During the Great Patriotic War, Sholokhov, in military correspondence, essays, and the story “The Science of Hate,” exposed the anti-human nature of the war unleashed by the Nazis and revealed heroism Soviet people, love to motherland. And in the novel “They Fought for the Motherland,” the Russian national character was deeply revealed, clearly manifested in the days severe tests. Recalling how during the war the Nazis mockingly called the Soviet soldier “Russian Ivan,” Sholokhov wrote in one of his articles: “The symbolic Russian Ivan is this: a man dressed in a gray overcoat, who, without hesitation, gave away the last piece of bread and front-line thirty grams of sugar to a child orphaned during the terrible days of the war, a man who selflessly covered his comrade with his body, saving him from inevitable death, a man who, gritting his teeth, endured and will endure all the hardships and hardships, going to the feat in the name of the Motherland.”
Andrei Sokolov appears before us as such a modest, ordinary warrior in the story “The Fate of a Man.” How Sokolov speaks about the most ordinary matter about his courageous actions. He bravely performed his military duty at the front. Near Lozovenki he was tasked with transporting shells to the battery. “We had to hurry, because the battle was approaching us...” says Sokolov. “The commander of our unit asks: “Will you get through, Sokolov?” And there was nothing to ask here. My comrades may be dying there, but I’ll be sick here? What a conversation! - I answer him. “I have to get through and that’s it!” In this episode, Sholokhov noticed the main feature of the hero - a sense of camaraderie, the ability to think about others more than about himself. But, stunned by the explosion of a shell, he woke up already in captivity of the Germans. He watches with pain as the advancing German troops march to the east. Having learned what enemy captivity is, Andrei says with a bitter sigh, turning to his interlocutor: “Oh, brother, it’s not an easy thing to understand that you are not in captivity because of your own water. Anyone who has not experienced this on their own skin will not immediately penetrate into their soul so that they can understand in a human way what this thing means.” His bitter memories speak of what he had to endure in captivity: “It’s hard for me, brother, to remember, and even harder to talk about what I experienced in captivity. When you remember the inhuman torment that you had to endure there in Germany, when you remember all the friends and comrades who died, tortured there, in the camps, your heart is no longer in your chest, but in your throat, and it becomes difficult to breathe...”
While in captivity, Andrei Sokolov exerted all his strength to preserve the person within himself, and not to exchange “Russian dignity and pride” for any relief in fate. One of the most striking scenes in the story is the interrogation of the captured Soviet soldier Andrei Sokolov by the professional killer and sadist Muller. When Müller was informed that Andrei had allowed his dissatisfaction with hard labor to show, he summoned him to the commandant’s office for questioning. Andrei knew that he was going to his death, but decided to “gather up the courage to look into the hole of the pistol fearlessly, as befits a soldier, so that the enemies would not see last minute that it’s difficult for him to part with life...”
The interrogation scene turns into a spiritual duel between the captured soldier and camp commandant Müller. It would seem that the forces of superiority should be on the side of the well-fed, endowed with the power and opportunity to humiliate and trample the man Muller. Playing with a pistol, he asks Sokolov whether four cubic meters of production is really a lot, and is one enough for a grave? When Sokolov confirms his previously spoken words, Muller offers him a glass of schnapps before the execution: “Before you die, drink to victory, Russian Ivan.” German weapons" Sokolov initially refused to drink “for the victory of German weapons,” and then agreed “for his death.” After drinking the first glass, Sokolov refused to take a bite. Then they served him a second one. Only after the third did he bite off a small piece of bread and put the rest on the table. Talking about this, Sokolov says: “I wanted to show them, the damned ones, that although I am perishing from hunger, I am not going to choke on their handouts, that I have my own Russian dignity and pride and that they did not turn me into a beast, no matter how hard we tried."
Sokolov’s courage and endurance amazed the German commandant. He not only let him go, but finally gave him a small loaf of bread and a piece of bacon: “That’s it, Sokolov, you are a real Russian soldier. You are a brave soldier. I am also a soldier and I respect worthy opponents. I won't shoot you. In addition, today our valiant troops reached the Volga and completely captured Stalingrad. This is a great joy for us, and therefore I generously give you life. Go to your block..."
