The Rijksmuseum is a national art museum located on Museum Square in the city of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. It is one of the main attractions of the city. It was founded in The Hague in 1800, but by order of the King of Holland Louis Bonaparte (brother of Napoleon I Bonaparte) in 1808 it was transported to Amsterdam. The museum exhibits 8 thousand objects of art and history, including famous paintings Jan Wermer, Frans Hals, Rembrandt and his students. The main place in the exhibition is given to one of the most famous paintings in the world - “ The night Watch» Rembrandt. It also contains a small Asian collection.
New York Museum contemporary art- an art museum founded in 1929. Located in Midtown Manhattan in New York City. Many people consider the museum's collection to be the world's best collection of modern masterpieces. Western art- the museum has more than 150,000 individual works, as well as 22,000 films, 4 million photographs, 300,000 copies of books and periodicals, 70,000 artist files. The collection includes works without which it is impossible to imagine the art of the 20th century - “ Starlight Night"Van Gogh, "Dance" by Henri Matisse, "Les Demoiselles d'Avignon" by Picasso, "The Persistence of Memory" by Salvador Dali, "Bird in Space" by Constantin Brâncuşi. It is one of New York's top attractions and welcomes 2.67 million visitors annually.
The Smithsonian Institution is a complex of museums and research centers located primarily in Washington, DC, USA. It was founded in 1846 by the will of the English chemist and mineralogist James Smithson, who bequeathed his fortune to the “increase and dissemination of knowledge.” The Smithsonian Institution includes 19 museums, a zoological park and 9 research centers, containing more than 140 million objects (art, artifacts and specimens).
At number seven on the list best museums World Museum of Natural History is located. It is one of three major museums located in South Kensington, London. Its collection includes more than 70 million artifacts, sorted into 5 main sections: botany, entomology, mineralogy, paleontology and zoology. It is best known for its collections of dinosaur skeletons, in particular the famous Diplodocus skeleton (26 meters long) in the central hall, as well as an interesting mechanical model of a Tyrannosaurus rex.
The Prado is an art museum and gallery located in Madrid, the capital of Spain. With over 1.8 million visitors a year, the museum is one of the most visited tourist sites in Madrid. It was founded in 1819. Its collection currently includes about 7,600 paintings, 1,000 sculptures, 4,800 prints, as well as about 8,000 other works of art and historical documents. Here is one of the best and most complete collections of paintings in the world by European masters of the period XVI-XIX, such as Bosch, Velazquez, Goya, Murillo, Zurbaran, El Greco and others.
The Uffizi Gallery is a world famous art gallery located in Florence, near Piazza della Signoria, Italy. It is one of the oldest museums in Europe, as well as one of the largest and most important museums in Europe. visual arts. Hundreds of masterpieces by such masters as Giotto, Botticelli, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Giorgione, Titian, Fra Filippo Lippi and many others are presented here. The collection is dominated by paintings from the Italian and Flemish schools. There is also a gallery of self-portraits famous artists(1600 works) and ancient sculptures.
The State Hermitage Museum is one of the world's largest art and cultural-historical museums, located in St. Petersburg, Russia. It was founded in 1764 by Catherine II the Great and opened to the public in 1852. The total area of the museum is 127,478 m². The collections occupy a large complex of six historical buildings located along the Palace Embankment. The Hermitage holds more than 2.7 million works of art different eras, countries and peoples representing world culture several thousand years. It also contains the most large collection paintings in the world. About 4 million people visit the museum every year.
The British Museum is the main historical and archaeological museum of Great Britain, located in Bloomsbury, London. It was founded in 1753, from the collection of the physician and scientist Sir Hans Sloane, and opened to the public on January 15, 1759. Its permanent collection contains approximately 8 million items that document cultural history humanity from ancient times to the present day, including numerous drawings, engravings, medals, coins and books from different eras. The extensive ethnographic collections of the British Museum contain monuments from Africa, America, Oceania, etc. The most famous exhibits are: Egyptian mummies, sculptures from the Athens Parthenon, the Rosetta Stone, the Portland Vase, the Sutton Hoo treasure and many others.
