Artists' titles. Famous actors who never received the title "People's Artist of the USSR"

Not all actors, singers and musicians receive the title of Honored Artist. To become one, you have to go through a long process thorny path where there will be troubles and obstacles, there will be people who will not mind putting talented person a spoke in the wheel, even if he is their friend and colleague. But there is no need to give up, you need to work long and hard. And then reward and recognition will find you themselves.

Who is entitled to the title?

Honorary status is assigned to persons working in the fields of cinema, pop, theater, ballet, workers in the music and circus fields, as well as radio and television workers, and so on. A person applying for the title of "Honored Artist" must have worked for 20 years or more and achieved public recognition.

How is it possible to receive a state award?

In 2010, a special decree was issued by the President of the Russian Federation stating that this high title is awarded to a worker only when he has worked in the field of art for more than 20 years. But that's not all. The candidate for the title must have any awards or incentives (diplomas, certificates, grants) issued federal authorities or organs state power subjects of the Russian Federation. This means that the future Honored Artist of theatre, cinema, etc. will receive the title due to him only upon reaching the age of 38, provided that the person began working in various creative teams from 18 years old.

Of course, simply working for 20 years in cinema or theater to obtain the status of an Honored Artist is not enough. You need to make a big contribution to art or its development, for example, make a film that becomes popular, successfully perform in many performances, achieve fame and recognition of your name. If the future honored artist meets all of the above requirements, you can safely apply for the title. But before you write an appeal, you need to draw up a petition for an award. This is usually done by the director or head of the institution where the talented employee works, or his team. In other words, according to location permanent job person. If for some reason the future honored artist does not work anywhere, then the petition is drawn up in the place where he was active in the field of arts.

How is an honored artist different from a folk artist? Which title is preferable?

It is more difficult to become a People's Artist than an Honored Artist. This does not mean that getting second status is easy. You need to work hard. To receive the title “Honored Artist of Russia”, you need to work for the benefit of art for at least 20 years. For those who have chosen ballet as their specialty, this period is reduced to 10 years. But to become a People's Artist, you need to work for another 10 years after receiving the title of Honored Artist. For those who practice ballet dancing, the time is again reduced to 5 years.

To summarize, we can say that when asked which title is better - honored or National artist, we can confidently answer that it is better to be second. However, you cannot become one until you have received the status of the first.

Special privileges in the USSR

Of course, this is not the only difference in titles. A People's Artist is now entitled to more privileges and awards than a deserved one. If during the Soviet era, when the latter went on tour, he was entitled to a place in a compartment and a shabby hotel room, then the former was given more honors. The carriage stood out no less than a sleeping one, and the place where the actor was located was luxurious. In addition, people's artists received and receive a good increase in salary, vouchers to a sanatorium, and previously, when going to and leaving a performance, an artist was given a car that would take him there and back. Now this privilege, unfortunately, has been cancelled.

Honored Artists of Russia

Singer Leonid Agutin was included in the honorary list of recognized artists. He is the son of a musician and teacher, followed in his father’s footsteps and already studied at the music school. Then he graduated from the Moscow jazz school, served in the army, and then seriously took up his career as a singer and musician. His award found its recipient in 2008.

Singer Tatyana Bulanova also has this status. Although her relatives are not at all connected with music, like Leonid Agutin’s (Tatiana’s father graduated from the Naval Academy, and her mother was a photographer), the girl discovered a love for music from childhood. And although the singer received it, she still decided to show off her talent on stage. The beginning of her career, or debut, took place in 1990, and 14 years later she received the title “Honored Artist”.

Mark of distinction

The awarded person will receive not only a certificate but also a special badge. It is made of silver and has a very beautiful and unusual shape. The award looks like an oval wreath, which is obtained using two crossed tree branches - oak and laurel. There is a beautiful bow at the bottom of the award, and the state emblem at the top. In the center, right on the wreath, there is an inscription that reads: “Honored Artist.” There is a pin on the back of the badge so that it can be attached to a jacket. Traditionally this is done with right side breasts

Summing up

This award, which was carefully reviewed in the article, is difficult to obtain, but possible. You just need to remember that not a single achievement will be achieved unless you make titanic efforts and devote yourself entirely to achieving your cherished goal. It’s not for nothing that they say that dreams come true. Only enough strong desire. And then the title will not be just a name.

