Soviet riddles for children: examples. Great world mysteries Who built Stonehenge

World history holds a lot of mysteries. Despite increasingly sophisticated methods and billion-dollar research budgets, there are some things science has never explained.

1. Was there Atlantis?

Atlantis is the most famous of. Plato wrote about it in detail. She was mentioned in their writings by Herodotus, Diodorus Siculus, Posidonius, Strabo and Proclus. According to Plato, the island was located to the west of the Pillars of Hercules, opposite the Atlanta Mountains. During a strong earthquake, he went under water in one day. This happened around 9500 BC.
Atlantis was searched all over the world, from Gibraltar to Peru and Brazil, but today there is not a single scientifically based theory of its location.

2. Was there a Great Flood?

Mentioned not only in the canonical books of the Bible, but also in the later apocrypha. For example, in the Book of Enoch. The story of the flood can be found in other books, in the Jewish Haggadah and Midrash Tankhuma, as well as in the Sumerian myth of Ziusudra. The first surviving Sumerian flood poems date back to the 18th century BC.
There are mentions of sea trends in the myths of all cultures, but did the flood really happen? Historians cannot yet give a definite answer. However, it is known, for example, that around 5600 BC. There was a real flood in the Mediterranean when, due to earthquakes, the level of the Black Sea rose by 140 meters, it increased 1.5 times, and the Sea of ​​Azov appeared. Perhaps for the inhabitants of those places it was a “global flood”.

3. Who built the pyramids?

No matter how modern reconstructors and scientists struggle to solve the riddle, convincing versions of the method of their construction have not yet been found. Some experts say that the pyramids were built from ready-made blocks hewn out of the rock, others (Joseph Davilowitz) say that the blocks were made at the construction site from a mixture of stone chips and “geopolymer concrete” based on limestone. The incredible complexity of the process calls into question all hypotheses. The question also remains open about who built the pyramids, slaves or civilian workers, and how many there were.

4. Where did the Mayans go?

The Mayan civilization was one of the most developed, but by the time the conquistadors arrived, only scattered forest tribes remained of the Mayans, underdeveloped and not representing a serious force. They lived in huts and did not build majestic temples and palaces. Where did the Mayans go? The mystery is still not solved. There are many versions, from epidemic and war to alien intervention, but none of them is proven.

5. Who were the Sumerians?

The world community learned about it only in the middle of the 19th century, when scientists proved that in Mesopotamia there existed a state whose age reaches 6,000 years. It was from him that Babylon and Assyria inherited their culture.
It is still unknown where the Sumerians came to Mesopotamia. It is assumed that this was a mountainous region, since in the Sumerian language the words “country” and “mountain” are spelled the same. It also had to be an area with advanced technology - the Sumerians were pioneers in many fields of knowledge, from astronomy to physics. It is speculative, but not yet proven, that this could be in the south of India.

6. Did the Vikings discover America?

The discoveries of America are being voiced more and more often, but the Columbus version is still the official one. What's interesting about both of them is that both times America was discovered by mistake (a Scandinavian trader named Bjarni Herjulfsson lost his course due to a storm, and Columbus sailed to India).
There is much less material on the Norman version than on the Columbus version, and not all of them are considered authentic, which greatly undermines its credibility.

7. Who were the Hyksos?

They are called "shepherd kings." It was during their reign that a two-wheeled military chariot appeared in Egypt, which changed the tactics of combat. Little is known about them. The Hyksos were nomadic tribes, “rulers of the desert highlands,” who invaded Egypt around 1700. BC e. They ruled it for more than 100 years and even founded an entire dynasty of Hyksos kings. The Hyksos were expelled from Egypt only by the founder of the 18th dynasty, Ahmose I, in 1587 BC. e. The question of who exactly the Hyksos were, where they came from and where they disappeared remains open.

8. Why did Neanderthals go extinct?

The human genome is approximately 99.5% identical, but this does not mean that we descended from Neanderthals. We have 98% genome similarity with monkeys.
Contrary to popular belief that Neanderthals were semi-savage, they were not. This was a fairly developed evolutionary branch; they even knew how to make musical instruments. The versions of their disappearance are as follows: 1) Assimilation; 2) Cro-Magnon genocide; 3) The Ice Age, which they did not survive because they did not know how to make clothes as they were unnecessary.
None of these versions is yet scientifically legitimized.

9. Where did the Scythians disappear to?

It is believed that Scythia was the first state to disappear as a result of the Great Migration. The Scythians fought with the Sarmatians, Philip and Alexander the Great, with the Goths and Huns. It is believed that after the defeat of the latter, most of the Scythians died, while many became part of the winning army. In history, because of this, there is a lot of confusion with the later definition of the Scythians. Some historians count Chechens and Ossetians among the descendants of the Scythians.

