The authorities decided to inflict another scar on the body of Moscow - to build the North-Eastern Expressway. For now, only the layout plan for the future route is ready, let’s see how the next billions of rubles will be spent.
01. General view of the site: 
02. Regarding the entire area: 
03. Well, now in more detail, prepare your imagination, let’s go from Yaroslavka, because for some reason the route through the national park (!!!) was not included in the project: 
04. Past the Botanical Garden: 
05. Vladykino: 
06. Separation (or vice versa, convergence - depending on how you look at it) temporary storage and storage storage: 
07. Sections of several places: 
08. TPU in the direction of travel: 
09. Features: 
Surprisingly, not even a single under/overground passage sounds somehow implausible.
10. And now the socio-economic justification. Although where this means socially is not clear, I see only economic calculations, no social effect, no transport effect in the future: 
11. Although I’m lying, there are transport calculations, it has already been calculated where traffic jams will be in the future: 
What can I say... for some reason I wanted to drink out of grief. But if in the case of the North-Western Expressway, which ran along ordinary streets, and from which they decided to make a semblance of a highway, despite the inhabitants, where I still wanted to send everyone responsible to North Korea, then just have a drink. Unlike the SZH, this chord mostly runs along and along the industrial zone: 
Apparently because of this, there will be no off-street crossings, and public transport on the expressway is also not provided.
BUT in fact, this road distributes all traffic from the M11, only if the M11 is a toll road, this one will be free, that is, it will actively stimulate car use, and will also distribute a huge flow of cars throughout the city, for example, if previously a resident of Khimki or another Moscow region Tver, if we would have gone to the city by train or public transport, now we will go by car. Also, monstrous interchanges obviously will not beautify the city and will not relieve congestion on the exit streets. Although, there is a tiny chance that after the introduction of this chord, it will finally be possible to close the north-eastern section of the Third Ring, turning it into a normal street.
In any case, instead of investing money in socially useful projects (and at least for connecting road networks between districts), this money will be spent on roads and traffic jams. But the Gray Cardinal is happy - the builders will be able to use the budget for another couple of years.
PS On Thursday, August 20, hearings on this project will be held in Ostankino, Rostokino and 3 other districts, I suggest residents take care of this now.
You can view the presentations
The capital authorities intend to complete the construction of the section of the North-Eastern Expressway, which will connect Entuziastov Highway and Izmailovskoye Highway, a year ahead of schedule - by the end of the first half of 2016. This was the statement made by Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin after visiting the construction site. The 4 km long overpass will consist of eight lanes - four in each direction, and traffic along it will be carried out in a traffic lightless mode.
The North-Eastern Expressway itself should connect the M11 Moscow - St. Petersburg highways under construction within the Moscow Ring Road and up to the new interchange on the Moscow Ring Road at the intersection with the Veshnyaki - Lyubertsy highway.
Thus, the new road will connect major highways in the north-east of the city: Dmitrovskoye, Altufevskoye, Yaroslavskoye, Shchelkovskoye, Entuziastov highway and Otkrytoe highway. According to the project, the length of the chord will be about 25 km. According to officials, the highway, which is not planned to be made toll, should reduce the traffic load on the Moscow Ring Road, the Third Transport Ring, outbound highways, as well as on the center of Moscow.
The capital's mayor noted that the construction of the section from Entuziastov Highway to Izmailovskoye Highway is comparable in complexity of work and cost to the notorious Alabyano-Baltic Tunnel.
“At one time this was intended for the fourth transport ring, but the project would have been technically impossible. And this huge volume of construction would simply be wasted. Therefore, today we are trying to integrate it into the North-Eastern Expressway. By the end of the year, we must leave Entuziastov Highway with these overpasses and so on, give full speed to the avenue,” Sobyanin said about the prospects. —
Construction of the site is ahead of schedule. Although we have a contract period of 2017, we still need to try to finish it in 2016.”
The mayor's office believes that with the advent of this overpass, transport accessibility to the Sokolinaya Gora, Izmailovo and Preobrazhenskoye districts, located in the east of the city, will improve. “As a result, we will have completed three sections of the North-East Expressway, and then the task will be to connect these sections with each other, giving a complete new city highway,” the mayor added.