One of the types of state recognition of services to the public, among others, are honorary titles. Honorary titles Russian Federation belong to the system of state awards and honors of the Russian Federation.

On December 30, 1995, President of the Russian Federation B.N. Yeltsin signed Decree No. 1341 “On the establishment of honorary titles” to replace the previously existing honorary titles of the RFSFR. This decree establishes 54 titles, among which in the list at No. 1 is People's Artist of the Russian Federation.

The title of People's Artist of Russia is the highest honorary title for achievements in the field of art. This title can be awarded to theater and circus workers, music and pop artists, representatives of cinema, anyone whose public contribution to the prosperity of the arts of the Russian Federation has been appreciated and widely recognized by both the public and the professional community. The title of People's Artist can be awarded to representatives of such professions as artists, conductors, playwrights, composers, directors, music artists and etc.

The title “People’s Artist” is awarded on the eve of Cultural Worker’s Day, which is celebrated on March 25 annually based on the Decree of the President of the country once a year.

The ancestor of the current title of “People’s Artist of the Russian Federation” was the title “People’s Artist of the Republic”, approved by the government in 1919. The first carriers this title there were F. Chaliapin, L. Sobinov and A. Glazunov. The title "People's Artist of the RSFSR" has been awarded since 1931. And from 1936 to 1991, higher than the title “People’s Artist of the RSFSR” was “People’s Artist of the USSR”. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the name underwent minor transformations: the word “RSFSR” was replaced by the words “Russian Federation”.

Since 1995, the title of “People’s” has been awarded to nominees who already have the title of “Honored Artist of the Russian Federation” or “Honored Worker of the Russian Federation,” but not earlier than ten years after the previous title was awarded.

The title “People’s Artist of the Russian Federation” was reinforced by the presentation of a badge. The badge of honor is the same in appearance for all honorary titles in Russia. The badge size is 30 mm by 40 mm. Made from silver-based alloys. Oval in shape, framed by oak and laurel branches, fastened at the bottom with a ribbon. At the top of the order is the coat of arms of Russia. In the center of the sign is the inscription “People’s Artist”. back side The badge is equipped with a pin; the badge is attached to the chest on the right.

Since 2010, the “People’s Artist of the Russian Federation” sign has been plated with gold.

Since 1995, the honorary title of “People's Artist” has been awarded to more than a thousand people, including singers, film and theater artists, circus artists, directors, conductors and representatives of other professions in the arts.

In 1995, the title was awarded to 82 representatives of the above professions.

Among them are famous to a wide circle names:

Artistic director of the Moscow Ballet Theater Vladimir Vasiliev;

Artist of the Mayakovsky Moscow Theater Igor Kostalevsky;

Theater and film artists Avangard Leontiev Evgenia Simonova, Leonid Solovyov, Natalya Selezneva, Margarita Terekhova, Mikhail Filippov,

Theater director Yuri Osherov;

Film director Evgeny Tashkov;

Opera singer Dmitry Hvorostovsky;

Mosconcert soloist Ekaterina Shavrina.

1996 - 77 people were awarded the title of “People’s Artist of the Russian Federation”, among them:

Mosconcert artist David Ashkenazy;

Cinematographer Valery Ginzburg;

Pop singer and composer Vyacheslav Dobrynin;

Pop singers Sergei Zakharov and Valery Leontyev;

Composers Igor Krutoy, Isaac Schwartz,

Chief conductor of the Russian Symphony Chapel Valery Polyansky.

The year 1997 was marked for 71 people by being awarded the honorary title of “People’s Artist”:

Pop singers Yuri Antonov, Alexander Malinin;

Television announcer Viktor Balashov;

Artist of the Moscow Miniature Theater Klara Novikova.

1998 brought recognition and honorary titles to 63 lucky ones, among them:

Theater and film artist Emmanuil Vitorgan, Sergei Makovetsky, Larisa Udovichenko;

Pop singer Larisa Dolina;

Conductor and teacher Fuat Mansurov;

TV presenter Igor Nikolaev;

Chief conductor of the state symphony orchestra Sergey Skripka.

