Oleg and Valentina Svetovid are mystics, specialists in esotericism and occultism, authors of 15 books.

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Spanish surnames

Spanish surnames

Most Spaniards have two surnames(father and mother), but it is not uncommon for one person to have more than two surnames; this is especially popular among the aristocracy.

Between surnames there may be a particle “de”, “y”, and an article (“la”, “las”, “los”).

The prefix "de" is used to indicate aristocratic origin.

Console " y"(and) appeared in the 16th century to divide double surname person. For example: Lopez y Garcia (Lopez-y-Garcia).

The second surname can be formed from the name of the place of residence or place of birth, for example, Nunez de Balboa.

Many Spanish surnames came from personal names - Fernandez, Rodriguez, Gonzalez, Sanchez, Martinez, Perez, Gomez.

The most common Spanish surnames

Garcia

Fernandez (Fernandez)

Gonzalez (Gonzalez)

Rodriguez (Rodriguez)

Lopez (Lopez)

Martinez (Martinez)

Sanchez (Sanchez)

Perez

Martin

Gomez (Gomez).

Spanish surnames (list)

Aguilar–Aguilar

Alonso–Alonso

Alvarez–Alvarez

Arias–Arias

Benitez–Benitez

Blanco–Blanco

Bravo–Bravo

Caballero–Caballero

Calvo–Calvo

Campos–Campos

Cano–Kano

Carmona–Carmona

Carrasco–Carrasco

Castillo–Castillo

Castro–Castro

Cortes–Cortez

Cruz–Cruz

Delgado–Delgado

Diaz–Diaz

Diez–Diez

Dominguez–Dominguez

Duran–Duran

Esteban–Esteban

Fernandez–Fernandez

Ferrer–Ferrer

Flores–Flores

Fuentes–Fuentes

Gallardo–Gallardo

Gallego - Gallego
Garcia–Garcia

Garrido–Garrido

Gimenez–Jimenez

Gomez–Gomez

Gonzalez–Gonzalez

Guerrero–Guerrero

Gutierrez–Gutierrez

Hernandez–Hernandez

Herrera–Herrera

Herrero–Herrero

Hidalgo–Hidalgo

Iglesias–Iglesias

Jimenez–Jimenez

Lopez–Lopez

Lorenzo–Lorenzo

Marquez–Marquez

Martinez–Martinez

Medina–Medina

Mendez–Mendez

Molina–Molina

Montero–Montero

Mora–Mora

Morales–Morales

Moreno–Moreno

Navarro–Navarro

Nieto–Nieto

Ortega–Ortega

Ortiz–Ortiz
Parra–Parra

Pascual–Pascual

Pastor–Pastor

Pena–Pena

Perez–Perez

Ramirez– Ramirez

Ramos–Ramos

Rey - Rey

Reyes–Reyes

Rodriguez–Rodriguez

Romero–Romero

Rubio–Rubio

Ruiz–Ruiz

Saez–Saez

Sanchez–Sanchez

Santana–Santana

Santiago–Santiago

Santos–Santos

Sanz–Sans

Serrano–Serrano

Suarez–Suarez

Torrez–Torres

Vargaz–Vargas

Vazquez–Vasquez

Vega–Vega

Velasco–Velasco

Vincente–Vincent

Our new book "The Energy of Surnames"

Our book "The Energy of the Name"

Oleg and Valentina Svetovid

Our address Email: [email protected]

Spanish surnames

Attention!

Sites and blogs have appeared on the Internet that are not our official sites, but use our name. Be careful. Fraudsters use our name, our email addresses for their mailings, information from our books and our websites. Using our name, they lure people to various magical forums and deceive (they give advice and recommendations that can harm, or lure money for conducting magical rituals, making amulets and teaching magic).

On our websites we do not provide links to magic forums or websites of magic healers. We do not participate in any forums. We do not give consultations over the phone, we do not have time for this.

Note! We do not engage in healing or magic, we do not make or sell talismans and amulets. We do not engage in magical and healing practices at all, we have not offered and do not offer such services.

The only direction of our work is correspondence consultations in written form, training through an esoteric club and writing books.