10. Why did Alexander the Great die?

We still don't know where he is buried. This significantly reduces the chances of finding out the main mystery - why he died in the prime of his life, at 32 years old. The Persians, whom he mercilessly defeated, claimed that the commander was punished by heaven for desecrating the tomb of King Cyrus. The Macedonians who returned home said that the great commander died of drunkenness and debauchery (sources brought to us information about his 360 concubines). Roman historians believed that he was poisoned with some kind of slow-acting Asian poison. According to the most common version, Alexander died of malaria. She does not explain why she made such a “single strike.”

11. Did King Arthur exist?

Almost all of us have known King Arthur since childhood. The Arthurian cycle was a bestseller back in the Middle Ages, and in our time it has become one of the cult phenomena of mass culture. Some critics argue that all fantasy literature came out of Arthuriana. However, the authenticity of Arthur's existence as a separate historical figure has not yet been proven. Probably, the real prototype of Arthur had a different name, or it is a collective image of several prototypes.

12. Why did the plague “mow down” Europe?

There is a lot that is unclear in the story of the European plague pandemic, which literally dates back to the Middle Ages. Thus, it was not possible to identify wild rodents whose habitats would also extend so far to the north. There is no answer to the question of why the Black Death pandemic struck Europe in the same sequence and over the same territories, and for the same time, as the first pandemic - the Plague of Justinian (531-589)? How did its outbreaks flare up synchronously over very extensive areas of Europe, for example, the plague epidemic in Moscow and London in the middle of the 17th century?

13. Where did the gold of the royal family go?

By the beginning of World War I, the Russian Empire had the world's largest gold reserves, which were estimated at 1 billion 695 million rubles (1311 tons of gold, more than 60 billion dollars at 2000s exchange rates).
The fate of most of the gold reserves of Tsarist Russia is still unknown (). This was approximately 490 tons of pure gold in bullion and coins valued at 650 million. According to one version, it was stolen by the Czechoslovak corps, according to another, it was hidden on the orders of Kolchak himself, according to the third, the funds ended up in European banks.

14. Where did the Templar gold go?

The countless treasures of the Templars are still legendary. According to the historian Lozinsky, the chief treasurer of the order was the chief treasurer of France, and the largest debtor of the order was King Philip IV the Fair of France.

After the trial of the Templars, he discovered that there was not much jewelry and gold in the treasuries. Where the Templar gold went is a mystery. It is known that the surviving Templars transported part of the accumulated treasures on ships, but where is not known for certain. If you believe the legends, the Templar gold ended up in Nova Scotia - the territory of modern Canada. It is believed that part of it was transported to the Canadian Oak Island, where the descendants of the temple knights hid it in a cache with numerous traps.

15. Where did the 10 tribes of Israel go?

At the end of the 8th century BC, five-sixths of Jews disappeared completely - 10 out of 12 ethnic groups. They have been sought for for 2,500 years, and are sometimes found in the most unexpected places - from India to Europe. About his kinship with even in Japan. There is a religious movement called Makuya, whose representatives claim that the imperial title “Mikado” itself comes from the Hebrew mi gadol (great). None of the versions is official today.

16. Who built Stonehenge?

The mystery of the megalithic complex has not yet been solved. According to one version, it was built by the Druids, according to another - by the Celts, according to the third - by the ancient Britons, according to the fourth - by Merlin himself. There are those who claim that Stonehenge is a hoax and was built in modern times.
It is also unknown exactly how Stonehenge was built. During the restoration of the complex, which began in 1901 and was completed only in 1964, the stones were rearranged using cranes, but in the Middle Ages there was no such equipment.

17. How were the monuments built on Easter Island?

The most widely accepted theory among researchers is that the moai on Easter Island were erected by settlers from the Polynesian islands in the 11th century. How they did this is still unknown. Thor Heyerdahl's experiments were only partially successful. Its method of transportation was not suitable for multi-meter colossi weighing 50 tons or more. The Norwegian scientist also could not explain how the Maoi wore hats weighing up to two tons.

Destroyed the ancient world, building the Middle Ages on its ruins. Despite many versions, it is still not clear what was the main reason for the movement of the barbarians. As is usually the case in such cases, scientists talk about the sum of factors. Firstly, about overpopulation in Scandinavia, secondly, about changing climatic conditions (cooling and increasing humidity), and finally, about a shift in social strata - the tribal elite that came to power was interested in profit. The best target was the Roman Empire.

20. Who sponsored the Bolsheviks?

The question of whether this is true in Russia is still debatable. For a long time, the main version was that the German General Staff played the first role in financing, but today more and more historians are inclined to believe that support came from England, from Wall Street, and even from the Old Believers, who had close business relationships. contacts with English industrialists.

There is a rich house and a poor one. They are burning. Which house will the police extinguish?

Police don't put out fires, firefighters put out fires

How can a person not sleep for 8 days?

Sleep at night

You enter a dark kitchen. It contains a candle, a kerosene lamp and a gas stove. What will you light first?

A girl is sitting, and you cannot sit in her place, even if she gets up and leaves. Where is she sitting?

She sits on your lap

You are standing in front of three switches. Behind an opaque wall are three light bulbs that are turned off. You need to manipulate the switches, go into the room and determine which light bulb each switch belongs to.