In 1999, the honorary title was awarded to 95 artists, including:

Composers Eduard Artemyev, Evgeny Rodygin, Alexey Rybnikov;

Mosconcert soloist Roxana Babayan;

Singer and composer Alexander Gradsky, Andrey Makarevich;

Accordionist, professor at the Gnessin Academy Yuri Dranga;

Artist of the Romany Song Theater Ekaterina Zhemchuzhnaya;

Theater and film artists Vladimir Ilyin, Mikhail Kononov, Aristarkh Livanov, Semyon Farada;

Soloist of the ensemble " Golden ring» Nadezhda Kadysheva;

Artist of the Moscow Theater of Miniatures Roman Kats (Kartsev);

Theater director Joseph Raikhelgauz;

Violinist and conductor Sergei Stadler.

year 2000. 50 people were awarded the title of “People’s Artist of the Russian Federation”. Among them:

Film director Vladimir Bortko;

Theater and film artists Tatyana Dogileva, Zinaida Kirillova, Alexander Filippenko;

Television worker Svetlana Morgunova;

Head of the Krasnaya Presnya Theater Yuri Pogrebnichko;

Composer David Tukhmanov;

Artist Russian circus Tatiana Filatova.

In 2001, 72 people became bearers of the honorary title “People’s Artist”:

Theater and film actors Lev Borisov, Dmitry Pevtsov;

Pop singer and composer Oleg Gazmanov;

Film directors Svetlana Druzhinina, Valery Lonskoy;

Pop artists and TV presenters Ilya Oleynikov, Yuri Stoyanov;

Director, actor and clown Vyacheslav Polunin;

Bard, singer and composer Alexander Rosenbaum;

Ballet dancer Nikolai Tsiskaridze.

In 2001, 70 people were nominated for the honorary title. The most famous among them:

Composer Gennady Gladkov;

Pop singers Alla Ioshpe, Nikolai Rastorguev;

Film artists Mikhail Kokshenov, Boris Klyuev, Elena Yakovleva;

Film directors Alexey Uchitel, Karen Shakhnazarov;

Actor and TV presenter Leonid Yakubovich.

In 2003, the title was awarded to 73 talented and famous people. Of these, there are many well-known names:

Conductor Murad Mamedov;

Theater and film artists Alexander Belyaev, Igor Vasiliev, Oleg Menshikov;

Circus performer, illusionist Igor Kio;

Composer Alexey Kozlov;

Film director Bulat Mansurov;

2004 was a significant year for 75 honorary title nominees, including:

Theater and film artist Oleg Anofriev;

Singer and composer Tamara Gverdtsiteli;

Theater artists Larisa Kadochnikova, Evgeny Mironov;

Artistic director of the Moscow Theater “At the Moscow Gate” Mark Rozovsky;

Singer Alexander Serov.

2006 brought awards and honorary titles to 72 creative people:

Presenter: Svyatoslav Belza;

Composers Yakov Dubravin and Maxim Dunaevsky;

Theater artist Marina Zudina.

A little more, 77 people, received the honorary title of “People’s” in 2007, including:

Theater and film artists Irina Alferova, Evgeny Leonov, Irina Rozanova, Dmitry Kharatyan;

Theater teacher, theater and film actress Rimma Belyakova;

Ballet dancer Diana Vishneva;

Circus artists Vitaly Vorobyov, Yuri Durov.

2008 was no less eventful. 71 nominees for the title “People’s Artist”. Here are some famous names:

Theater and film actors Sergei Bezrukov, Viktor Sukhorukov, Semyon Strugachev, Elena Yakovleva;

Film director Nikolai Dostal;

Pop artist Philip Kirkorov.

The year 2009 brought a lull - only 28 people, including the following celebrities:

Opera and crooner Nikolay Baskov;

Theater and film actors Alexey Buldakov, Alexander Pankratov-Cherny, Valentina Telichkina;

Theater director Roman Viktyuk;

Choreographer, ballet dancer Andris Liepa;

Musician, bard, actor Oleg Mityaev.

Even fewer, 20 nominees, could be awarded the title of “People’s Artist” in 2010. However, there are quite a few famous names on the list:

Pop singers Irina Allegrova, Alexander Buinov, Dmitry Malikov,

Theater and film artists Vladimir Mashkov, Alexey Serebryakov;

Film director Vladimir Khotinenko;

Variety artist, pianist Levon Oganezov.