Sometimes people write to us that they saw information on some websites that we allegedly deceived someone - they took money for healing sessions or making amulets. We officially declare that this is slander and not true. In our entire life, we have never deceived anyone. On the pages of our website, in the club materials, we always write that you need to be an honest, decent person. For us, an honest name is not an empty phrase.

People who write slander about us are guided by the basest motives - envy, greed, they have black souls. The times have come when slander pays well. Now many people are ready to sell their homeland for three kopecks, and it is even easier to slander decent people. People who write slander do not understand that they are seriously worsening their karma, worsening their fate and the fate of their loved ones. It is pointless to talk with such people about conscience and faith in God. They do not believe in God, because a believer will never make a deal with his conscience, will never engage in deception, slander, or fraud.

There are a lot of scammers, pseudo-magicians, charlatans, envious people, people without conscience and honor who are hungry for money. The police and other regulatory authorities have not yet been able to cope with the growing influx of "Deception for profit" madness.

Therefore, please be careful!

Sincerely – Oleg and Valentina Svetovid

Our official sites are:

Love spell and its consequences – www.privorotway.ru

And also our blogs:

Each name in Spain has its own history of origin; the country is located in South-West Europe and is a sovereign state. Until 1528, Mexico was considered a colony of New Spain; gradually the population of Spain migrated to Central and South America, Argentina, Mexico, Europe. Therefore, today Spanish female names, just like male ones, are very common in the world, and only 20% of them are in modern Spain.

Each name (nombre - Spanish) has its own history; Spanish female names and their meanings can be attributed to Greek, Roman, Arabic, Germanic, English, Argentinean roots. Today, the majority of the country's population is Catholic by religion; according to the faith of the church, when a child is baptized, parents choose a name from a calendar with the names of Catholic saints. The child may be called by one or multiple personal names.

Starting from the years of revolution (30s of the last century) in Spain, and then in other Spanish-speaking countries, rare symbolic names began to be used, For example:

• Libertad - freedom.
• Encarnacion is the epitome.
• Paka - free.

After the end of the war, girls were given names borrowed from the names of plants: Rosa - rose; Camelia - camellia, etc.

Spanish female names and their meanings now include many foreign names that have entered the Spanish language as a result of the intertwining of native speakers with representatives of other countries, for example, are widely used english names(Milton - Milton, Gladis - Gladis), French (Yvonne - Yvonne, Josette - Josette), Italian (Halo - Halo) and others.

Pet names in Spanish are formed by using the suffixes -ito, -ita, -ico, -ica, for example: Carllito, Anita, Inesita and the like.

Spanish male first and last names can be represented by one word or several words at once. The surname model often includes the surname of the father and mother, sometimes they can be attached to each other using the particle -y, for example, Gonzalez y Palayo.

The population of Spain also has two surnames - paternal and maternal. The paternal one is placed in front, for example, spanish artist Salvador Dali, paternal surname - Dali, maternal surname - Domenech. In official conversation, only the first surname is mentioned; we know this artist as Dali, and not as Domenech.

Sometimes there are exceptions to the rules, for example, famous actor Antonio Banderas became famous under his mother's surname, his full name with his father's surname sounds like Jose Antonio Domingo Banderas. It’s just that Domingo in Spain is about the same as the Petrovs in Russia, and Banderas is much less common.

In some areas of Spain, there is a tradition of adding to the name the name of the area where the ancestors or the bearer of the name were born. When married, Spanish women do not change their surname, but simply add their husband’s surname to theirs.

As a rule, looking at the passport of a Spanish citizen, you can trace a certain pattern. The eldest boy in the family receives the first name of his father, the second - the name of his paternal grandfather. Older girl takes the first name of the mother, and then the name of the grandmother on the female side.

The Spaniards do not like too unusual and foreign names; they prefer the names that their great-grandfathers and great-grandmothers bore.

Since Mexico for a long time was a colony of Spain, Mexican male names are very popular among the modern population, for example, frequently used names for men:

• Armando is strong and brave.
• Santiago - in honor of Saint Iago.
• Mateo - gifted by God.
• Diego - from the Latin “learning, learning.”

The most popular Mexican female names that are still used in Spain today are:

• Jimena - heard by God.
• Valentina - creativity, talent.
• Fernanda - prepared for God.
• Camilla is the best, perfect in all endeavors.