First you need to turn on two switches. After some time, turn off one of them. Enter the room. One light bulb will be hot from the switch on, the second will be warm from the switch off, the third will be cold from the untouched switch.

It is known that among the nine coins there is one counterfeit one, which weighs less than the rest of the coins. How can you identify a counterfeit coin in two weighings using a cup scale?

1st weighing: 3 and 3 coins. The counterfeit coin is in the pile that weighs less. If they are equal, then the fake is in the third pile. 2nd weighing: Any 2 coins from the pile with the lowest weight are compared. If they are equal, then the remaining coin is fake

Two people approach the river. There is a boat at the shore that can only support one. Both people crossed to the opposite bank. How?

They were on different banks

Two fathers, two sons found three oranges and divided them. Everyone got a whole orange. How can this be?

The dog was tied to a ten-meter rope and walked 300 meters. How did she do it?

The rope was not tied to anything

How can a thrown egg fly three meters without breaking?

You need to throw the egg four meters, then it will fly the first three meters intact

The man was driving a large truck. The lights on the car were not turned on. There was no moon either. The woman began to cross the road in front of the car. How did the driver manage to see her?

It was a bright sunny day

If five cats catch five mice in five minutes, how long does it take one cat to catch one mouse?

Five minutes

Is it possible to light a match underwater?

It is possible if you pour water into some container, for example, into a glass, and hold the match below the glass

The boat rocks on the water. A ladder was thrown from it along the side. Before high tide, the water covered only the bottom step. How long will it take for the water to cover the 3rd step from the bottom if during high tide the water rises at 20 cm per hour and the distance between the steps is 30 cm?

Never, because the boat rises with the water

How to divide five apples between five girls so that each gets an apple and at the same time one of the apples remains in the basket?

Give one girl an apple along with a basket

One and a half pike perch costs one and a half rubles. How much do 13 pike perch cost?

Traders and potters. In one city all the people were traders or potters. Merchants always told lies, but potters always told the truth. When all the people gathered in the square, each of those gathered said to the others: “You are all traders!” How many potters were there in this city?

The potter was alone because:

1. If there were no potters, then the traders would have to tell the truth that all the other traders are traders, and this contradicts the conditions of the problem.
2. If there were more than one potter, then each potter would have to lie that the rest were traders.

There are two coins on the table; they add up to 3 rubles. One of them is not 1 ruble. What coins are these?

1 and 2 rubles

The satellite makes one revolution around the Earth in 1 hour 40 minutes, and the other in 100 minutes. How can it be?

100 minutes is 1 hour 40 minutes

As you know, all Russian female names end with either the letter “a” or the letter “ya”: Anna, Maria, Irina, Natalya, Olga, etc. However, there is only one female name that ends with a different letter. Name it.

What has no length, depth, width, height, but can be measured?

Time, temperature

If it rains at 12 o'clock at night, can we expect sunny weather 72 hours later?

No, because in 72 hours it will be night

Seven brothers have one sister. How many sisters are there in total?

One yacht goes from Nice to Sanremo, the other from Sanremo to Nice. They left the harbors at the same time. For the first hour, the yachts moved at the same speed (60 km/h), but then the first yacht increased its speed to 80 km/h. Which yacht will be closer to Nice when they meet?

At the moment of their meeting they will be at the same distance from Nice

A woman was walking towards Moscow, and three men met her. Everyone has a bag, in each bag there is a cat. How many creatures were heading to Moscow?

Only the woman went to Moscow, the rest went in the other direction

There were 10 birds sitting on a tree. A hunter came and shot one bird. How many birds are left on the tree?

Not a single one - the rest of the birds flew away

The train runs from east to west, and the wind blows from north to south. In which direction does the smoke fly from the chimney?

You are running a marathon and have passed the runner who was running second. What position do you take now?

Second. If you answered that you are now first, then this is incorrect: you overtook the second runner and took his place, so you are now in second position

You are running a marathon and have passed the last runner. What position do you take now?

If you answered that it was the penultimate one, you were wrong again :). Think about how you can overtake the last runner? If you are running after him, then he is not the last. The correct answer is - it is impossible, you cannot overtake the last runner

There were three cucumbers and four apples on the table. The child took one apple from the table. How much fruit is left on the table?

3 fruits, and cucumbers are vegetables

The product first rose in price by 10%, and then fell in price by 10%. What is its value now relative to its original value?

99%: after the price increase, 10% was added to 100% - it turned out to be 110%; 10% of 110% = 11%; then subtract 11% from 110% and get 99%

How many times does the number 4 appear in the integers from 1 to 50?

15 times: 4, 14, 24, 34, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 - twice, 45, 46. 47, 48, 49

You have driven your car two-thirds of the way. At the beginning of the journey, the car's gas tank was full, but now it is one quarter full. Will there be enough gasoline until the end of the trip (at the same consumption)?

No, because 1/4< 1/3

Mary's father has 5 daughters: Chacha, Cheche, Chichi, Chocho. What is the name of the fifth daughter?

