Further into the forest makes more sense. Further into the forest there is more firewood value

Selection scary comics in the setting of rural America.

Fans of the horror genre are familiar firsthand with the oppressive atmosphere of American forests. You don’t have to look far for examples: you can recall both classics like Sam Raimi’s The Evil Dead and the experimental The Cabin in the Woods, directed by Drew Goddard.

However, not only filmmakers, but also many comic book authors turned to this setting, with key works which this selection will introduce you to. More material about comics you will find in my

Hillbilly by Eric Powell

Eric Powell - creator of the legendary comic The Goon. Having completed the epic saga, the author changed course to more local stories in his new fantasy universe. A stern-looking protagonist with a mysterious origin, who travels the world and encounters evil spirits from myths and legends. Doesn't remind you of anything? Analogies with Hellboy suggest themselves, but already in the first issue it becomes obvious that the comics are different both in spirit and in execution.

During the creation of The Goon, Powell practiced his craft of screenplay and art, achieving high level in Hillbilly. Drawing inspiration from Appalachian folklore, the author uses a distinctive mountain accent in the dialogue to add authenticity to the work.

In this comic he moved away from the long format plot novel with many characters and twisting plots, focusing on short but captivating plots. Main character loves listening, telling and discussing stories. At the same time, as in life, stories change from storyteller to storyteller, inviting the reader to decide for himself: what is true and what is fiction.

To convey the mood, Powell actively works with colors: the main part of the world is made in muted yellow-brown shades, with sharp pencil lines, like a rough sketch in a notebook. At the same time, the author has an impressive set of visual styles, without turning the comic into a dull yellow mess. Powell enjoys working with mythological bestiary: here you will find many-faced wolves, insidious witches, familiar trolls and creatures characteristic of Appalachia, which you have hardly heard of before.

Overall, a great story that combines a unique fantasy universe with horror elements and great dialogues about repentance, love spells and stupid people.

Harrow County by Cullen Bunn & Tyler Crook

A teenage and sometimes rather naive comic book that talks, among other things, about the problems of growing up. The story of Harrow County is dedicated to the conflict between a girl and the villagers, who are confident that she is the next incarnation of a powerful witch who was once killed. Trying to prove my innocence, main character discovers that he really has a connection with supernatural beings.

After this, the plot of the work begins to develop rapidly, and many minor characters. Cullen Bunn, far from being the most talented screenwriter, performs surprisingly well in Harrow County. He is especially successful at intensifying the horror, which he creates using a simple formula: several pages are spent leading up to the spread, where the next monster appears in all its disgusting ugliness. A kind of analogue of jump scares from movies.

But the star of the comic is artist Tyler Crook, who is known for his work on B.P.R.D. The ability and love to draw monsters and “body horror” is what sets Harrow County authors apart from the rest. In addition to the horde of evil spirits, which range from skinless little boys to giant demons, the comic is replete with nauseating moments, such as people with disfigured faces, rotten food in which maggots are swarming, and, of course, a lot of blood.

Freaks In The Heartland by Steve Niles & Greg Ruth

A slow, moving story about the importance and, at the same time, depravity of family ties, about the deeply wounded and wretched - all this through the prism of a closed community.

Greg Ruth, a comic book artist known among other things for his illustrations based on Twin Peaks, did a masterful job of conveying the viscous atmosphere of the work. Autumn, dirty tones are ideal for depicting rural areas: dilapidated barns, endless fields and withered trees. With every frame you plunge into the abyss of hopelessness, saturated with hatred and fear.

Even though the general outline of the universe is unsaid and many elements remain behind the scenes, ignoring the reader’s questions, the comic focuses on the two-faced nature of family ties. The authors are more interested in talking about the ambiguous moral essence of ugliness, where the absence of physical flaws does not make you a good person.

Moonshine by Brian Azarello & Eduardo Risso

Another work from the famous duo responsible for the crime comic 100 Bullets. Without parting with the gangsters, the authors add a pinch of horror and supernatural monsters to their new creation.

