Irregular verbs starting with b with translation. Past tense in English

The past tense in English is divided into 4 parts:

Past Simple, Past Perfect, Past Continuous

Past Perfect Continuous

The Past Simple and Past Perfect are most often used in spoken and written English. The Past Continuous is used less frequently, and the Past Perfect Continuous is used very rarely, even among native speakers.

Past Simple

(simple past tense) is the second most difficult among English tenses after Present simple (simple present tense). The simple past tense is easily formed in English and is mainly used with verbs that describe a completed action in the past.

Examples of sentences in the simple past tense:

I heard the word she said“I heard the word she said.” Last night I played my guitar loudly and the neighbors couldn’t pass by– Last night I played my guitar loudly and my neighbors couldn’t pass by. You didn't fill out the form– You didn’t fill out the form. I learned a new verb yesterday– Yesterday I learned a new verb. Angela bought a baking dish– Angela bought a baking dish. I managed to pass the test– I managed to pass the test. I didn't want to go to the dentist– I didn’t want to go to the dentist. She didn't have enough time“She didn’t have enough time.” You didn't pass the test-You didn't pass the test. He didn't come to my party- He didn't come to my party. Did they arrive on time?– Did they arrive on time? Did she like the surprise?– Did she like surprises? I got myself in shape– I got myself into shape. This verb was difficult to me– This verb was difficult for me. What did you do yesterday?- What did you do yesterday? She couldn't go to the house“She couldn’t get to the house.”

English verbs in tense

Past Perfect

(past perfect) also describe an event in the past and differ from verbs in the simple past tense in that the action in the past perfect ended before another action, also in the past. The sequence of these actions is conveyed not by the sequence of verbs in a sentence, but by the use of different tense forms. This tense is also often used in English in conditional sentences.

Examples of sentences in the past perfect tense:

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I had finished my English lesson, when she opened the door I had finished my English lesson when she opened the door. It had snowed in the night, so the bus didn’t arrive“It snowed at night, so the bus didn’t come.” The film had started before we went into the hall– The film started before we entered the hall. If I had known you were ill, I would have visited you– If I had known that you were sick, I would have visited you. She would have passed the exam if she had studied harder“She would have passed the exam if she had studied harder for it.” I wish I hadn’t gone to bed so late!“I wish I didn’t have to go to bed so early!” When I entered the room yesterday, my father had already cooked dinner– When I went into the room yesterday, my father had already prepared dinner. I didn’t want to go to the movies with my friends because I had seen the film already– I didn’t want to go to the cinema with my friends because I had already seen this film before. My friend offered me an apple in class yesterday, but I wasn’t hungry because I had just eaten lunch– My friend offered me an apple in class yesterday, but I wasn’t hungry because I had just had lunch by that time. As soon as she had done her homework, she went to bed As soon as she finished her homework, she went to bed. I was very tired as I hadn’t slept well for several days– I was very tired because I hadn’t gotten enough sleep for several days. Had you seen the film before?– Have you seen this film before? Before I came here, I had spoken to Jack“Before I came here, I talked to Jack. If I had seen him, I would have talked to him– If I saw him, I would talk to him. James had cooked breakfast when we got up James prepared breakfast when we woke up.

Verbs in the form

Past Continuous

(past continuous tense) in English describe actions or events that began in the past and lasted for some time in the past before being interrupted. This tense is also often used to denote actions that occurred constantly or periodically in the past.

Examples of sentences in the past continuous tense:

He was always trying to go to the basement“He kept trying to get into the basement. She was constantly singing– She sang constantly. While she was preparing dinner, he was washing the dishes— When she was preparing dinner, he washed the dishes. I was having breakfast, when she asked me how to get to the store“I was having breakfast when she asked me how to get to the store.” They were learning English verbs when she walked into the room– They were learning English verbs when she entered the room. I was not expecting such a foolish behavior from him“I didn’t expect such stupid behavior from him.” The snake was not running towards you– The snake did not crawl towards you. The kids were not playing with the toys– The children did not play with toys. Were they going to their college?– Did they go to their college? While Kenneth was cleaning the living room, Sam was learning new verbs– While Kenneth was cleaning the room, Sam was learning new verbs. Was she walking in the street?– Was she walking down the street? What were you doing at 10pm last night?– What were you doing yesterday at ten o’clock in the evening? What were you doing when he arrived?-What were you doing when they came? She was cooking when I telephoned her“She was cooking when I called her.” We were having dinner when it started to rain— We were having dinner when it started to rain. Pam went home early because it was snowing Pam came home early because it was snowing. I was learning English verbs when he came– I was learning English verbs when he came.

