The role of music in child development. Comprehensive development of a child through musical activities Musical examples of comprehensive development of a child

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“Only music has the power to shape character...With the help of music you can teach yourself to develop the right feelings.” Through the centuries, the truth of the ancient Greek philosopher and scientist, student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great, Aristotle, has been true. Music is one of the most effective and richest means of aesthetic education; it cultivates taste and shapes feelings. Music has an incredible creative power of emotional impact; everything that is not subject to words, does not find its expression in it, is reflected in music. It has long been noted that constant communication with music awakens in a person a keen observation not only to the sounds of nature, but also develops the ability to associate various phenomena of the surrounding world.

Important! Childhood is a period when a child is especially strongly attached to home, family, and the values that his parents recognize become the most important in his life. Which means, first of all, we ourselves must be interested in the all-round development of the child, including his musical inclinations. It is necessary to develop and form in the child a culture of music perception, creative activity and emotional responsiveness. It is the preschool period that is the most sensitive, and if development is not addressed, then natural inclinations will remain unrealized.

How to develop musical abilities?

To solve this problem, not much is required from us parents - just to help develop the baby’s innate ability to listen and hear, using all kinds of techniques and developmental programs for this.

1. Zheleznov’s technique. Father and daughter – Zheleznov Sergei Stanislavovich and Ekaterina Sergeevna are the authors of the program and methodological developments for early musical development “Music with Mom”. They have released a wide variety of audio and video discs with cheerful music, beautiful melodies, simple songs, bright performances, aimed at developing the musical abilities and absolute hearing of children almost from their very birth. The “Music with Mom” technique is popular in many countries around the world.

It originated in the early 90s of the last century. Its primary goal was to identify and develop the musical abilities of children 3-5 years old, with further preparation for music schools. Classes were organized in which the children sang and at the same time played notes on keyboard instruments. And then there was an urgent need for thematic materials that could be used to conduct classes with children of younger ages. The Zheleznovs - Sergei Stanislavovich - a teacher with a conservatory education and his daughter Ekaterina Sergeevna - a conductor by profession, music director then began to compose funny play songs themselves, develop musical exercises, as a result of which the “” method known to us all to this day was born .

2. Game to develop hearing - “Guess what it sounds like.” For this game you will need household items such as a plate, saucepan, porcelain cup and even an ordinary glass. Prepare a regular pencil. Well, that's it, we can get started! Take the pencil by the very tip - it is important not to muffle the sound, and knock on each object in turn, and let the baby watch. Next, ask the child to turn away and tap on any of the objects listed above: “come on, guess what it sounds like!”

3. Use periodic creative tasks such as Torrance creativity tests.– acts as one of the indicators of giftedness; it can characterize the personality as a whole or its individual capabilities. Paul Torrens began researching creativity in 1958; creativity was defined by him as the process of the emergence of sensitivity to a lack of knowledge - a natural process that is generated by a person’s strong need to relieve tension that arises in a situation of uncertainty. Considering creativity as a process makes it possible to identify not only the ability to create, but also the conditions that stimulate this process.

Test 1. Draw a picture. The basis of the design is an oval spot cut out of colored paper. The task is to give a name to your drawing.

Test 2. Complete the unfinished shapes and give each drawing a title.

The test aims to identify the most important indicator of creativity - originality, which determines the degree of creative thinking of the test taker. And then try to find your child a peer with the same abilities - it is very important for a child to have a friend of the same age and gender, who has not only similar interests, but also undoubtedly abilities.

4. Record your child’s performances on audio or video. Support him, praise him, encourage him.

5. Share with your baby a variety of information about music, thereby you will enrich his vocabulary with figurative words and expressions that characterize feelings. But when engaging in musical education, do not neglect general development.

6. Playing children's musical instruments. Musical toys and instruments are of great interest to children. Did you know that the initiator of this type of education was Nikolai Afanasyevich Metlov, a teacher, musical figure, one of the founders of preschool music education in our country. He developed a technique for listening to music. He also carried out work to select highly artistic instrumental and vocal works by outstanding composers of the past. It was he who emphasized the need to involve children in perceiving the expressive timbre of each instrument, firmly insisting that over time the child would develop musical responsiveness. And I invite you to fun notes (online video), where young musicians master the skills of playing the metallophone and melodica, spoons and maracas, synthesizer and triangle, learn the basics of musical notation and create a small orchestra.

Music education program for preschoolers N.A. Vetlugina

Purpose of the program- development of a child’s general musicality through his musical activity. Vetlugina identifies 4 types of activities:

music perception
performance
creation
musical and educational activities.