Women's and men's Spanish nombre

Each name in Spain has its own meaning, most often it means something divine, because the Spaniards are a very religious nation, but sometimes the meaning of a name can convey the character of its owner, denote a flower or symbolize the history of Spain.

The most common beautiful Spanish female names have the following meanings:

• Agata is good, kind.
• Abigail is the one who brings joy to her father.
• Adeline - nobility.
• Adonsia is sweet.
• Adora is adored.
• Adeline is noble.
• Alicia is noble.
• Alba - dawn.
• Alta - high.
• Amadé is my favorite.
• Angel, Angelica - angel.
• Ariadne - perfect, pure.
• Belen - bread.
• Bernardita is braver than a bear.
• Bibiena is alive.
• The form is white.
• Bonita - enough, enough.
• Valeria is strong.
• Vanessa is a butterfly.
• Veronica is the giver of victory.
• Victoria is victorious.
• Viola is a violet.
• Virginia is a virgin.
• Vito is life.
• Vicenta is the winner.
• Gabriela is a man of God.
• Gertrude is the strength of the spear, beloved.
• Garcia is a bear.
• Grace - graceful, graceful.
• Dahlia - dahlia.
• Daniela - God is my judge.
• Deborah is a bee.
• Demeter - dedicated to the goddess of fertility.
• Diana - God, deity.
• Dolores - on behalf of the Sorrowful Mother of God.
• Donata - given as a gift.
• Dorothea is divine.
• Dulsita - soft, sweet, tender.
• Edita - war, battle.
• Elena - candle, torch.
• Zoe is life.
• Ibby - rewarder.
• Ida is diligent, hardworking.
• Ignacia is fiery.
• Imelda is all-encompassing.
• Irene - peace, tranquility.
• Iris - rainbow.
• Irma is huge.
• Isaura - from the Roman Isaurus - “resident of Isauria”.
• Isidora is a gift.
• Yolanda is a violet.
• Camilla - dedicated, serving God.
• Candelaria - candle.
• Candida is dazzlingly white.
• Karina is dear.
• Carla/Carlota is courageous.
• Carmela/Carmelita/Karemen - in honor of Our Lady of Carmel.
• Kasandra is radiant.
• Casilda is homely.
• Catalina is clean.
• Kinta is fifth.
• Kirina - spear.
• Ladis (from “Vladislav”) - to own, to have.
• Laura/Laurentia - laurel.
• Lourdes - from the name of the French. the city of Lourdes, one of the European pilgrimage centers.
• Lusina is light.
• Lucretia - profit, benefit.
• Luisa is famous, loud.
• Macarena - the name comes from the Holy Virgin of Macarena.
• Macaria - blessed, happy.
• Magdalena - in honor of Mary Magdalena / Magdala - a village on the shores of Lake Galilea.
• Malvina - eyebrow.
• Manuela - God is with us.
• Marcella/Marceline - arose from the male Marcello, and the name Marcello came from the name Marcus - dedicated to God.
• Margarita is a gem.
• Marianna is a combination of the names Maria and Anna.
• Marina is a seafarer.
• Maria - bitter, serene.
• Matra is the lady, the mistress of the house.
• Narcissus - sleep, numbness.
• Natalia - dear, fatherly.
• Noemi is nice.
• Norma/Normita - rules, norm.
• Octavia is the eighth.
• Olympia is Olympic.
• Olivia is an olive tree.
• Ophelia - help.
• Pacifica is peaceful and calm.
• Palmyra is a pilgrim.
• Paloma is a dove.
• Pamela - song, tune.
• Patricia - from the noble Patrician.
• Paula/Paulina - modest, sweet.
• Penelope is a "teal", a type of wild duck.
• Perla is a pearl.
• Raphaela - God healed.
• Raimunda - advice.
• Ramona is the law, fate.
• Raquel is a lamb.
• Rebecca is a trap.
• Reneta - reborn again.
• Sabrina - from the River Severn.
• Salvadora is the savior.
• Samantha - God heard.
• Sancia is a saint.
• Sarah is a noble woman.
• Saturina - on behalf of the god Saturn.
• Cecilia is blind.
• Celia is heaven.
• Cesaria is hairy.
• Theodora is divine.
• Teofilo - to love.
• Teresa - hunt.
• Timothy - to read.
• Urbana is urban.
• Uriel - God is my light.
• Urraca/Urrakita - tour. Ursula is a bear cub.
• Eleanor is light.
• Elisabeth is my God - oath.
• Eloise is healthy and unharmed.
• Elvira is supportive, friendly.