English time

Past Perfect Continuous

(past perfect continuous tense) is in many ways similar to the Past continuous - in both forms the verbs describe an action that began, continued and ended in the past. The difference between tenses is that the past perfect continuous focuses not on the action itself, but on its duration.

Compare two sentences:

I was working when he came“I was working when he came.” I had been working for 3 hours when he came“I had already been working for three hours when he came.”

In the first case, the speaker was working at the moment when someone arrived. And in the second case, the emphasis is on the duration of the action, that is, on the fact that by that time it had been working for some time.

More examples of sentences in the past perfect continuous tense:

Had you been waiting long before they gave you the form?– Did you wait long before they gave you the uniform? We had been trying to open the door for five minutes when Jane found her key“We tried to open the door for five minutes before Jane found the key.” It had been raining hard for several hours and the streets were very wet– It rained heavily for several hours and the streets were very wet. Her friends had been thinking of calling the police when she walked in“Her friends were thinking of calling the police when she came in.” John was very tired. He had been running– John was very tired. He was running. I could smell cigarettes. Somebody had been smoking– I smelled cigarettes. Someone was smoking. Suddenly, my car broke down. I was not surprised. It had not been running well for a long time— Unexpectedly, my car broke down. I wasn't surprised. She hasn't been driving well lately. Had the pilot been drinking before the crash?– Was the pilot drinking before the accident? They had not been filling out this form since 2003“They haven’t filled out this form since 2003.” Kid had not been drinking milk for five months– The child has not drunk milk for five months. You had not been reading this book for ten months– You haven’t read this book for ten months. Had she been waiting for her husband for one year?– She waited for her husband for a whole year? Had he been eating vegetable for seven months?– He ate vegetables for seven months? Had you been wearing your sports uniform for two years?– Have you worn your sports uniform for two years?

Video about past tense in English:

Find out how well you know the past tense in English!

Hello friends! The Past Simple is used to denote an action that occurred at a specific time in the past and the time for which has already expired.

To clarify the moment of an action in the past when using the Past Simple tense, words such as five days ago (five days ago), last year (last year), yesterday (yesterday), in 1980 (in 1980), etc. P.

When we use Past Simple

We use the simple past tense when we say:

1. About events or actions that occurred in the past and the time for which has expired. That is, the action or event is complete. (he bought a car last year, they went on vacation last month, the meeting was last week)

2. About events or actions in the past that were repeated regularly, but are not happening now. (she danced at school, we went to the gym last year)

3. About events in the past that happened one after another. (they met, walked in the park, went to the cinema)

• My brother was born in 1987. - My brother was born in 1987.
• She moved to the capital 7 years ago. - She moved to the capital seven years ago.
• We saw him last month. - We saw him last month.
• The Second World War began in 1939. - The Second World War began in 1939.

How is the past simple formed?

Statement

In order to form the Past Simple, we add an ending to the verb -ed, if the verb is correct (work – worked, learn – learned, ask – asked). If the verb is irregular, then we look for the form for Past Simple in the second column of the table. Most likely, at first it will be difficult for you to immediately determine which verb is in front of you.

Past Continuous - long past tense in English

Time Past Continuous indicates a process that lasted at a certain moment or period in the past. Unlike the Past Simple tense, this moment in the past must be named directly (for example, yesterday at 5 o’clock, when you called, when rain started) or be obvious from the context.