Certainly with the inclusion of elements of song, game and dance creativity.

The repertoire of N.A. Vetlugina’s program is based on the works of classics. This technique also involves teaching children to sing from notes.

Musical and educational games

Game requirements– its interesting and colorful design is important. Cut out bright, funny circles - notes, and sing them every single one with your baby.

Then organize Music Store game: the child is a seller, and his main task is to play the melody in his voice when selling a disc to the buyer. It depends on whether they buy the disc or ask for another one. The goal of the game is to practice the purity of sound and the transmission of nuances of performance. Such games are very captivating for children, and you playfully reveal your child’s talents.

Game "Where are my kids?"— will develop the ability to distinguish sounds of different pitches. Children will be happy to answer in a thin voice to their mother - a cat, a bird or a duck. At the same time, be sure to combine musical and didactic games with elements of dance movements.

Raise a real, sensitive, thinking Person! Wish you luck!

From time immemorial, mothers sang lullabies to their children, and it didn’t matter whether the mother had a voice, hearing, or musical education - the very essence of the mother’s melodic “purr” is important to the child, even if he does not yet understand the words, and even if he does not understand such a concept as music I haven't heard of it. However, we hear the sounds themselves even when our mother carries us under her heart, because even in the womb, babies hear people talking to them, react in one way or another to loud and unpleasant or quiet and melodic music. Based on all this, even during pregnancy, the mother needs to think about what kind of music she listens to and how it can affect the further development of the child’s personality.

At what age can a child listen to music?

We all know that for the first 1.5 weeks the baby is under the protection of nature, that is, he still hears and sees poorly, so as not to be afraid of the noise and brightness of this world. However, he perfectly feels kindness and tenderness, he enjoys gentle words and slow melodies. Therefore, a child can listen to music from the first days of his life, but the most important thing is not to overdo it.

The baby’s brain receives such a colossal amount of information every day that we need to help him assimilate it correctly. In order for a child to develop both hemispheres of the brain equally well, it is necessary to listen to music, because it is the melody that is perceived by both hemispheres, improving interhemispheric and intrahemispheric connections.

What kind of music can children play?

Music for newborns should be melodic and quiet. Children can play pleasant classics (Beethoven, Mozart, Vivaldi), modern instrumental calm music, or purchase special melodies for children, which have already been converted into ear-pleasing compositions by sound masters. Hearing melodic music, the baby immediately calms down and becomes quiet, listening to the rhythm he likes. If the music is cheerful, then the baby’s movements will be more animated, and he will begin to smile.

The more calm and melodic music a child hears from the first days of life, the more balanced he will be in the future. When you put your baby to bed, sing him lullabies or just talk to him, and play music quietly in the background - this will calm the baby down, and he will quickly fall asleep in a sweet dream. In addition, it has been proven that while listening to pleasant, calm music, digestion occurs faster and better, which is extremely important for the well-being and good sleep of our little ones.

When you choose music for your baby, avoid tunes that feature percussion instruments. They will have a zombie-like effect on the child (as well as on the psyche of an adult), so the baby can be capricious, nervous, and restless.

Remember that children also love fun, and when they are in a good mood, they like rhythmic music “for their feet”, to which they want to dance. Kids who have just learned to stand on their little legs are already trying to bend their knees to the beat of the music, or laugh loudly when they hear unusual sounds that can now be downloaded from the Internet. To rhythmic music, a child wants to move and play, and this develops a cheerful and active personality in him. Children who listen to music from childhood develop and learn about the world much faster. However, music should be varied - classical, pop, jazz, and folk music - with diversity in music, the child absorbs diversity in life and develops comprehensively.

Musical tales

In addition to just music (classical or pop), a child needs to listen to musical fairy tales, cartoons in which they sing and play musical instruments. After all, a child learns all the wisdom of life, the whole world through fairy tales, through cartoon characters - they occupy him and bring to his understanding more words than you can imagine. For example, the cartoon “How the Turtle and the Lion Cub Sang a Song” teaches a child friendship, and kids happily repeat the song about how the lion cub “lies in the sun.” No less instructive is “The Tale of Tsar Saltan,” which is easily remembered for its poems, and especially for the song of the squirrel, which “gnaws everything on nuts.” Kind songs combined with interesting fairy tales develop a responsive and pleasant personality in a child.