Considering the scene of the interrogation of Andrei Sokolov, we can say that it is one of the compositional peaks of the story. It has its own theme - spiritual wealth and moral nobility Soviet man, my own idea: there is no force in the world capable of spiritually breaking true patriot, make him humiliate himself before the enemy.
Andrei Sokolov has overcome a lot on his way. National pride and the dignity of the Russian Soviet man, endurance, spiritual humanity, indomitability and ineradicable faith in life, in his Motherland, in his people - this is what Sholokhov typified in the truly Russian character of Andrei Sokolov. The author showed the unbending will, courage, and heroism of a simple Russian man, who, in the time of the most difficult trials that befell his Motherland and irreparable personal losses, was able to rise above his personal fate, filled with the deepest drama, and managed to overcome death with life and in the name of life. This is the pathos of the story, its main idea.
During the Great Patriotic War, Sholokhov, in military correspondence, essays, and the story “The Science of Hate,” exposed the anti-human nature of the war unleashed by the Nazis, revealed the heroism of the Soviet people and love for the Motherland. And in the novel “They Fought for the Motherland,” the Russian national character was deeply revealed, clearly manifested in the days of difficult trials. Recalling how during the war the Nazis mockingly called the Soviet soldier “Russian Ivan,” Sholokhov wrote in one of his articles: “The symbolic Russian Ivan is this: a man dressed in a gray overcoat, who without hesitation gave away the last piece of bread and the front-line thirty grams of sugar to a child orphaned during the terrible days of the war, a man who selflessly covered his comrade with his body, saving him from inevitable death, a man who, gritting his teeth, endured and will endure all the hardships and hardships, going to the feat in the name of the Motherland.”
Andrei Sokolov appears before us as such a modest, ordinary warrior in the story “The Fate of a Man.” Sokolov talks about his courageous actions as if it were a very ordinary matter. He bravely performed his military duty at the front. Near Lozovenki he was tasked with transporting shells to the battery. “We had to hurry, because the battle was approaching us...,” says Sokolov. - The commander of our unit asks: “Will you get through, Sokolov?” And there was nothing to ask here. My comrades may be dying there, but I’ll be sick here? What a conversation! - I answer him. “I have to get through and that’s it!” In this episode, Sholokhov noticed the main feature of the hero - a sense of camaraderie, the ability to think about others more than about oneself. But, stunned by the explosion of a shell, he woke up already in captivity of the Germans. He watches with pain as the advancing German troops march to the east. Having learned what enemy captivity is, Andrei says with a bitter sigh, turning to his interlocutor:
“Oh, brother, it’s not an easy thing to understand that you are not in captivity of your own free will. Anyone who has not experienced this on their own skin will not immediately penetrate into their soul so that they can understand in a human way what this thing means.” His bitter memories speak of what he had to endure in captivity: “It’s hard for me, brother, to remember, and even harder to talk about what I experienced in captivity. When you remember the inhuman torment that you had to endure there in Germany, when you remember all the friends and comrades who died, tortured there in the camps, your heart is no longer in your chest, but in your throat, and it becomes difficult to breathe...”
While in captivity, Andrei Sokolov exerted all his strength to preserve the person within himself, and not to exchange “Russian dignity and pride” for any relief in fate. One of the most striking scenes in the story is the interrogation of the captured Soviet soldier Andrei Sokolov by the professional killer and sadist Muller. When Müller was informed that Andrei had allowed his dissatisfaction with hard labor to show, he summoned him to the commandant’s office for questioning. Andrei knew that he was going to his death, but decided to “gather his courage to look into the hole of the pistol fearlessly, as befits a soldier, so that his enemies would not see at the last minute that it was difficult for him to part with his life...”
The interrogation scene turns into a spiritual duel between the Captured Soldier and the camp commandant, Müller. It would seem that the forces of superiority should be on the side of the well-fed, endowed with the power and opportunity to humiliate and trample the man Muller. Playing with a pistol, he asks Sokolov whether four cubic meters of production is really a lot, and is one enough for a grave? When Sokolov confirms his previously spoken words, Muller offers him a glass of schnapps before the execution: “Before you die, drink, Russian Ivan, to the victory of German weapons.” Sokolov initially refused to drink “for the victory of German weapons,” and then agreed “for his death.” After drinking the first glass, Sokolov refused to take a bite. Then they served him a second one. Only after the third did he bite off a small piece of bread and put the rest on the table. Talking about this, Sokolov says: “I wanted to show them, the damned ones, that although I am perishing from hunger, I am not going to choke on their handouts, that I have my own Russian dignity and pride and that they did not turn me into a beast, no matter how hard we tried."