• When you called I was taking a shower.
  I was taking a shower when you called.
• Charlie and me were already driving home when the engine suddenly stopped.
  Charlie and I were already driving home when the engine suddenly stopped.

Using the Past Continuous

1. An action that occurred at a certain moment in the past. Since this moment is still expressed in a long time, it is possible to indicate the period.

• From six to seven I was cooking dinner.

The same action can be expressed both through the Past Continuous and the Past Simple. It depends on whether you want to emphasize the duration of the action or not. Usually, when there is such a choice, choosing a long tense puts more emphasis on the action being performed.

What did you do last night? — I played cards(more like a fact) or I was playing cards(sharpening attention).

2. An action against the background of which another action occurred, which must be expressed in the Past Simple. The past simple is usually inserted into a sentence using the conjunctions when and and.

• He was walking home (background action) when someone called his name.
• She was reading a book and suddenly came across an interesting phrase.

3. Actions that occupy a certain period of time in the past.

• He told me that he was working at his diploma.

4. Negative evaluative characteristics of a person’s constant actions or behavior in emotionally charged speech. Such sentences usually use adverbs of frequency such as always, constantly, all the time.

• He was always lying on the sofa and doing nothing.
• His parents were quarrelling all the time.

5. To express two parallel actions occurring at a certain moment in the past. None of the parallel actions of the sentence is background to the others.

• The boy was reading, and the girl was playing the piano.

6. There are verbs in the present continuous tense ( look, feel, understand etc.), which usually do not have a long-lasting form. The same rule applies to these verbs in the past continuous tense.

To express strong emotions or to emphasize the importance of an action, these verbs can take a continuous form.

• He couldn’t believe in what he was seeing and hearing.

In all types of continuous tense it is possible to use several semantic verbs with one linking verb with one subject

• She was driving her car and talking on the phone.

How is the Past Continuous formed?

Statement

The predicate in the Past Continuous consists of an auxiliary verb and a main verb. In order to form the Past Continuous, we need the past tense forms to be – was, were. Was is used in the singular, were in the plural. From the main verb we remove the particle to and add the ending -ing.

Affirmative sentences:

Negative Suggestions:

Past Perfect and Past Perfect Continuous

Perfect and perfect continuous past tenses in English.

Time Past Perfect denotes an action that was completed before a certain point in the past. The Past Perfect is characterized by the use of adverbs already, yet, ever, never, as for Present Perfect. These adverbs show which action happened earlier, which means for which action the Past Perfect must be used.

• By the time Mary got to the office, her boss had already left.
• By the time Mary arrived at the office, her boss had already left.

Using the Past Perfect

1. The action happened before a certain time in the past

• By 1995, he had become a famous artist.
• By 1995 he had become a famous artist.(That is, he became a famous artist at a certain time in the past.)

2. The action occurred before another time (event) in the past

• I didn’t want to go to the cinema yesterday, because I had already seen the film.
• I didn’t want to go to the cinema yesterday because I had already seen this film.(That is, I had seen this film before, until yesterday.)

Statement

The predicate in the Past Perfect consists of two parts: the auxiliary verb had and the third form of the main verb (we add the ending -ed to the regular verb, and take the irregular form from the third column of the table of irregular verbs).

Past Perfect Continuous - past perfect continuous tense

Time Past Perfect Continuous indicates an action that began in the past, continued for some time, and either ended just before some point in the past or was still unfinished at some point in the past.

• When Jane came home, Martin was very tired, because he had been working hard all day.
• When Jane came home, Martin was very tired because he had worked hard all day.

Using the Past Perfect Continuous

1. The action took place before a certain time in the past

• When it was 3:00 p.m. I had been waiting for Bob for two hours.
• When it was 3 pm, I had been waiting for Bob for two hours.(That is, by the time it was 3 o'clock in the afternoon, this moment was in the past; I had already waited two hours.)

2. The action occurred before another action (event) in the past

• Yesterday we had been playing for two hours when Tom arrived.
• Yesterday, when Tom arrived, we had already been playing for two hours.

