors and all other members of the film crew (cameraman, sound engineer, production designer, etc.).
STUNT DIRECTOR - is responsible for staging stunts, their verisimilitude and safety. Sometimes animals are used in the filming of films. As a rule, they are delivered to the set accompanied by a trainer or groom (if we are talking about horses), who either train the animal or know how to force it to carry out the necessary commands, for example, by feeding it. Often the same role is played by several similar animals. Thanks to skillful editing, their arbitrary movements look meaningful in the frame.
REASONER - the role of an actor expressing moralizing judgments.
PROPS - items used in theatrical productions and on filming.
PROPERTIES MAN - gives out props and other props.
PROPERTIES GROUP - works under the supervision of an assistant set designer and is responsible for collecting and delivering all the items necessary for filming to the set.
REPERTOIRE - a set of works performed in the theater.
REHEARSAL is the main form of preparation.
REPLICA - a short statement spoken by one actor in response to the words of another.
LIGHTING STUBBLER - replaces the actor during the lengthy pre-production procedure - setting up cameras, installing lighting fixtures and microphones - while the main actor prepares for filming.
SERIES - part of the film shown independently.
SEQUEL - a book, film or any other work of art, the plot of which is a continuation of another work, built on characters from it, etc.
SYNOPSIS - a brief summary of the film script (usually 1-2 pages).
SOLOIST - the leading actor in the play.
SOFIT - part of the lighting equipment, diffused light fixtures that illuminate the stage or area from the front and above.
EFFECTS SPECIALIST - develops special effects (from artificial fog to computer graphics), advises and thinks through implementation. Member of the camera team.
PERFORMANCE - theatrical performance. Created on the basis of a dramatic or musical stage work in accordance with the director’s plan through the joint efforts of actors, artist, etc.
SENIOR MECHANICAL WORKER - Reports to the director of photography and supervises the operation of all accessories associated with the film camera on the set. He supervises the production workshop workers (Grips), which can number from five to fifteen people. On the set, the flu prepares for filming all sorts of accessories related to the use of film cameras and filming conditions in general. These accessories include, various kinds accessories for cameras (tripods, cranes, dollies, rails, etc.), allowing shooting from different viewpoints or in motion at the request of the director of photography. For example, you may need to safely and conveniently mount a movie camera on a moving car, helicopter, etc. In some cases, it is also necessary to erect scaffolding to install the camera at a high vantage point
relative to the scene. Grip works closely with the Electricians and Lighting Team installing lighting equipment.
EXTRAS - an extra actor who plays a role without words.
STEADICAM is a camera stabilization system that is attached to the operator.
STEREOSCOPIC FILMING - provides images on film in the form of stereo pairs (the object is filmed simultaneously from two or more points of view). Projecting it onto a screen (using special equipment) allows the viewer to see the image in volume.
SCREENWRITER - creates a film script (a written version of a film that has not yet been made) based either on previously written material (a novel, story or play) or on some original idea. A screenwriter may write a script on his own initiative and idea and then try to sell it to a producer, or he may be invited by a producer or studio to write a script on special order.
SOUBRETTE - the role of a resourceful maid.
PROMPTER - a theater worker who monitors the progress of rehearsals and performances based on the text of the play and, if necessary, prompts the actors to say the words of the role.
FILM Crew - a production and creative team directly working on the creation of a film, television show, series. In a narrower sense - part of

“And her legs are crooked!”: a story about the creation of theatrical costumes and more

Klops.Ru decided to find out how exclusive theatrical costumes are sewn, worn and where they are stored, as well as what stories the actors themselves have associated with them

The premiere of the play "The Imaginary Invalid" based on Moliere, on which the capital's director Nikita Grinshpun worked, took place on October 1 in the Kaliningrad Regional Theater drama theater. Two more Muscovites also took part in the production: composer Pavel Akimkin and artist Ksenia Shimanovskaya, who is responsible for the stage design and costumes for the actors.

By the way, it was the outfits that became the special pride of the performance: they combine fashion trends of the 17-18 centuries, as well as a creative look at modern interpretation plays.

“You see, you can immediately have a bite,” actor Anatoly Lukin, playing the role of the main character’s brother, very believably pretends to tear a plastic berry from a bunch of grapes hanging from his hat. “The God of Winemaking” is Bacchus, that’s why I have a hat like that. That brother is sick, and I’m healthy, which means I can afford to drink.”

In the corridor near the dressing room, a long-haired girl appears in a bright outfit, its colors reminiscent of a Harlequin costume - this is actress Maria Savelyeva, who performs several roles in the play. minor roles.