In 2011, 25 people were awarded the honorary title. These include:

Musician and pop singer Vladimir Kuzmin;

Theater and film artists Viktor Verzhbitsky, Vera Glagoleva, Fyodor Dobronravov;

Pianist Denis Matsuev.

In 2012, 28 people received the title “People’s Artist of the Russian Federation”:

Theater and film artists Konstantin Khabensky, Chulpan Khamatova;

Pianist Daniil Kramer;

Satirist writer, director of the Moscow Theater of Miniatures Mikhail Zhvanetsky;

Trainers and circus performers are brothers Askold and Edgard Zapashny.

In 2013, there were 18 recipients of the honorary title, among them:

Film artists Natalya Gvozdikova, Igor Sklyar;

Pop singer Perfilova Valeria (Valeria);

Director, film artist Elena Tsyplakova;

And finally, in 2014, only 9 artists and cultural figures were awarded the title “People’s Artist”, including such names as:

Artists Igor Volkov and Valery Kirillov.

As in any other activity, the merits of cultural workers have always been recognized with state awards. What did they get them for? For his contribution to the development of culture and personal investment in the development of art. What is higher - Honored Artist or People's Artist? Let's figure it out.

Who can apply for state-level awards?

People often ask the question: "What is higher - People's Artist of Russia or Honored Artist of Russia?" But in order to answer it, you first need to understand who can claim this title. First of all, of course, these are the people who can be seen on cinema screens. These are actors. They are more likely than others to receive government incentives. But no film can be made without those who remain behind the scenes. Directors, screenwriters, playwrights are those people who make a significant contribution to the development of cinema. And they also often receive state awards. The work of artists who do not act in films, but often appear on television, is also noted. These are singers and TV show hosts. The state also supports various other areas of culture. For example, circus, theater and philharmonic societies. People who long years work to create effective programs, be it circus show or concerts of operatic music, may rightly be distinguished by state privileges.

What can you get an arts award for?

Before you understand what is higher - an Honored Artist or a People's Artist, you need to decide why you reward people in general.

• First of all, of course, for the creation of cult programs and films. To stage such creative projects it takes more than one year. But they become part of the life of the people. Cult films broadcast annually on television, and theatrical performances are staged in theaters across the country.
• State awards reward people who, thanks to their talent and personal charisma, have enriched a particular role. And these will not always be those who act as the main characters. Sometimes state awards are given to supporting actors who did an excellent job and were able to outshine everyone else with their acting skills.
• The honorary title can be received for a breakthrough in any field of art. How to make this breakthrough? Come up with a program for training actors, write an unexpected twist in the script that has never been used before. In general, to make an innovation that will enrich the culture of the country.
• Teaching is a noble profession. And sometimes creative personalities who have trained more than one generation of magnificent actors, musicians, conductors, etc., become winners of state awards.

Honored Artist

Thanks to their talent and charisma, some people become public favorites. To understand what is higher - Honored Artist or People's Artist, you need to analyze these titles separately, and then compare them. During his life, a cultural figure receives many awards. First, he is awarded city, then regional, and only then state insignia. A person who applies for the title of Honored Artist must have worked in culture for at least 20 years. Moreover, during this time he must go through all stages of development, from the very bottom, to the top of his career, and, accordingly, to glory. After all, not everyone becomes an honored artist, but only those people who not only work in culture, but also enrich it through their talent and hard work. Sometimes they have to live by work, and therefore at work. This hard labour appreciated by the government. The award is most often timed to coincide with March 25 - Cultural Worker's Day.

National artist

After a person makes his contribution to the development of art, the government awards him the first title. An honored artist is a figure who, through his creative work, has contributed to the advancement of his chosen field for 30 years. If this person does not lose his potential and does not stop there, the next government award awaits him. A cultural figure becomes a people's artist. But only those who have dedicated 20 years of their life to their profession can receive this title. The only exceptions are ballet dancers. After all, as you know, ballerinas at the age of 30 are already considered pensioners. Therefore, as an exception, they have the title folk artists awarded for 20 years of outstanding creative activity. Like all other state awards, the order for the appointment of a new title is drawn up by the government and signed by the president. Therefore, answering the question of what is higher - an Honored Artist or a People's Artist, we can safely say that the People's Artist. After all, to achieve this honorable award, you need to devote most of your life to the service of art.

