Technological map of the iso color circle lesson. Fundamentals of color science and coloristics

Lesson #1. Topic: Color wheel. Color relationships. Date ______________

Educational goals and objectives:

Educational: Introducing a new technique of working with watercolors - glazing. Implementation of acquired knowledge in practical application. Formation and development of skills in working with watercolors.

Developmental: Development of students' imagination and artistic taste.

Educational: nurturing the creative taste of students.

Lesson type: learning a new topic

Lesson type: decorative drawing

Methods: story, conversation.

Equipment, visual materials: color wheel table;

illustration with a rainbow, watercolor.

Lesson structure:

Organizing time.

Psychological mood.

Communication of new educational material.

physical minute

Practical work.

Analysis of completed work.

Summing up the lesson.

Homework assignment.

During the classes:

Organizing time

Psychological mood.

I am glad to see your faces, your smiles, and I think that this day will bring you joy and communication with each other. Sit comfortably, close your eyes and repeat after me:

“I'm at school, I'm in class. I'm happy about this. My attention is growing. As a scout, I will notice everything. My memory is strong. The head thinks clearly. I want to learn. I'm ready to go.I am working

Learning new material.

1. Color classification

   Chromatic colors

   Color circle

   Warm colors. Cool colors.

   Absolute, contrasting, close colors.

Guess the riddle: Is the painted rocker hanging over the river? Of course it's a rainbow. And here's another riddle: Someone built a multi-colored gate on the moon, But it's not easy to get through it, Those gates are high.

That master tried, he took paints for the gates, not one, not two, not three - seven, just look. What is the name of this gate? Can I draw it?

What colors does a rainbow consist of (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet)

To remember the order of colors in the rainbow, you need to remember the saying: Every (red) Hunter (orange) Wishes (yellow) Know (green) Where (blue) Sits (blue) Pheasant (purple).

There is a classification of colors: Achromatic colors(from Greek α - negative particle + χρώμα - color, that is, colorless) Black, white and all shades of gray. Chromatic colors(Chroma, chromatos) - translated from Greek “color”.

Chromatic colors, in turn, are divided into primary and composite. Primary colors: yellow, blue, red. They are called basic because they cannot be obtained by mixing paints. Composite colors: orange, green, purple. Can be obtained by mixing two or more paints.

Yellow + red = orange Blue + red = purple Yellow + blue = green

The color wheel consists of six colors, three primary and three composite. (name them)

There are also warm colors. Red, orange, yellow and mixtures thereof. This is the color of the sun, fire, heat. They stick together on the color wheel. And Cold colors. Cold colors are the colors of the moon, twilight, winter, frost. These are blue, cyan, violet and their mixtures.

Exist absolute colors: orange and blue. Contrasting colors - opposite. They highlight and enhance each other's brightness. Red-green, orange-blue, yellow-violet. Similar colors- those that are nearby in the spectrum, and their mixtures and shades

Physical exercise.

Practical work.

Today you will get acquainted with a new technique of working with watercolors called glazing. Glazing is done by applying a transparent layer of paint over a dried paint layer.

Sequence of the exercise:

Fill half the circle with yellow paint. (1, 2, 3 parts)

Let the first layer of paint dry and fill the dry layer with red color (3, 4, 5 parts). In this case, the yellow color in 3 parts should turn into orange.

After the next layer has dried, 5, 6, 1 parts are filled with blue. In this case, 1 part turns out to be green, and 5 parts turn out to be purple.

Analysis of completed work.

In the process of students’ independent work, the teacher makes the necessary additional explanations. Errors are identified and corrected. Students' attention is focused on the need to do the work carefully, choosing the right colors.

Summing up the lesson.

Demonstration and analysis of the most successful works.

Summing up the lesson, grading.

Homework assignment.

Repeat the exercise using a different, previously familiar method – pouring.

First, the primary colors are filled in (1 part - red, 3 parts - yellow, 5 parts - blue).

Composite colors are obtained on a palette by mixing paints (yellow + red = orange, yellow + blue = green, red + blue = purple).

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Slide captions:

C o l o r circle. B a s i c l o v e r . Developed the presentation: art teacher Natalya Vasilievna Klimova Municipal Educational Institution Lyceum No. 15

Not in a dream, but in reality - What’s wrong with this? - I live on a rainbow in a purple house. I run out in the morning in beige boots, I eat scarlet cloudberries in the lilac forest. Dew falls from the leaves In the dark blue thicket, The owl's yellow eyes stare at me. Where nightingales whistle in the nooks and crannies of the forest, streams make their way to pink lakes, a squirrel behind a bush waves its purple tail, whitefish swim under the cherry bridge. I live on a rainbow. Come visit. T. Belozerova

There are several basic concepts in color science: Achromatic colors are not colored, they are white, black and all gray. Chromatic - all the rest, which in turn are divided into basic and composite. Chromatic circle

Classification of colors: PRIMARY COLORS RED YELLOW BLUE + = RED YELLOW ORANGE + = RED BLUE VIOLET + = BLUE YELLOW GREEN How many colors did we get?

