Instructions

The term “karate” first appeared at the beginning of the 20th century in China and was translated as “Chinese hand.” Over time, the hand became “empty,” and the word “karate” itself began to mean “emptiness” and was filled with a certain Buddhist meaning and Zen philosophy.

As a martial art, karate originated in Okinawa. It is the largest island in the Japanese Ryukyu archipelago. There are stories that karate arose as a result of the fierce struggle of Japanese patriots against the invaders. It is unknown how true these legends are, but it is absolutely true that at first karate was a secret martial art. In 1905, karate was introduced into the education program for elementary schoolchildren in Okinawa. As a result, it began to lose the features of wrestling and became more and more like paramilitary gymnastics.

Gradually, karate developed as a university karate. Students often did not want to spend time learning basic exercises and preferred a quick learning option. This led to the fact that already in the 40s of the last century, official karate began to differ greatly from its Okinawan original.

Nowadays there are a huge number of styles and directions in karate; comparing their advantages is an absolutely thankless task. The main thing to remember is that all types of karate are divided into contact and non-contact. Contact styles of karate: Koushi, Ashihara, Kudo and Kyokushinkai involve hard sparring. In non-contact ones, such as Seto-kan, Shito-ryu, Goju-ryu, the blow is not delivered, but only indicated.

There is a separate discipline in karate, which could be called “rhythmic gymnastics for the brutal.” This is the performance of “kata” or solo compositions, a kind of analogue of “shadow boxing”. Competitions are also held in this discipline, and they are of the highest level.

Karate classes are very democratic. The main thing is to find a good coach. Lessons in the gym must be supplemented with independent exercises. Even sparring partners are not necessary for training.

Karate has a traditional ranking system. The first 10 ranks are called “kyu” and are designated by belts from white to brown. Then come 10 dans - these are master degrees, their holders wear a black belt.

But the clothes for karate training are not called “kimono” at all. Kimono is translated from Japanese as “robe” or “clothing”. The correct sports attire is called “karate-gi”.

Karate classes can be started at any age. Thanks to them, you can develop the elasticity of ligaments and muscles. The reaction will become lightning fast, and your nerves will become steel. At the same time, a large number of different swings performed by the legs can improve blood microcirculation in the pelvic organs. This, in turn, leads to improved potency and reproductive function in both men and women.

Karate, like any martial arts, is not just a sport or the ability to fight. First of all, it is a certain way of life, spiritual state and moral principles. It is believed that a person with bad thoughts cannot become a real karateka.

This dictionary is offered to the attention of those who are already engaged in gojuryu karate and those who are just thinking about devoting themselves to this martial art. Since this is just the beginning of a lot of work, some terms may be missing, so please be patient and understanding. In order not to clutter this dictionary, it does not contain descriptions of techniques and stances that are impossible to master without an instructor.

The meaning of the most commonly used terms in Gojuryu Karate

• Bunkai- means “division into components” and is used when explaining the performance of a kata.
• Vazaari- “reception completed.” Non-contact karate refers to the use of this term to evaluate a successful technique.
• Gojuryu (gojuryu)- a karate style that combines “hardness” and “softness”. “GO” is hard, ju (ju) is soft, “ryu” is a movement or type of martial art.
• Gyaku- different, other, opposite. Karate strikes can be divided using this term, for example, gyaku jodan tsuki is a jodan tsuki technique that is performed in the left stance, but with the right hand.
• Dojo- a room or building for training.
• Ippon- the highest rating for a cleanly performed reception.
• Yoi- “readiness and attention.” In different schools this term corresponds to different techniques.
• Kata- a set of exercises that can have different levels of difficulty.
• Kiai- an expression meaning "gathering energy together." For the student, this means that he must strike with the cry of “Os”, and not, as in action films, “kiya”. The cry of "Wasp" must correspond to one blow.
• Kime- means “full display”. Without the use of this indicator, technically correct execution of a technique is not karate, but rather ballet. But kime is the most important indicator of a fighter’s art.
• Kihon- “basic” or “basic”.
• Kyu- in addition to the color of the belts, your level is determined by the additional concept “ kyu«. Kyu and belts are related as follows: White belt – 10 kyu. Yellow belt – 9th and 8th kyu. Blue belt – 7,6,5 kyu. Brown belt – 4,3,2,1 kyu. That is, brown belt, 1 kyu is the oldest of the colored belts.