Formation Past Perfect Continuous

In order to put a verb in the Past Perfect Continuous tense, you need the auxiliary verb to be in the Past Perfect tense and the present participle (V-ing form) of the semantic verb.

To be in time Past Perfect has a single form had been.

Affirmative sentences:

Negative Suggestions:

When you leave a page without liking it, there is one cat in the world who is sad.

Simple past tense in English

Verbs in the past tense in English have 4 forms. They are used in relation to actions that differ in dynamics and moment of commission.

Description of past tense forms

Native English speakers distinguish past actions by duration, completion, and other characteristics. To talk about what happened or has happened up to now they use:

• Past Simple (Simple Past Tense) – reports regular or one-time actions. The key words are: yesterday (yesterday), last week (last week), a year ago (a year ago). The rule for forming the Past Simple involves adding the ending -ed to the stem of the verb, that is, the second form: play-played (play), watch-watched (watch, observe), stop-stopped (stop). Negative and interrogative sentences require the auxiliary verb did. In this case, the semantic one is put back into its original form.

I didn't watch this match. – I didn’t watch this match.

Did you watch this match? – Did you watch this match?

In all tenses of the Past group, verbs are divided into regular and irregular. The latter form 2 forms, changing in various ways. They are considered exceptions that need to be remembered: see-saw (see), put-put (put), find-found (find).

• Past Continuous – describes a process that occurred at a certain time in the past. To form this form, the 2nd form of the verb to be – was/were and a semantic verb with the ending -ing are required.

I was doing exercises at 7 a.m. – I did exercises at 7 am.

A moment in the past can be indicated not only by exact time, but also by another single action.

She was listening to the radio when she saw a cat in the street. – She was listening to the radio when she saw a cat on the street. (was listeting – process, saw – one-time action)

• Past Perfect (Past Complete) – expresses an action that has ended at the time of speaking, when the result is important. This tense is formed from 2 components: the 2nd form of the verb to have – had and the past participle of the semantic verb.

I had passed my exams by the 1st of June. – I passed my exams by June 1st.

• Past Perfect Continuous (Simple Complete Long Tense) - a description of a continuous action that began before another event in the past and was still happening at the time of speaking. To form this form, 3 components are required: had + been + semantic verb ending -ing.

Jane had been knitting for an hour when I called her. Jane had been knitting for an hour when I called her.

Table of past tense verbs in English

To better understand the mechanism of formation of sentences with different purposes in the past tense, you can look at the diagram with examples.

How is it formed past tense in English ? How to use regular and irregular verbs? How do you determine whether a verb is regular or irregular?
So, let's look at each category of verbs separately:

Regular verbs(Regular verbs) are a special group of English verbs that easily form the past tense by adding suffix-ed to the infinitive (the usual form of the verb). Here are some examples of such verbs:
talk - talked (talk - spoke)
jump - jumped (jump - jumped)
check - checked (check - checked)
look - looked (look - looked)
stay - stayed (stop - stopped)
ask - asked (ask - asked)
show -showed (show - showed)
work - worked (work - worked)
Regular verbs ending in -ed do not change for person or number. Let's look at the example of the verb walk (walk, stroll):
I walked - I walked
you walked - you walked / You walked
he walked - he walked
she walked - she walked
it walked - he/she walked/walked (inanimate)
we walked - we walked
they walked - they walked

I. There are some spelling rules when adding the ending -ed.
1. So, for example, if the verb is already ends with a letter - e, then only -d is added to it. For example:

change - changed (change - changed)
arrive - arrived (arrive - arrived)

2. If the verb ends with a letter - y, then the ending, with rare exceptions, changes to -ied. For example:
study - studied (teach - taught)
tidy - tidied (clean - cleaned)
try - tried (try - tried)

Exception verbs make up: play - played (play), stay - stayed (stop), enjoy - enjoyed (enjoy).