Comparison

We have already understood which title is higher - People's Artist or Honored Artist. Now we need to summarize and systematize the information.

• Both titles are state titles, appointed by the government.
• The status of "People's Artist" is awarded to a person for 30 years of service to art. But to become an honored artist, you need to work in culture for at least 20 years. The only exceptions are ballerinas.
• What is the difference between a People's Artist and an Honored Artist? In the sequence of obtaining ranks. It is impossible to become a People's Artist if there is no award of an Honored Artist in the arsenal of achievements.

What title do cultural figures value?

The reader has already understood what is higher - People's Artist or Honored Artist. But how do cultural figures themselves feel about these titles? Naturally, both government awards are important to people.

But in culture, as well as in the military industry, the bad soldier is the one who does not dream of becoming a general. Therefore, artists who have already achieved the title of Honored Artists try not to lose face and work hard to receive the coveted award. Honored Artist is not just a title, it is something more. Recognition, people's love and reaching the pinnacle of one's career - this is what the decree and the badge that comes with it mean for an artist. Therefore, without a doubt, every person who works in the field of culture and wants to achieve something in this life hopes at the end of his brilliant career to have the honorary title of People's Artist.

At the end of May, Mikhail Trukhin, well known from the series “Streets of Broken Lanterns,” became an Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, and singer Dmitry Malikov became a People’s Artist; in June, the title of Honored Artist was awarded to actress Lydia Velezheva, and People’s to film director Vladimir Khotinenko. As it turns out, now it is a rare pop performer or popular actor who does not have the honorary title of a well-deserved and national one - if not Russia, then at least Chechnya. Why the titles remaining from the times of the USSR are still so significant and how they can be obtained, the correspondent of “Our Version” tried to find out.

In the Soviet Union there was a whole system of distributing titles. There was a strict hierarchy of titles for cultural figures: from “zasrakov” (Honored Cultural Workers) to People’s Artists of the USSR. Each level had its own benefits and privileges. According to this table of ranks, not only apartments, cars and bonuses were distributed, but also places in line to see a doctor or for scarce goods. For example, at the Moscow Art Theater on tour, the People's Artist of the USSR was entitled to a sleeping car and a suite in a hotel, the honored one was given a compartment and a single room, and the rest were accommodated in twos or threes. People, in general, were valued most highly. They were officially entitled to additional meters of living space, a state dacha, services in clinics and sanatoriums, as they now say, VIP class, as well as a black Volga to and from the performance. People's Muscovites were lucky twice - during life and after death. They had the right to be buried on Novodevichy or Vagankovskoe cemetery capital Cities. And the path to becoming a People's Artist of the USSR was not easy: first you had to become honored in an autonomous and union republic, then people's artist at the autonomous or republican level.

Yuri Yulianovich Shevchuk (by the way, a People's Artist of the Republic of Bashkortostan) was seriously offended in 2005 when he learned that his friends were collecting documents for a petition to award the rocker the title of Honored Artist of Russia

These amounts cannot be compared with what pop stars earn on tour and what popular film and television actors earn for filming. Nevertheless, interest in the titles on the part of our stars does not wane. Many of them dream of receiving the coveted badge, as it is still prestigious. And if in Soviet years You could count on recognition from the authorities only at a fairly advanced age, but in the present time youth is not a hindrance to the title. Nikolai Tsiskaridze was only 27 years old when he received the opportunity to sign as a people's signature of the Russian Federation, Anastasia Volochkova was only 26 when she received her well-deserved one, despite all the scandals associated with her name. Evgeny Mironov and Dmitry Pevtsov became popular at 38, circus trainer Mstislav Zapashny even earlier - at 36.

The youngest People's Artist of the USSR was 30-year-old Muslim Magomayev. And this was a unique exception that only confirmed the rule: truly outstanding creators achieved the highest state recognition. “It seems to me that it is impossible to take seriously what is happening now,” says actor and People’s Artist of the USSR Vladimir Zeldin. – Titles are awarded not for achievements, but for some momentary glory. Today the “Star Factory” is considered popular. And in my opinion, this is a piece goods. And when the girl luxurious hair, good figure and pretty face, beautiful eyes becomes popular - this is wrong.