Sokolov’s courage and endurance amazed the German commandant. He not only let him go, but finally gave him a small loaf of bread and a piece of bacon: “That’s it, Sokolov, you are a real Russian soldier. You are a brave soldier. I am also a soldier and I respect worthy opponents. I won't shoot you. In addition, today our valiant troops reached the Volga and completely captured Stalingrad. This is a great joy for us, and therefore I generously give you life. Go to your block..."
Considering the scene of the interrogation of Andrei Sokolov, we can say that it is one of the compositional peaks of the story. It has its own theme - the spiritual wealth and moral nobility of Soviet people, its own idea: there is no force in the world capable of spiritually breaking a true patriot, making him humiliate himself before the enemy.
Andrei Sokolov has overcome a lot on his way. The national pride and dignity of the Russian Soviet man, endurance, spiritual humanity, insubordination and ineradicable faith in life, in his Motherland, in his people - this is what Sholokhov typified in the truly Russian character of Andrei Sokolov. The author showed the unbending will, courage, and heroism of a simple Russian man, who, in the time of the most difficult trials that befell his Motherland and irreparable personal losses, was able to rise above his personal fate, filled with the deepest drama, and managed to overcome death with life and in the name of life. This is the pathos of the story, its main idea.
During the Great Patriotic War, Sholokhov, in military correspondence, essays, and the story “The Science of Hate,” exposed the anti-human nature of the war unleashed by the Nazis, showing the heroism of the Soviet people and love for the Motherland. And in the novel “They Fought for the Motherland,” the Russian national character was deeply revealed, clearly manifested in the days of difficult trials. Recalling how during the war the Nazis mockingly called the Soviet soldier “Russian Ivan,” Sholokhov wrote in one of his articles: “The symbolic Russian Ivan is this: a man dressed in a gray overcoat, who, without hesitation, gave away the last piece of bread and front-line thirty grams of sugar to a child orphaned during the terrible days of the war, a man who selflessly covered his comrade with his body, saving him from imminent death, a man who, gritting his teeth, endured and will endure all the hardships and hardships, going to the feat in the name of the Motherland.”
Andrei Sokolov appears before us as such a modest, ordinary warrior in the story “The Fate of a Man.” Sokolov talks about his courageous deeds as if it were a very ordinary matter. He bravely performed his military duty at the front. Near Lozovenki he was tasked with transporting shells to the battery. “We had to hurry, because the battle was approaching us...,” says Sokolov. - The commander of our unit asks: “Will you get through, Sokolov?” And there was nothing to ask here. My comrades may be dying there, but I’ll be sick here? What a conversation! - I answer him. “I have to get through and that’s it!” In this episode, Sholokhov noticed the main feature of the hero - a sense of camaraderie, the ability to think about others more than about oneself. But, stunned by the explosion of a shell, he woke up already in captivity of the Germans. He watches with pain as the advancing German troops march to the east. Having learned what enemy captivity is, Andrei says with a bitter sigh, turning to his interlocutor: “Oh, brother, it’s not an easy thing to understand that you are not in captivity of your own free will. Anyone who has not experienced this on their own skin will not immediately penetrate into their soul so that they can understand in a human way what this thing means.” His bitter memories speak of what he had to endure in captivity: “It’s hard for me, brother, to remember, and even harder to talk about what I experienced in captivity. When you remember the inhuman torment that you had to endure there in Germany, when you remember all the friends and comrades who died, tortured there in the camps, your heart is no longer in your chest, but in your throat, and it becomes difficult to breathe...”