“But this is a pillow suit,” Lukin jokes, hinting at the wide trousers that imperceptibly turn into sleeves and are secured with a soft frame in order to maintain the square shape.

"In one of the acts, gypsies come on stage. I am one of them - a street performer. Putting a wide skirt on me would be too easy. I really like the costume: it is comfortable and puts on in just a couple of seconds. When I first saw it, I immediately I realized that he was very chic and unusual."

In stage outfits you can dance, fight and somersault without fear of denting or tearing. However, not all costumes are so comfortable: the artist gets very hot in them. Pleasantness to wear is the last thing an artist thinks about when creating a costume - it is, first of all, the image of the hero and one of the important elements of the entire external design of the production.

“When you spend your whole life dressing up, you begin to treat the suit as work material. However, I remember a couple of chic outfits that suited me so well that I simply didn’t want to take them off - these were the suit for the role of the Prince of Orange and the uniform of Commandant Von Lyash. When I put on the uniform, I realized that I didn’t even need to do makeup - it was such an internal hit when you are preparing for a role, you understand what things need to be “pulled out”, that is, what is inherent in your character should come out. out. The costume really helps to create a special feeling and believe in the reality of what is happening,” says Lukin.

The actor also recalled the most ridiculous costume that he had to try on during his long career: back in the Novosibirsk Youth Theater, Lukin played in a fairy tale a hut on chicken legs: “I put on stockings with claws, the “log box” itself and followed Baba Yaga around the stage. And then I received gratitude for this role."

Since the fabrics used for suits are often artificial and not very pleasant to the body, men wear them over cotton T-shirts, while women do not always have this opportunity - their outfits are more open and tight-fitting.

“We accommodate the actors and always try to make a thin cotton lining so that they don’t get stuck in their outfit,” says a seamstress from a sewing shop about her attitude to the problem.

During the performance, the actress several times literally words jumps out of its skirt, so the garment is made on a drop-down frame

Thus, one of the costumes for “The Imaginary Invalid” is not just an outfit, but also a test of the physical capabilities of actress Marina Yungas, who plays the main character’s wife Belina. In the script, she literally jumps out of her skirt several times, which is why the garment is made with a drop-down frame. Since it was not possible to quickly find lightweight aluminum for the frame, we had to make it from thick metal wire, and now the skirt weighs at least five kilograms. Moreover, since the design must be removable, the actress has to carry her skirt in her hands.

Of course, you shouldn’t expect complete authenticity from such outfits: silk stockings are replaced by nylon knee socks, expensive brocade is replaced by curtain fabric, and satin shoes are replaced by Chinese ballet shoes with tulle bows sewn to them.

“In this performance, all the costumes are generally easy to put on, but sometimes, of course, it’s quite the opposite: there are all kinds of lacing... Here are the corsets - I can’t stand them... When they sewed this skirt for me, I asked that it dangle a little , - actress Maria Avramenko, who plays the role, lifts up her blouse so that her thin waist is visible eldest daughter the main character Angelica.

A stage costume is always made for a specific actor and according to his standards, but it happens that outfits are passed down by inheritance when an actor ends his career or dies... Theater workers have no superstitions associated with this - they understand perfectly well that this is their life and work... And in general there are special signs regarding outfits in theatrical environment did not work out. The main condition is the consent of the actor to play the role in this particular outfit.

"For example, I have a very small size shoes and often have to play in much larger shoes, which even hurts,” says Maria Avramenko. - But in terms of costumes, the designer always meets the actor halfway, because if he doesn’t like the outfit, then that’s very, very, very bad. They are looking to fit me specifically, because I should feel comfortable and harmonious in a suit.”

Any actor or actress has had moments when they feel awkward because of a costume. They have a lot of tricks to correct a defect in an outfit without the viewer noticing.

If something has slipped or fallen, then under no circumstances should you try to fix it furtively - the viewer will notice everything. On the contrary, it is necessary to tighten or return it to its place as if this action had been planned in advance.

Even if the viewer himself suddenly noticed a flaw in the outfit or the fact that it absolutely does not suit the person it’s wearing, this does not bother the actors.

“It seems to you that you are a star, but someone will definitely find some kind of mistake in your image. This happened when I played in “The Master and Margarita”. My friend was sitting in the auditorium. That means I’m so beautiful, I go out in a negligee and heels, and some teenager in the audience says (and my friend hears this): “Yes, her legs are crooked!” My friend, of course, was not taken aback and replied: “Everyone would have such crooked legs.” legs!” Who doesn’t it happen to? Whoever wants to, will find something to complain about,” Maria says absolutely without embarrassment.