The Louvre is an art museum, the main attraction of the city, located in the very center of Paris on the right bank of the Seine. It is one of the largest and most visited museums in the world (9.26 million visitors in 2014). It was opened on August 10, 1793. It is a complex of buildings with a total area of 60,600 square meters, which displays 35 thousand works of art from ancient times to mid-19th century. All exhibits are divided into eight categories: Ancient Egypt, Ancient Near East, Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, Islamic art, Sculpture, Painting, Crafts, Drawing and graphics. In total, the Louvre collection contains about 300,000 exhibits.
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"Threatening Weather", René Magritte, 1929
Louvre (Paris)
“Liberty Leading the People” (La Liberté guidant le peuple) or “Freedom on the Barricades”, Eugene Delacroix.
The Louvre is one of the oldest and largest art museums in the world. Like many national museums, it began with royal collection. The collection was actively replenished by patrons of art from war trophies and works confiscated during the revolution.
Today, about 300 thousand exhibits are stored here. 35 thousand of them are presented in the online gallery. The most famous are “La Gioconda” by Leonardo da Vinci, “The Beautiful Gardener” by Raphael, “The Lacemaker” by John Vermeer, sculptures of the Venus de Milo and the Nike of Samothrace.
Prado Museum (Madrid)
Triptych "Garden" earthly pleasures», Hieronymus Bosch, 1490-1500.
Prado Museum del Prado) is one of the largest and most visited art museums in the world. His collection contains the most full meetings Bosch, Velazquez, Goya, Murillo, Zurbaran and El Greco. The total number of exhibits is about 30 thousand.
Photos of more than 11 thousand works stored in the museum have been published on the Internet. For easy navigation, there is a division by topic: nudes and saints, socialist realism and mythology. In addition, an alphabetical index with the names of artists is available. The “Masterpieces” selection will not let you miss the most important thing.
New York Museum of Modern Art
"Three Musicians" Pablo Picasso. Fontainebleau, summer (1921).
The Museum of Modern Art in Manhattan in New York (Museum of Modern Art, abbreviated as MoMA) is one of the first and most representative museums of modern art in the world. It is one of the three most visited museums in the United States and one of the twenty most visited art museums in the world.
MoMA has posted 65,000 digitized paintings online, dating from 1850 to the present. In total, the museum’s collection contains over 200 thousand works by 10 thousand artists. The online collection can be searched by specific painting, by the name of the artist, and by specified filters.
Rijksmuseum (Amsterdam)
"The Night Watch, or the Performance of the Rifle Company of Captain Frans Banning Cock and Lieutenant Willem van Ruytenburg." Rembrandt Van Rijn.
You don’t have to come to Amsterdam to wander the halls of the famous Rijksmuseum. The updated interiors of the 19th century building and the 200 thousand masterpieces housed there can be found on the Google Arts & Culture project. Make the gallery closer allow smartphone and Google app Cardboard, available for Android and iOS.
Along with the main collection of the Rijksmuseum, the digital recording includes five new exhibitions dedicated to the jeweler Jan Lutma, the artists Jan Steen, Jan Vermeer, Rembrandt van Rijn and, separately, the monumental painting “The Night Watch”, the pride of the museum.
Solomon Guggenheim Museum (New York)
Next to Jas de Bouffan (Environs du Jas de Bouffan). Paul Cezanne.
The permanent collection of the Guggenheim contains more than 7 thousand works. About 1,700 of them have been digitized. Each artist’s page on the museum’s website contains a voluminous overview of his work; many exhibits are supplemented by comments from art historians. The online archive covers the period from late XIX centuries to the present day. There are works by Paul Cezanne and Paul Klee, Pablo Picasso, Camille Pissarro, Edouard Manet, Claude Monet, Bauhaus school teachers Laszlo Moholy-Nagy, Wassily Kandinsky and many other modern classics. There is a search and an alphabetical index of the authors of all works in the collection.
Getty Museum (Los Angeles)
Haystacks, snow effect, morning. Claude Monet.
The Getty Museum is the largest art museum in California and the West Coast of the United States. It was founded by oil tycoon Jean Paul Getty, who at the time of his death was the richest man in the world. Thanks to the billions bequeathed, the museum has become the most active buyer of works by the “old masters” and antique sculpture at international auctions.
Now you can create your own selections of your favorite paintings, select exhibits to illustrate art history education, post them on social networks, or even just “stick” to electronic library Museum, looking at magnificent paintings in every detail.