While in captivity, Andrei Sokolov exerted all his strength to preserve the person within himself, and not to exchange “Russian dignity and pride” for any relief in fate. One of the most striking scenes in the story is the interrogation of the captured Soviet soldier Andrei Sokolov by the professional killer and sadist Muller. When Müller was informed that Andrei had allowed his dissatisfaction with hard labor to show, he summoned him to the commandant’s office for questioning. Andrei knew that he was going to death, but decided to “gather his courage to look into the hole of the pistol fearlessly, as befits a soldier, so that his enemies would not see at the last minute that it was difficult for him to part with life...” The interrogation scene turns into spiritual duel between a captured soldier and camp commandant Müller. It would seem that the forces of superiority should be on the side of the well-fed, endowed with the power and opportunity to humiliate and trample the man Muller. Playing with a pistol, he asks Sokolov whether four cubic meters of production is really a lot, and is one enough for a grave? When Sokolov confirms his previously spoken words, Muller offers him a glass of schnapps before the execution: “Before you die, drink, Russian Ivan, to the victory of German weapons.” Sokolov initially refused to drink “for the victory of German weapons,” and then agreed “for his death.” After drinking the first glass, Sokolov refused to take a bite. Then they served him a second one. Only after the third did he bite off a small piece of bread and put the rest on the table. Talking about this, Sokolov says: “I wanted to show them, the damned ones, that although I am perishing from hunger, I am not going to choke on their handouts, that I have my own Russian dignity and pride and that they did not turn me into a beast, no matter how hard we tried."
Sokolov’s courage and endurance amazed the German commandant. He not only let him go, but finally gave him a small loaf of bread and a piece of bacon: “That’s it, Sokolov, you are a real Russian soldier. You are a brave soldier. I am also a soldier and I respect worthy opponents. I won't shoot you. In addition, today our valiant troops reached the Volga and completely captured Stalingrad. This is a great joy for us, and therefore I generously give you life. Go to your block..."
Considering the scene of the interrogation of Andrei Sokolov, one can say; that it is one of the compositional peaks of the story. It has its own theme - the spiritual wealth and moral nobility of Soviet people; his own idea: there is no force in the world that can spiritually break a true patriot, force him to humiliate himself before the enemy.
Andrei Sokolov has overcome a lot on his way. The national pride and dignity of the Russian Soviet man, endurance, spiritual humanity, indomitability and ineradicable faith in life, in his Motherland, in his people - this is what Sholokhov typified in the truly Russian character of Andrei Sokolov. The author showed the unbending will, courage, heroism of a simple Russian man, who, in the time of the most difficult trials that befell his homeland and irreparable personal losses, was able to rise above his personal destiny, filled with the deepest drama, and managed to overcome death with life and in the name of life. In this the pathos of the story, its main idea.
M. Sholokhov.
"The Fate of Man"
1 What are the features of the composition and plot of this work?
Composition is a story within a story.
The plot is Andrei Sokolov’s story about his fate,
confession of a courageous man.
2 What are the main milestones in the fate of Andrei Sokolov?
1 –
2 –
3……
What helps the hero survive? How it manifests itself
hero in all trials? (List personality traits,
character)
3 In which scenes is it most fully shown?
“Russian dignity and pride”?
4 What role does the meeting with Vanyushka play?
in the fate of Sokolov?
Analysis of the church scene.
Episode location. (main, one of the main,
secondary)
How do people express themselves? (about everyone's position)
Which position is closest to Sokolov?
How did the hero himself behave?
Author's position.
The role of the episode in the story.
In the episode "In the Church" Sholokhov reveals
possible types of human behavior in
inhumane circumstances. Various characters
embody here different life positions.
The Christian soldier chooses to die,
rather than submitting to circumstances and giving up
from your beliefs. However, at the same time he becomes
the culprit of death four people.
Kryzhnev is trying to buy his right to life,
paying for it with someone else's life.
The platoon commander awaits his fate resignedly.
Only the position of the doctor, “who is both in captivity and in
in the dark he did his great work,” evokes
Sokolov sincere respect and admiration.
In any conditions, remaining yourself is an attitude
Sokolova. He accepts neither submission nor
contrasting your life with the lives of others.
That's why he decides to kill Kryzhnev in order to save
platoon commander
Murder is not easy for Sokolov, especially since
killing one's own. But he can't allow it
injustice.
The episode "In the Church" shows how cruel
a person's character is tested.
Life sometimes presents us with necessity
choice.
The hero acts as his conscience tells him.
How is the author's position expressed in the story?
Sholokhov, in the image of his hero, reveals the tragedy of our entire
people, their misfortunes and sufferings.
The author's pain and sympathy are felt in the tone of the narrative, in
choosing a hero - a simple person.