Among the male names of the past Most often you can find such names (arranged in order of popularity):

IN last years these names are losing ground somewhat , new male names are gradually taking their place:

• Daniel - God is my judge.
• Pablo is humble.
• Alejandro is a protector, a man.
• David is my favorite.
• Adrian is a resident of Adria.
• Hugo - soul, mind.
• Alvaro - supportive, friendly.
• Diego - training.
• Santiago - Saint James.

The “Simply Mary” phenomenon

The most common Spanish name known in other countries is Maria. It can be called either a girl or a boy (for boys it can be a middle name - Jose Maria, Alejandro Maria).

In documents, such a name can be written not in one word - Maria, but in more detail: Maria de los Angeles, Maria de los Consuela, Maria de los Milagres.

In life, they are usually called by their middle name Angeles, Dolores, Consuela, Milagres, etc. In fact, such names come from the exploits of the Mother of God: María la Reina de los Ángeles (Mary - Lady of the Angels), María del Consuelo (Mary - Comforter suffering), María de los Milagros (Mary of Miracles/Wonderworker).

Attention, TODAY only!

We once discussed the topic of names at an airfield in the Venezuelan state of Aragua. A sergeant who was in Kazan asked me: “Why do you have the same names, everyone has the name Ivan,” I answered: “Well, Ivan is just my name, very rare for my generation, I know no more than five Ivans.” , the same age as me. Previously, it was a very common name, and I was named in honor of my grandfather, uncle and many other relatives. Now for the next generation they began to often give the name Ivan, but for my generation the most common is Alexander." “Well, what about Sergei, Andrey? Almost everyone with those names.” “So your names are also standard and repeated often; in Mexico, almost all of them are Jose. Ivan corresponds to Juan, Sergey to Sergio, Andrey to Andres. You also have a lot of people with such names. The names are also standard.” A junior lieutenant walked by. I asked: “What is your name?” "Maria Alejandra". “You see, Maria. And your father’s name was Alejandro.” “Yes,” she replied. I told what our full name consists of, and that the second name is given by the father. “It turns out that you only have one last name, and it’s always from your father’s. This is machismo!( Machismo - maleness, machismo ). Here we have two surnames: one from the father, and the other from the mother, we get equal rights." "And the mother's surname is the surname of the mother's mother or the mother's father? Since the mother's father, it turns out that you have a double male. In our country, when a family is formed, the wife takes the husband’s surname, since for us the surname is the name of the family, which you have now begun to adopt, for example, from the former Mexican President Vicente Fox, the wife’s name is Marta de Fox, that is, the preposition is added to the husband’s surname, and she wears it." "Yes, a woman can introduce herself by her husband's last name, but before that she puts an excuse" de"".

Among Spanish surnames there are also very common ones (and even more often than ours). Many are derived from the father's given name and were once patronymics, although patronymics are no longer used and many Spaniards have little knowledge of the meaning of the word "patronímico" (patronymic). Most often, such surnames end in "ez". For example, Gonzalez is from the name Gonzalo, although I know people with the last name Gonzalo. On behalf of Martin - Martinez, etc. I have asked Spaniards and Latinos if the name Lopez comes from a wolf? Wolf in Spanish is lobo. The Spaniards told me that it might be, but they did not confirm or deny it. There are surnames from the names of cities or towns, like Calatayud (a city in Spanish Aragon). Some surnames can be used to identify Spanish roots, for example, the Leonese roots of the surname Chabolya. There are surnames that simply come from some Spanish words, for example Frias (the second surname of Hugo Chavez) from the word “frio” - cold; Zapato is a shoe. There are surnames from professions, such as Escudero (Shield Bearer or Shield Maker); Zapatero is a shoemaker. Of course, in Spain and Latin America there are Valencian surnames (for example, Revert, Luch), there are Catalan ones (Bosc, Dutch artist Bosch is also spelled the same way, and Holland was once a possession of the Kingdom of Spain, and the German Bosch is also spelled; Figueroa; Picasso), Basque (Loyola, Urquiola) and Galician. In Latin America, especially Mexico, there are Native American surnames such as Ake (Ah Ke - deer man in Maya) or Pech (Tick). Spanish America was inhabited not only by the Spaniards, and Italian and other European surnames, there are also Russians, especially in Argentina, where I receive many letters from people with Slavic surnames, whose native language is Spanish, asking them to explain the meaning of their surname.