The influence of classical music on a child

The opinions of adults are divided into two camps - some say that classical music is too difficult for young children, while others insist that it is classical music that cultivates aesthetic taste in children. However, it doesn’t matter to children how you feel about this music - every child is intuitively drawn to one sound or another, regardless of your personal preferences. For example, many children calm down when they hear the melodies of Tchaikovsky, Beethoven, Vivaldi, but children are wary of Bach, with his organ music that is somewhat difficult to perceive, because such a deep sound causes anxiety in them.

The positive influence of classical music on children has been proven by scientists, and they say that it is a certain frequency of acoustic waves of classical works that affects the child’s pleasure centers and promotes the development of brain activity. For example, Mozart’s music makes it easier for the baby to perceive everything new and stimulates memory, so his works can be played for the baby in between educational games.

With the help of classical works, you can even correct the emotional state of the baby. So, for example, to calm a child, you can turn on works by Beethoven, Brahms, Schubert, to improve his mood, turn on Tchaikovsky, to increase activity, let the baby listen to Liszt, Mozart, Khachaturian, and to reduce feelings of uncertainty and anxiety, it is recommended to turn on the waltzes of Strauss, Rubinstein , works by Chopin.

You should not force a child to listen to classical music, because not even every adult is able to cope with 10 minutes of listening to classical music. Try to play different works for your child every day and take a closer look at how he reacts to them. Surely some will calm him down, while others, on the contrary, will encourage him to inexplicably capricious actions. After a while, you will be able to select a list of works that have the most beneficial effect on the baby.

Should I send my child to a music school?

If at least one of the child’s relatives has a good voice and hearing, then it is quite natural that the child is not deprived of musical abilities. You can verify this by sending your child to a music school. Today it is much more prestigious to teach a child English, rapid reading and writing than to learn music, but music plays an important role in the development of a child’s personality. Perhaps your child will like the choice of instrument that you offer him, or maybe he himself has his eye on a piano or violin. Children often strive to imitate their idols, and if your child’s favorite actor in some movie sits in a black tailcoat at the piano and plays a beautiful melody, then the child may become attracted to this instrument and ask you to teach him to play it.

What will a child get at a music school? First of all, it is musical literacy, aesthetic taste and the concept of beauty. Few children at an early age understand the true meaning of the works of the classics, but they try their best to convey them to listeners in their own way. The child learns to hear the subtlest changes in music, to understand its nuances and mood, and over time he will learn to hear these changes in human speech - to notice the slightest changes in the mother’s intonation or the teacher’s unnoticeable dissatisfaction. With the help of music, a child learns to communicate with people, to capture the mood of the interlocutor, his emotional state. In addition, the influence of music on a child’s development is undeniable in the development of perseverance, patience, and systematic work.

However, it would be a mistake to think that if you send your child to a music school, he will immediately become diligent and sensual. Many children don’t even last a year in music school because they are bored there, they need to learn a lot of terms they don’t understand, understand them, and repeat the same melodies at home day after day. So if your child resists such teachings, do not scold him, because not everyone grows up to be famous musicians; for many, musical education simply gives another page of variety in life, and nothing more.

Not all music is created equal

If the music for your child is chosen correctly, then you will ensure the improvement of your child’s motor coordination, short-term memory, and the formation of a good mood.

But what will happen to a child’s feelings if you play rock or other heavy music for him? Like any living plant or animal, a person reacts to heavy rock with a complete lack of understanding of what is happening. Because of the loud and gloomy performance, plants do not want to grow, cows do not want to give milk, and snowflakes turn into a real disgrace, losing their ideal symmetrical shape. People are part of nature, and the influence of heavy music on a child’s development is also detrimental, because when listening to such rock compositions, a stress hormone is released that can erase information from the brain.

How does music influence a child's personality development?

Develops a sense of musical taste;
Instills emotional responsiveness;
A child will be more happy to do physical exercises with music than without it. Rhythmic exercises accompanied by music improve coordination of movements, the child’s posture, clarity of movements and walking;
Singing to music strengthens the vocal cords, develops speech, the correct posture of the singer deepens his breathing;
Playing musical instruments, singing, and dancing develop children's attention, organization, speed of reactions, and fine motor skills of the fingers;
Children perceive musical fairy tales much easier than those simply read by their mother, since they are easier to remember. They broaden the kids' horizons;
Easily excitable children are advised to listen to calm music to balance their inner world;
Musical classes in a group lift the child’s mood; under the influence of properly selected rhythmic music, various games and activities, children learn to play and communicate with each other, the fear of “new people” goes away;
Boys and girls who have a musical education, know how to play musical instruments, sing, are less likely to end up in bad company than those children who are far from music. Music develops a disciplined and responsible personality in a child, distracts the cognitive brain from dangerous hobbies and gives him a positive, right direction in life.