The main method of constructing a story - antithesis - also serves
expression of the author's position:
Peaceful life - destructive war;
Goodness and justice - fanaticism, cruelty, inhumanity;
Devotion is betrayal;
Light - darkness...
It's clear which side the author is on.
Soldiers are unbending when they answer to
Commandant Müller, who sentenced him to
execution for campaigning in the camp against
hard labor. Muller offers a drink
a glass of schnapps for the victory of German weapons,
allegedly won in Stalingrad. Sokolov
refuses. Müller suggested something else: “Don’t
Do you want to drink to our victory? In this case
drink to your destruction."
This whole scene is not only an example of Sokolov’s fearlessness, but
and his challenge to those rapists who wanted to humiliate
Soviet person. After drinking a glass of schnapps, Sokolov
thanks for the treat and adds: “I’m ready, Herr
Commandant, come on, sign me up.”
And the fact that he refuses to eat even after the first
glass, and after the second - this is a detail, otherwise not
playing no role, here emphasizes the moral
the resilience of the Russian man.
Sokolov deals with the Nazis as expected
Soviet citizen, representative of the working class.
It is no coincidence that many researchers conduct
parallel between this episode and that event in honor of
which the Germans so arrogantly feast on, -
Battle of Stalingrad, noting that in both cases
it was the Russian soldier who turned out to be the winner.
Now he has found joy. He fell in love with him
abandoned boy, “so small
ragged: his face is all covered in watermelon juice
dust, dirty as dust, unkempt, and little eyes -
like stars at night after the rain!” - says
Sokolov, and in the very tone of his story we feel
how he cares about human destiny.
“A burning tear began to boil inside me...” he says.
Sokolov’s soul became lighter and
lighter. Life gains
high human meaning.
Touching worries appeared
about clothing and feeding
boy waiting for his father:
“At night you will stroke him
sleepy, then the hairs on the cowlicks
you smell it and your heart goes away,
it becomes easier, otherwise it is
I was petrified with grief..."
Why did the writer introduce an image into the work?
narrator?
Lets give portrait description
Andrey Sokolov: 274 – 275.
And provide an epic volume to the story.
The narrator turns out to be a mediator between
hero and reader. Andrey's point of view
is refracted in the author’s perception, so
way objectivity is born from
set of views on
reality of individuals.
Finally, the author here is not opposed
to his hero, he himself turns out to be
a man of the people, no wonder Andrey
Sokolov takes him for “his brother-
driver."
Compositionally, Sokolov’s story is a series of short stories,
each of which talks about some episode of his life.
The fate of Andrei Sokolov is painful. In the story
There are two contrasting pictures:
his family accompanies him to the front - his wife Irina, son, two
daughters.
Towards the end of the war, when Sokolov arrived at that place on vacation,
I saw something else: a deep crater filled with rusty water,
belt of weeds... A direct hit from a German bomb - and it was gone
houses, wives, daughters. No trace.
What are the facets of Russian national character
embodies Andrei Sokolov?
Common man, soldier, father
acts as
defender
life, its foundations, moral laws.
Sholokhov's hero defends the meaning and truth of himself
human existence.
Andrei Sokolov fought on the battlefield, fought as best he could, and in captivity
defended human dignity and the honor of his homeland.
Every turn of his fate is simultaneously projected onto history,
on the fate of his native people, of which he is an integral part
is.
Title of the story.
"Fate" has meanings:
Coincidence of circumstances
depending on the will of man, the course
life events
According to superstitious beliefs,
« otherworldly force,
predetermining everything that
happens in life."
– What is your idea of
is fate characteristic of a hero?
But man, no matter how hard things get
circumstances, can act as required
human dignity. Human can
treat circumstances actively.
“We had to hurry”
“I have to rush through and that’s it!” 282/4.
“And I don’t need to run alone,”
“I had to deliver him alive” - about escaping from
captivity;
“I wanted to show them, the damned ones,” - about the fight
with Mueller.
Not the “life” of a person, Sholokhov called the story, but
chose different words “fate”. - The most beautiful
in life (and it is indestructible) - a man, a worker,
people.
"Man" can also be understood as
specifically (Andrey Sokolov), and generally
(a person who is placed by war in conditions
the power of circumstances over him; and only strong
able to oppose this in spirit
circumstances your will, your ideas about
duty and freedom).