Proper names usually consist of two, but there may be only one, standard Catholic names, and I list these names in the table below (also only the most popular, and a more detailed list can be found on the pages http://www.crecerfeliz.es/ Muy-Util/Nombres-de-ninos, if you read Spanish, of course). Proper names have diminutives, like ours. And from these diminutives surnames are also formed, for example, Chávez comes from the name Chava, a diminutive of El Salvador. Often now Spaniards and Latin Americans give their children names such as Tatyana, Olga, Ivan, Boris and Vladimir. Some even think that it is - spanish names. And the name Vladimir pronounced with emphasis on the last syllable or written with the letter "o" at the end. With their confusion of "B" and "V" and the pronunciation of the "l" sound semi-softly, this name is often heard as "Blyadim ú r". That’s what amazes Cubans when they learn how Lenin’s name is distorted. I also know one Mexican woman whose name is Anna Karenina, that’s what her parents named her under the influence of L.N. Tolstoy’s novel, we called her Anita. What were we thinking Her parents, when giving the name of the heroine who threw herself under the train, she could not explain, and also incorrectly placed the emphasis in her middle name.

Mexico is a Spanish-speaking country. This circumstance leaves a significant imprint on local traditions naming name. Most modern male and female Mexican names have Spanish roots. They were brought here by settlers from Europe and formed the bulk of the local nomenclature. As for the original national names of Mexico, they are used extremely rarely. The traditions that the Indians followed have long lost their relevance.

Among the popular Mexican names for boys and girls, there are also those that have Latin, Greek and English roots. Some of them are borrowed from Hebrew and Germanic. In any case, the sound of lucky female and male Mexican names is surprisingly beautiful and original. This circumstance makes them very popular both among the population of Mexico and among residents of other countries.

Choosing a Mexican name for a boy or girl

Parents who decide to name a girl or boy a beautiful Mexican name would like to give... They should be extremely careful about the pronunciation of words. Mexico uses a special variant of Spanish. Because of this, some names may be pronounced differently.

When naming a child, you should rely not only on your hearing, but also on logic. It is very important to accurately determine the meaning of Mexican first and last names. After all, the character and future of the child depends on him. You can also inquire about the meaning of the name according to the horoscope. This will make the choice as balanced and favorable as possible.

List of modern Mexican names for boys

1. Alejandro. From the ancient Greek "protector"
2. Diego. Popular Mexican boy name meaning "scholar"
3. Leonardo. Translated into Russian it means “brave like a lion”
4. Manuel. Interpreted as “God is with us”
5. Mateo. Mexican boy name that means "gift of God"
6. Nestor. Translated into Russian it means “wise traveler”
7. Osvaldo. Interpreted as "God's power"
8. Pedro. From Greek "stone"
9. Sebastian. Popular Mexican male name. Means "highly respected"
10. Jesus. Spanish form of Jesus = "God help"

Top most beautiful Mexican names for girls

1. Bonita. Translated into Russian it means “beautiful”
2. Dorothea. Mexican female name meaning "given by God"
3. Isabel. Interpreted as “dedicated to God”
4. Camila. Translated into Russian it means “the best”
5. Consuela. Mexican girl name meaning "comfort"
6. Pauline. Translated into Russian it means “modest”/“small”
7. Pilar. Interpreted as "column"
8. Regina. Means "queen"
9. Esperanza. Mexican female name meaning "hope"

The most popular male and female Mexican names

• Today the most common are such men's mexican names, like Santiago, Mateo and Diego.
• Quite often boys are called Miguel Angel, Emiliano, Leonardo and Sebastian.
• The most popular female name in Mexico is Ximena. He is followed by Valentina, Maria Fernanda, Camila and Sophia.