Moonshine will tell you a lot with its ambiguous name: having coveted excellent moonshine, polished gentlemen in jackets and with Thompson machine guns send their man to West Virginia in order to conclude a deal and arrange the supply of alcohol. As a result, the hero encounters a family clan of proud werewolves who do not need partners.

By setting the story in forests and swamps, Azzarello gives Risso complete carte blanche, emphasizing his irresistible love of contrast. Having gotten rid of contours, the artist enthusiastically depicts shadows that replace objects, buildings and even entire backgrounds. Whether it’s a hidden werewolf in the thicket of a forest, a character’s languid gaze, or a half-empty room, the artist invariably lines the frame with twilight.

In addition to the amazing art and monsters with bloody mouths, the comic contains reflections on the theme of loss - one of the main leitmotifs of Brian Azzarello. The main character who lost loved one, with every step deep into the wild lands he risks losing himself, forever lost in the madness of moonlight.

Hellboy The Crooked Man by Mike Mignola & Richard Corben

While traveling through 1950s Virginia, a cult demon witnesses an intervention otherworldly forces, teams up with a local redneck, and they both try to figure out what's going on here.

It is not Mike Mignola himself who is responsible for the drawing, but the legendary author and artist Richard Corben, who specializes in the horror genre and is known for his characteristic style, expressed in the grotesque masculinity of the characters. This time, instead of muscular monsters, Corben surrounds readers with endless tracts of coniferous forests. The stunning beauty of the original landscape in Richard's rough, sloppy drawing captivates and points to sinister secrets hidden in the depths of untouched nature.

While the drawing conveys the aesthetics most effectively one-story America, with all its crumbling chapels in the wilderness and wooden shacks inhabited by witches, the story focuses on the motives of return: returning home to origins, family reunion. Hellboy serves as a silent observer here, often remaining in the shadows or on the edge of the frame, giving way to the cursed little people who want to find peace in this dead land.

In general, comics are a very difficult medium for horror: the specificity of the image of frames and the absence of sounds pushes Mignola and Corben not to use standard “boo” moments and regular depiction of challenging elements on the pages of the comic, but to consistently build an oppressive atmosphere.

Gradually, page after page, the heroes plunge into the abyss of witchcraft, losing their comrades and all hope of redemption. When it’s all over, the reader will long remember the silent expanses of the mountains, dense forests and the crooked grin of the devil.

The material has been updated by the editors

The traditional role of the family of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), small RNA molecules that do not code for proteins, is considered to be the repression of gene activity and, in particular, protein synthesis. However, a new study has shown (for the umpteenth time!) that the functions of one of the groups of these molecules - microRNAs - are much broader: in certain cases they can stimulate translation rather than block it.

In the last ten to fifteen years, the basic dogma of molecular biology (“DNA → RNA → protein”) has been significantly weakened and expanded due to the fact that a great many molecular mechanisms have been discovered that stand out from this harmonious concept. The discoveries associated with short, non-protein-coding RNA molecules were revolutionary: this included the famous phenomenon of RNA interference (noted by the Nobel Prize shortly after its discovery) and other mechanisms of RNA-dependent gene repression. One type of short RNA - microRNA (miRNA; miRNA) is actively involved in the processes individual development organism, including temporal control, death, cell proliferation and differentiation, embryonic organ formation. They fine-tune gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, thereby adding another layer of complexity to the sophisticated mechanism of intracellular regulation. Originally discovered in a "laboratory" nematode C. elegans, miRNAs were then discovered in many plants and animals, and more recently in single-celled organisms.

Previously, it was believed that short RNAs are used by cells in the process of RNA interference for the specific degradation of unnecessary or harmful RNAs - in particular, this is how a cell can destroy foreign genetic material of viruses, related retrotransposons and other mobile elements, as well as RNA formed as a result of transcription genomic repeat sequences. Therefore, it was logical to assume that short RNAs serve as a kind of prototype of the “immune system” inside the cell. As our understanding of the participants and mechanisms of RNA-dependent gene repression developed, more and more new interesting features, the rich variety of ways of implementing this repression existing in nature was revealed.