The fate of Andrei Sokolov is the fate of everything
of the Russian people who went through a terrible war,
fascist camps, the loss of the closest people, -
but not completely broken.
Analyze the hero's speech. How
the originality of Andrei Sokolov's speech
helps to understand the idea
works?
1 Sholokhov was reproached that Andrei Sokolov’s speech bore little resemblance to speech
an ordinary driver, although it is full of driver’s professionalism….
2 With the help of folk poetic inclusions, he appears as if from
on behalf of the entire Russian people. Because it is full of vernaculars:
(“yes, my heart swayed, piston
needs to be changed"
"chilled like dogs"
“tooth doesn’t meet tooth”
“but even here I got a complete
misfire",
“Rodney - at least roll a ball”,
"Basta"
"blow"
What is important for Sholokhov is not that Sokolov is a driver, but
not that he is from Voronezh. Character matters
generated by historical circumstances.
The poet Sholokhov does not focus on
professional and dialectal in his speech
hero. But do without these verbal colors
the writer also cannot, since he is a realist,
he needs to create a credible image.
Sholokhov creates the image of a living person,
developing into a symbol.
Mikhail Sholokhov's story "The Fate of a Man" tells the story of the life of a soldier of the Great Patriotic War, Andrey Sokolov. The coming war took everything from the man: family, home, faith in a bright future. His strong-willed character and fortitude did not allow Andrey to break. A meeting with the orphaned boy Vanyushka brought new meaning to Sokolov’s life.
This story is included in the 9th grade literature curriculum. Before you get acquainted with the full version of the work, you can read online summary“The Fate of Man” by Sholokhov, which will introduce the reader to the most important episodes"The Fate of Man."
Main characters
Andrey Sokolov- the main character of the story. Worked as a driver in war time until the Krauts took him prisoner, where he spent 2 years. In captivity he was listed as number 331.
Anatoly- the son of Andrei and Irina, who went to the front during the war. Becomes battery commander. Anatoly died on Victory Day, he was killed by a German sniper.
Vanyushka- orphan, adopted son of Andrei.
Other characters
Irina- Andrey's wife
Kryzhnev- traitor
Ivan Timofeevich- Andrey's neighbor
Nastenka and Olyushka- Sokolov's daughters
The first spring after the war has arrived on the Upper Don. The hot sun touched the ice on the river and a flood began, turning the roads into a washed-out, impassable slurry.
The author of the story at this time of impassability needed to get to the Bukanovskaya station, which was about 60 km away. He reached the crossing of the Elanka River and, together with the driver accompanying him, swam on a boat full of holes from old age to the other side. The driver sailed away again, and the narrator remained waiting for him. Since the driver promised to return only after 2 hours, the narrator decided to take a smoke break. He took out the cigarettes that had gotten wet during the crossing and laid them out to dry in the sun. The narrator sat down on the fence and became thoughtful.
Soon he was distracted from his thoughts by a man and a boy who were moving towards the crossing. The man approached the narrator, greeted him and asked how long it would take to wait for the boat. We decided to have a smoke together. The narrator wanted to ask his interlocutor where he was going with his little son in such off-road conditions. But the man got ahead of him and started talking about the past war.
This is how the narrator met a brief retelling life story a man whose name was Andrei Sokolov.
Life before the war
Andrei had a hard time even before the war. As a young boy, he went to the Kuban to work for the kulaks (wealthy peasants). It was a harsh period for the country: it was 1922, a time of famine. So Andrei’s mother, father and sister died of hunger. He was left completely alone. He returned to his homeland only a year later, sold his parents' house and married the orphan Irina. Andrey got a good wife, obedient and not grumpy. Irina loved and respected her husband.
Soon the young couple had children: first a son, Anatoly, and then daughters Olyushka and Nastenka. The family settled down well: they lived in abundance, they rebuilt their house. If earlier Sokolov would drink with friends after work, now he was in a hurry home to his beloved wife and children. In 1929, Andrei left the factory and began working as a driver. Another 10 years flew by unnoticed for Andrey.
The war came unexpectedly. Andrei Sokolov received a summons from the military registration and enlistment office, and he is leaving for the front.
War time
The whole family accompanied Sokolov to the front. A bad feeling tormented Irina: as if last time she sees her husband.