Let us recall that construction of the first section of the North-East Expressway began in 2008. As of today, traffic is open on the section Businovskaya interchange - Festivalnaya Street, at the Kosinskaya interchange and the intersection of the chord with Entuziastov Highway before turning onto 2nd Street of Izmailovsky Menagerie.
It is worth noting that the construction of the chord caused discontent among residents of the areas through which it passes.
Among the main claims to officials - the location of the route in close proximity to residential buildings (50-60 m), the massive demolition of garages (about 2 thousand boxes), the cutting down of part of the territory (according to the land survey plan, about 10 hectares) of the historical estate of the Sheremetev family “Kuskovo”, and There is also a risk of failure of the largest sewer in Moscow, through which approximately 40% of all wastewater in the city passes.
Experts say that soil vibrations from traffic flow can damage the collector, which will result in an environmental disaster for the city.
“We are in no way against the construction of the chord. The area is choked by congestion, it requires good transport infrastructure, but during construction it is necessary to take into account the interests of the residents under whose windows the highway will pass,” say the townspeople who signed the petition against the road construction project.
Expert opinions on the North-East Expressway
“Any construction brings inconvenience to local citizens and causes dissatisfaction among residents, be it the construction of a large highway or the replacement of pipes in the courtyard of a residential building,” Alexey Tuzov, first vice-president of the AvtoSpetsTsentr Group of Companies, told Gazeta.Ru. “In this case, I believe that temporary inconveniences, such as cutting down trees or demolishing garages, are justified. In addition, after completion of construction work, it is planned to carry out landscaping of the areas adjacent to the chord, including planting lawns, trees and shrubs and creating additional parking spaces.”
The head of the research and design department of transport and roads, Mikhail Chrestmain, believes that it is correct that one of the first operating sections of the future highway will be the overpass between Izmailovskoye Highway and Entuziastov Highway. “This is the most problematic place in the eastern sector of the city - there are practically no cross-connections between highways and districts,” Crestmain told Gazeta.Ru.
The interlocutor noted that since there are many large parks in the east of Moscow, all residents of the city are interested in this section of the chord.
“Of course, the city needs expressways, even if they cause traffic jams,” says Crestmain. — So we can say that the Third Transport Ring was not worth building. But imagine what it would be like in Moscow now if all the cars from the Third Ring were taken down. In recent years, we have been mainly involved in the reconstruction of highways - for example, Kashirskoye and Varshavskoye highways. Now, large-scale construction of new roads has finally begun, which have enormous efficiency indicators, since they provide cross connections and are laid bypassing the city center.”
Oleg Skvortsov, president of the association of road research organizations RODOS, also supports the idea of creating chord systems in Moscow. “We see that the ring roads that were built under Luzhkov do not solve transport problems,” Skvortsov told Gazeta.Ru. —
The chord, unlike the ring, has exits outside the city. In addition, if several chords are laid, they can end up forming the same ring. Another advantage is that a relatively straight road is shorter than a curve, which means it’s cheaper to build.”
North-Western Expressway
No less controversy and disagreement arises construction in Moscow and another chord - North-Western. One of its sections, the Alabyano-Baltic Tunnel, caused criticism from experts and discontent from local residents.
For the construction of the tunnel, about 800 trees and almost 1.5 thousand bushes were cut down on Narodnogo Opolcheniya Street alone. The volume of compensatory landscaping turned out to be several times less. At the same time, the area hasn’t really gone anywhere yet.
“In 2014, compared to 2010 and 2011, there was a significant deterioration in the average speed of traffic,” says the Traffic Jam report. — This deterioration following the opening of the Alabyano-Baltic Tunnel in the direction from Alabyana Street to Bolshaya Akademicheskaya Street can be explained by the redistribution of transport demand from bypass highways to the section of the North-Western Expressway, noting the presence of a gross design error, consisting in the inadequately low capacity of the highway under construction. As a result of a mistake by the designers, from the moment it was put into operation, the new highway was overloaded with chronic congestion.”
In June of this year, a scandal broke out again around the construction of a section of the highway in the Shchukino district, related to the authorities’ decision to close the through passage on the section of Narodnogo Opolcheniya Street from the intersection with Marshal Vershinin Street to the intersection with Marshal Tukhachevsky Street. Under People's Militia Street there will be a so-called Winchester tunnel, where oncoming traffic flows will not move in parallel, but above each other.
