Hygienic products for the care of seriously ill patients

It would seem that what could be simpler than caring for a bedridden patient? All you need to do is feed, adjust the pillow, and take the duck out in time. However, this is the philistine opinion of someone who has never encountered such care. Constantly staying in bed contributes to the development of bedsores, and in combination with urinary and fecal incontinence, it threatens damage to the skin. To prevent such unfavorable consequences, it is necessary to know the means of caring for a bedridden patient, as well as to be able to use them correctly.

Products for caring for a bedridden patient

Preparations for treating bedsores and skin cleansing

Cleansing lotion
This product allows for complete skin treatment, for which the lotion is applied to a sanitary napkin, after which the skin is wiped with it. In this case, there is no need to rinse off the lotion; you just need to blot particularly wet areas with a previously prepared towel.

Cleansing foam
In cases where the skin is heavily contaminated with feces, when changing a diaper it is necessary to carry out hygienic manipulations using cleansing foam. This foam allows you to refuse to use detergents and water; it independently copes with dirt, and also eliminates unpleasant odors.

Wet sanitary napkins
When changing a diaper or pad, a bedridden patient simply cannot do without sanitary napkins. These wet products not only do not irritate the epidermis, but give it a deodorizing and refreshing effect, ensuring maximum comfort. These wipes can be used to care for any part of the body, and you can wipe your skin with them without water or soap solution.

Tonic liquid
In pharmacies and specialty stores that sell medical equipment and medications, you can purchase a tonic liquid that improves blood flow and metabolic processes, activates muscle tone and is an excellent prevention of congestion and bedsores in the patient. This liquid can be used to safely treat the entire surface of the body.

Skin cream
In this regard, any of the hand creams is suitable for bedridden patients. It is perfectly absorbed, softens the epidermis, and restores its elasticity. In addition, such creams do not leave behind greasy stains.

Skin oil
If a seriously ill patient suffers from dryness and itchy skin, you should think about using oil. This could be aloe oil, tea tree oil, or any other product that will perfectly moisturize the skin without leaving behind streaks or greasy spots.

Skin protector
This remedy is indispensable in cases where it is necessary to protect the patient’s skin from the aggressive effects of urine and feces. The applied protective film keeps the skin from redness and itching for 6 hours. In this case, experts recommend applying the drug in a thin layer to the groin and other folds of the skin. Obese women are recommended to lubricate the skin under the breasts with this product.

Anti-bedsore mattress
This orthopedic mattress is designed specifically to maintain muscle tone and activate the circulatory system in bedridden patients. The positive effect of using this product is achieved by providing variable pressure on the patient’s skin.

Means to combat ulcers, bedsores and burns

The Legius carbon napkin is in great demand when caring for patients with serious bedsores and ulcers. This unique development of Russian doctors and biochemists can remain on the patient’s skin until his recovery, and all thanks to the product’s ability to restore the moisturizing effect. Remaining moist, such a napkin helps remove necrosis products and toxins from the surface of the epidermis.

As you can see, the means of caring for a bedridden patient are varied and extremely necessary to maintain his health and speedy recovery. Take care of yourself and your loved ones!

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The information on our website is informative and educational in nature. However, this information is in no way intended to be a guide to self-medication. Be sure to consult your doctor.

In this article we will dwell in detail on the main aspects relating to items and means of care for seriously ill people.
When faced with a problem for the first time, an inexperienced person most often gets confused, faced with such difficulties as: bedsores, soft tissue wounds, diaper rash, poor hygienic conditions, scabies, deterioration of the patient’s psychological state and much more. And this is not surprising: nursing is a serious responsibility and, to some extent, a separate science.
Ideas about care and the practical side of this issue are very different. The fact is that for the care of seriously ill patients there are a number of necessary devices that require skills in use, without which the care will be of poor quality, which, in turn, will negatively affect the physical and psychological state needy. Below we provide a list of the most necessary items and care products that every sedentary or immobile patient needs. To ensure quality care for a bedridden patient, it may be necessary, and most often necessary:

1. Anti-decubitus mattress. Provides blood supply to tissues through massage movements. As a result, the risk of bedsore formation is minimized. The average price of such a mattress is 2,600 rubles.
2. Duck or vessel (depending on the gender of the patient). A necessary device for managing the physiological needs of a bedridden patient. The average price of a duck or boat is 300 rubles.
3. Wheel chair. Necessary for moving and walking the patient. The average price is 4,500 rubles.
4. Walkers.
5. Serve as a support for moving patients who are able to move with assistance. Allows you to both move indoors and develop the muscles and joints of the lower extremities. The average price is 1600 rubles. Diapers and diapers for adults
6. . Necessary for bedridden patients. This product is no different from diapers and diapers for children. The function and material are the same. Provides general hygienic care in the genitourinary area. The average price of one package is 400 rubles. Disinfectant. Necessary for continuous treatment of patients' skin, especially those areas of skin that are susceptible to the formation of bedsores or various kinds
7. wound Device for transplanting a patient. Makes it much easier for the patient to move from wheelchair
8. to the bed or bathroom, etc. The average price is 1200 rubles. Medical headrest.
9. Allows a lying patient to change the position of the head and body. Makes it easier to carry out hygiene measures when there is a need to change the position of the body. It also makes it easier for the patient to eat. The average price is 1900 rubles. Anti-bedsore circle or pillow.
10. Provides protection against the formation of bedsores and abrasions in the area of ​​the coccyx, sacrum, and also in the area of ​​the feet. The average price is 600 rubles Necessary for wiping the patient's skin, thereby ensuring hygiene and antimicrobial prophylaxis. The average price is 100 rubles.

Patient care products
Personal hygiene products allow bedridden patients or patients with urological diseases to remain clean and feel comfortable. If your loved one finds himself in such a situation, make sure that all the necessary care products - diapers, diapers, wipes, cleansing preparations and antiseptics - are available.

Diapers, nappies or pads, consisting of two layers - actively absorbent and protective - protect the patient from discomfort and diaper rash, and also eliminate the need to disturb the patient several times a day by remaking the bed. In the end, this is convenient not only for the patient, but also for the relatives and staff caring for him - modern means care significantly simplify their work.

Wipes and hygiene products are designed to care for intimate areas and the entire body and are especially relevant for bedridden patients. By using these remedies in a timely manner, you relieve the patient from discomfort, itching and even pain in problem areas of the skin.

These means and devices are intended for people who have lost the ability to move independently and are necessary for more convenient performance of actions related to the fulfillment of the natural needs of the body.
They include: nappies, diapers, wipes, creams, nutritional therapy, collagen sponges, incontinence products, ostomy care products, toilet, bath, bed accessories...

It is immediately worth noting orthopedic latex mattresses. If we talk about comfort, latex mattresses are very durable, and most importantly, they have breathable properties. During sleep, latex mattresses provide the sleeping person with comfort, as they precisely correspond to the physiological needs of a person. Using latex mattresses, you provide yourself with soft and elastic support while you sleep.

Urine collection system - The main advantages of the urine collection system are:

Easy to install and easy to use, suitable even for people with limited hand dexterity;
reliable protection against the penetration of odors;
reliable protection of the skin from the irritating effects of urine;
invisible under clothing and silent when worn;
Possibility of choosing a convenient configuration.

The Conveen system consists of 3 components:

Conveen condoms with different ways fastenings
Conveen urine collection bags for use in a variety of situations.
Straps for attaching urine bags to the leg

Diapers (for adults)

When individually selecting a diaper (diaper), it is necessary to take it into account specifications and their disadvantages:

The lack of elastic at the waist leads to the fact that the diaper does not fit the figure well, which leads to leakage in active patients, and in bedridden patients, urine may leak along the back;

If the diaper's Velcro is narrow, then it can withstand less tearing (peel) load;

If the Velcro has the same width, then this is worse than if the lower Velcro is wider, since it is this that bears the greater load in “walking” patients;

The more cellulose a diaper has, the softer and more comfortable the diaper is, especially for bedridden patients; at the same time, increasing the volume of cellulose (which is a “natural” element) makes it possible to achieve the same absorbency with a smaller amount of absorbent;

It is desirable for the diaper to have a second layer of cellulose and a fairly wide central part, since this is exactly the place where the most liquid gets into;

If the elastic band in the frill is attached to glue, then in some patients the glue may cause allergies, and the elastic band may come off;

It is better if the frills fold outward rather than inward, since in this case they will not press together and will better protect against side leakage;

It is better for staff when the diaper size is indicated not by stripes, but by numbers.
Seni adult diapers are intended for patients with moderate to severe forms of incontinence. Diapers for adults have a number of advantages:

1.Double absorbent layer with superabsorbent
2.Elastic waistband
3.Elastic bands and delicate frills that prevent leakage
4.Double Velcro fasteners
5.Moisture saturation indicator
6. "Breathable" outer layer of diapers for adults

Absorbent diapers

Absorbent diapers are used periodically. They are designed for additional protection of bedding and for use with diapers (pampers), absorbent panties or pads.

Absorbent diapers can be conveniently color-coded by size; Available in different absorbency levels. Special punching of fluff pulp ensures the fastest absorption and distribution of moisture. The absorbent layer of the diaper does not form folds, which is important for the prevention of bedsores. The diapers are very comfortable everyday use and are simply irreplaceable when changing diapers, conducting massages and air baths, and for protecting bed linen.