During the distribution, Andrei received a military truck and went to the front to get its steering wheel. But he didn’t have to fight for long. During the German offensive, Sokolov was given the task of delivering ammunition to soldiers in a hot spot. But it was not possible to bring the shells to their own - the Nazis blew up the truck.
When Andrei, who miraculously survived, woke up, he saw an overturned truck and exploded ammunition. And the battle was already going on somewhere behind. Then Andrei realized that he was directly surrounded by the Germans. The Nazis immediately noticed the Russian soldier, but did not kill him - work force needed. This is how Sokolov ended up in captivity along with his fellow soldiers.
The prisoners were driven into a local church to spend the night. Among those arrested was a military doctor who made his way in the dark and questioned each soldier about the presence of wounds. Sokolov was very worried about his arm, which was dislocated during the explosion when he was thrown out of the truck. The doctor set Andrei's limb, for which the soldier was very grateful to him.
The night turned out to be restless. Soon one of the prisoners began to ask the Germans to let him out to relieve himself. But the senior guard forbade anyone from leaving the church. The prisoner could not stand it and cried: “I can’t,” he says, “desecrate the holy temple! I’m a believer, I’m a Christian!” . The Germans shot the annoying pilgrim and several other prisoners.
After this, the arrested became quiet for a while. Then conversations began in whispers: they began to ask each other where they were from and how they were captured.
Sokolov heard a quiet conversation next to him: one of the soldiers threatened the platoon commander that he would tell the Germans that he was not an ordinary private, but a communist. The threat, as it turned out, was called Kryzhnev. The platoon commander begged Kryzhnev not to hand him over to the Germans, but he stood his ground, arguing “that his own shirt is closer to his body.”
After hearing what Andrei heard, he began to shake with rage. He decided to help the platoon commander and kill the vile party member. For the first time in his life, Sokolov killed a person, and he felt so disgusted, as if he was “strangling some creeping reptile.”
Camp work
In the morning, the fascists began to find out which of the prisoners were communists, commissars and Jews in order to shoot them on the spot. But there were no such people, as well as traitors who could betray them.
When the arrested were driven to the camp, Sokolov began to think about how he could break out to his own people. Once such an opportunity presented itself to the prisoner, he managed to escape and break away from the camp by 40 km. Only the dogs followed Andrei's tracks, and he was soon caught. The poisoned dogs tore all his clothes and bit him until he bled. Sokolov was placed in a punishment cell for a month. After the punishment cell followed 2 years of hard work, hunger, and abuse.
Sokolov ended up working in a stone quarry, where the prisoners “manually chiseled, cut, and crushed German stone.” More than half of the workers died from hard work. Andrei somehow could not stand it, and uttered rash words towards the cruel Germans: “They need four cubic meters of production, but for the grave of each of us, one cubic meter through the eyes is enough.”
A traitor was found among his own, and he reported this to the Fritz. The next day, Sokolov was asked by the German authorities. But before leading the soldier to be shot, the block commandant Müller offered him a drink and snack for the German victory.
Almost looking death in the eye, the brave fighter refused such an offer. Muller just smiled and ordered Andrei to drink for his death. The prisoner had nothing left to lose, and he drank to escape his torment. Despite the fact that the fighter was very hungry, he never touched the Nazis’ snack. The Germans poured a second glass for the arrested man and again offered him a snack, to which Andrei replied to the German: “Sorry, Herr Commandant, I’m not used to having a snack even after the second glass.” The Nazis laughed, poured Sokolov a third glass and decided not to kill him, because he showed himself to be a real soldier loyal to his homeland. He was released to the camp, and for his courage he was given a loaf of bread and a piece of lard. Provisions in the block were divided equally.
The escape
Soon Andrei ends up working in the mines in the Ruhr region. It was 1944, Germany began to lose ground.
By chance, the Germans find out that Sokolov is a former driver, and he enters the service of the German Todte office. There he becomes personal driver fat Fritz, army major. After some time, the German major is sent to the front line, and Andrei with him.
Once again the prisoner began to have thoughts of escaping to his own people. One day Sokolov noticed a drunken non-commissioned officer, took him around the corner and took off all his uniform. Andrei hid the uniform under the seat in the car, and also hid a weight and a telephone wire. Everything was ready to carry out the plan.
