And in this Jourdain stands morally superior to them, he is purer in his thoughts and way of life.

/ / / The image of Madame Jourdain in Moliere’s comedy “The Bourgeois in the Nobility”

Louis XIV commissioned Moliere to write the comedy. The following event happened to the king: he greeted the Turkish embassy with all the luxury of which he was capable. But the Turks reacted more than modestly to the splendor of the court they saw. And one Turkish ambassador insulted Louis XIV with his remark that his master’s horse was decorated precious stones better than the king of France.

After this, the ruler ordered a comedy. He wanted to see on the stage of the theater a spectacle that ridiculed Turkish traditions.

Having received an external impetus, Moliere began to create. True, as the play was created, it acquired completely different features. The playwright in his comedy "" made fun not of Turkish ceremonies, but of the morals of the modern nobility and the lack of education of the petty bourgeoisie. This satire came out much more witty and entertaining.

In the center of the work is a bourgeois, trying in every possible way to hide his true origin and making various attempts to get into the highest noble society: hiring teachers, dressing up in secular dress.

In his depiction of bourgeois society, Moliere proceeds from the principle of division into different groups: people of a patriarchal nature, conservative and not ready for change; new people with heightened feeling self-esteem; simply imitating the nobility, empty by nature.

Madame Jourdain is a bright representative of the first group. She true nobility, both externally and internally. This is a woman who is different common sense and a reasonable approach to business. She is practical and has self-esteem. Madame Jourdain, with open ridicule, tries to reason with her husband and knock this manic passion out of his head, believing that it all began after her husband began to know important gentlemen.

All efforts of Madame Jourdain are now aimed at getting rid of the guests who have filled the house. She understands perfectly well that teachers adhere to mercantile goals and laugh at the naive hubby, mother-in-law of his vanity. The following phrase even appears on the pages of the comedy: they must be driven out, because these teachers cannot give anything other than gibberish.

Madame Jourdain did not take lessons, but easily counters Count Dorant’s remarks. She has a sharp tongue and always knows what to answer. You certainly can’t bribe her with open flattery. She will figure this out right away.

What also distinguishes her from her husband is that she is absolutely indifferent to the title of nobility. When Jourdain finds the daughter of a marquis groom, his wife does not support him, believing that he needs to be married to a loved one, and Lucille already has him. Madame Jourdain also has a clear explanation for this position: a husband should be an equal, and not look down on his wife and her bourgeois relatives. From unequal marriage nothing good will happen, she thinks. She is afraid that her grandchildren will be ashamed of their illiterate grandmother. And with all his might he takes the side of his daughter.

For such reasoning, Jourdain despises his wife, considering her petty, ready to vegetate in a bourgeois swamp all her life. But, in my opinion, this woman in her beliefs looks much more moral and purer than Jourdain himself.

Mr. Jourdain is the main character of the comedy. Moliere wrote the comedy “The Tradesman among the Nobility” in 1670. The reason for its creation was a direct order from Louis XIV to ridicule Turkish ceremonies in a comedy. However, Moliere went beyond the royal order and created an excellent work, directed against the social ills of modern France. He addressed a topical problem at that time: the impoverishment of aristocrats and the penetration of wealthy bourgeois into their midst, seeking to buy a noble title for big money. As we know, Moliere always followed the principle of “correcting people by entertaining them.” So the great satirist tried in his work to ridicule Mr. Jourdain, who is ready to sacrifice everything in order to become his own man in aristocratic circles. But Jourdain could not be a nobleman either by birth or upbringing.

For us, the readers, from the first minute of meeting the heroes of the comedy, it becomes clear that Moliere directed all the power of his talent precisely to show the stupidity of Jourdain’s idea, who sought to give up his capital just for a noble coat of arms. His idea cannot be called anything other than madness. The music teacher speaks about this, correctly noticing his master’s obsession: “Mr. Jourdain, with his obsession with the nobility and social manners, is just a treasure for us.”

A rich tradesman does not limit himself to the desire to simply acquire noble title and thereby become on par with sewing. It is commendable that Jourdain wants to be reborn internally, to acquire all the qualities and signs of an aristocrat. That is why he spares no expense and hires teachers, hoping with their help to realize his dream. He is not ashamed to study “in his old age.” Jourdain, in his own way, understands that the beauty of education is not so much in its applied, practical usefulness, but in the opportunities for communication that open up: “I want to gain intelligence so that I can talk about anything with decent people.”

But how ridiculous Jourdain is in some of his confessions regarding his training: “I had no idea that I have been speaking in prose for more than forty years.” Simple, childish joy, admiration for other people's knowledge, reverence for science in its own way, sincere contrition at one's lack of education - all this evokes sympathy.

Moliere shows that one of the main characteristics of a hero is vanity. To a certain extent, Jourdain could be proud of many things: his acquired fortune, his ability to conduct business, his smart daughter, his housewife wife. Now his connections with the nobles are ridiculous for those around him and are completely inconsistent with the usual way of life of the bourgeoisie, but most importantly, they are unprofitable. Money leaves the house, the usual order of life is disrupted, and ties with one’s circle weaken.

Living in two worlds - real and fictional - Jourdain is deprived of the opportunity to act and feel naturally, which serves as an inexhaustible source of ridicule of him. The veil does not fall from Jourdain’s eyes until Koviel’s last remarks: “Well, you won’t find another such madman in the whole world!” He is very funny in his red velvet trousers, green camisole, tight stockings with loose loops, and painfully tight shoes. Reading the comedy, you feel as uncomfortable as Jourdain. The playwright gives us the opportunity to understand what the hero cannot understand: nothing can replace culture and education, even bright dress and the address “your grace.”