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Ekaterina Spirina
The influence of music on the comprehensive development of personality

Joining music- one of the most important ways of aesthetic education of a child, because music has a particularly strong effect on feelings, and through feelings on attitudes towards surrounding phenomena. D. Shostakovich in conversation with young people said: “Love and respect the great feeling music. It opens up to us a whole world of great feelings, passions, thoughts. It will make you spiritually richer, purer, more perfect. Thanks to music you will find new, previously unknown strengths in yourself. You will see life in new tones and colors.”

Really, music brings to life still unconscious thoughts and feelings, cleanses them of everything small and accidental, strengthens a person’s dignity, his faith in his inner strengths, in his calling.

Musical art, reflecting life, affirms the moral beauty of a person, the value of friendship, fidelity to duty, and reveals the wealth of the spiritual world.

Under musical education implies the process of transmitting socio-historical experience to children musical activities in order to prepare them for upcoming work in any area of life.

In the process of transferring this experience, a system of targeted and organized influences on the child is used, shaping him personality. N. A. Vetlugina writes: “Interconnection presupposes the relationship between the objective, social, public musical environment with the subjective experience of a child introduced to music».

Our society has created the prerequisites for comprehensive development of the child’s personality through musical art.

Children feel beauty very keenly and are drawn to it. Perception of works musical art presents unlimited possibilities. In the process of systematic work, children acquire the ability to listen music, remember and recognize it, begin to enjoy it; they are imbued with the content of the work, the beauty of its form and images. In children developing interest in music, and subsequently love for her. Through musical Through images, the child learns the beauty in the surrounding reality.

Beauty of artistic form, child-friendly content musical works evoke a certain attitude towards the artistic image and through it to life, influence for the development of artistic taste.

The tasks of aesthetic education require attitude towards any piece of music, even to the simplest, as a work of art. Therefore, every song and dance should be performed by children emotionally and expressively, causing them joy. A carelessly performed song or dance loses its aesthetic value and negatively influence the process of musical development. Expressive performance makes children want to repeatedly repeat songs, dances, games, and also introduce something new into them - they contribute to development of children's creativity. In addition, a child’s knowledge of beauty music, its rich imagery, means of expressiveness introduces him to the world of beauty, evokes the need to bring music into your life. Music develops aesthetic properties child's personality.

The child's empathy for the feelings expressed in music, - the path to the formation of his morality. Addressing the child's feelings, music sometimes has a stronger effect on him than persuasion and punishment.

Domestic composers S. Prokofiev, D. Shostakovich, D. Kobalevsky, M. Krasev, V. Gerchik, M. Rauchweger, E. Tilicheeva, A. Fillipenko and many others created a gold fund musical works for children, varied in genres and themes, musical imagery.

Kobalevsky D. B.: students of primary school age have access to the highest examples of serious music. Turning to the classics is not accidental. The works, selected by time and history, touch upon the fundamental moral and aesthetic problems of life. And if we are talking about their replacement, then it should be taken into account that the most significant works require a long, so to speak, "germination", which will contribute to the ripening in the child’s soul of understanding and feeling captured in music life problems and attitudes towards them.

Musical works evoke in children a certain attitude towards social phenomena. Through their content, children learn about the life and work of their people, getting acquainted with the characters of Russian history, the concept of Motherland, i.e. music, helps to foster a sense of patriotism. In the process of communicating with music the child is required to submit to the interests of the team - coordination of actions, feelings of friendship and camaraderie are cultivated, such qualities personalities like self-control, endurance, discipline, are developing responsiveness and initiative.

Singing together musically– rhythmic movements embrace children with common experiences and require united efforts from them. The failure of one is perceived as a general failure. Example of comrades, general inspiration, joy from performing positively influence the timid, insecure children, create a fertile atmosphere for individual development. At the same time, the obvious achievements of their comrades serve as a brake for overly self-confident, spoiled children.

On musical In classes, children gain skills in cultural behavior.

Constant change in the nature of tasks, alternation various types of activities require them to quickly react, be organized, and have strong willpower.

Speaking about raising a child by means music, we must not forget that we are dealing with a growing organism. On musical lessons develop dexterity, coordination and beauty of children's movements. Under influence music movements become more precise and rhythmic. The quality of walking and running improves, and correct posture is developed. Dynamic and tempo changes in music also cause changes in movements, affecting their speed, degree of stress.