The mechanism of action of most miRNAs is in many ways similar to RNA interference - a short (21–25 bases) single-stranded RNA as part of a protein complex (the key component of which is a protein of the Argonaute) bind with high specificity to the complementary region in the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of the target mRNA. In plants, the miRNAs of which are completely complementary to a segment of the target mRNA, binding leads to cleavage of the mRNA by the protein Argonaute right in the middle of the miRNA–mRNA duplex - a situation closest to “classical” RNA interference. In animals, miRNAs are not completely complementary to their target, and the result of binding is different. For a long time It was believed that binding leads to suppression of translation (the mechanism of which still remains a mystery) and does not cause any noticeable degradation of the target mRNA. However, it was later convincingly demonstrated that for most miRNAs this is not the case - proteins forming a complex with miRNAs stimulate the degradation of target mRNA, attracting enzymes that remove the cap at the 5′ end and shorten the poly(A) tail at the 3′ end. end of the mRNA. (This is where the degradation of mRNAs that have served their purpose usually begins.) Surprisingly, it is still not entirely clear whether the suppression of translation is a cause or a consequence of the onset of mRNA degradation.

Meanwhile, life once again demonstrates its reluctance to fit into any clear-cut schemes: in the laboratory of Joan Steitz ( Joan Steitz) it was found that siRNAs can effectively suppress translation by binding not only to the 3′ untranslated region of mRNA, but also to the 5′ UTR. And recently in the magazine Science another article from this successful laboratory appeared. It says that under certain conditions (reminiscent of cells going into “hibernation” when they are cultivated in the absence of serum in a nutrient medium), the interaction of miRNA and target mRNA leads to a strictly opposite effect - enhancing synthesis target protein. This was shown for the mRNA of one of the cytokines, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and the miRNA miR369-3, and then confirmed for the let7-a and miRcxcr4 miRNAs paired with artificially constructed mRNA targets.

Figure 1. In an actively dividing cell, miRNA binds to a complementary sequence in the 3′ untranslated region of mRNA and inhibits protein synthesis (translation).

However, in a resting cell, the same event leads to exactly the opposite effect. Interestingly, the effect of the same miRNA depended on the state of the cells: in dividing cells, miRNA inhibited the translation of mRNA, and in quiescent cells (temporarily left the cell cycle), on the contrary, it stimulated (Fig. 1). It is also interesting that miRNAs acted as part of a complex containing proteins Argonaute 2 And FXR1 Argonaute(although the human genome encodes 4 related proteins of the family , and all of them deal with miRNA to one degree or another). It is these proteins that belong the main role

in the mechanism of the observed phenomenon, while miRNAs perform the function of a “replaceable adapter” through which proteins interact with various mRNA targets.

The question of the mechanism of action, as well as the avalanche of other, more specific questions raised by this publication, remain unanswered. But I remember the time when the phenomenon of RNA interference had just been discovered - how clear everything was to us then and how logical it seemed!.. But now we can only shrug our shoulders - the further into the forest, the more firewood.

1. Literature
2. MicroRNAs were discovered for the first time in a single-celled organism; Grigorovich S. (2003). Small RNAs in big science. Part 1. The phenomenon of small RNAs.;
3. scientific.ru J. R. Lytle, T. A. Yario, J. A. Steitz. (2007). Target mRNAs are repressed as efficiently by microRNA-binding sites in the 5" UTR as in the 3" UTR.. 104 , 9667-9672;
4. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Science. 318 , 1931-1934;
5. S. Vasudevan, Y. Tong, J. A. Steitz. (2007). Switching from Repression to Activation: MicroRNAs Can Up-Regulate Translation. Nicole Rusk. (2008). When microRNAs activate translation.. 5 , 122-123.

Since ancient times, people have learned to notice certain relationships between various phenomena and analyze them. And although they did not mean much then, they found their expression in various proverbs, sayings and sayings.