3. In some short verbs (1 syllable) when adding the ending -ed The consonant is doubled. This rule applies to verbs that ends with one vowel and one consonant. For example:
stop - stopped (stop - stopped)

II. Regarding regular English verbs, there are also several reading rules.
1. So, for example, in verbs, ending in a voiceless consonant(f, k, p, t), the ending -ed is read softly, like /t/. For example:
walk ed /wɔ:kt/
look ed /lukt/
jump ed /dʒʌmpt/
ask ed /a:skt/

2. In verbs, ending for voiced and all other sounds, the ending -ed is read loudly, like /d/. For example:
play ed /pleid/
show ed /ʃəud/
arrived /ə"raivd/
chang ed /tʃeindʒd/

3. Pronunciation verb endings-ed changes slightly when verbs end with sounds/t/ or /d/. Then the ending is pronounced /id/. For example:
decid ed /di"saidid/
wait ed /"weitid /
land ed /"lændid /
fad ed/"feidid/

Now let's look at the regular verbs in affirmative sentences. Here are some examples:

She walked towards the river. - She walked towards the river.
They changed their mind. - They changed their decision.
The woman carried a heavy bag. - The woman was carrying a heavy bag.
The plane landed near the village. - The plane landed near the village.
The car stopped next to my house. - The car stopped next to my house.
Children played hide-and-seek. - The children played hide and seek.
We stayed at my grandmother's. - We stayed with my grandmother.
I looked around but there was noone. - I looked around, but there was no one there.

As can be seen from the examples, the place of subjects and verbs in affirmative sentences is fixed, and the remaining members of the sentences can be used depending on the context. When reading the examples, pay attention to the spelling of regular verbs and their pronunciation.

In contrast to regular verbs, English also has a number of irregular verbs, which do not obey the rule of adding the ending -ed, but are formed completely unexpectedly and in different ways. For example:
find - found (find - found)

take - took (take - took)
sleep - slept (sleep - slept)
get - got (receive - received)
give - gave (give - gave)
buy - bought (buy - bought)
catch - caught (catch - caught)
lose - lost (lose - lost) and many others.

The simple past tense uses verbs from the second column (Past Simple).
In affirmative sentences, irregular verbs are used in the same way as regular ones. The order of the sentence is fixed: Subject - Predicate - Object - Adverbial modifier. Let's look at examples:

He lost his key a day ago. - He lost his key a day ago.
I gave her a birthday present. - I gave her a present for her birthday.

To form negative and interrogative sentences with regular and irregular verbs (except to be and modal verbs), the auxiliary verb did must be used.
So, for example, in interrogative sentences comes first auxiliary did, then the subject and verb, but in its original form (infinitive), since the auxiliary verb did takes on the function of the past tense.
Let's look at a few examples:

Her watch stopped working. - Her watch stopped working.
Did her watch stop working? - Has her watch stopped working?

He caught a big fish. - He caught a big fish.
Did he catch a big fish? - Did he catch a big fish?

His father called him yesterday. - His father called him yesterday.
Did his father call him yesterday? - Did his father call him yesterday?

As can be seen from the examples, the auxiliary verb did does not change in persons or numbers, such as the verbs do and does, was and were. Also, these questions belong to the category of general ones, and require short answers, which, unlike Russian “yes” and “no,” depend largely on the question itself and the auxiliary verb.
Let's take a closer look:
Did you leave early last night? -Yes, I did. -No, I didn't. -Did you leave early last night? -Yes. -No.
Did they like the cake? -Yes, they did. -No, they didn't. - Did they like the cake? - Yes. - No.
Did their children break the remote control? -Yes, they did. -No, they didn't. -Did their children break the remote control? -Yes. -No.

Special questions with regular and irregular verbs are formed in the same order as common ones, but with the addition question word at the beginning. For example:

Where did you find the map? - Where did you find the map?
Who did you invite to the party? -Who did you invite to the party?
What did she cook fro dinner? - What did she cook for dinner?

Negative sentences with regular and irregular verbs are also formed using the auxiliary verb did, and the negative particle "not". The main verbs in such sentences remain in their original form, i.e. in the infinitive. Let's look at examples:

He didn't want us to go. - He wanted us to leave.
He didn't (did not) want us to go. - He didn't want us to leave.