Hermitage (St. Petersburg)
Annunciation. Filippino Lippi, Italy, mid-1490s.
Russia's largest museum occupies five buildings housing more than 3 million works of art.
The museum arose as a private collection of Catherine II and, thanks to the empress, acquired a collection of works by outstanding Flemish, Dutch, Italian and French artists. The archive of digitized works of the Hermitage is divided into topics, working convenient search, it is possible to create your own collection and view the collections of other users. On the “In Focus” section page, you can study the exhibits in detail, read detailed information about them and watch videos with expert comments.
British Museum (London)
Large gold buckle; early Anglo-Saxon period, early 7th century; burial mound necropolis of Sutton Hoo.
The main historical and archaeological museum of Great Britain and one of the largest museums in the world, the second most visited among art museums after the Louvre, has posted more than 3.5 million exhibits online.
The colonial expansion of the British Empire contributed to the rapid expansion of the collection of the country's main and first public national museum in the world. WITH mid-18th century century, it managed to collect more than 8 million exhibits: from ancient Greek bas-reliefs to Hirst prints. It is here that the Rosetta Stone, thanks to which it was possible to decipher ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs, is kept, the largest collection of Chinese porcelain in the West, and the richest collection of engravings and paintings of the Renaissance. The British Museum's online collection is also one of the largest in the world, with more than 3.5 million items on its website. An advanced search is available by date of creation, technique of execution and a dozen more parameters.
Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York)
Group of thirteen “beheaded” soldiers / author unknown (1910)
Metropolitan Museum of Art ( Metropolitan Museum of Fine Arts, New York City's largest art museum in the United States and one of the most celebrated museums in the world, has made publicly available a collection of nearly 400,000 high-resolution digitized works of art and vintage photographs.
Anyone can look at the most interesting retro photos from the museum collection. The images are not licensed for commercial use, but you can download the frame you like for your own needs, for example, to place it in a frame.
Vincent Van Gogh Museum (Amsterdam)
The Van Gogh Museum has made available online 1,800 posters, books and drawings from its collection. The management of the art institution published the works due to the fact that they do not fit into the permanent collection, which is why for a long time remained inaccessible to the general public.
It doesn’t matter whether young boys and girls are traveling full of energy or measured, wise people more mature age, wherever the tourist goes to aristocratic Europe, majestic Russia, ancient Africa or young America, everywhere along the route there will be famous museums of the world.
Museums of Europe
Formerly a palace, the Louvre has fascinating architecture, but is first and foremost an art museum for the world. Initially, the Louvre had only 2,500 paintings, while now its collection has exceeded 6,000 paintings. Rembrandt, da Vinci, Rubens, Titian, Poussin, David, Enger, Delacroix, Reni, Caravaggio and this is only a small part of the famous artists whose paintings are stored in the famous museum of Europe. In addition to painting, the Louvre owns an excellent collection of sculptures, furniture, jewelry and utensils from different times and eras, and also shows tourists unique interiors famous historical figures. All this allows the Louvre to bear the title of the most famous museum in Europe.
The British Museum in London is included in any list of famous museums in the world. Not only is he on the list ancient museums world, but offers to get acquainted with exhibits collected on seven continents and having more than one thousand years of history. Here are kept the relics of ancient Egypt, objects applied arts France of the 17th century, the Rosetta Stone, sculptures of Greece, Anglo-Saxon manuscripts and even the famous stones from Easter Island.
Among the famous museums of the world, the Vatican Museum occupies a worthy place, standing out from the rest not only for its religiosity, but also for its 22 separate collections of masterpieces. Having examined the Sistine Chapel, St. Peter's Basilica, Raphael's apartments, Vatican Pinakothek, it is impossible to remain indifferent. Non-religious people, representatives of scientific views, will be able to admire the collection of geographical maps exhibited here.