One morning the major ordered Andrey to take him out of town, where he was in charge of the construction. On the way, the German dozed off, and as soon as we left the city, Sokolov took out a weight and stunned the German. Afterwards, the hero took out his hidden uniform, quickly changed clothes and rode at full speed towards the front.
This time the brave soldier managed to reach his own people with a German “gift”. They greeted him like a real hero and promised to state award introduce.
They gave the fighter a month off to get medical treatment, rest, and see his family.
Sokolov was first sent to the hospital, from where he immediately wrote a letter to his wife. 2 weeks have passed. An answer comes from home, but not from Irina. The letter was written by their neighbor, Ivan Timofeevich. This message turned out to be not joyful: Andrei’s wife and daughters died back in 1942. The Germans blew up the house where they lived. All that was left of their hut was a deep hole. Only the eldest son, Anatoly, survived, who after the death of his relatives asked to go to the front.
Andrei came to Voronezh, looked at the place where his house used to stand, and now a pit filled with rusty water, and on the same day he went back to the division.
Waiting to meet my son
For a long time Sokolov did not believe his misfortune and grieved. Andrei lived only with the hope of meeting his son. Correspondence began between them from the front and the father learns that Anatoly became the division commander and received many awards. Andrei was filled with pride for his son, and in his thoughts he already began to imagine how he and his son would live after the war, how he would become a grandfather and nurse his grandchildren, having met a calm old age.
At this time, Russian troops were rapidly advancing and pushing the Nazis back to the German border. Now it was no longer possible to correspond, and only towards the end of spring did my father receive news from Anatoly. The soldiers came close to the German border - on May 9 the end of the war came.
Excited, happy Andrei was looking forward to meeting his son. But his joy was short-lived: Sokolov was informed that the battery commander was shot by a German sniper on May 9, 1945, Victory Day. Conducted by Anatoly's father last way, burying his son on German soil.
Post-war time
Soon Sokolov was demobilized, but he did not want to return to Voronezh because of difficult memories. Then he remembered a military friend from Uryupinsk, who invited him to his place. The veteran headed there.
A friend lived with his wife on the outskirts of the city; they had no children. A friend of Andrei’s got him a job as a driver. After work, Sokolov often went to the teahouse to have a glass or two. Near the teahouse, Sokolov noticed a homeless boy about 5-6 years old. Andrei learned that the homeless child's name was Vanyushka. The child was left without parents: his mother died during a bombing, and his father was killed at the front. Andrey decided to adopt a child.
Sokolov brought Vanya to the house where he lived with married couple. The boy was washed, fed and dressed. The child began to accompany his father on every flight and never agreed to stay at home without him.
So the little son and his father would have lived for a long time in Uryupinsk, if not for one incident. Once Andrei was driving a truck in bad weather, the car skidded and he knocked over a cow. The animal remained unharmed, but Sokolov was deprived of his driver's license. Then the man signed up with another colleague from Kashara. He invited him to work with him and promised that he would help him get new licenses. So they are now on their way with their son to the Kashar region. Andrei admitted to the narrator that he still couldn’t stand it in Uryupinsk for long: the melancholy does not allow him to sit in one place.
Everything would be fine, but Andrei’s heart began to play pranks, he was afraid he couldn’t stand it, and his little son would be left alone. Every day, the man began to see his deceased relatives as if they were calling him to them: “I talk about everything with Irina and with the kids, but as soon as I want to push the wire with my hands, they leave me as if they are melting before my eyes... And here’s an amazing thing: During the day I always hold myself tightly, you can’t squeeze a “ooh” or a sigh out of me, but at night I wake up, and the whole pillow is wet with tears ... "
Then a boat appeared. This is where the story of Andrei Sokolov ended. He said goodbye to the author, and they moved towards the boat. With sadness, the narrator looked after these two close, orphaned people. He wanted to believe in the best, in the best future fate these strangers to him, who became close to him in a couple of hours.
Vanyushka turned and waved goodbye to the narrator.
Conclusion
In the work, Sholokhov raises the problem of humanity, loyalty and betrayal, courage and cowardice in war. The conditions in which Andrei Sokolov’s life placed him did not break him as a person. And the meeting with Vanya gave him hope and purpose in life.
Having become acquainted with the short story “The Fate of Man”, we recommend that you read full version works.
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