A deaf and mute man went into a stationery store to buy a pencil sharpener. He stuck his finger into his left ear and made a spinning motion with the fist of his other hand near his right ear. The seller immediately understood what was being asked of him. Then a blind man entered the same store. How did he explain to the salesman that he wanted to buy scissors?

I just said, he's blind, but not dumb

A rooster has flown to the border between Russia and China. I sat down exactly on the border, absolutely in the middle. Layed an egg. It fell exactly across: the border divides it in the middle. Which country does the egg belong to?

Roosters don't lay eggs!

One morning, a soldier who had previously been on night guard approached the centurion and said that that night he had seen in a dream how the barbarians would attack the fortress from the north that evening. The centurion did not really believe in this dream, but still took measures. That same evening, the barbarians actually attacked the fortress, but thanks to the measures taken, their attack was repulsed. After the battle, the centurion thanked the soldier for the warning and then ordered him to be taken into custody. Why?

Because he slept on duty

There are ten fingers on the hands. How many fingers are there on ten hands?

A plane with English tourists was flying from Holland to Spain. He crashed in France. Where should the surviving (wounded) tourists be buried?

The survivors do not need to be buried! :)

You were driving a bus with 42 passengers from Boston to Washington. At each of the six stops, 3 people got out of it, and at every second - four. What was the driver's name when the driver arrived in Washington 10 hours later?

How about you, because in the beginning it was said that You drove the bus

What can you find in minutes, seconds and days, but not in years, decades and centuries?

How many times can you subtract 3 from 25?

Once, because after the first subtraction the number "25" will change to "22"

Mrs. Taylor's entire bungalow is decorated in pink, with pink light fixtures, pink walls, pink carpets, and a pink ceiling. What color are the stairs in this bungalow?

There are no stairs in the bungalow

In the ancient castle where the prison was located, there were 4 round towers in which prisoners were imprisoned. One of the prisoners decided to escape. And then one fine day he hid in the corner, and when a guard came in, he stunned him with a blow to the head, and he ran away, changing into different clothes. Could this happen?

No, since the towers were round and there were no corners

The 12-story building has an elevator. Only 2 people live on the ground floor; from floor to floor the number of residents doubles. Which button in the elevator of this building is pressed most often?

Regardless of the distribution of residents by floor - button “1”

A pair of horses ran 20 kilometers. Question: How many kilometers did each horse run individually?

20 kilometers

What can stand and walk, hang and stand, walk and lie at the same time?

Is it possible to predict the score of a football match before it starts, and if so, how?

The score of any match before it starts is always 0:0

What can a person increase in diameter by 7 times in a few seconds?

Pupil. When transitioning from bright light to darkness, the diameter can change from 1.1 to 8 mm; everything else either hardly increases or increases in diameter by no more than 2-3 times

A seller at the market sells a hat that costs 10 rubles. A buyer comes up and wants to buy it, but he only has 25 rubles. The seller sends the boy away with these 25 rubles. change it to a neighbor. The boy comes running and gives 10 + 10 +5 rubles. The seller gives the hat and change 15 rubles, and 10 rubles. keeps it for himself. After some time, a neighbor comes and says that 25 rubles. fake, demands to give her money. The seller returns her money. How much money was the seller defrauded of?

The seller was deceived for a counterfeit 25 rubles.

How many animals did Moses take on his ark?

It was not Moses who took the animals into the ark, but Noah.

2 people entered the entrance at the same time. One has an apartment on the 3rd floor, the other on the 9th. How many times will the first person get there faster than the second? Note: They simultaneously pressed buttons on 2 elevators moving at the same speed.

The usual answer is 3 times. Correct answer: 4 times. Elevators usually go from the 1st floor. The first one will travel 3-1=2 floors, and the second 9-1=8 floors, i.e. 4 times more

This riddle is often offered to children. But sometimes adults can rack their brains for a long time to figure out how to solve such a problem, so you can organize a competition: invite everyone to try to solve the problem. Whoever guesses it, regardless of age, deserves a prize. Here's the task:

6589 = 4; 5893 = 3; 1236 = 1; 1234 = 0; 0000 = 4; 5794 = 1; 1111 = 0; 4444 = 0; 7268 = 3; 1679 = 2; 3697 = 2

2793 = 1; 4895 = 3

The main thing is to look at the problem like a child, then you will understand that the answer is 3 (three circles in the writing of numbers)

Two horsemen competed to see whose horse would reach the finish line last. However, things did not go well, both stood still. Then they turned to the sage for advice, and after that they both rode at full speed.

The sage advised the horsemen to exchange horses

One student tells another: “Yesterday our college basketball team won the basketball game with a score of 76:40. At the same time, not a single basketball player scored a single goal in this match.”

Women's teams played

A man walks into a store, buys sausage and asks to cut it, not across, but lengthwise. The saleswoman asks: “Are you a fireman?” - "Yes". How did she guess?