They enjoyed the concert. - They liked the concert.
They didn't enjoy the concert. - They didn't like the concert.

My friend paid the fine. - My friend paid the fine.
My friend didn't pay the fine. - My friend did not pay the fine.

It broke after all. - And yet it broke.
It didn't break after all. - And yet it didn't break.

As can be seen from the examples, the word did can be combined with the particle not, and then the abbreviated form is obtained - didn't.

Here you can take a lesson on the topic: Simple past tense in English. Regular and irregular verbs. Past Simple. Regular and Irregular verbs.

In this lesson we will get acquainted with regular and irregular verbs in English and how to use them in sentences simple past tense. It is these verbs that in most cases are part of the past tense.

To express thoughts in the past, the English often use the verbs was and were. Well, what if the main action is expressed by another verb, for example, swim, or play? In such cases, knowledge of regular and irregular English verbs is required. We will look at each category of verbs separately:

Regular verbs Regular verbs are a special group of English verbs that easily form the past tense by adding the suffix -ed to the infinitive (the regular form of the verb). Here are some examples of such verbs:

talk - talked (talk - spoke)
jump - jumped (jump - jumped)
check - checked (check - checked)
look - looked (look - looked)
stay - stayed (stop - stopped)
ask - asked (ask - asked)
show -showed (show - showed)
work - worked (work - worked)

Regular verbs ending in -ed do not change for person or number. Let's look at the example of the verb walk (walk, stroll):

I walked - I walked
you walked - you walked / You walked
he walked - he walked
she walked - she walked
it walked - he/she walked/walked (inanimate)
we walked - we walked
they walked - they walked

I. There are some spelling rules when adding the ending -ed.

1. So, for example, if the verb is already ends with a letter-e , then only -d is added to it. For example:

Change - changed (change - changed)
arrive - arrived (arrive - arrived)
smoke - smoked (smoking - smoked)

2. If the verb ends with the letter -y, then the ending, with rare exceptions, changes to -ied. For example:

study - studied (teach - taught)
tidy - tidied (clean - cleaned)
try - tried (try - tried)

The exceptions are the verbs: play - played (play), stay - remained (stop), enjoy - enjoyed (enjoy).

3. In some short verbs(in 1 syllable) by adding the ending -ed The consonant is doubled. This rule applies to verbs that ends with one vowel and one consonant letters. For example:

stop - stop ped (stop - stopped)
rob - rob bed (rob - robbed)

II. Regarding regular English verbs, there are also several reading rules.

1. So, for example, in verbs, ending in a voiceless consonant(f, k, p, t), the ending -ed is read softly, like /t/. For example:

walk ed /wɔ:kt/
look ed /lukt/
jump ed /dʒʌmpt/
ask ed /a:skt/

2. In verbs, ending in voiced and all other sounds, the ending -ed is pronounced voiced, like /d/. For example:

play ed /pleid/
show ed /ʃəud/
arrived /ə"raivd/
chang ed /tʃeindʒd/

3. The pronunciation of the verb ending -ed changes slightly when the verbs end with the sounds /t/ or /d/. Then the ending is pronounced /id/. For example:

decid ed /di"saidid/
wait ed /"weitid /
land ed /"lændid /
fad ed/"feidid/

Now let's look at the regular verbs in affirmative sentences. Here are some examples:

Miriam waited for Adam for several hours. - Miriam waited for Adam for several hours.
She walked towards the river. - She walked towards the river.
They changed their mind. - They changed their decision.
The woman carried a heavy bag. - The woman was carrying a heavy bag.
When I arrived the party was over. - When I arrived, the party was over.
The plane landed near the village. - The plane landed near the village.
The car stopped next to my house. - The car stopped next to my house.
Children played hide-and-seek. - The children played hide and seek.
We stayed at my grandmother's. - We stayed with my grandmother.
I looked around but there was noone. - I looked around, but there was no one there.
He studied German at school. - He studied German at school.

As can be seen from the examples, the place of subjects and verbs in affirmative sentences is fixed, and the remaining members of the sentences can be used depending on the context. When reading the examples, pay attention to the spelling of regular verbs and their pronunciation.