Singing improves pronunciation develops coordination of voice and hearing, strengthens the vocal apparatus - is a kind of breathing exercises. Music evokes positive emotions in children, which have a beneficial effect on their nervous system. Music influences not only on the auditory analyzer, but also on the general condition of the whole organism, the state of excitation increases or decreases due to reactions associated with changes in breathing and blood circulation. Hence, musical education promotes physical child development. And finally, music has a beneficial effect influence on their mental development. In the process of acquiring new knowledge in children thinking develops, memory, a system of concepts is formed. Direct and close connection music with the surrounding reality makes it possible to develop in children the ability to compare and contrast phenomena, and, therefore, contributes to development their cognitive interests.

Variety of content musical works determines developing curiosity, imagination, fantasies of a child. Upbringing music requires observation and intelligence. Listening to music, the child compares sounds by similarity and contrast, learns their expressive meaning, follows development of musical images, has a general understanding of the structure of the work, pays attention to the connection between the text of the song, the title of the play and the content music, determines its character. His primary aesthetic assessments are formed. In the process of creative tasks, children are involved in search activities that require mental activity: operates with sounds, combines dance movements, looks for expressive means to convey game images. Based on existing experience, children plan their course music game, the behavior of the character in the sketch. They make value judgments about their actions and the actions of their comrades.

Music is art"intonated meaning"(B.V. Asafiev, which determines the richness of emotional and semantic content musical works. Thanks to music the child awakens an idea of the sublime, the beautiful, not only in the world around him, but also in himself. Music helps children to understand the world, develops not only their artistic taste and creative imagination, but also their love of life, attention to other people, nature, interest in the peoples of their homeland and other countries. This is how a full-fledged personality, a person capable of feeling and compassion.

LITERATURE COMPLETES

1. Zimina A. N. Fundamentals musical education and development younger children age: Textbook. For students higher uchkb. establishments. – M.: Humanite. ed. VLADOS Center, 2000

2. Education and training program in kindergarten / Under. ed. M. A. Vasilyeva, V. V. Gerbova, T. S. Komarova. – M.: Publishing house "Raising a preschooler", 2004

3. Tyutyunnikova T. Program “Elementary music playing for preschoolers”/ Preschool education No. 5. 2000

4. Shkolyar L., Kadobnova I., Usacheva V. Program musical education. /Preschool education No. 6.1993

5. Aesthetic education and development preschool children age: Textbook. aid for students higher ped. textbook institutions / E. A. Dubrovskaya, T. G. Kazakova, N. N. Yurina, etc.; Ed. E. A. Dubrovskaya, S. A. Kozlova. – M.: Publishing Center "Academy", 2002

Music is the art of direct and strong emotional impact, which provides incomparable opportunities for the development of human creativity, especially in preschool age. Music is one of the art forms. Like painting, theater, poetry, it is an artistic reflection of life. Music serves mutual understanding between people, awakens and supports feelings of kinship in them, embodies social ideals, helps everyone find the meaning of life, first of all, through its amazing ability to reflect people’s experiences at different moments in life. People rejoice - this results in the solemn joyful sounds of music; a person is grieving - sad sounds help express grief. Music accompanies and influences and shapes a child’s personality throughout his life.

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“MUSIC – AS A MEANS OF COMPREHENSIVE

CHILD DEVELOPMENT"

Accompanist

Teacher

TURKINA E.E.

INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………………….3

1. MANIFESTATION OF MUSICALITY IN EARLY CHILDHOOD……5

2. THE INFLUENCE OF MUSIC ON THE MORAL CHARACTER OF A CHILD

AND HIS INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT………………………..9

3. TASKS OF MUSICAL EDUCATION, FORMATION

PERSONALITY………………………………………………………...….10

CONCLUSION………………………………………………………..12

INTRODUCTION

“The influence of music on children is beneficial, and the sooner they begin to experience it for themselves, the better for them.”

V.G. Belinsky

The influence of music cannot affect all listeners with the same force. Each child in his own way shows interest and passion for music, gives preference to any musical genre, favorite works, having a certain listening experience. Just as one learns to read, write, and draw, so one must learn to recognize, appreciate music, listen carefully, note the dynamic development of images, the clash and struggle of control themes and their completion. The listener's perception must follow the entire development of music. We must learn to comprehend this “beautiful, unique language.” Musical taste gradually develops, the need arises for constant communication with music, and artistic experiences become more subtle and varied.

In our age of the flourishing of technical means, computers, and literally fabulous miracles of technology, music has acquired an incredible sound. Music is heard on the radio, television, at concerts - listeners are of different ages: youth, children, schoolchildren, old people, adults, and music affects everyone differently, shaping a person’s personality.