The man was in uniform

The lady did not have a driver's license with her. She did not stop at the railroad crossing, although the barrier was down, then, not paying attention to the “brick,” she moved along a one-way street against the traffic and stopped only after passing three blocks. All this happened in front of a traffic police officer, who for some reason did not consider it necessary to intervene.

The lady was walking

On one Odessa street there were three tailoring workshops. The first tailor advertised himself as follows: “The best workshop in Odessa!” The second is “The best workshop in the world!” The third “outdid” them both.

“The best workshop on this street!”

Two brothers were drinking at a bar. Suddenly, one of them began to argue with the bartender, and then pulled out a knife and, not paying attention to his brother’s attempts to stop him, hit the bartender. At his trial he was found guilty of murder. At the end of the trial, the judge said: “You have been found guilty of murder, but I have no choice but to let you go.” Why did the judge have to do this?

The culprit was one of the conjoined twins. The judge could not send a guilty person to prison without putting an innocent person there as well.

We were traveling in the same compartment: Baba Yaga, Zmey Gorynych, a stupid ensign and a smart ensign. There was a bottle of beer on the table. The train entered the tunnel and it became dark. When the train came out of the tunnel, the bottle was empty. Who drank the beer?

The stupid ensign drank the beer, since the other creatures are unreal and do not occur in life!)

We will tell you the history of the appearance of riddles, as well as where riddles can be used.

Riddles appeared a very long time ago and have always been a test not only of a person’s knowledge - they required observation, the ability to see their similarities and differences in the most ordinary objects, they required the ability to perceive the world around them figuratively, poetically.

All primitive peoples had a ritual of initiating boys into full members of the clan - hunters. To pass the test of maturity, the boy had to prove his physical strength, dexterity, courage - to kill a huge predator, to withstand pain. And he had to show intelligence, knowledge, and ingenuity in solving riddles. It turns out that in those distant times, the riddle was the main body of human knowledge and information about the outside world. Among the ancient Greeks and Germans, asking riddles was equated with martial arts. Their legends tell us how those who did not guess the riddles paid with their lives.

The Slavs also had beliefs that mermaids destroy people who did not guess their riddles. And their riddles were:

what grows without roots? (Stone);

what blooms without a flower? (Fern);

Why does he run without a reason? (Water).

In Russian folk wedding customs, until the 19th century, telling riddles was a mandatory part of the wedding ceremony. The bride's friends asked difficult riddles to the groom and groomsmen and did not let them into the bride's hut until they received the correct answer. Well, in Russian folk tales, you already know this well, the princess marries the one who managed to guess all her riddles.

The Russian people made the subject of their riddles things and phenomena that they constantly encountered in everyday life and at work. Earth and sky, natural phenomena, the world of animals, domestic and wild, the interior decoration of a hut, utensils, dishes, agricultural and any other work - this is the main thematic range of objects and phenomena of life, covered in riddles.

People still come up with riddles to this day. This is a very exciting activity - try it! Any riddle is an intricate question or allegory that requires an answer. They are written in a short and entertaining form, most often in poetry. They are characterized by clarity, expressiveness and precision of definitions. Most often, riddles contain a list of signs by which one must guess what objects or phenomena are being discussed. The simplicity or complexity of the riddle depends on how many of these signs are present and how detailed they characterize what is being asked. For example, in the riddle “It’s not fire, but it burns” (nettle) one sign is indicated, but it is so characteristic that it is enough to guess. Sometimes riddles contain 3-4 signs: “Round, hunchbacked, near furry, trouble will come - water will flow” (eye). Each of these signs is needed to determine the hidden word. But, of course, the most interesting thing in any riddle is the figurative, poetic perception of the surrounding world.

Riddles offered on our website, selected by topic. Riddles can be used in the lessons of reading, natural history and familiarization with the outside world. A competition for the best expert on riddles can become part of KVN, a school holiday or an excursion into nature. Riddles bring a fun spirit of competition to any event; they also broaden your horizons, develop speech and curiosity, help you become observant, and train your attention and memory. We offer you ancient Russian riddles and those invented by famous children's writers more recently.

Almost every person loves solving riddles. This is a fun activity with intriguing, colorful and short questions. Today, riddles are increasingly appearing in literature. There is an opinion that they are more intriguing, interesting and simple.

Psychologists and educators say: “Children enjoy solving riddles or crossword puzzles more than just reading books or doing math.” In the article you will find Soviet children's logic riddles. They will come with answers, so you can safely play with your child.

Why do children need riddles?

Many children enjoy learning something new every day. With the help of adults, children constantly discover new knowledge. Children are so curious that any question, even the smallest one, arouses great interest. This is why children need riddles. After all, with their help they develop even more.

Soviet riddles are common. This folklore teaches children to think logically, develop imagination, listen carefully and, most importantly, hear. Each riddle contains a secret that the child must be able to correctly decipher and answer.

Riddles help your child get rid of absent-mindedness and inattention. After all, these two factors greatly influence the future of every person. Such activities also perfectly develop memory, which is important in development.