What is the role of folk wisdom in people's lives

Wise thoughts and advice for all occasions, which are contained in proverbs, accompany us throughout our lives. And despite the fact that some proverbs are hundreds of years old, they will always be relevant, because the basic laws of life will never change. There are a lot of wise sayings, for example: “The further you go into the forest, the more firewood”, “It looks smooth, but it’s not sweet in the tooth”, “Praise is ruin for a good man”, “Wait and you’ll see, wait and you’ll hear”, etc. All of them briefly and clearly characterize certain actions, relationships, phenomena, and give important life advice.

“The further into the forest, the more firewood.” Meaning of the proverb

Even in ancient times, without even knowing how to count, people noticed certain patterns. The more game they get while hunting, the longer the tribe will not suffer from hunger, the brighter and longer the fire burns, the hotter it will be in the cave, etc. The further into the forest, the more firewood - this is also a fact. At the edge of the forest, as a rule, everything has already been collected, but in the deep thicket, where no human has ever set foot, there is apparently no firewood.

However, this saying has a much deeper meaning. Forest and firewood do not need to be taken literally; people simply expressed certain patterns that occur in our lives through the interconnection of these concepts.

In the proverb “the further into the forest, the more firewood,” the meaning is this: the deeper you delve into any business or undertaking, the more “pitfalls” come to the surface. This expression can be applied to many concepts and situations. For example, the deeper you begin to study a question, the more details you learn about it. Or the longer you communicate with a person, the better you understand the characteristics of his character.

In what situations is the proverb “The further into the forest, the more firewood” most often used?

Despite the fact that the meaning of the proverb allows it to be used in many situations, it is most often used when we are talking about the occurrence of unforeseen difficulties and complications in any undertaking. It’s not for nothing that the proverb refers specifically to firewood. Everyone knows that the expression “to mess things up” means “to make a mistake by acting rashly,” that is, it is interpreted in a disapproving way.

Apply this proverb It is possible not only in relation to some specific business that has been started. “The further into the forest, the more firewood” - this can be said in relation to a person who, for example, constantly deceives others, and lies draw him into a vicious circle, giving rise to more and more new lies. Or, for example, someone wants to climb career ladder and for this I am ready to do anything. If in order to achieve his goal he plays a dishonest game, then the higher he climbs the “steps”, the more unseemly acts he has to commit.

Conclusion

Embedded in proverbs and sayings, it briefly and succinctly characterizes all aspects of life - relationships between people, attitudes towards nature, human weaknesses and other aspects. All proverbs and wise sayings- this is a real treasure that people have been collecting bit by bit for centuries and passing on to future generations. By proverbs and sayings one can judge the values ​​that are inherent in different cultures. It is in such statements that the vision of the world as a whole and in various particulars is contained. life situations. It is difficult to overestimate the importance and role of proverbs and sayings in the life of society. They are the spiritual heritage of our ancestors, which we must honor and protect.

Russian proverb meaning: The deeper you dive into a problem, matter, etc., the more subtleties and features that were previously hidden, you discover.

Examples

(1860 - 1904)

“Vaudeville” (1884): “The wife is hysterical. The daughter declares that she is not able to live with such violent parents, and gets dressed to leave home. . It ends with an important guest finding a doctor on stage applying the husband's head has lead lotions, and a private bailiff drawing up a protocol for violating public peace and quiet."

"Sakhalin island"- “The cattle, such as we have, are borrowed from the treasury and fed at the state expense. The further into the forest, the more firewood: all Arkov residents owe, their debt grows with each new crop, with each extra head of livestock, and for some it already extends to an unpaid figure - two or even three hundred rubles per capita."

(1809 - 1852)

(1831-1832), I - about Ivan Fedorovich Shponka:

“He was already nearly fifteen years old when he moved to the second grade, where, instead of the abbreviated catechism and the four rules of arithmetic, he began to study the long one, a book about the positions of man and fractions. But, seeing that the further into the forest, the more firewood, and having received the news that the father ordered him to live long, he stayed for another two years and, with the consent of his mother, then joined the P*** infantry regiment."

Author Zhuravlev Andrey Yurievich

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