In the first days after the closure, many kilometers of traffic jams formed in the area. Only residents of 13 houses located directly on Narodnogo Opolcheniya Street in the blocking zone were given passes and allowed to move through this area. All other motorists are forced to make a detour, driving around the construction site. According to Moscow officials, this measure will reduce the construction time of the tunnel by one year.
Let us remember that the authorities first thought about the construction of the North-Western Expressway back in 1971. However, the highway project was postponed, and officials returned to this idea only in 2011.
Construction of the route is planned to be completed in 2017. The length of the entire chord will be approximately 29 km - it will stretch from Skolkovskoye to Yaroslavskoye highway. According to the project, two bridges, seven tunnels, 16 overpasses and 47 pedestrian crossings will be built along the entire road.
In addition to the two mentioned expressways in Moscow, it is also planned to build the Southern Road, which will run from Rublevskoye Shosse to Borisovskie Prudy Street.
All these highways have become an alternative to the fourth transport ring, the construction of which was abandoned by city officials in December 2010 due to the prohibitive cost of the project - about 1 trillion rubles.
Road construction in the Russian capital does not stop for a day. And, despite the fact that sometimes it seems that all reserves for improving the transport situation are close to exhaustion, city authorities, designers and builders manage to find new solutions to make life easier for motorists and public transport passengers. The commissioning of a system of chord roads and roads will further relieve congestion in the city center and main ring roads.
Initially, Moscow found itself hostage to the radial-ring transport system. And at a time when motorization was proceeding at a relatively low pace, this state of affairs suited everyone. However, the capital was not ready for a sharp increase in the city’s population and the number of cars at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. Analysts of the construction company Monarch and B, part of the Monarch Group of Companies, came to this conclusion.
The actions taken by the city authorities at that time did not keep up with the pace of its development - new and reconstructed streets instantly turned into places where traffic accumulated.
It became clear that building more and more new rings is a solution that does not have a serious effect and improves the road situation only for a short period of time. But it was obviously impossible to abandon the existing radial-ring system. Under these conditions, the city authorities, together with the best engineering and design minds, had to figure out how to make sure that the city did not end up in gigantic traffic jams in the near future.
The main idea was the redistribution of flows. In order to get from one residential area to another, located at the opposite end of the city, there were two travel options: through the Moscow Ring Road and through the center. Alternative routes were either inconvenient or too time consuming. New route options were needed. This is how the project for constructing a system of chords and rockades came into being.
NORTHEASTERN CHORD
This highway will pass the North-Eastern Expressway, 35 kilometers long, running from the new M11 Moscow - St. Petersburg highway to the Kosinskaya overpass - an interchange at the intersection of the Moscow Ring Road with the Veshnyaki - Lyubertsy highway. The chord will connect the Moscow Ring Road, Entuziastov Highway, Izmailovskoye, Shchelkovskoye, Otkrytoye, Yaroslavskoye, Altufevskoye and Dmitrovskoye Highways. It will reduce the traffic load on the center, the Third Ring Road, the Moscow Ring Road and outbound highways.
The other day, Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin opened traffic on the overpasses at the interchange of the North-Eastern Expressway with Entuziastov Highway and Budyonny Avenue. In August, an overpass was opened at the intersection of the new highway and Shchelkovskoye Highway. The main work on the construction of the North-Eastern Expressway is planned to be completed in 2019, said the head of the city’s construction complex, Marat Khusnullin.
In addition to the section from Entuziastov Highway to Izmailovskoye Highway, two more have already been built - from the Businovskaya interchange to Festivalnaya Street and from Izmailovskoye to Shchelkovskoye Highway. Currently, work is being carried out in sections from Entuziastov Highway to the Moscow Ring Road and from Festivalnaya Street to Dmitrovskoye Shosse.
NORTHWESTERN CHORD
The purpose of this city highway is to provide a diagonal connection between the northeastern and southwestern districts of the capital, bypassing the city center, to relieve congestion on the Third Transport Ring, MKAD, Garden Ring, Leningradskoye, Volokolamskoye Highways and other highways. The new route will run from Skolkovskoye to Yaroslavskoye highway.
The reconstructed Bolshaya Akademicheskaya Street together with the Alabyano-Baltiysky Tunnel formed the main part of the highway, which in the area of Dmitrovskoye Highway adjoined the North-Eastern Expressway and through the Businovskaya interchange gained access to a new highway in the direction of Sheremetyevo Airport.