Colors of the rainbow: RED - everyone ORANGE - hunter YELLOW - wishes GREEN - know BLUE - sits PURPLE - pheasant

For convenience, our rainbow stripe can be closed in the Color Wheel. On the color wheel, the gradual transition of one color to another is clearly visible. These transitions form shades of primary and composite colors.

Warm and cold colors: Green is a special color: if it contains more yellow, it is warm, if it contains blue, it is cold. Red and blue are absolute colors in terms of coldness and warmth.

On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes

Color wheel with harmonious color scheme overlay

The file was created as an example of using an interactive whiteboard in a Technology lesson. Convenient to use to demonstrate how to select harmonious color schemes....

Color combinations in an ornament using a color wheel

Methodological manual for art lessons and conducting classes at artistic associations....

“The color wheel and color combinations in artistic creativity” Artists use the color wheel to harmoniously combine colors in their works. Of course, this can be done intuitively, with a good sense of color harmonies. But if you skillfully combine in your paintings an intuitively selected color scheme and the right combinations of colors offered in the color wheel, you can achieve incredibly harmonious color combinations. Color Wheel The color wheel is the main tool for combining colors. The first circular color scheme was developed by Isaac Newton in 1666. The color wheel is designed so that combinations of any colors selected from it will look good together. There have been many variations of the basic design made over the years, but the most common version is a circle of 12 colors. Primary colors

The color wheel is built on a foundation of three colors, red, yellow and blue. These are called primary colors. It is these first three colors that will create the remaining colors on the wheel when mixed. Below is an example of a simple color wheel using only primary colors.

Analog triad

Analogue Triad: A combination of 2 to 5 (ideally 2 to 3) colors that are next to each other on the color wheel. An example would be combinations of muted colors: yellow-orange, yellow, yellow-green, green, blue-green.

Contrasting triad (split - additional colors)

The use of split complementary colors gives a high degree of contrast, but is not as saturated as the complementary color. Split complementary colors provide greater harmony than using a direct complementary color.

Lesson structure No. Lesson progress Time 1 Organizational moment 3 min. 2 Statement of the topic and purpose of the lesson 5 min. 3 20 min. 4 Updating the basic knowledge of students Presentation of the material 5 Consolidating new knowledge 120 min. 6 Handing out homework 5 min. 60 min.

Learning objectives: n n n Educational: formation of new concepts and processes. Educational: developing attention, observation and perseverance, accuracy of execution. Developmental: developing skills in selecting harmonious color combinations.

Lesson plan: 1. Color wheel. Kinds. 2. Color harmonies. Their types and methods of construction. 3. Tasks on harmonies.

Definitions Color is a sensation that occurs in the organ of vision when exposed to light, i.e. light + vision = color. Light is electromagnetic wave motion. Visible color wavelengths range from 380 n. m. up to 760 n. m.

Chromotic colors are all spectral colors and many natural colors. Semi-chromatic colors are earthy colors, i.e. colors mixed with achromatic colors.

Warm and cool colors Warm: Red, Red-Orange, Yellow-Orange, Yellow. Green. Cool: Blue (Blue-Green), Blue, Blue-Violet, Violet. Hottest: Red-Orange. Coolest: Blue (Blue-Green). Neutrals (Green and Purple).

Characteristics of color n 1) Color tone. This is the quality of a color that allows it to be compared with one of the spectral or magenta colors (except chromatic) and given a name. n 2) Lightness. This is the degree of difference of a given color from black. n 3) Saturation. This is the degree of difference between a given chromatic color and an achromatic light flux that is uniform in energy saturation. It is also measured by the number of thresholds of difference from color to gray. Replaced by the concept of purity. Purity is the proportion of pure spectral color in the total mixture of a given color or it is the proportion of pure pigment in a paint mixture. Hue + Saturation = Chroma Achromatic colors have no hue and no saturation.

Groups of color circles n physical (based on Newton’s 7-step color circle) n physiological (based on Goethe’s 6-step color circle).