Previously, the actors did not have a very good financial situation; they paid small salaries. But this was compensated by the titles - Honored, People's. With the help of the title it was possible to solve various social and everyday problems: to get, say, an apartment. This is not the case abroad, but in our country there are certain traditions. I am very proud of my titles. I received them at Soviet time– I myself am a product of that time – and I value them very much. There was a lot of positive things about theater and film actors back then. Of course, there were hard times, and not everything was smooth. But, I repeat, holding the title of People’s Artist of the USSR is very honorable for me.”

IN last years We hold the stage in high esteem. In 2004, along with actress Chulpan Khamatova, the title of Honored Artist of Russia was received by composer Arkady Ukupnik. A little later - pop singer Alena Sviridova. And in Soviet times, titles rarely went to representatives of the “light genre”. The pioneer was Leonid Utesov: he was awarded the People's Artist of the USSR in 1965 “based on age” - on his 70th birthday. He was followed by Arkady Raikin (1968), Klavdiya Shulzhenko (1971) and Yuri Bogatikov (1985). Even Joseph Kobzon became popular only in 1987. Recognition was given mainly to theater and film actors, directors, opera and ballet dancers. And not all of them, even among the most famous and popular. Vladimir Vysotsky died as a simple artist of the Taganka Theater, just like Oleg Dal. Andrei Mironov became an Honored Artist of the RSFSR at 33, when he had a dozen roles in cult comedies behind him, and a People's Artist of the RSFSR six years later, having played 18 years at the super-popular Satire Theater. Before people's USSR he didn't make it. Vyacheslav Tikhonov was made popular only two years after Stirlitz.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, many artists manage to receive titles in several countries at once, such as Alexander Malinin - he is popular in both Russia and Ukraine. Nikolai Baskov became popular in Russia, Ukraine and Chechnya. The audience simply does not know many of the newly-minted laureates, and of those they know, half are not considered serious artists. Not everyone understands what highly artistic images were created, for example, by Anastasia Melnikova, Anna Kovalchuk or Anastasia Zavorotnyuk.

“Today these titles are completely meaningless. Just look at our television, where some voiceless boys and girls are jumping around desperately. This is complete profanation, says the singer and head of the Center opera singing Galina Vishnevskaya. – An artist should not have a title, but a name that speaks for itself. In general, I believe that these titles are now formal and unnecessary. In Soviet times, since they existed, they had to be received. Then it was like this: if you don’t have a title, it means you’re worth nothing. Accordingly, the attitude towards you, especially in the eyes of officials, who care little about your talents, but only care about titles and awards. Well, it gave some benefits back then. For example, they immediately called me and informed me that they were assigning me to the Kremlin clinic. And that was really important."

Some of the artists do not even want to go to the honored ones for some time - as they should be, but want to go straight to the folk ones. Thus, the permanent leader of “DDT”, having made sure that, according to the people’s regulations, they can appropriate only three years after the deserved one, Shevchuk stated the following: “Then I refuse. I’m sure that if the people at the top want it, they will give it to the people without any conditions.”

Indeed, not everywhere in Russia the path from honored to national is so long. In Chechnya, sometimes seconds count. In 2005 at anniversary party children's choreographic ensemble of Chechnya "Ziya" Diana Gurtskaya sang her new song"Wounded Bird" and the only one domestic stars said hello to Chechen language. Unexpectedly, then-President Alu Alkhanov appeared on stage and announced: after a conversation that had just taken place with the assistant to the President of Russia Aslambek Aslakhanov, a unanimous decision was made to award Diana the title of Honored Artist Chechen Republic, which quickly transformed into a folk one. And Nikolai Baskov generally remained in the status of Honored Artist of the Chechen Republic for only a few seconds. When in Gudermes festive concert In honor of the awarding of the title of Hero of Russia to Ramzan Kadyrov, the Minister of Culture announced the new status to Nicholas, the hero of the occasion immediately corrected: the Basque is not deserved, but the people.