An example of using this system is during a lesson the instructor says: “The white belt is doing this exercise. Yellow belts so and so. 7th and 6th kyu - such a movement. 5 kyu and above – such and such.”

Commands that require immediate execution

• Mawatte- this command means “Turn”. Russian karate allows the use of the Russian sound of this command.
• Mokuso- means that the student must close his eyes.
• Oi- “hand following the foot”, which is used to denote techniques of the same name - the right hand in the right stance, for example.
• Ray- means a requirement from the student that he bow.
• Tate- in this way the command “Stand up” is transmitted.
• Hajime- in this way the “Start” command is transmitted.
• Hikite- this word means that after delivering a blow, it is necessary to sharply withdraw the part of the body that delivers the blow after it is executed.
• Yame- “Stop” or “Cease.” This word cancels the previous command.

Why do you still need a dictionary of terms for beginners?

In the training room, commands are often heard in the language of the country in which the martial art of karate was born. A real instructor tries to explain the rules of the reception in this language. And the very sound of commands in the native language of martial art, even in our training halls, disciplines everyone who has just begun to study Gojuryu karate. In many ways, after all, success in comprehending all the secrets of hand-to-hand combat depends not so much on technique, but on “full training” (Kime), devoting all physical and spiritual strength to training and self-education. The proposed course allows you to tune in to a certain rhythm of both training and life. The ability to subordinate your body and thoughts to the main goal is developed in training halls, by unconditionally following the commands of instructors, the meaning of which you need to know.

The history of Korean martial arts goes back about two thousand years. It began in the era of the Three States (I-VII centuries). At that time, there were three kingdoms on the Korean Peninsula: Goguryeo, Silla and Baekje. Each of them was famous for its combat training system. The Chinese tradition had a strong influence on the development and formation of martial arts. It is no coincidence that the term “kwonball” is used to denote the entire complex of Korean martial arts, which is similar to the Chinese “quanfa”, translated into Russian as “fist fighting”.

Taekwondo.

Nowadays, there are three taekwondo federations: ITF, WTF and GTF. ITF and GTF differ little from each other in technique and are closest to the intention of the creator of taekwondo, Choi Hong Hi. But the type of taekwondo that today is becoming an Olympic sport is precisely the WTF. Sadly, the founder of this martial art will have to adjust his brainchild to his enemy and competitor - the WTF, otherwise there will be neither fame nor money. We will try to briefly tell you what it is, this is WTF Taekwondo.

Advantages:

1. Taekwondo is distinguished by its simplicity of techniques and their small number. The exercise system has been worked out to the smallest detail. The movements are structured in such a way that the instructor is able to control one hundred or more people at the same time. Taekwondo is a system developed for the army, and the creators managed to achieve what they wanted.

2. Taekwondo, thanks to a large number of jumps and kicks, develops coordination of movements, the vestibular system, as well as the musculoskeletal system.

3. This is a contact fight, blows are applied to all parts of the body and to the head. The duel, like a real fight, does not stop after a successfully delivered blow.

4. In competitions, the complexity of techniques is taken into account, which is an incentive for the development of athletes and fighting techniques.

Flaws:

1. For the sake of entertainment, taekwondo techniques are greatly simplified. In sports competitions, only those techniques are permissible that do not pose a danger to the opponent, and are ineffective in real combat.

2. In sports taekwondo, kicks to the legs, sweeps and reflective blows to the opponent’s kicking legs are prohibited; all blows are applied only to the upper level. That is, the most effective strikes are prohibited.

3. In competitions, kicks, jumps and turns receive more value than punches. This leads to the degradation of the technique, turning it from a martial art into a kind of dance with jumps and pirouettes, and the simplest punch is ignored. The blocks are not studied at all, as they do not give points in the competition. Thus, even a taekwondo champion will be beaten in a street fight.

4. Knockouts in taekwondo are extremely rare, and more like an accident. And again, the culprit is the pursuit of points. Five weak blows are rated higher than one concentrated one.

5. In current taekwondo, techniques for working with weapons and techniques for fighting with several opponents are not considered. Considering all of the above, this system can only be spoken of as a sport, but not as a martial art.

Conclusion.

Taekwondo is a sport. Like any martial art, it is beautiful, impressive, but completely useless with its harmless techniques against an experienced fighter, limited tactics and behind-the-scenes fuss. If you want to gain fighting skills, it is better to take up boxing, and today's taekwondo is more reminiscent of figure skating than a martial art.