Thanks to the Mikhalkovsky Tunnel, it became possible to remove traffic light objects. Traffic has already been launched along the overpass at the intersection of Skolkovskoye Highway with Vyazemskaya and Vitebskaya streets, along the turnaround overpass with Ryabinova and the bridge over the Setun River.
It is planned to complete all construction work on the North-Western Expressway and launch the entire highway in 2018.
SOUTH ROKADA
The road will connect the Moscow Ring Road through Rublevskoye Shosse, Balaklavsky Prospekt, Varshavskoye Shosse, Kantemirovskaya Street, Kashirskoye Shosse and Borisovskie Prudy Street. Rokada will serve as a backup for the Moscow Ring Road and the southern section of the Third Ring Road. Its task is to redistribute traffic flows and relieve congestion on the Kashirskoye and Varshavskoye highways, as well as Proletarsky Avenue. The new highway will include existing roads, which will be reconstructed and expanded.
According to the plans of the city authorities, the Southern Road will run from Balaklavsky Prospekt through a tunnel under Varshavskoye Shosse, then through an overpass it will cross the railway tracks, cross the Chertanovka River over the bridge and connect with Kantemirovskaya Street in the area of Proletarsky Prospekt. Then, through the tunnel, drivers will be able to get to Borisovskie Prudy Street in the direction of Maryino. Then the road will go along Verkhnie Polya Street, from where the transport will head towards the Moscow Ring Road through Kapotnya.
To date, the section from Rublevskoye Highway to Balaklavsky Prospekt has already been put into operation. Overpasses and pedestrian crossings were built here. The capital's authorities plan to build an interchange at the intersection of Warsaw Highway and Balaklava Avenue. A tunnel, overpass, turning ramps and side passages will appear at this location. In addition, an overpass will be built under the Paveletsky direction, a bridge over the Chertanovka River and an underground pedestrian crossing. And the section from the intersection with Proletarsky Prospekt to the Moscow Ring Road will be formed using existing streets.
Total length of chord roads will be about 243 kilometers. Over a hundred transport structures - tunnels, overpasses, bridges and overpasses - will be built on them. The launch of traffic on new high-speed routes will make it possible to create virtually a new ring, but with exits to the Moscow Ring Road, which will relieve congestion on the last and Third transport rings. The plans are to connect the North-Western and North-East Expressways in the area of Festivalnaya Street with access to the road to the Businovskaya interchange and then to the Moscow-St. Petersburg toll highway. The Southern Road will intersect with the North-Western Expressway in the Krylatskoye area.
It is planned to open traffic on two sections of the North-East Expressway by early autumn. Over the next month, the initial section from the Businovskaya interchange to the Dmitrovskoye Shosse will be completed, and by the beginning of autumn it is planned to launch traffic along the final section of the route - from the Entuziastov Highway to the Moscow Ring Road.
Read about the stage of readiness of sections of the North-Eastern Expressway and when they are expected to open in the material of the Moscow 24 portal.
From Businovskaya interchange to Dmitrovskoe highway
Now the road between Dmitrovskoe Highway, Festivalnaya Street and Businovskaya Interchange is almost ready, builders are finishing the construction of a two-hundred-meter section in the area of the Khovrinskaya pumping station.
“The Khovrinskaya pumping station, which supplied more than three and a half thousand consumers, fell into the construction zone. We built a new station, but we were able to disconnect all systems from the previous one only on May 15 of this year, and we quickly began to build a two-hundred-meter section. We expect that we will finish in September. We will strive to open traffic for City Day,” First Deputy Head of the Construction Department Pyotr Aksenov told the Moscow 24 portal.
What is ready on the section from Dmitrovskoye Highway to Festivalnaya Street?
More than 11 kilometers of four-lane main road, seven overpasses, two of which are one and a half kilometers long, and ramps ranging from 300 to 500 meters in length were built on the site. A new overpass across the Oktyabrskaya Railway and a bridge over the Likhoborka River were built.
“At the same time, the construction of the overpass across the railway proceeded without stopping the movement of trains,” noted the first deputy head of the Department of Construction.
We also took care of protection from highway noise. “We have replaced six thousand window blocks, and we will also build about two kilometers of noise barriers,” Aksenov promised. According to him, trees will be planted along the road.