Mikhail Vasilyevich Matyushin (1861 - 1934) - Russian artist, musician, art theorist, one of the leaders of the Russian avant-garde of the first half of the 20th century. During the period of M.V. Matyushin’s work at GINKHUK (State University of Artistic Culture), the Zorved group conducted research in the field of the effect of color on the observer, as a result of which the formative properties of color were discovered - that is, the influence of color shade on the perception of form by the observer. When observed for a long time, cold shades give the shape an “angularity”, the color becomes star-shaped, while warm shades, on the contrary, create a feeling of roundness of the shape, the color becomes rounder.

In 1926, Matyushin attempted to create a “Primer on Color” - a manual on harmonious combinations of shades, which was based on the doctrine of three colors. In 1923, Matyushin’s “school” presented its works at the “Exhibition of Petrograd artists of all directions” under the motto “Zorved” (vision and knowledge). In 1930, another exhibition of works by Matyushin and his “school” was held in Leningrad. These exhibitions demonstrated outstanding achievements that allowed people to develop a more nuanced and holistic vision of the world.

Shugaev's circle The quantitative composition of colors is as follows: 1 – pure yellow (100%); 2 – yellow-orange (83% yellow and 17% red); 3 – yellow-orange (66% yellow and 34% red); 4 – orange (50% yellow and 50% red); 5 – orange-red (34% yellow and 66% red); 6 – orange-red (17% yellow and 83% red); 7 – pure red, etc.

Mixing colors. 1 Subjunctive mixture (or additive). - spatial. This is the combination of differently colored light rays (monitors, theater ramps) in one space. - optical mixing. This is the formation of a total color in the human visual organ, while in space the color components are separated (pointillistic painting). - temporary. This is a special kind of mixing. It can be observed when mixing the colors of disks placed on a special Maxwell “spinner” device. - binocular. This is the effect of multi-colored glasses (one lens is one color, the second is another). - 2) Subtractive mixing (or subtractive).

Color wheel by Johannes Itten. As we can see, it is based on three colors - red, yellow, green. Next come the second order colors - purple, orange and green. The remaining colors are formed by mixing the primary ones.

2. By mixing the primary colors in pairs in equal proportions, we obtain colors of the 2nd order - orange, green, purple. yellow + red = orange, yellow + blue = green, red + blue = purple. It is very important to mix colors carefully, ensuring that the pair contains an equal amount of each pigment: 50% red + 50% yellow, 50% blue + 50% red.

3. The third step is to obtain 3rd order colors. These are colors obtained by mixing a 1st order parent color with an adjacent 2nd order derivative. yellow + orange = yellow-orange, red = orange = red-orange, red + violet = red-violet, blue + violet = blue-violet, blue + green = blue-green, yellow + green = yellow-green. We paint the empty sectors with the resulting colors and get the correct color wheel, in which each color takes its place, and the sequence of colors corresponds to the rainbow!

Classic color combinations: n n n Complementary colors Classic triad Analogue triad Contrasting triad Rectangular scheme Square scheme

Complementary Colors Complementary colors are colors located on opposite sides of the color wheel. Their combination looks very lively and energetic, especially with maximum color saturation. Never use complimentary colors for text compositions.

Classical triad n The classical triad is formed by three colors that are equidistant along the color wheel. This composition looks quite lively even when using pale and desaturated colors. To achieve harmony in a triad, take one color as the main color, and use the other two for accents.

Analogue triad n An analogue color scheme is formed by three adjacent colors in the twelve-part color wheel. Used in soft, comfortable and non-irritating compositions. An analog circuit is most often found in nature, so it looks harmonious and pleasant. When using this scheme, it is probably worth choosing one color as the main color, the second as a supporting color, and the third as an accent color. You should also make sure there is sufficient contrast in the analogue composition.

Contrasting triad n Contrasting triad is a variant of a complementary color combination, only instead of the opposite color, neighboring colors are used. This scheme looks almost as contrasting, but not so intense. If you are not sure that you can use complementary colors correctly, use a contrasting triad.

Rectangular scheme n The rectangular scheme consists of four colors, each two of which are complementary. This scheme gives, perhaps, the largest number of variations of the colors included in it. In order to easily balance a rectangular scheme, one color must be chosen as dominant, the rest as auxiliary.

The modern color wheel looks like this: Oswald's color wheel It is easy to see that on this wheel we can see three primary colors - they look very independent. These are red, blue and green. The modern RGB color model is based on these colors.

Definitions n n Harmony -. comes from the Greek word, which means consonance, agreement, the opposite of chaos and is a philosophical and aesthetic category, meaning a high level of ordered diversity; optimal mutual correspondence of various things in the composition of the whole, meeting the aesthetic criteria of perfection and beauty.