Riddles open not only the inner world of children, but also their individual imagination. Each child presents the question and the answer to it in his own way. Riddles are also important so that the baby gradually understands the meaning of expressions, speech, metaphors or aphorisms.

Riddles about natural phenomena

They are needed so that the baby better understands and imagines the bright and colorful world around him.

In riddles about natural phenomena, we will teach preschoolers to see beauty.

1. A large bird flies across the blue sky, covering the sun, like a lioness. The sun disappeared and suddenly it got colder. (Cloud).
2. A large and multi-colored rocker suddenly hung across the river. (Rainbow).
3. A large pea falls on your head, but no one can pick it up. (Grad).
4. There are no arms or legs, but the gate can be easily opened. (Wind).
5. He is busy all the time. In winter he has fun and paints everything white. It doesn’t just come, but in winter it will come easily. (Snow).
6. He has neither arms nor legs, but will come to paint in winter. (Freezing).
7. In winter it warms the earth, in spring it waters (Snow).
8. There is water all around, but it is impossible to drink it. (Sea).

Children will be happy to find logical answers to the above old riddles. They are completely easy for preschoolers to understand and teach them to love the world around them.

About vegetables and fruits

1. There are a lot of clothes, and there is not a single fastener. (Cabbage).
2. The red beauty sits in the dungeon, and her braid sticks out in the street. (Carrot).
3. Not a month, but round, not butter, but yellow, not a mouse, but with a tail. (Turnip).
4. A big green ball on the outside, like red blood on the inside. The taste is sweet, like sugar. There is great love for him. (Watermelon).
5. Tender piglets grew up in the garden bed. They grow sideways towards the sun, and their tails are crocheted. As if on command, they play hide and seek with us. (Cucumber).
6. There is no pain, no sadness, I want to cry, as if I was shouted at. (Onion).
7. There is a green tail at the top, a red round one at the bottom, it has grown into the ground. (Beet).
8. Red and small hides in the bushes, as soon as the bear approaches, he will immediately find everything. (Raspberries).
9. Small balls hung on the trees. They turned blue, probably from the heat. (Plums).
10. Long, green, many people like it salty. Fresh is also okay, guess who this is about? (Cucumber).
11. There is a smaller one to take from the onion. It doesn't make me cry, but it's bitter, just creepy. (Garlic).
12. Smooth and sweet, very tasty for children. A pink barrel, they put it in a pie. (Apple).
13. A large bush has grown in the garden bed, dig a little and it will appear... (potatoes).

These riddles help preschoolers develop speech, enrich their vocabulary, and be able to convey their thoughts and imagination.

About animals

Here are riddles about wild or domestic animals. This is a great way to introduce your child to the names and types of various animals.

1. These river inhabitants are well-known builders. They saw planks and build bridges. (Beavers).
2. The blind digger digs and digs and builds a lot. (Mole).
3. A huge sweet tooth giant lives in the forest. He loves honey very much. As the cold sets in, he immediately falls asleep. (Bear).
4. Caresses relatives, bites strangers. (Dog).
5. When she’s hungry, she moos, and when she’s full, she chews, and gives fresh milk to all kids and adults. (Cow).
6. In the morning he starts singing and greets the sun. (Rooster).
7. He knocks on wood, trying to get a worm. Our skillful knock-knock-knock will still get you there. (Woodpecker).

About household items

There is an opinion that Soviet riddles are the most fascinating and educational. To introduce children to the game, play a game with them.

1. We have an iron leg in the corner - this is... (Poker).
2. He loves to walk on carpets, in corners and on walls. Where it sees dust, it eats it and it quickly disappears. It buzzes with delight and delicious flavor. (Vacuum cleaner).
3. Look under the window, that's what an accordion is there. But she doesn’t play, but warms the home. (Battery).
4. Even in summer he will not be able to warm up (Refrigerator).
5. She chews the meat, but does not swallow it, but puts everything on the plate. (Meat grinder).

About the seasons

Old and in poetic form. Most often these are the seasons.

1. Very empty fields, the ground is all wet, it rains often, do you know when this happens? (Autumn).
2. The leaves are swirling in the yard, they rustle under our feet, we collect them, when does this happen? (Autumn).
3. The sun disappeared, clouds appeared. The wind became too biting. What's happened? I don't understand. After all, I have no more strength, will you give me an answer? (Late fall).
4. The grass is turning green, the sun is shining, the birds have arrived, summer will soon begin. (Spring).
5. The meadows have become green, the water has become warmer, everything has already been warmed by the sun, it has come... (Summer).
6. Now the maple has turned yellow, the birds are gathering for distant lands. (Autumn).
7. All the windows are decorated, the paths are dusted, it brings joy to the children and does not want to leave. (Winter).

About school

All preschoolers should have an idea of ​​all the subjects that are needed at school. That is why Soviet riddles on such topics are necessary for children.