Children, they are so sensitive. The child perceives the mother’s song along with her being, her image. And the voice of the mother, the melody of the lullaby remains in the memory forever. This song is melodic and soulful. Music for a child is a world of joyful experiences. In order to open the door to this world for him, it is necessary to develop his abilities, and, above all, his ear for music and emotional responsiveness. Otherwise, musical influence does not fulfill its educational functions. In very early childhood, the baby distinguishes music from the sounds and noises around him. He focuses his attention on the melody he hears, freezes for a while, listens, reacts with a smile, humming, individual movements, and exhibits a “revival complex.”

Older children are able to comprehend some connections between phenomena, make simple generalizations - determine, for example, the nature of music; name the signs by which the played play can be considered cheerful, joyful, calm or sad. They also understand the requirements: how to sing songs of different nature, how to move in a calm round dance or in an active dance. By the age of six-seven, the initial appearance of artistic taste is observed - the ability to evaluate works and their execution. And in order to learn to understand the beautiful in art and in life, it is necessary to go a long way to accumulate elementary aesthetic impressions, visual and auditory sensations, and a certain development of emotional and cognitive processes is necessary. The process of music influence is personal. The creativity of each child is unique, so close attention to the individual characteristics of children is required. Every teacher needs to take this into account.

1. The manifestation of musicality in early childhood

The great Soviet composer D.D. Shostakovich noted “In sorrow and joy, in work and in play, music is always with a person. It has entered into life so completely and enormously that it is taken for granted, like air that one breathes without thinking, without noticing... How much poorer the world would become if it were deprived of a beautiful, unique language that helps people understand each other better.” Music lovers and connoisseurs are not born, the composer emphasized, but become. These words of D. Shostakovich are about the enormous importance of instilling in a person a love for music and the ability to perceive it. And the sooner music enters a person’s life, the deeper and more precise this art will take its place in his soul. Everything that a child receives during preschool childhood largely determines what he brings to society in the future. It is during this early period of life that the foundations of various qualities and properties are laid in the formation of the child’s personality, interests and abilities. Psychologists note that most of what is acquired during this period is absorbed extremely quickly and is remembered for many years, sometimes until the end of life.

It is already known that musical abilities are revealed earlier than many other human abilities. Two main indicators of musicality - emotional responsiveness and musical ear - appear in the very first months of a child’s life. The baby is able to respond emotionally to cheerful or calm music. He concentrates, calms down if he hears the sounds of a lullaby. When a cheerful, dancing melody is heard, the expression on his face changes, his movements become more animated. Research has established that a child is able to distinguish sounds by their pitch already in the first months of his life. This fact is especially obvious among those who have become professional musicians. Mozart showed amazing abilities at the age of four: he played the organ and violin at the age of five, and created his first compositions.

The goal of the influence of music on the upbringing of children is familiarization with musical culture as a whole. The influence of music on the formation of a child’s personality and on the development of children’s creative activity is very great. Music, like any art, can influence the comprehensive development of a child’s personality, stimulate moral and aesthetic experiences, lead to a transformation of the environment, and active thinking. General musical education must meet the basic requirements: to be universal, covering all children and comprehensive, harmoniously developing all aspects of the formation of the child’s personality. Adults often ask the question: “Is it necessary to introduce a child to music if he has no clear manifestations?” Answer: positive. Conclusions about a child’s musicality can only be made after he has received correct and appropriate musical education and training. Children's musical experience is still very simple, but it can be quite varied. Almost all types of musical activities are available to children in their very basics and, with the right education, ensure the versatility of their musical and general development. Through the cultivation of an aesthetic attitude towards the surrounding life, through the development of abilities, the development of emotional empathy for the feelings and thoughts expressed in works, the child enters into the image, believes and acts in an imaginary situation. The influence of music encourages him to have a wonderful ability to rejoice for others, to worry about someone else’s fate as if it were his own. A child interacting with music develops comprehensively, the child’s physical appearance improves, and harmonious connections are established. In the process of singing, not only an ear for music develops, but also a singing voice, and, consequently, the vocal motor apparatus. Musical and rhythmic movements encourage correct posture, coordination of movements, their flexibility and plasticity. A child is able to feel the character and mood of a musical work, empathize with what he hears, show an emotional attitude, understand a musical image, notice good and bad, and thereby become involved in various types of artistic activity. Children are also able to listen, compare, and evaluate the most striking and understandable musical phenomena.