Karate VUKO.

This form of non-contact karate is taught in the traditions of four main schools: Shotokan, Goju-ryu, Shito-ryu and Wado-ryu. In our country, this is one of the oldest martial arts. You can think of sambo and judo, but they belong to sports disciplines. Karate initially had different foundations: a hobby for oneself and the virtuoso art of fighting. The first karatekas worked their fists to the blisters and believed that they could kill with one blow. True, competitions and boxers dissuaded them of this. According to the rules of karate competitions, it is forbidden to bring blows to the target. That is, if the blow takes place, the athlete will be disqualified. It got to the point of absurdity when the winners in competitions were smart athletes who knew how to expose themselves to blows in time. That is, the one who struck was removed from the competition, and the victim was recognized as the winner. How this was supposed to end is probably clear to everyone. Of the entire arsenal of punches, only straight ones remained, and with kicks - side, arc and straight. There is no need to talk about the blocks at all; they did not survive. And only fans remember about the movements. Therefore, in mixed competitions in which representatives of different styles took part, the karateka was predictable, he could be stopped, and simply punched in the face, which is what boxers, sambo wrestlers and others did. But non-contact karate also has its advantages.

Advantages.

1. These karatekas study kata, honing the culture of movements. Let the sensei keep the meaning of these movements under seal, but an enthusiastic athlete can still get to the bottom of it himself, and therefore restore this martial art for himself in its original form.

2. The ability to beat an opponent is not considered a virtue; it follows from this that neither boxers, nor freestyle wrestlers, nor sambo wrestlers will win medals at karate competitions. And this cannot but rejoice.

3. Karate schools place emphasis on physical training with a pronounced focus. After attending a karate school, you can easily practice any martial art, since you have already received the necessary basics.

4. Karate continues to rightfully be considered a martial art; it is constantly developing and maintaining its popularity.

Flaws:

1. Complete disregard for self-defense techniques. There are no throws characteristic of wado-ryu, counter blocks characteristic of goju-ryu, or grabs from the Shokotan technique. Where did the weapon fighting techniques go? After all, all this is in karate, but for some reason it is not studied. Real fighting techniques are prohibited in competitions, throws too, blocks are not taken into account at all.

2. A lot of literature has been published on karate, but the recommendations are scarce and boil down to studying the notorious “vertical position of the body,” which makes it impossible to effectively strike and invest force in it, as well as to evade the enemy’s attack.

3. The need to hold the body upright can lead to problems in the lumbar and thoracic spine. And goju-ryu exercises aimed at straining the muscles of the anus and pelvis will ultimately lead to the development of hemorrhoids.

4. The rules of the competition and the principle of one hit, which hits on the spot, have negated the ability of karatekas to hit in series and the battle tactics are more reminiscent of fencing: touch and bounce. Karatekas are not only unable to cause damage to their opponents, but they themselves are not protected from serial blows.

Conclusion:

Non-contact karate is a good sport, but primarily for learning kata. Therefore, it is better to find an individual trainer and practice only kata with him, practicing the movements until they become automatic. If you do this thoughtfully, you can discover many hidden possibilities in karate.

Contact karate.

Kyokushinkai can be considered the beginning of contact karate, and to this day it has not gone beyond the boundaries of this school. It seems strange that the contact strike did not diversify the technique, but even destroyed the remnants of any tactics. To win, an athlete needs to have a barrel chest and iron thighs, then he can not pay attention to the enemy’s direct blows, his low kicks aimed at the middle of the chest. Karatekas are not taught side punches, using elbows is prohibited, and below the belt is generally unacceptable. Kicks to the opponent's head are effective only at fist range. Jumps and all sorts of tricks, like kata, can only be found in demonstration performances; for other purposes it is not necessary to know them. Therefore, if your health allows you and you have successfully studied the “active chiseling” technique, then the title of champion is guaranteed to you. Daido-juku is just the ability of Kyokushinites to hit an opponent in the face, and Ashihara karate is to teach them how to fight. However, these add-ons do not take root with the equipment, since they do not fit into the usual battle pattern. That's why they continue to strike in the middle of the chest and kick the opponent with low kicks in order to at least somehow use the leg technique. And who wins in this case? Right! Dumb and fat. But, nevertheless, contact karate also has advantages.