1. All children have their first book. She teaches intelligence and will teach you to read. (ABC).
2. The white pebble runs and melts, leaving marks on the board and asphalt. (Chalk).
3. She knows everything, teaches all the children, but she herself is silent. (Book).
4. A big house with a lot of kids in it. You enter it and know nothing, but when you leave it, you understand everything. (School).
5. Whoever enters this house finds his mind there. (School).
6. He wears a wooden shirt and leaves notes behind him. (Pencil).
7. Ten little brothers live in one smart book. Without them you can neither add, nor multiply, nor subtract. (Numbers).
8. In this small box you will find everything, here is a pen, an eraser and pencils. Whatever you want, for the soul. (Pencil case).
9. It lies in a school bag, like a child studying, he will quickly tell you. (Diary).
10. Not a bush, but a lot of leaves, not a shirt, but well-made, not a person, but will tell you everything. (Book).

The above riddles will help the children understand what kind of stationery there are, etc. After each riddle, you need to have a conversation with the children on this topic.

Conclusion

In order to select specific riddles, you must always take into account the children’s abilities, their interest in the world around them, experience and, of course, age. For preschoolers, it is easier to find answers to riddles by describing objects. They make specific associations.

In the article we looked at Soviet riddles with answers that better develop and educate children. Thanks to them, children develop increased attention, imagination and memory.

With the help of this gaming method, the preschooler acquires knowledge about nature, animals and the world around him in general.

You will be able to develop your baby comprehensively. It all depends on how adults present them.

Thanks to this form of training, you will enrich the vocabulary of preschoolers and their speech will develop perfectly. Children will form their own ideas about everything that surrounds them. If something doesn’t work out for the kids, don’t scold them. Support the baby, explain logic riddles and say that nothing bad happened. This is just a game that does not oblige the child to anything.

Russian language is one of the most difficult. And this is connected not only with vocabulary and syntax, but also with its history. Even for us, native speakers, much in our native language is still unclear and mysterious.

Message

Linguists have repeatedly noted the acrophonic principle of constructing the Old Russian alphabet and even saw in it a hidden “message to the Slavs.” Each of the letters of the Cyrillic alphabet has its own name, and if you read these names in alphabetical order, you get: “Az buki vede. The verb is good. Live well, earth, and, like people, think about our peace. Rtsy’s word is firm - uk f’at dick. Tsy, worm, shta ra yus yati.” One of the translations of this text is: “I know the letters: writing is a property. Work hard, earthlings, as reasonable people should - comprehend the universe! Carry the word with conviction: knowledge is the gift of God! Dare, delve deeply in order to comprehend the light of existence!”

Which language is closer to the Slavic “ancestor”?

There has long been a debate among patriotic residents of Slavic countries: which language is closer to the original Slavic? Where did the differences between the dialects on the territory of Eastern Rus' (i.e., present-day central Russia), Southern (modern Ukraine) and Western (now Belarus) come from? The fact is that different elements participated in the genesis of the national languages ​​of these countries. In addition to the Slavs, Finno-Ugric tribes and Balts lived in Rus'. Nomads from the southern steppes often visited here. The Tatar-Mongol conquerors not only plundered and ravaged Rus', but also left behind many linguistic borrowings. The Swedes, Germans, Poles - European neighbors, also enriched the Russian language with new words. The fact that a significant part of present-day Belarus was historically under the rule of Poland, and Southern Rus' was constantly subject to raids by nomads, could not but be reflected in the local languages. As they say, whoever you play with. But don't get too upset. The fact that our language today is so far from its progenitor is not an accident or the result of a Masonic conspiracy, but the result of the painstaking work of many talented people who created the Russian literary language in the form in which it exists now. If it were not for the reforms inspired by them, we would not have the poetry of Pushkin, the prose of Tolstoy, or the drama of Chekhov. Who created the language we speak today?

The first "dismissal of letters"

In the 18th century, Peter I came to power. He began transformations in all spheres of life, and did not ignore the Russian language. But his reforms concern only the external side, they do not penetrate into the very essence of the language: its syntax, vocabulary, grammar. Peter I simplifies the spelling by getting rid of the Greek letters psi, xi and omega. These letters did not represent any sounds in the Russian language, and their loss did not impoverish the language at all. Peter tried to get rid of a number of letters of the Russian alphabet: “Earth”, “Izhitsa”, “Fert”, and also removed the superscripts, but under pressure from the clergy these letters had to be returned. The alphabetic reform made life easier not only for schoolchildren of Peter the Great’s time (they had to learn fewer letters), but also for printing houses, which no longer had to print extra characters that were not pronounced when reading. Lomonosov responded about this as follows: “Under Peter the Great, not only the boyars and boyars, but also the letters, threw off their wide fur coats and dressed up in summer clothes.”

Why was the reform needed?