A diaper (absorbent) can have various technical characteristics:

The diaper dimensions can be of 3 types: 40 x 60 (cm); 60 x 60 (cm); 90 x 60 (cm);

Depending on the size of the absorbent layer, the absorbency of the diaper changes. Various manufacturing companies have from 3 to 6 types of products:

With a size of 40 x 60 (cm), the absorbency of the diaper can be medium - 350 - 525, 550, 650 (ml) and high - 750 (ml);

With a size of 60 x 60 (cm), the average absorbency of the diaper is 250, 350, 850, 1000, 1050 (ml); high absorbency - 1100, 1125, 1300, 1400, 2100 (ml);

With a size of 90 x 60 (cm), the average absorbency of the diaper is 650, 1050, 1350, 1525 (ml); high absorbency - 1550 (ml).

Colostomy bags - special means for violations of excretory functions due to unnatural stoma openings include: colostomy and urinal bags (of various modifications and sizes) and accessories for them (bags without drainage for an ostomy, bags with drainage for an ostomy, stoma protectors, cannulas), in including:

Two-component colostomy bags of various sizes and accessories (various modifications of plates and stoma bags - colostomy, ileostomy, irrigation);

One-component colostomy bags of various modifications and sizes (colostomy, ileostomy, lid bags, children's, various shapes, with and without filters), combining the plate and bag into a single whole;

Urological pads- Absorbent urological pads (inserts) and fixing panties can be used constantly. Social indications for their use are the degree of activity of the disabled person: they are used to care for walking and sedentary patients who retain the ability to self-care. Types of absorbent urological pads depend on the gender of the patient; There are pads intended only for men, only for women, and there are ones for both.

Do not forget about such a problem as bedsores in bedridden patients. Anti-decubitus mattresses are very important point in the prevention and treatment of bedsores.

4. TECHNICAL REHABILITATION TOOLS FOR ORIENTATION, COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION EXCHANGE

4.1. Technical means rehabilitation for people with visual impairments

Typhlotechnical means of rehabilitation for the blind and visually impaired are a set of special means and devices that allow compensation for pronounced impairments of the functions of the organ of vision and contribute to the active adaptation of a person to the environment.

Typhlotechnical means include: tactile cane ( white), special reading devices " talking book", for optical correction of low vision, medical thermometers and tonometers with speech output; guide dogs with a set of equipment.

4.1.1. Tactile cane (white) different sizes(from 700 to 1200 mm), plastic, metal, folding, telescopic (retractable).

Prescribed to visually impaired people, visually impaired children (primary school, school and adolescence) with absolute and practical blindness (visual acuity 0 - 0.05 and/or concentric narrowing of the visual field up to 10°).

Required for full or partial compensation of limitations in the ability to move, communicate, self-care, and orientation. Indirectly, thanks to this, it contributes to the possibility labor activity and training.

4.1.2. Special devices for reading “talking books” are designed to compensate for limitations in the ability to learn, communicate, work, especially for people engaged in intellectual work, and master self-service skills.

These include:

Radio tape recorders of various types and manufacturers;

Tifloplayers of various types and manufacturers;

Other special devices for reading a "talking book".

Required for visually impaired people, disabled children, the blind and visually impaired (with visual acuity - 0 - 0.1).

4.1.3. Optical aids for the correction of low vision - contribute to partial compensation of restrictions on learning, work, self-care, and orientation. Especially important have for the work of persons engaged in the field of intellectual work, as well as for obtaining general and vocational education.

The choice of device is carried out individually depending on the nature of the pathology of the organ of vision, anatomical and optical characteristics and other ophthalmological parameters.

4.1.3.1. Magnifiers are hand-held, support-mounted, overhead, fixed on glasses, of various magnifications and designs (without illumination, with illumination).

Magnifying glasses are prescribed to disabled people with limited ability to communicate, learn, work, in the presence of diseases, consequences of injuries to the organ of vision that led to practical blindness or low vision (visual acuity 0.01 - 0.1).

4.1.3.2. Glasses: glasses with light filters, spherocylindrical glasses (for distance or near), spheroprismatic hyperocular glasses for binocular use, hyperoculars for monocular use. Prescribed for visual acuity of 0.01 - 0.1.

4.1.3.3. Video system with image magnification, television magnifying device (stationary) - designed for reading flat-printed text on a monitor screen in an enlarged form. Prescribed to visually impaired people with visual acuity of 0.01 - 0.1.

4.1.3.4. Electronic manual video enlarger with magnification from 10 to 50 times - forms an enlarged image of text on the TV screen. Works in "positive-negative" mode. Does not require special focusing. Prescribed to visually impaired people and disabled children with visual acuity of 0.01 - 0.1.