Spanish names consist of three main elements: a personal name (Spanish. nombre ) and two surnames (Spanish. apellido ). A feature of the structure of a Spanish name is the presence of two surnames at once: father (Spanish. apellido paterno or primer apellido ) and mother (Spanish) apellido materno or segundo apellido ). The choice of personal names in Spanish-speaking countries is usually determined by church and family traditions.

From Wikipedia:

In addition to the name received from their parents, Spaniards have names received at baptism from the baptizing priest and godparents. Most of the names received by the Spaniard are not used, but only one or two names are used, e.g. the current king of Spain five personal names- Juan Carlos Alfonso Maria Victor (Spanish) Juan Carlos Alfonso Ví ctor Marí a ), but all his life he uses only two of them - Juan Carlos.

According to Spanish law, a person can have no more than two names and two surnames recorded in his documents. In fact, at baptism you can give as many names as you like, depending on the wishes of the parents. Usually the eldest son is given the first name in honor of his father and the second in honor of his paternal grandfather, and the eldest daughter is given the name of her mother and the name of her maternal grandmother.

The main source of names in Spain is the Catholic calendar. There are few unusual names, because Spanish registration legislation is quite harsh: not so long ago, the Spanish authorities refused to obtain citizenship to a certain Colombian woman named Darling Velez on the grounds that her name is too unusual and it is impossible to determine the gender of its bearer from it.

In Latin America there are no such restrictions, and parents' imagination can work unhindered. Sometimes this fantasy gives rise to absolutely marvelous combinations, like Taj Mahal Sanchez, Elvis Presley Gomez Morillo and even Hitler Eufemio Mayora. And the famous Venezuelan terrorist Ilyich Ramirez Sanchez nicknamed Carlos the Jackal there were two brothers whose names were... Vladimir and Lenin Ramirez Sanchez.

However, these are all rare exceptions. In the Spanish-speaking world, the hit parade of names has been headed by the familiar classic names: Juan, Diego, Carmen, Daniel, Camila, Alejandro and, of course, Maria.

Simply Maria.

For obvious reasons, this name is one of the most common in Spain. It is given to both girls and boys (the latter as an appendage to a man’s name: Jose Maria, Fernando Maria). However, many Spanish and Latin American Marys are not just Marys: their documents may include Maria de los Mercedes, Maria de los Angeles, Maria de los Dolores. In everyday life they are usually called Mercedes, Dolores, Angeles, which in literal translation sounds quite strange to our ears: “mercy” (exactly so, in plural), "angels", "sorrows". In fact, these names come from various Catholic titles for Our Lady: Marí a de las Mercedes(Mary the Merciful, lit. “Mary of Mercies”), Marí a de los Dolores(Mary of Sorrows, lit. “Mary of Sorrows”), Marí a la Reina de los Á ngeles(Mary is the queen of angels).

In addition, children are often given names in honor of revered icons or statues of the Mother of God. For example, the famous opera singer Montserrat Caballe(who turns out to be Catalan, upon closer inspection of the name) is actually called Maria de Montserrat Viviana Concepción Caballe y Folk, and named it in honor of Mary of Montserrat, revered in Catalonia - the miraculous statue of the Virgin Mary from the monastery on Mount Montserrat.

Pancho, Honcho and Lupita.

The Spaniards are great masters at forming diminutive names. The easiest way is to add diminutive suffixes to the name: Gabriel - Gabrier lito, Fidel - Fide lito, Juana - Juan ita. If the name is too long, then the main part is “torn off” from it, and then the same suffix is ​​used: Concepcion - Conchita, Guadalupe - Lupita and Lupilla. Sometimes truncated forms of names are used: Gabriel - Gabi or Gabri, Teresa - Tere. My beloved Penelope Cruz is simply called by my loved ones "Pe."