Color harmony is a combination of individual colors or color sets that form an organic whole and evoke an aesthetic experience.

Color harmony in painting is a certain combination of colors, taking into account all their basic characteristics, such as - color tone; - lightness; - saturation; - forms; - the sizes occupied by these colors on a plane, their relative position in space, which leads to color unity and has the most favorable aesthetic effect on a person.

Signs of color harmony: 1) Connection and smoothness. 2) Unity of opposites, or contrast. Types of contrast: n by brightness (dark-light, black-white, etc.) n by saturation (pure and mixed), n by color tone (complementary or contrasting combinations). 3) Measure. 4) Proportionality, or the relationship of parts (objects or phenomena) between themselves and the whole. 5) Balance. . 6) Clarity and ease of perception. 7) Beautiful, the desire for beauty. 8) Sublime, i.e. an ideal combination of colors. 9) Organization, order and rationality.

Types of harmonic combinations according to Shugaev 1) combinations of related colors; n 2) combinations of related and contrasting colors; n 3) combinations of contrasting colors; n 4) combinations of colors that are neutral in relation to kinship and contrast. n

Color groups n n monochromatic harmonious color combinations; harmonious combinations of related colors; harmonious combinations of related and contrasting colors; harmonious combinations of contrasting and complementary colors.

Related-contrasting harmonies Combinations of related-contrasting colors represent the most extensive type of color harmonies. In the color wheel system, relatedly contrasting colors are located in adjacent quarters. These are warm yellow-red and yellow-green colors, cool blue-green and blue-red colors, warm yellow-green and cold blue-green colors, warm yellow-red and cool blue-red colors. There are four groups of related and contrasting colors in total.

Schemes of related-contrasting colors (based on a square and a rectangle) (along a chord) (along a right triangle) (along an equilateral triangle) (along an isosceles triangle)

Combinations of related-contrasting colors are combinations of related colors and contrasting pairs. They are brighter and provide greater opportunities for creativity n Combinations of colors that are located in the color wheel at the ends of vertical and horizontal chords are especially harmonious. This is explained by the fact that there is a double connection between such pairs of related-contrasting colors: they consist of the same amount of the unifying main color and the same amount of contrasting colors.

Harmonic combinations are divided into: n n n two pure related-contrasting colors, which are complemented by the colors of the shadow row of one of the combined colors; two pure related-contrasting colors, complemented by colors from both shadow rows; one pure and the rest from the shadow rows of related and contrasting colors. In this case, it is advisable to surround a pure color with the colors of the shadow row of a given color, and take the rest from the shadow row of a different color and place them at some distance. All related and contrasting colors are either darkened or whitened (harmony takes on a more restrained coloring, since the polar properties of the colors are softened). We emphasize: only three, at least three colors allow us to fully judge the combinations and relationships of colors in an ornamental composition.

Color harmony can be formed by a combination of colors located at the vertices of an equilateral triangle inscribed in the color wheel. This triangle has one of its sides parallel to the horizontal or vertical diameter; in the opposite side of the vertex there is a main color, contrastingly complementary to the main color that is part of a pair of related contrasting colors. In the color wheel we have four such equilateral triangles, in the system of five circles we have 20. In each triad of colors, two related and contrasting colors are balanced by a double connection of unifying and contrasting main colors. It is better to darken or whiten the third main color.

Another type of harmonious combinations of three colors: two related and contrasting colors and a third color - the main one - combines the first two colors. Construct using isosceles triangles. To give greater harmony to the combination of colors of this triad, you can reduce the amount of pure main color by darkening or highlighting it.

Another type of harmonic triad is formed by colors located at the vertices of right triangles, provided that the two legs connect pairs of relatedly contrasting colors (the legs are parallel to the horizontal and vertical diameters of the color wheel). In each of the triangles, the color that is located at the vertex opposite the hypotenuse is related and contrasting in relation to the other two colors, and the latter, in turn, are related to each other by contrasting relationships. A total of four such triangles can be constructed in one color circle, and 20 in a system of five circles.

Additional education teacher

Zarechenskaya O.A. (MBOU DOD "DYUTS")

Topic: “Color wheel”.

Type of occupation: painting, studying the basics of color science.

Goals and objectives : development of graphic skills, expansion of knowledge about the various possibilities of artistic materials; studying the basics of color science, determining the level of training of children.

Equipment: watercolor, gouache, paper, brushes, palette.

Literary series:poems about flowers, about rainbows.

Visual range : methodological tables: “Color wheel”, “Warm and cold colors”, “Contrasting colors”, “Close colors”, selections of shades of different color combinations.