4.1.4. Medical tonometers with speech output provide monitoring of blood pressure, independent assessment of the effectiveness of treatment and taking medications as elements of self-care.

Prescribed to visually impaired people of group I (blind - visual acuity 0 - 0.05) suffering from arterial hypertension.

Medical tonometers with speech output partially help compensate for restrictions on self-care, the ability to monitor the state of one’s health and timely use of adequate measures to improve it in the presence of a disease.

4.1.5. Medical thermometers with speech output are designed to monitor body temperature and are prescribed to visually impaired blind people (visual acuity - 0 - 0.05).

4.1.6. Guide dogs with a set of equipment are indicated for people with visual impairments of Group I (visual acuity of the single or better seeing eye 0 - 0.05 and/or concentric narrowing of the visual field to 10° or less degrees), aged 18 years and older in the absence of persistent pronounced disturbances of static-dynamic functions, pronounced disturbances of the central nervous system, respiratory, cardiovascular, endocrine systems, disorders of mental functions, hearing loss of III - IV degrees (making contact with a guide dog difficult).

Social aspects that should be taken into account when providing visually impaired people of group I with a guide dog:

Possibility of self-service in everyday life, providing the animal with food;

Place of residence of the disabled person (rural or city with heavy traffic);

Housing and living conditions;

Family conditions (consent of family members);

Material security necessary for the proper maintenance of the animal;

Conditions for keeping a guide dog in your apartment or kennel;

Availability of premises for an animal at the VOS UPP or other work for a working disabled person.

4.2. Sign language aids for the deaf and hard of hearing

Significant rehabilitation equipment for the deaf and hard of hearing is a set of special means and devices that allow the replacement of hearing defects and contribute to the active adaptation of a person to the environment.

4.2.1. Hearing aids, including custom-made earmolds.

A hearing aid is an electroacoustic device worn by a person and designed to compensate for impaired hearing.

Its main purpose is to convert the signal created by a source of audio information so that this signal can be perceived by a hearing-impaired person with sufficient high degree auditory sensation.

A programmable hearing aid is a device designed to compensate for human limitations associated with hearing impairment; any type of device whose programmable electronic adjustment of operating parameters is provided by an interface device and a control device.

Existing types of hearing aids:

Analog hearing aids - heavy-duty behind-the-ear hearing aids of various modifications; powerful behind-the-ear devices of various modifications; BTEs of medium and low power of various modifications; intra-ear medium and low power of various modifications; pocket heavy-duty of various modifications; pocket powerful ones of various modifications;

Digital hearing aids - heavy-duty behind-the-ear hearing aids of various modifications; powerful behind-the-ear devices of various modifications; BTEs of medium and low power of various modifications.

Hearing aid measures are carried out after preliminary determination of the nature and degree of hearing loss using modern techniques and reasonable interpretation of audiometric data. The hearing aid is selected individually, not only taking into account frequency hearing loss, but also the level of discomfort.

Qualified hearing care for a patient includes not only the organization of measures for the correct selection of a hearing aid, but also hearing and speech correctional work, measures to consolidate acquired auditory-speech skills, constant monitoring of hearing status.

Hearing aids of various modifications are issued to people with hearing impairments to restore the ability to communicate in the presence of the following indications: diseases, consequences of injuries to the hearing organ, leading to hearing loss (impairment of hearing functions III, IV degrees).

Differentiated indications for provision of hearing aids depending on their type are presented in Table 4.

4.2.2. Light and vibration sound alarms.

Sound signaling devices include devices various types and type:

Signaling devices designed to connect to a telephone (fax), doorbell, alarm clock for duplication sound signal light;

Signaling devices designed to be connected to an alarm clock to duplicate the sound signal with a vibration signal;

Telephone call indicator (telephone alarm) with the ability to connect a room lamp; baby crying light indicator with built-in transmitter; doorbell indicator light; alarm clock with light and vibration indication; smoke detector with light indication.

Light and vibration sound alarms are issued to people with hearing impairments with limited ability to communicate, orientation in the presence of diseases, consequences of injuries to the hearing organ that led to hearing loss (impaired hearing functions of III, IV degrees).

4.2.3. Televisions with teletext for receiving programs with closed subtitles, video media with subtitles - are issued to disabled people with hearing impairment of the IV degree in the absence of a hearing aid or the impossibility of hearing aids.

4.2.4. A telephone device with a text output is issued to disabled people to restore the ability to communicate, orientation in the presence of diseases, the consequences of injuries to the hearing organ, leading to impairment of auditory functions of the IV degree.

Voice-producing apparatus (various modifications); internal intercom (various modifications) for persons with impaired voice function; synthesized speech devices (various modifications) are issued for diseases, congenital anomalies, consequences of injuries to the speech organs to restore the function of voice formation