In October, a reversal overpass will be built on Bolshaya Akademicheskaya Street, connecting the North-East Expressway with the North-West. “The overpass on Bolshaya Akademicheskaya Street is the first part of the connection of the two expressways. It makes it possible to turn around on Bolshaya Akademicheskaya Street and enter the North-Eastern Expressway without entering Dmitrovskoe Highway,” Aksenov noted.
From the Entuziastov highway to the interchange with the Moscow Ring Road "Veshnyaki - Lyubertsy"
In September, it is planned to open traffic on another section of the North-Eastern Expressway: from Entuziastov Highway to the Veshnyaki-Lyubertsy interchange on the Moscow Ring Road. Here the stumbling block was the old traction substation of the Gorky direction of the Moscow Railway. According to Pyotr Aksenov, the capital’s government has agreed with the Moscow Railway on the demolition of the substation and the construction of a new one.
“We turned off the traction substation and switched it to a new one, after which we began to complete the road. Full traffic from the Entuziastov highway to the interchange with the MKAD “Veshnyaki - Lyubertsy” will open in early autumn,” he promised.
From Otkrytoye to Shchelkovskoe highway
By the end of the year, the capital’s authorities plan to open traffic from Otkrytoye to Shchelkovskoye highway. Overpasses of the main passage and side passages were built here. And also a tunnel under the Shchelkovskoye Highway, which is going to open in the coming months. According to Pyotr Aksenov, the construction of roads more than eight kilometers long with the relocation of utilities is in full swing.
“On the section of the first section, traffic is planned to be opened within the next month. The main work of the first stage of construction has been completed. It includes the laying of about 5.5 kilometers of roads, including the construction of three overpasses about 3.4 kilometers long,” said a government official.
He also noted that thanks to the commissioning of a new section, traffic flows between Shchelkovskoye and Otkrytoye highways will be redistributed. This will reduce the traffic load on Bolshaya Cherkizovskaya, Stromynka, Krasnobogatyrskaya streets and Rusakovskaya embankment. In addition, transport accessibility of the Golyanovo and Metrogorodok districts will increase.
From Dmitrovskoe highway to Yaroslavskoe highway
Next year, construction of the section of the North-Eastern Expressway from Dmitrovskoye to Yaroslavskoye Highway may begin.
“The planning project has passed public hearings, has finally received approval from the Moscow government, design is now underway. The site is very complex, there is a cluster of large industrial enterprises and a huge number of utility networks. We are doing everything possible so that construction begins next year,” said the first deputy head Depstroya.
He emphasized that the design of the site and the liberation of the territory will be carried out at the expense of budget money. “We are already starting to work: demolishing garages and interacting with industrial enterprises that fall into the construction zone,” Aksenov noted.
At the same time, there is a proposal from investors to build a road from Dmitrovskoye to Yaroslavskoye highway on a concession basis, but a final decision on this issue has not yet been made, he explained.
From Otkrytoye to Yaroslavskoe highway
The only section of the North-Eastern Expressway on which no work is currently underway is from Otkrytoye to Yaroslavskoye Highway.
“The problem is that, presumably, the road should pass through the Losiny Ostrov national park, while there is no final decision on the routing of the section. The Moskomarkhitektura is working on the study, when the department completes the work, then we will start talking about the construction of the section,” summed up Pyotr Aksenov .
These strange words in the title are the names of grandiose road construction projects in Moscow. One way or another, you have heard them - North-East Chord, North-Western Chord and South Rokada. - just an exit from the Shchelkovskoe highway to the temporary storage warehouse towards the Entuziastov highway. Now let's look at these construction sites from the air. The first part on temporary storage was published by me in May -.
In Moscow in 2016, 104 km of roads were built, which is a record construction.
In total, over the past 6 years (from 2011 to 2016), 544 km of roads were built and put into operation (about 12.5% of the entire existing road network of the city), including:
- 162 artificial structures (overpasses, tunnels and bridges) and 160 off-street pedestrian crossings were built;
- 8 outbound highways (126 km) were reconstructed, full-fledged backup routes were created, as well as dedicated lanes for public transport with a total length of 150 km (this is 60% of the entire length of the existing dedicated lanes in the city - 250 km), 350 drive-in pockets were created;
- 13 largest and most complex transport interchanges were built and reconstructed at the intersection of highways with the Moscow Ring Road.
In 2017-2019 it is planned to ensure the commissioning of roads with a length of 353 km; build 61 artificial structures and 36 pedestrian crossings.