Music is perceived by the auditory receptor, affects the general condition of the child’s entire body, causes reactions associated with changes in blood circulation and breathing. V.M. Bekhterev, emphasizing this feature, proved that if you establish the mechanisms of the influence of music on the body, you can cause or weaken excitation. P.N. Anokhin, who studied the influence of major and minor incense on the state of the child’s body, concludes that the skillful use of melodic, rhythmic and other components of music helps and shapes the child’s personality during work and during rest.

Scientific data on the physiological characteristics of musical perception provide a materialistic justification for the role of music in the development of a child’s personality.

Singing develops the vocal apparatus, strengthens the vocal cords, improves the child’s speech (speech therapists use singing in the treatment of stuttering), which contributes to the development of vocal-auditory coordination. The correct posture of singing children regulates and deepens the child's breathing.

Musical-rhythmic exercises are based on the relationship between music and movement; such exercises improve the child’s posture and coordination of movements, the child develops clarity in walking and ease of running. The dynamics and tempo of a piece of music are also present during movements; accordingly, the child changes the speed, degree of tension, and directional amplitudes.

I would like to especially emphasize the role of music in everyday life. The musical education of a child’s personality is especially carried out during holidays and entertainment. Entertainment is an important means of deepening the comprehensive development and formation of the personality of preschoolers, promotes the manifestation of the positive qualities of the child’s personality, increases the interest and activity of children in everything that is offered to them, also helps to create a joyful atmosphere, contributes to the formation of positive qualities and emotions in children, expands the scope of their feelings , introduces to collective experiences, develops initiative, creative invention. Systematically conducted entertainment in kindergarten enriches the child’s life and contributes to their more complete and harmonious development.

2. The influence of music on the moral character of a child and his intellectual development

The influence of music directly affects the child’s feelings and shapes his moral character. The influence of music is sometimes stronger than persuasion or instructions. By introducing children to works of various emotional educational content, we encourage them to empathize. A song about the native land inspires a feeling of love for the Motherland. Round dances, songs, and dances of different peoples arouse interest in their customs and foster international feelings. The genre richness of the music helps to perceive heroic images and lyrical mood, cheerful humor and lively dancing. The variety of feelings that arise when perceiving music enriches children’s experiences and their spiritual world.

Solving educational problems is greatly facilitated by collective singing, dancing, and games, when children are overwhelmed by common experiences. Singing requires a united effort from the participants. Common experiences create fertile ground for individual development. Example comrades. General inspiration and joy of performance activate timid, indecisive children. For someone spoiled by attention, changing the self-confident, successful performance of other children serves as a known inhibitor of negative manifestations. Such a child can be asked to help his comrades, thereby instilling modesty and at the same time developing individual abilities. Music lessons influence the general culture of behavior of a preschooler. The alternation of various activities, types of activities (singing, listening to music, playing children's musical instruments, moving to music, etc.) requires children to have attention, intelligence, speed of reaction, organization, and the manifestation of volitional efforts: when performing a song, start on time and finish it; in dancing, games - to be able to act, obeying the music, resisting the impulsive desire to run faster, to overtake someone. All this improves inhibitory processes and influences the child’s will.

Thus, musical activity influences and creates the necessary conditions for the formation of the moral qualities of a child’s personality and lays the initial foundations for the general culture of the future person. The perception of music is closely related to mental processes, i.e. requires attention, observation, and intelligence. Children listen to the sound, compare similar and different sounds, become familiar with their expressive meaning, distinguish the characteristic semantic features of artistic images, and learn to understand the structure of the work. Answering the teacher’s questions after the piece has been played, the child makes the first generalizations and comparisons: he determines the general character of the plays.

3. Objectives of musical education, personality formation

The main task of forming a child’s personality is the comprehensive and harmonious development of the child. This task is performed by musical education. N.K. Krupskaya characterizes the importance of art in educating a child’s personality in the following way: “We must help the child, through art, become more aware of his thoughts and feelings, think more clearly and feel more deeply...” Pedagogy, based on these provisions, defines the concept of musical education and development.

Musical education of a child is the purposeful formation of a child’s personality through the influence of musical art, the formation of interests, needs, and an aesthetic attitude towards music. The musical development of a child is the result of the formation of the child’s personality in the process of active musical activity.

Objectives of music educationformation of the child’s personality are subordinated to the general goal of comprehensive and harmonious education of the child’s personality and are built taking into account the uniqueness of musical art and age characteristics. Let's list the tasks:

1. Foster a love of music. This task is solved by developing receptivity and musical ear, which help the child to more acutely feel and comprehend the content of the musical works he hears.