The real reform is taking place through the efforts of writers and poets of the 18th century: Trediakovsky, Lomonosov, Karamzin. They create the Russian literary language and “consolidate success” with their works. Before that, the Russian language, due to constant contacts with Western Europe, was in a chaotic state. In it, vernacular forms coexisted with book ones, borrowings from German, French, and Latin were used along with Russian analogues. Trediakovsky changes the very principle of Russian versification, adopting and adapting the European syllabic-tonic system - based on the regular alternation of stressed and unstressed syllables. Lomonosov divides all words of the Russian language into three groups: the first group included those rarely used, especially in colloquial speech, but understandable to literate people: “I open,” “I call.” The second includes words common to Russian and Church Slavonic: “hand”, “now”, “I honor”. And to the third group he included words that have no analogues in church books, that is, Russian words, not originally Slavic: “I speak”, “stream”, “only”. Thus, Lomonosov distinguishes three “calms”, each of which was used in certain literary genres: the high calm was suitable for odes and heroic poems, the middle calm was used to write dramatic works, prose - in general, all works where it is necessary to depict living speech. Low calm was used in comedies, satire, and epigrams. Finally, Karamzin enriches the Russian language with neologisms, he abandons Church Slavonic vocabulary, and the syntax of the language in his works approaches the “lighter” French. It is to Karamzin that we owe, for example, the appearance of the words “falling in love” or “sidewalk.”

Difficult letter "Y"

Karamzin was one of the ardent “fans” of the letter “e”, but he was not its inventor at all. In 1783, one of the first meetings of the Academy of Russian Literature took place. Its founder was Ekaterina Dashkova. Together with the most famous writers of her time: Derzhavin and Fonvizin, the princess discussed the project of the Slavic-Russian dictionary. For convenience, Ekaterina Romanovna suggested replacing the sound designation “io” with one letter “e”. The innovation was approved by the general meeting of the academy, Dashkova’s innovative idea was supported by Derzhavin, who began to use “ё” in his works. It was he who was the first to use the new letter in correspondence, and was also the first to type a surname with an “е”: Potemkin. At the same time, Ivan Dmitriev published the book “And My Trinkets”, imprinting all the necessary points in it. And finally, it became widely used after it appeared in Karamzin’s poetry collection. The new letter also had its opponents. Minister of Education Alexander Shishkov is said to have furiously leafed through the numerous volumes of his library and with his own hand crossed out two dots above the letter. There were also many conservatives among the writers. Marina Tsvetaeva, for example, fundamentally wrote the word “devil” with an “o,” and Andrei Bely, for the same reasons, wrote “zsolty.” Printing houses also don’t like the letter, because it causes them to waste extra paint. In pre-revolutionary primers, it was banished to the very end of the alphabet, in the same company as the dying “Izhitsa” and “fita”. And these days its place is in the very corner of the keyboard. But not everywhere the letter “е” is treated with such disdain - in Ulyanovsk there is even a monument to it.

The secret of "Izhitsa"

In Lunacharsky's famous 1918 decree on changes in the Russian language, there is no mention of the letter V (“Izhitsa”), which was the last letter in the pre-revolutionary alphabet. By the time of the reform, it was extremely rare, and could be found mainly only in church texts. In the civilian language, “Izhitsa” was actually used only in the word “miro”. In the silent refusal of the Bolsheviks from “izhitsi”, many saw a sign: the Soviet government seemed to be abandoning one of the seven sacraments - confirmation, through which the Orthodox are given the gifts of the Holy Spirit, designed to strengthen him in spiritual life. It is curious that the undocumented removal of “Izhitsa”, the last letter in the alphabet, and the official elimination of the penultimate one - “fits” - made the final alphabetic letter - “ya”. The intelligentsia saw in this another malicious intent of the new authorities, who deliberately sacrificed two letters in order to put at the end the letter expressing the human personality, individuality.

The secret of Russian swearing

Almost the entire 20th century was dominated by the version that the words that we call obscene came into the Russian language from the Mongol-Tatars. However, this is a misconception. Swearing is already found in Novgorod birch bark documents dating back to the 11th century: that is, long before the birth of Genghis Khan. The very concept of “checkmate” is quite late. From time immemorial in Rus' it was called “barking obscene”. Initially, obscene language exclusively included the use of the word “mother” in a vulgar, sexual context. The words denoting the genital organs, which we today refer to swearing, did not refer to “obscene bark.” There are a dozen versions of the checkmate function. Some scientists suggest that swearing appeared at the turn of society’s transition from matriarchy to patriarchy and initially meant the authoritative assertion of a man who, having undergone the ritual of copulation with the “mother” of the clan, publicly announced this to his fellow tribesmen. There is also a hypothesis according to which “swearing” had a magical, protective function and was called “dog tongue.” In the Slavic (and Indo-European in general) tradition, dogs were considered animals of the “afterlife” and served the goddess of death Morena. There is one more word that is unfairly classified today as swearing. For the purposes of self-censorship, let’s call it the “B” word. This lexeme quietly existed in the elements of the Russian language (it can even be found in church texts and official state documents), having the meanings “fornication”, “deception”, “delusion”, “heresy”, “error”. People often used this word to refer to dissolute women. Perhaps during the time of Anna Ioannovna this word began to be used with greater frequency and, probably, in the latter context, because it was this empress who banned it.