However, not everything is so simple. Sometimes it is generally impossible to recognize the connection between a diminutive and a full name by ear: for example, little Francisco may be called at home Pancho, Paco or Curro, Eduardo - Lalo, Alfonso - Honcho, Anunciación - Chon or Chonita, Jesus - Chucho, Chuy or Chus. The situation is complicated by the fact that different names can have the same diminutives: Lencho - Florencio and Lorenzo, Chicho - Salvador and Narciso, Chelo - Angeles and Consuelo (female names), as well as Celio and Marcelo (male names).

Diminutive forms are formed not only from individual names, but also from double ones:

Jose Maria - Chema
Jose Angel - Chanhel
Juan Carlos - Juanca, Juancar, Juanqui
Maria Luisa - Marisa
Jesus Ramon - Jesusra, Hera, Herra, Chuymoncho, Chuymonchi

Man or woman?

Once upon a time, at the dawn of the popularity of soap operas, the Venezuelan series “Cruel World” was broadcast on our television, the name of the main character of which our viewers initially heard as Rosaria. A little later it turned out that her name is Rosari O , and the diminutive is Charita. Then again it turned out that it was not Charita, but Charit O, but our viewers, who had already gotten used to Conchitas and Esthersites, continued to call her “in the feminine gender” - Charita. That’s what they said, retelling the next episode to each other: “And Jose Manuel kissed Charita yesterday...”.

In fact, the soap character's real name was Rosario, not Rosaria. Word rosario in spanish language masculine and means rosary, according to which a special prayer is read to the Virgin Mary, which is also called Rosario(in Russian - Rosary). Catholics even have a separate holiday of the Virgin Mary, Queen of the Rosary (Spanish. Maria del Rosario).

In Spanish-speaking countries, the name Rosario is very popular, given to both girls and boys, but traditionally it is considered feminine. And that's not the only thing female name - "hermaphrodite": names Amparo, Socorro, Pilar, Sol, Consuelo derived from Spanish words amparo, socorro, pilar, sol, consuelo grammatically masculine. And, accordingly, the diminutive forms of these names are also formed in a “masculine” way: Charito, Charo, Coyo, Consuelito, Chelo (although there are also “feminine” forms: Consuelita, Pilarita).

The most common Spanish names.

10 most common names in Spain (whole population, 2008)

Features of the Spanish Surname.

And finally, let's talk a little about Spanish surnames. Spaniards have two surnames: paternal and maternal. Moreover, as already mentioned, the father's surname ( apellido paterno ) is placed before the mother ( apellido materno ): Federico Garcia Lorca (father - Federico Garcia Rodriguez, mother - Vicenta Lorca Romero). At In official address, only the father's surname is used: Accordingly, contemporaries called the Spanish poet Señor Garcia, not Señor Lorca.

True, there are exceptions to this rule: Pablo Picasso(full name - Pablo Ruiz Picasso) became known not under his father's surname Ruiz, but under his mother's surname - Picasso. The fact is that there are no fewer Ruizs in Spain than there are Ivanovs in Russia, but the surname Picasso is much less common and sounds much more “individual.”

By inheritance, only the father's main surname is usually passed on, but in some cases (usually in noble families, as well as among the Basques), the mother's surnames of the parents are also passed on to the children (in fact, the surnames of grandmothers on both sides).

In some localities, there is a tradition of adding to the surname the name of the locality where the bearer of this surname or his ancestors were born. For example, if a person's name is Juan Antonio Gomez Gonzalez de San Jose, then in this case Gomez is the first, paternal surname, and Gonzalez de San Jose is the second, maternal surname. In this case, the particle "de" is not an indicator noble origin, as in France, but simply means that ancestors mother of our Juan Antonio were from a town or village called San Jose.

Sometimes the paternal and maternal surnames are separated by the particle “and”: Francisco de Goya y Lucientes, Jose Ortega y Gasset. In Russian transcription, such surnames are usually written with a hyphen, although in the original they are usually written without separating marks: Francisco de Goya y Lucientes, José Ortega y Gasset.

When married, Spanish women do not change their surname, but simply add the surname of their husband to the apellido paterno: for example, Laura Riario Martinez, having married a man with the surname Marquez, can sign Laura Riario de Marquez or Laura Riario, Señora Marquez.

The most common Spanish surnames.

10 most common surnames in Spain