Jourdain's stupidity is the reason for his loss. Blinded by the brilliance of aristocracy, the merchant Jourdain lost a lot: Count Dorant defrauds him of money. The author punishes his hero - he remains fooled, not understanding the essence of what is happening. By portraying Jourdain in this way, Moliere declares his humanistic position: he rejects not only the path chosen by the hero, but also the very idea of ​​dependence of a person’s value on class.

Of course, we feel sorry for this bourgeois, but at the same time we would like to use his example to warn our contemporaries: you can’t buy intelligence with money, but you will lose it; It is not a person’s appearance that adorns him, but his rich inner world. Jourdain admitted defeat, and the people who loved him helped him in this.

But the main conclusion that Moliere makes is that those nobles whom Jourdain took as a model are not at all worthy of him, that aristocrats are rogues, thieves, and slackers.

And in this Jourdain stands morally superior to them, he is purer in his thoughts and way of life.

One of the iconic works for the school literature course is “The Bourgeois in the Nobility”. It quite accurately shows the situation in the country at that time. The emergence of the bourgeois as truly strong social class- but at that moment he does not yet have any power, and for the sake of it he tries to imitate the aristocracy, whose time is already coming to an end. Jourdain is a typical bourgeois of that time. He is quite wealthy, has big house, even hires servants. It would seem, what is he missing? But no, ridiculous ideas about belonging to the highest circles of society prevent him from existing normally. Attempts to join the nobility seem ridiculous to both aristocrats and ordinary people. Thus, a respectable person becomes a scarecrow, through an excessive desire to be in the “elite”.
Among the most important Character Traits for the plot and for readers, we must highlight vanity, self-deprecation and naivety. Such a strange combination does not occur under normal conditions - that a nobleman, a peasant know well who they are, and do not try to become someone else without changing themselves. Jourdain strives for exactly this.
The most interesting, from a literary point of view, are his attempts to become someone else while remaining himself. Indeed, impersonating another person is quite easy, but not losing yourself at that time is a completely different task. Jourdain, oddly enough, copes with this. All his manners, his ability to speak, what he kills in his head in private lessons, disappear, he just needs to get angry. There is swearing and fighting again. Despite all this, as a tradesman, he knows the value of his money, and therefore it will not be possible to deceive him on this.
Self-humiliation is also an important characteristic of it. An adult, respected man who is ready to be considered equal to others causes laughter among the nobility. In fact, this behavior shows the differences between the aristocracy and common man, but Jourdain doesn’t understand. It’s easier for him to do what he’s told and throw away money on expensive dresses so that only the tailor’s assistants call him “your grace.”
All in all, Jourdain cannot be called stupid. He is simply a man of his time, he believes that becoming an aristocrat on the outside will simultaneously change on the inside. This does not happen, and everything remains as it is.

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Following noble traditions, Mr. Jourdain hires teachers for himself and strives to gain knowledge in music, philosophy, learn to fencing and dance like nobles. And teachers only take advantage of his imperfections and, as best they can, extract money from him. Each of the teachers declares that his science is important, and it is this that needs to be studied more deeply. But Mr. Jourdain needs much less from his mentors, because his knowledge of high society is only superficial. Therefore, in response to offers to learn physics, ethics and logic, Mr. Jourdain asks the teacher-philosopher to teach him only “to find out from the calendar when there is a month and when it is not.”

Mr. Jourdain naively believed in the all-conquering power of money and believed that in order to become a real nobleman, it was enough to hire an expensive tailor, and not spare money on a dress, and learn “noble manners.” Vanity also pushes Jourdain to spend. For example, once hearing the address “your honor”, ​​Mr. Jourdain increases the tip for the tailor’s apprentices, and they, having seen through his weakness, in their addresses reduce him first to “lordship”, and then to “lordship”, for which they receive everything more and more money.

The same vanity becomes the reason for Jourdain’s refusal to Cleon, his daughter’s fiancé. Unlike Cleonte, who believes that a happy and strong marriage can only be with an equal in fortune, Mr. Jourdain thinks completely differently. At Lucille’s request for his hand, he replies: “My daughter will be a marquise, and if you anger me even more, I will make her a duchess.”

It should be noted that Mr. Jourdain was a fairly good person. He earned his capital hard work, and did not spare money for those whom he considered his friends. But he was so naive that his simplicity was taken advantage of by those who wanted to make money at his expense. If not for his blind desire to become a nobleman at any cost, his life would have turned out completely differently.

In the tradition of comedy, everything ends happily. She marries the beloved daughter of Mr. Jourdain and, it seems, everything is falling into place. But the author leaves it that way open question about whether Mr. Jourdain managed to break into high society. This question must be answered by the readers themselves, taking into account all the circumstances and the character of the hero.

Moliere's comedy "The Bourgeois in the Nobility" was created by order of the King of France Louis XIV after the king was deceived by ambassadors Ottoman Empire. At the request of the king, representatives of Turkish citizenship should be ridiculed in the comedy. Moliere's co-author was Jean Baptiste Molly. For the first time, Moliere's work was presented in the presence of Louis the Fourteenth. The characterization of the comedy as a play leaves much to be desired; most of it is occupied by ballet.

Characteristics of the characters “The Bourgeois in the Nobility”

Main characters

Minor characters

This was a characteristic of some of the characters in Molière’s comedy “The Bourgeois in the Nobility”; it can be used to write an essay in literature classes.

Work test