“They were truly folk artists. The same Yankovsky, for example,” said director Alexey German Jr. – I believe that this concept (not title!) has definitely been discredited. In principle, the problem cannot be solved by awarding titles, but the fact that the importance of cultural figures is assessed in terms of the frequency of their appearance on television is, of course, alarming. Therefore, it seems to me that artists should be celebrated somehow, but not with orders or badges. There must be some other recognition. After all, if you look at it, today people's artists are those who appear in Full House, and this is dangerous, because the entire culture is discredited. There is no one to look up to, and we are paying less and less attention to what is really worth paying attention to.”

If pop singers Although they receive titles quite easily, there is still paperwork in theaters. Although, unlike the Soviet Union, there are no quantitative restrictions. They say that in order to overcome bureaucracy, you need to find the right moment. For example, titles are well distributed during the anniversary year of the theater and on various holidays.

"We need support here. labor collective, who should nominate a candidate, said the Deputy Chairman of the Union theatrical figures RF Gennady Smirnov. – Then the secretariat of the Union of Theater Workers formalizes support. This support, along with documents from the workforce, goes to the Ministry of Culture, where the issue is considered by the board. And only after this the documents are sent to the awards department in the presidential administration. All this can take from several months to several years. Alexander Kalyagin tried many times through the Ministry of Culture and the government to return benefits and an increase in pension for the honorary title, but, unfortunately, he never achieved any results. The answer is always the same: “If we now include artists, then after them will come honored agronomists, teachers, builders, and everyone will need to increase their salaries. In the meantime, the state doesn’t have the money for this.” But we have calculated that all artists who have left work and live today only on pensions should be given a monthly additional allowance; not so much money is needed.”

On TV we often hear “Honored Artist of Russia”, “People’s Artist of Russia”. What do these titles mean? What privileges and benefits are granted to holders of these titles? How is the work of honored and popular people assessed? Let's figure it out.

Title “Honored Artist”: nuances of the award

The title of Honored is awarded for special achievements in such forms of art as circus, theater, cinema, ballet, music, etc. The recipient of the award can be either a performer (for example, an actor or a singer) or hold some responsible position (for example, a director or playwright). To receive the reward you must:

• make a personal contribution to the development of Russian culture and art;
• participate in the creation of works that were highly appreciated by both the public and critics and experts.
• take an active part in significant cultural events- concerts, performances;
• promote the spread of Russian culture outside the country;
• participate in projects that worthily represent Russia at international festivals;
• to be recognized and loved by the people as a cultural figure.

Honored titles are given to representatives creative professions, which have state-level awards in the industry field. Previously, awards were awarded only after twenty years of successful creative activity. The only exceptions were ballet dancers. They received titles after ten years of work on stage. Now these deadlines are not being met.

Why is the title "People's" given?

The title “People’s” is an order of magnitude higher than the title “Honored”. It is also awarded for special merits in the field of national culture and art. Awarded only after the stage master has worked for at least ten years after receiving the well-deserved title.

Both titles are state titles and are awarded on the basis of a corresponding decree of the President of the country.

The procedure for awarding this state award regulated by Presidential Decree No. 1099 of September 7, 2010.

How to receive a reward?

A star needs to have connections to receive an award. Any organization applies for the award of the title: a trade union, a theater, a film studio. Then the applicants are reviewed by a commission specially designed for these purposes under the Russian Ministry of Culture. Today the committee consists of thirty-four people. The commission includes many famous cultural figures, such as Nikita Mikhalkov or Zurab Tsereteli.

Each candidate for a high rank is considered separately. Materials that can give an idea of ​​the artist’s talent are studied:

• excerpts from films;
• videos;
• recordings of concerts or performances;
• text materials.

The Council meets once a year. About one hundred candidates can be considered at one meeting. The decision is made by voting, the vast majority are refusals. The commission recommends approximately ten people for approval. The final decision rests with employees of the Ministry of Culture.

The selection criteria are not always clear. The council rarely reports why a particular artist was rejected. Sometimes the reasons become known and they are sometimes absurd. For example, one famous actor was denied a title only because he had an unpaid traffic fine.

Who didn't get the title?

Many prominent and truly talented people have not been awarded the title for decades. For example, Mikhail Zhvanetsky, famous throughout the country, was awarded the national title only at the age of eighty. Some famous and revered stars by Russians never receive state-level awards. Vladimir Vysotsky did not wait for the national title, and received the “deserved” one only after his death.