Also among the museums of Europe worthy of attention:
1. Uffizi Gallery in Florence, which owns the most incredible collection paintings and sculptures of the world;
2. State Museum in Amsterdam, housing Rembrandt's masterpiece "The Night Watch";
3. The Prado Museum in Madrid, which has an amazing collection of Spanish art;
4. Dresden Art Gallery, which survived the bombing of World War II.
Museums of Russia
All art museums the world bows before the collection of paintings presented in the Hermitage, which is rightfully recognized as the largest in number. The founder of the collection of paintings was Catherine II, and today it numbers approximately 60 thousand paintings. With more than three million exhibits and seven separate buildings, it is not surprising that the Hermitage has taken its rightful place among the most famous museums in the world. Canvases, gems, archaeological finds from different eras, pieces of furniture Tsarist Russia, personal belongings Russian Tsars- the number of exhibits is amazingly diverse.
You can't visit Moscow without visiting the State Tretyakov Gallery. famous museum Russia, which will first of all introduce you to art school Russian masters. These are paintings by Vrubel, Shishkin, Perov, Malevich. The museum exhibits paintings covering classical schools iconography and bold avant-garde. Tretyakov Gallery houses the largest collection of fine art of the Russian nation, it numbers 57 thousand works.
Museums of Africa and America
Egyptian culture is not only one of the most ancient, but also mysterious in the world, so it is not surprising that the Egyptian Museum in Cairo is on the list of the most visited, and therefore famous museums peace. Here is the most complete collection of masterpieces and archaeological finds Egyptian culture approximately 120 thousand exhibits. In this museum you can find objects with a history of five thousand years, admire the wealth Ancient Egypt, see with your own eyes the mummy of Pharaoh Ramses II the Great.
The history of the existence of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York began with the desire of businessmen to involve ordinary Americans to the heritage of world art, because it was private collections that formed the basis of the museum’s exhibits. Initially, the museum was positioned as an art museum, however, today it occupies a worthy place among art museums in the world. Exhibits of ancient cultures, as well as art objects, are exhibited here. modern masters. It is worth noting that the Metropolitan Museum of Art is the most famous art museum in the United States of America.
But how can you visit these museums without spending all your savings? There is an exit!. Additionally, we can collect information about attractions and countries around the world in order to create the optimal travel route.
220 years ago, in November 1793, the most visited and one of the largest art museums in the world, the Louvre, opened to the general public. In honor of this event, we talk about him and other most popular museums peace.
1. Louvre, France.
This central landmark of Paris, located on the right bank of the Seine River, is visited annually by about 9.5 million people. Before becoming a museum, the Louvre was a fortress and palace of French kings. However, during French Revolution National constituent Assembly decided that the Louvre would be used as a museum where national masterpieces would be exhibited.
Thus, in 1793 the museum was opened to the general public with a collection of 537 paintings. Under Napoleon, the Louvre was renamed the Musée Napoleon, and its art collection was expanded. However, subsequently the collection was steadily replenished. And in 1989, the palace acquired an unusual architectural element - a glass pyramid, which today is the main entrance to the museum. It was designed by an architect Chinese origin Yo Ming Pei.
The appearance of this pyramid in front of a medieval building shocked many people and caused stormy criticism, however, despite this, the pyramid was destined to become part of the architectural ensemble of the Louvre and one of the symbols of Paris. Today the museum's collection consists of more than 350 thousand objects and works of art that were created in the period from ancient times to the first half of the 19th century. The main attractions of the Louvre are the painting “Mona Lisa” by Leonardo da Vinci, as well as the sculptures “Venus de Milo” and “Nike of Samothrace”.
Sculpture "Nike of Samothrace". Photo by: Thomas Ulrich.
2. Metropolitan Museum of Art, USA.
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, located in New York City, is the largest art museum in the United States with the largest collection of art in the world. About 6 million visitors visit it annually.
Metropolitan Museum of Art. Photo by: Arad Mojtahedi.
The Metropolitan Museum of Art was founded in 1870 by a group of American citizens. Among them were entrepreneurs and financiers, as well as leading artists and thinkers of the time, who wanted to open a museum to introduce art to the American people. The museum opened on February 20, 1872 and today occupies about 190 thousand m².
The museum's main building, located on the eastern edge of Central Park, is one of the world's largest art galleries, while a smaller building in Upper Manhattan houses medieval art. The permanent collection of the museum contains works of art that were created in the period from antiquity to the present day. There you can see paintings and sculptures by almost all European masters, such as Botticelli, Rembrandt, Degas, Rodin and others, as well as get acquainted with an extensive collection of modern art.