The actors assure that it does not matter at all in what order they transform into the intended hero: first you can do your hair and then put on your outfit, or vice versa.

In the make-up shop. A simple hairstyle with a braid a la Timoshenko is done by an experienced hairdresser in just 10-15 minutes. Hats are attached to the top with dozens of pins. The same devices are used to attach wigs to the nets.

For the play “The Imaginary Ill,” wigs were specially ordered from the capital’s hairdressers. They were made for almost every actor involved in the production, but in the end the director decided to leave some characters with natural hair.

“The main thing is that the wig does not move, does not slip, but the rest is a matter of habit. Sometimes the face itches a little in the place where the elastic band is adjacent to the skin,” says Lyubov Orlova, the actress playing the role of the maid Toinette. “It is important that the wig It stayed on my head well and didn’t fly off. Once, actually, I had a problem with my wig: it caught fire from the spotlight, but I didn’t notice it and put out the flames with my hand.”

Playing on stage with a hairstyle made from your own hair is simpler and easier, but if you use a wig, your hair will suffer less from regular harmful styling. But make-up artists don’t care at all whether they attach a wig to the artist’s head or perform magic on his natural hair. Moreover, they can turn an almost bald man into the owner of a luxurious hairstyle, but they admit that it is almost impossible to have long braid transform into a shorn head.

“And it’s also very difficult to secure a frame structure on the head of an actor who has to dance according to the script. It must be secured so that it does not fall off - and all this, too, must be done only with the help of ordinary hairpins and ribbons. And sometimes you need to change your outfit and hairstyle actor during the performance - here we are already at a short start with everything we need!” says make-up artist Marina Tereshchenko.

And if dancing actors need to attach the wig “tightly”, then singing ones have to hide microphones under it. The box with the radio transmitting device is placed in the pocket of a belt specially made for this purpose.

It is interesting that even in the case of wigs, actresses can be capricious and selective. They may flatly refuse to wear a wig that doesn't suit them.

“At first I had a different wig - now my “beloved” Cleant wears it,” shares Maria Avramenko. “I put it on and didn’t immediately understand what kind of monster was looking at me from the mirror - it’s just some kind of horror! Now the hairstyle I like it, but I don't like being blonde."

The artist Ksenia Shimanovskaya can already be safely called a “guru” in her profession - during her career she has created collections of costumes for almost two hundred performances. It was not by chance that she was invited to work on costume sketches for “The Imaginary Invalid” - the performance needed a special atmosphere.

“This is a comedy and you can do anything here - I gave myself over to my imagination and did what my heart desired. I wanted the costumes to be strange and funny,” Ksenia said about the concept that she adhered to in this case.

It took the artist a month to work on the sketches, and then there was still a lot of work ahead in a team with Kaliningrad seamstresses and prop masters.

“I always control the process of creating costumes, because every cut is important to me. In this collection, I remember every button! All the costumes here are lovely to me. The easiest thing was to come up with the outfits of the “klestirons” - somehow they immediately appeared in my head,” says artist

Ksenia found all the materials and accessories for the outfits herself in Kaliningrad stores. She assures that the creation of suits for men and women, in terms of complexity, is absolutely the same. But if the budget is quite modest, then the artist has to work twice as hard.

“You can make a costume out of a doormat. Even an empress’s outfit can be made from the cheapest fabrics. The more obstacles, the more imagination. And it absolutely doesn’t matter whether it’s a comedy or a tragedy - you can turn around anywhere! You just have to allow yourself to do it,” the artist concluded.

The artist set herself the task of making the costumes “strange and funny”

In the sewing workshop, despite the silence and the seemingly measured flow of life work in progress full swing. Officially, the seamstresses from the drama theater work from nine in the morning to five in the evening, but they claim that they often have to work 12 hours a day.

Of all the outfits that had to be sewn for the production of Moliere's play, the most difficult, as the sewing shop employees admit, was to build a bear costume.

“We never have a question about how long it takes to sew a particular costume. Sometimes a complex outfit needs to be made in a day. For example, yesterday, we shoveled forty meters of fabric in a day - we sewed white coats for musicians and other participants production of “The Imaginary Invalid.” At the last moment they told us what kind and how many there would be. The director initially assumed that there would be musicians, but in the end, he might abandon the idea altogether,” says the head of the sewing workshop, Natalya. Dudkina.