All aerial surveys were completed sturman from urbanoid.pro. On his YouTube channel you can find a lot of interesting videos.
1. The diagram shows the mileage only by chord: how much has already been done, what is in the works, and what is still being designed. 
2. Let's start with the South Rokada, where at the intersection with the Varshavskoe highway the first stage of construction is in full swing - the construction of an overpass for the Varshavskoe highway. 
3. Site diagram. 
.::clickable::.
4. The second stage, as far as I understand, will be the construction of a tunnel for the South Rokada. At least there is such a scheme and rendering. 
5. We managed to fly, right before the squall. 
6. The construction of the railway tunnel will be completed, as usual, without stopping traffic. 
7. And now the famous T-junction in the air. This is the junction of the Southern understudy of Kutuzovsky Prospekt with Mosfilmovskaya Street. 
8. Monster scheme. 
.::clickable::.
9. Connection of the Southern understudy of Kutuzovsky Prospekt with Mosfilmovskaya Street. 
10. A reserve has been left in the center of the road for the continuation of the southern backup route to the center, along the railway. 
11. The southern understudy will go to the left and the appendix will be connected to it. 
12. But a very unusual look, of course. 
13. And this is the interchange of the Southern understudy of Kutuzovsky Prospekt with the Southern Rokada. It is also drawn in the diagram above. 
14. The most delicious thing is the construction of a new bridge across the Moscow River on the North-Western Expressway section. 
15. Site diagram. 
.::clickable::.
16. It is being built parallel to the existing Krylatsky Bridge. 
17. The span structure of the old bridge is made in the form of a continuous steel beam with a ride on top, the span formula is 51.2 + 90.0 + 51.2 m. The structure is based on two box-shaped beams 2.5 m high, 2.74 m wide, covered with an orthotropic slab. The beams rest on two common V-shaped supports. The total width of the bridge is 25.4 m, including the roadway - 18.0 m (4 lanes). As far as I understand, the new bridge will be a copy of the old one according to the design. 
18. Section of the North-Western Expressway from the bridge to the Northern alternate route of Kutuzovsky Prospekt. 
19. And this is the beginning of work on the construction of a 300-meter cable-stayed bridge across lock No. 9 
20. It will connect Narodnogo Opolcheniya Street with Nizhniye Mnevniki above the gateway along an oblique line, not far from the existing small Karamyshevsky Bridge. At the same time, they plan to create pedestrian zones and an observation deck on the suspension bridge. 
21. View towards the junction of Marshal Zhukov Avenue and Narodnogo Opolcheniya Street. 
22. And already in the evening we stopped at the construction of the North-Eastern Expressway in the Festivalnaya Street area. 
23. Site diagram. Note the gray branch to the east. If you want to familiarize yourself, here is a link to another diagram. 
.::clickable::.
24. Partially commissioned interchange of the temporary storage warehouse with Festivalnaya Street. 
25. Damn beautiful. 
26. View towards the Moscow Ring Road. 
27. If anyone has forgotten, then the diagram is for an already built site. By the way, when we were walking under the overpasses, there was a surveillance camera on each support!!! There are no dead zones at all. Holy shit. 
.::clickable::.
28. View towards the NATI platform, Likhobory MCC, Likhobory depot LDL. 
29. See that in order to save the access railway line, the pitch of the supports had to be changed. 
30. View towards Festivalnaya. 
31. Interchange of the temporary storage warehouse with the section that will go to the east. 
32. Station "Likhobory" MCC. 
33. Likhobory station and temporary storage area under construction. 
34. Interchange at the temporary storage warehouse. On the right you can see the new depot "" of the Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line. 
35. And 3D panoramas. To watch and play them, welcome here: https://urbanoid.pro/pano/17_08_05_roads.html 
36. Grand construction. 
37. Moscow is changing before our eyes 
38. In total, over the past 6 years, 561 km of roads have been built in Moscow. This is approximately 12.5% of the entire existing road network of the city. The reconstruction of 13 transport interchanges at the intersection of major highways with the Moscow Ring Road, and 8 outbound highways was carried out. The length of backup and dedicated public transport lanes was about 150 km. In 2017-2019 it is planned to ensure the commissioning of roads with a length of 353 km; build 61 artificial structures and 36 pedestrian crossings. 
39. Happy upcoming Builder's Day! 