Nowadays, many popular actors, singers and other celebrities do not have any honorary awards. These include Ivan Okhlobystin (star of the series “Interns”) or Alexander Baluev (“Peacemaker,” “Hero,” “Turkish Gambit”). Some celebrities themselves turn down awards. For example, they wanted to award Leonid Yarmolnik the title of people's title, bypassing the title he deserved. Famous actor refused theater and cinema.

How does the award ceremony take place?

Titles are awarded in the very heart of Moscow - the Kremlin, in the Dome Hall. The ceremony is scheduled before the professional holiday of cultural workers (March twenty-fifth). Before the award, the artists receive a call from the presidential administration and are informed of the need to come to set time. You must appear at formal wear: black suit and tie. The artists get to the award site on their own.

What benefits are granted to “People's Artists”?

During times Soviet Union At first, the artist received the title of Honored, and after at least ten years he was awarded the title of People's. Holders of these titles had special privileges: they were paid a double pension, and were transported to and from the performance in the then elite black Volga. They were given additional meters of living space, served in elite medical institutions, and placed in luxury hotel rooms. Now there is none of this anymore.

Today, having the titles “Honored” and “People’s” is simply an honor. The title changes practically nothing in the artist’s life; celebrities do not receive any special benefits.

Video - People's Artists of the USSR who did not receive the title "People's"

How are stars' salaries calculated?

Russian legislation does not indicate how much representatives of creative professions who have the title “People’s” or “Honored” should receive. Celebrities receive such earnings as specified in their contract with the theater, film studio or television channel. There are no uniform tariffs for all. The income of stage masters depends on many nuances - on the place of work, the number of performances held, etc. The existing title may also be taken into account in the accruals, but this remains at the discretion of the employer. For example, titled artists living in the capital are entitled to incentive bonuses to their basic salary. According to the order of the Moscow Department of Culture No. 963 dated November 26, 2014, additional payments are:

• 15% of the salary for the title “Honored Artist”;
• 20% of the salary for the title “People’s Artist”.

Famous artists' pensions

All pensioners in Russia have almost the same pension. According to the newspaper " TVNZ“, even artists who had enormous popularity, albums sold millions of copies, and films beloved by the people, receive ridiculous amounts of money.

For example, when Diva Russian stage She retired in 2004 and was given only two thousand rubles. Now, thanks to indexation, this figure has increased to 10,000 rubles. Joseph Kobzon receives even less - about four thousand rubles. Such a low pension is due to the fact that he is a deputy and he receives wages. When he leaves his post, Kobzon's pension will increase.

Valery Leontyev receives a “high” pension compared to others - about eight thousand rubles. This is due to the fact that the celebrity is listed as a ballet dancer. They always get more.

Many famous artists live off the money they made at the peak of their popularity. Some successful representatives of creative professions do not even spend their penny pension, but transfer money to charity. For example, Lev Leshchenko and Vladimir Vinokurov provide financial support orphanage. The rest of the artists are forced to work even after reaching retirement age.

Table. Pension amounts famous artists(according to the cultural figures themselves and their loved ones).

Many celebrities live in poverty. According to producer Isaakov, some artists’ pride does not allow them to report their poor financial situation. Artists simply cannot survive on a meager pension, so many continue to work. Stanislav Sadalsky works as a presenter. 11 thousand to retire decent life in Moscow is unrealistic. Churikova, Basilashvili, and Kostolevsky continue to play in theater and cinema. Edita Piekha still takes part in various concerts.

Some artists, due to life circumstances or medical reasons, cannot work. Such celebrities include Alexander Pankratov-Cherny.

Famous artists receive meager pensions. Some worked for 30-40 years, the whole country knew and loved them. Many people believe that the people who have made such significant contributions to Russian culture, should receive a much higher pension or have personal benefits. For example, Alla Pugacheva at one time brought huge income. She filled the halls, her albums sold millions of copies. On the other hand, you don’t have to worry about Alla Borisovna’s financial situation. Her fortune is about 100 million rubles.

There is also an opinion that artists have a small but fair pension. Now all pensioners receive approximately the same amount. And popularity should not affect the income of a pensioner. After all, the glory and love of the people is a gift in itself.