2. Summarize the musical impressions of children, introduce them to a variety of musical works.

3. To acquaint children with the elements of musical concepts, teach the simplest practical skills in all types of musical activities, sincerity in the performance of musical works.

4. Develop emotional responsiveness, sensory abilities, sense of rhythm, form a singing voice and expressiveness of movements.

5. Promote the emergence and initial manifestation of musical taste on the basis of received impressions and ideas about music, first forming a visual and then an evaluative attitude towards musical works.

6. Develop creative activity in all types of musical activities available to children: conveying characteristic images in games and round dances, using learned dance movements, improvising small songs, singing, developing initiative and the desire to apply learned material in everyday life, playing music, singing and dancing.

CONCLUSION

Musical education is important in the aesthetic and moral development and formation of a child’s personality. Through musicality, children become involved in cultural life and get acquainted with important social events. In the process of perceiving music, children develop cognitive interest, aesthetic taste, and broaden their horizons.

The theory and practice of music education in children's educational institutions has shown that these tasks were fulfilled under certain conditions. First of all, the process of musical education must be led by a teacher who is ideologically and professionally prepared, creative in his pedagogical quests, masters the art and loves his students.

MUSIC AND COMPLETE DEVELOPMENT OF A CHILD'S PERSONALITY

A harmonious combination of mental and physical development, moral purity and aesthetic attitude to life and art are necessary conditions for the formation of an integral personality. The achievement of this lofty goal is greatly facilitated by the correct organization of musical education of children.

Aesthetic education is aimed at developing the abilities of preschool children to perceive, feel and understand the beautiful, to notice the good and the bad, to act creatively independently, thereby becoming involved in various types of artistic activities.

One of the brightest means of aesthetic education is music. In order for it to fulfill this important function, it is necessary to develop the child’s general musicality. What are the main signs of musicality?

The first sign of musicality – ability to sense character the mood of a piece of music, empathize with what is heard, show an emotional attitude, understand the musical image.

The second sign of musicality – ability to listen compare and evaluate the most striking and understandable musical phenomena.

The third sign of musicality – manifestation of a creative attitude towards music. Listening to it, the child imagines the artistic image in his own way, conveying it in singing, playing, and dancing.

With the development of general musicality, children develop an emotional attitude towards music, their hearing improves, and their creative imagination is born.

Music, directly influencing a child’s feelings, shapes him moral character. The influence of music is sometimes stronger than persuasion or instructions. The genre richness of the music helps to perceive heroic images and lyrical mood, cheerful humor and playful dance melodies. The variety of feelings that arise when perceiving music enriches children’s experiences and their spiritual world.

The solution of educational problems is facilitated by collective singing, dancing, and games, when children are overwhelmed by a common experience. Music lessons influence the general culture of behavior of a preschooler. The alternation of various tasks and activities (singing, listening to music, playing children's musical instruments, moving to music) requires children's attention, intelligence, speed of reaction, organization, and strong-willed efforts. All this improves inhibitory processes and develops will.

Thus, musical activity creates the necessary conditions for the formation of the moral qualities of a child’s personality and lays the initial foundations for the general culture of the future person.

The perception of music is closely related with mental processes, i.e. requires attention, observation, and intelligence. Children listen to the sound, compare similar and different sounds, become familiar with their expressive meaning, note the characteristic semantic features of artistic images, and learn to understand the structure of the work. Like other types of art, music has educational value, activates perception and presentation, awakens fantasy and imagination, makes you think and create.

Music perceived by the auditory receptor affects the general condition of the entire human body, causing reactions associated with changes in blood circulation and breathing. V. M. Bekhterev, emphasizing this feature, proved that if you establish the mechanisms of the influence of music on the body, you can cause or weaken excitation. Skillful use of the melodic and rhythmic components of music helps a person during work and rest.

Singing develops the vocal apparatus, strengthens the vocal cords, improves speech (speech therapists use singing in the treatment of stuttering), and promotes the development of vocal-auditory coordination. The correct posture of singers regulates and deepens breathing. Rhythmic classes, based on the relationship between music and movement, improve the child’s posture, coordination, and develop clarity in walking and ease of running.

Music lessons contribute to the overall development of a child’s personality. The relationship between all aspects of education develops in the process of various types and forms of musical activity. Emotional responsiveness and a developed ear for music will allow children to respond to good feelings and actions in accessible forms, help to activate mental activity and, constantly improving movements, will develop preschoolers physically.