Progress of the lesson:

1. Organizational moment.Checking readiness for class.

2. Conversation. Introduction to the topic.

Guessing riddles and reading a poem.

Painted rocker

It hung over the river.

(rainbow)

Colorful gates

Someone built it on the moon

But it's not easy to get through them,

Those gates are high.

The master tried

He took some paint for the gates

Not one, not two, not three -

As many as seven, look.

What to call those gates?

Can you draw them?

(rainbow)

Not in a dream, but in reality -

What's wrong with this? -

I live on a rainbow in a purple house.

I run out in the morning

In beige boots,

Eating in the lilac forest

Scarlet cloudberry.

Dew comes from the leaves

In the dark blue thicket,

Eagle owl yellow eyes

Stares at me.

Where the nightingales whistle

In the nooks and crannies of the forest,

Streams make their way

To the pink lakes,

Squirrel waving behind a bush

Purple tail

White fish swim

Under the cherry bridge.

I live on a rainbow

Come to visit.

T. Belozerova.

How many colors do you know? 5,10,15, 100? Try to name as many as you can remember. You should get at least 6 colors. Exactly

as much as is contained in the minimum set of paints and pencils: red, yellow, blue, green, brown, black. Colors are made from paints. By mixing paints, you can get many more colors than 6.

-Where do we mix? What can serve as a palette?

There are many colors and shades in nature. Much more than the human eye can discern. And to make it easier to navigate them, people came up withcolor classifications.

Chromatic and achromatic colors.

“Chroma, chromatos” - translated from Greek as “color”.

Achromatic – not colored, it’s white, black, gray.

Chromatic - all the rest, which in turn are divided into primary and composite colors.

The original progenitors of all colors are three colors: red, yellow and blue. That's why they were named basic, since they underlie all other colors (except achromatic ones).

Mixing primary colors in pairs gives us a group of colors called compound.

Mix:

Red + yellow = orange

Red + blue = purple

Blue + yellow = green

If you've been paying attention, you've probably noticed that the resulting 6 colors are the colors of the rainbow. Do you know the saying that helps remember the composition and order of colors?

Every red

Hunter orange

Wants yellow

Know green

Where is the blue

Sitting blue

Pheasant purple

Blue color is not a composite color, since it is obtained not by mixing primary colors, but by mixing the primary (blue) with white. In this series, the composite colors alternate with the primary ones. For convenience, this strip can be closed in the form of a ring.

3. Practical part.

Exercise. Take a compass and draw a large circle on a piece of paper.

Let's divide it into six or nine equal parts.

a) b)

Now let’s take three primary colors in turn and cover with them a part of the circle (slice) after one (or two) in the following order:

Red, yellow, blue.

Leave gaps for the composite colors.

a) b)

Don't paint too thickly. The paints should apply smoothly, with strokes from left to right in horizontal lines, preferably with a brush No. 5-8 with a sharp tip. There should be enough paint so that it does not dry out, but not too much, otherwise it will flow down. Excess paint is removed with a brush, after squeezing it out.

We obtain composite colors on the palette using those primary colors with

which they have already worked with.

In a circle a) one orange, green, purple color each, which are obtained by mixing an equal amount of the main ones. Paint over the gaps.

In a circle b) two shades of composites, with an excess amount of one primary color (red-orange and yellow-orange, blue-green and yellow-green, red-violet and blue-violet). Paint over the gaps.

If you are careful and don't rush, you will get the right color wheel.

4. Warm and cool colors.

Take a look at the color wheel and you can easily determine where the warm and cool colors are.

Warm red, orange, yellow and their mixtures are considered. These are the colors of the sun, fire, heat. They stick together on the color wheel.

Cold colors blue, violet and mixtures thereof. These are the colors of the moon, twilight, winter, frost.

And green is a special color: if there is more yellow in it, it is warm, if there is more blue, then it is cold.

Red and blue are absolute colors in terms of coldness and warmth. It is no coincidence that they are in a spectrum (circle) opposite each other, like the poles of a globe.

Contrasting colors -opposite, they emphasize and enhance the brightness of each other.

Red Green

Blue - orange

Yellow – purple

Similar colors are those that are nearby in the spectrum, and their mixtures and shades.

Exercise: Paint the color circle with watercolors, starting with the main color, red, to the right.

What composite colors are obtained from mixing red and yellow, yellow and blue, red and blue paints. Use the resulting new colors to paint the component colors in a certain order. Color the squares with contrasting colors, taking into account the colors indicated in the circle by arrows.

red blue yellow

5. Summing up.

Selection of completed (best) works.

6. Reflection.

"I found out…"