Advantages:

This type of martial arts promotes constant and systematic hardening of the body. With proper and serious training, a karateka can withstand almost any blow to the body without harm to health. This is important, since there are no people who cannot be hit. The only difference is that some fall after being hit, while others can fight back. So, the second ones are just contact karatekas.

Hapkido.

The following features of the martial art of hapkido can be distinguished.

1. All the Korean martial arts that we mentioned above have a common base - hapkido, they have the same arsenal of techniques, they differ only in details and but also in the order of learning techniques. For example, the Kuk-sul school is more focused on punches and head strikes, Hwarang-do is more focused on short stick fighting techniques, and Hwejong-musul is more focused on complex and varied leg techniques. But Kuk-sul, which does not identify itself with hapkido, is considered to be closest to the old canons.

2. Current masters of hapkido and similar styles rely on demonstration performances. Their income consists of seminars, educational films, and classes with students. Many federations have abandoned sparring altogether. Therefore, certification in them is very simplified. There are cases when high honorary dans are assigned to persons who hold large government positions or have sufficient amounts of money, but who have no idea about martial arts. That is, Korean martial arts in our time are mostly commercial in orientation.

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Life requires movement

Aristotle

About school

In the learning process, we try to use all the experience accumulated over centuries through the efforts of great masters, to take the best. Do not limit yourself to the framework of a specific sport, limited by rules and prohibitions. Sport in its pure form leads to the emasculation of the meaning of martial ART, the loss of its understanding.

The Chinese say: “Wushu is all life.” The competitive process can only take a short period of time on your Path. Our goal is to raise physically strong and morally healthy members of our society.

During the training process, we carefully observe and correct the students, taking into account the physical fitness and age of each person. There is no fuss and race for results that has become familiar to our daily lives. I repeat once again: the main goal is HEALTH!!! (in all aspects of understanding this word).

We teach not only certain self-defense skills, but also communication and rules of behavior in society.

The training process affects all functions of a person’s mental and physical activity. Develops intelligence, memory, concentration, as well as body coordination, flexibility, joint mobility and ligament strength. With systematic exercise, the body's resistance to disease increases and the possibility of injury decreases. Adults and children become more physically and emotionally stable and recover faster.

We have developed educational games especially for children.

Classes are usually taught by two instructors, which allows for more detailed and effective training.

The first lesson is free for children! Waiting for you!

CLUB LEADERS:

School - like the very concept of the term in karate,
wushu - This is not just one master, even the best.
A Master is just a MASTER.
School is about preserving traditions,
continuity of generations and further development.

Lao Tzu, VI - V centuries. BC e.

Kyokushin karate

Masutatsu Oyama (1923-1994) - founder of Kyokushin karate, 10th dan

Japanese of Korean origin was born on July 27, 1923 in Korea, in the city of Gimje. Subsequently, this ambitious young man took the pseudonym Masutatsu Oyama, which means “multiplying his achievements like a high mountain.”

The style he created, as opposed to non-contact Japanese karate, he called “Kyokushinkai” - the society of absolute truth (full contact karate). A distinctive feature of Kyokushin karate is physical and strength training. At the dawn of the formation of his school, Oyama and his students trained in full contact, that is, they practiced punches to the head and groin, used grabs and throws.

As a child, when Oyama lived in Manchuria, he began studying with Sumomo san. Then he trained with the founder of Shotokan karate, Gichin Funakoshi, then with the Korean master So Neityuya and then with the goju ryu master Gogen Yamaguchi.

Inspired by the example of the great swordsman Yamaoka Tesshu (1836–1888), who fought 100 fights without a break with bamboo swords against constantly changing opponents, Kancho introduced the same test in his school (hyakunin kumite). There is no such test in other karate schools. In 1965, only 16 people passed it (the results of 6 of them are questioned for one reason or another).

During Oyama’s lifetime, Hideyuki Ashihara left the school and created his own direction, “Ashihara Karate,” the main principle of which is leaving the line of attack (tai sabaki) and allowing holds. After the death of Masutatsu Oyama, Kyokushin split into several organizations. Oyama said that karate, as a living organism, must continue to develop.

Another interesting direction in karate, created by another native of Kyokushin Takashi Azuma, is “Kudo”. According to the competition rules in kudo, a protective helmet began to be used, and almost all fighting techniques were allowed, including punches, kicks, knees, elbows and head strikes.

Masutatsu Oyama turned out to be not only a good organizer, but also an excellent propagandist. According to some data, about 12 million people in more than 130 countries are currently practicing this style of karate in the world.