In contrast to regular verbs, English also has a number of irregular verbs, which do not obey the rule of adding the ending -ed, but are formed completely unexpectedly and in different ways. For example:

find - found (find - found)
take - took (take - took)
sleep - slept (sleep - slept)
fight - fought (fight - fought)
get - got (receive - received)
give - gave (give - gave)
buy - bought (buy - bought)
catch - caught (catch - caught)
lose - lost (lose - lost) and many others.

Here you can find the complete
The simple past tense uses verbs from the second column (Past Simple).

In affirmative sentences, irregular verbs are used in the same way as regular ones. The order of the sentence is fixed: Subject - Predicate - Object - Adverbial modifier. Let's look at examples:

He lost his key a day ago. - He lost his key a day ago.
Simon took my phone number yesterday. - Simon took my phone number yesterday.
I gave her a birthday present. - I gave her a present for her birthday.
They slept for eight hours last night. - They slept eight hours last night.

To form negative and interrogative sentences with regular and irregular verbs (except to be and modal verbs), the auxiliary verb did must be used.

So, for example, in interrogative sentences comes first auxiliary verb did, then the subject and verb, but in its original form (infinitive), since the auxiliary verb did takes on the function of the past tense. Let's look at a few examples:

(+) Her watch stopped working. - Her watch stopped working.
(?) Did her watch stop working? - Has her watch stopped working?

(+) He caught a big fish. - He caught a big fish.
(?) Did he catch a big fish? - Did he catch a big fish?

(+) They played cards in the evening. - They played cards in the evening.
(?) Did they play cards in the evening? - Did they play cards in the evening?

(+) Mr.Right found a purse with money. - Mr. Wright found a wallet with money.
(?) Did Mr.Right find a purse money? - Did Mr. Wright find a wallet with money?

(+) His father called him yesterday. - His father called him yesterday.
(?) Did his father call him yesterday? - Did his father call him yesterday?

As can be seen from the examples, the auxiliary verb did does not change in persons or numbers, such as the verbs do and does, was and were. Also, these questions belong to the general category, and require short answers, which, unlike Russian “yes” and “no,” depend largely on the question itself and the auxiliary verb. Let's take a closer look:

Did you leave early last night? -Yes, I did. -No, I didn't. -Did you leave early last night? -Yes. -No.
Did they like the cake? -Yes, they did. -No, they didn't. - Did they like the cake? - Yes. - No.
Did their children break the remote control? -Yes, they did. -No, they didn't." -Did their children break the remote control? -Yes. -No.

Special questions with regular and irregular verbs are formed in the same order as common ones, but with the addition question word at the beginning. For example:

Where did you find the map? - Where did you find the map?
Why did they call us last night? - Why did they call us last night?
Who did you invite to the party? -Who did you invite to the party?
What did she cook fro dinner? - What did she cook for dinner?

Negative sentences with regular and irregular verbs are also formed using the auxiliary verb did, and the negative particle "not". The main verbs in such sentences remain in their original form, i.e. in the infinitive. Let's look at examples:

(+) He didn’t want us to go. - He wanted us to leave.
(-) He didn't (did not) want us to go. - He didn't want us to leave.

(+) They enjoyed the concert. - They liked the concert.
(-) They didn’t enjoy the concert. - They didn’t like the concert.

(+) Albert promised me something. - Albert promised me something.
(-) Albert didn’t promise me anything. - Albert didn’t promise me anything.

(+) My friend paid t he fine. - My friend paid the fine.
(-) My friend didn't pay the fine. - My friend did not pay the fine.

(+) It broke after all. - And yet it broke.
(-) It didn’t break after all. - And yet it didn’t break.

As can be seen from the examples, the word did can be combined with the particle not, and then the abbreviated form is obtained - didn't.

Thus, we examined regular and irregular verbs in English, and also became familiar with their use in affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences. The category of regular verbs does not require targeted memorization, but it is recommended to learn irregular verbs several times a day and try to use them in your sentences.