The Metropolitan Museum of Art is home to the collections musical instruments, ancient costumes, accessories and weapons collected from all over the world. By the way, one of the museum’s many impressive masterpieces is the copper engraving “Adam and Eve” by Albrecht Durer.
Engraving "Adam and Eve".
3. British Museum, UK.
This museum is located in London, and it is dedicated to the history and culture of mankind. Its permanent collection, numbering about 8 million items, is one of the largest and most comprehensive. About 5.5 million people visit the museum every year. Entry to this museum is free.
The British Museum was created in 1753 and was formed primarily from the collections of its founder, the physician and scientist Hans Sloane. The museum opened to the public on 15 January 1759 at Montagu House, an aristocratic mansion located in London's Bloomsbury district, where it remains today.
The UK's largest museum houses archaeological and ethnographic collections that number more than eight million objects. And the museum's Egyptian Gallery boasts the world's second-best collection of Egyptian antiquities, including, for example, the Rosetta Stone with an inscription of gratitude carved on it in 196 BC. The Egyptian priests addressed this inscription to Ptolemy V Epiphanes, a monarch from the Ptolemaic dynasty.
4. Tate Modern, UK.
This gallery is located in London and is the most popular contemporary art gallery in the world ,
since about 5.3 million people visit it every year.
Tate Modern is a former power station on the south bank of the River Thames in Battersea, which was built between 1947 and 1963. Today the gallery building in its own way appearance still resembles a 20th century factory, both outside and inside. So when you walk into the gallery space, you are greeted by dark gray walls, steel beams and concrete floors. The collections at Tate Modern consist of works of modern art created between 1900 and the present day. The gallery building has 7 floors, numbered from 0 to 6. Moreover, each floor is divided into 4 wings, which correspond to certain themes or subjects.
For example, in 2012, exhibits on the following topics. The "Poetry and Dreams" wing is dedicated to surrealism, "Structure and Clarity" focuses on abstract art, the Transformed Vision wing is dedicated to expressionism, while Energy and Process focuses on the artistic movement of Arte Povera and features works by artists such as Alighiero Boetti, Jannis Kounellis, Kazimir Malevich, Ana Mendieta and Mario Merz.
5. London National Gallery, UK.
It is located in Trafalgar Square and is visited by about 5 million people annually.
Unlike other major museums in continental Europe, the National Gallery was not formed through nationalization, that is, the transfer of the royal art collection to the state. It came about when the British government bought 38 paintings in 1824 from the heirs of John Angerstein, an insurance broker and patron of the arts. Since this acquisition, the gallery has been replenished only by its directors, in particular the artist Charles Eastlake, and by private donations, which make up two-thirds of the collection. Today the gallery is owned by the UK public and is therefore free to enter. The London National Gallery used to have a permanent exhibition, but today it is constantly changing.
6. Vatican Museums.
Presented in the Vatican Museums huge collection exhibits collected by the Roman Catholic Church over several centuries. About 5 million people visit museums every year.
The Vatican Museums house 22 separate art collections. And, perhaps, the most famous of them is kept in the Pius Clement Museum, where magnificent classical sculptures are presented. The Pinacoteca de Brera (art gallery) houses medieval and Renaissance masterpieces. In Gregorian Egyptian Museum Ancient Egyptian exhibits are kept, and the Gregorian Etruscan Museum contains numerous items of Etruscan everyday life. But, of course, the main attractions of the Vatican Museums are The Sistine Chapel, painted by Michelangelo, and dances by Raphael.
Stanzas of Raphael.
7. Imperial Palace Museum, Taiwan.
This one is national museums The Republic of China has a permanent collection of approximately 696,000 ancient Chinese artifacts and works of art. The collection tells the story of more than 8,000 years Chinese history from the Neolithic to the end of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1912). Most of the collection was formed by the emperors of China.
The Imperial Palace Museum is located in the Taiwanese capital of Taipei and is visited by approximately 4.4 million people annually. The main attractions of the museum are painting and calligraphy, as well as rare books, the number of which in the museum reaches 200 thousand volumes.
8. National Gallery of Art, USA.
Located in Washington, D.C., this gallery attracts approximately 4.2 million visitors annually. It was founded in 1937 by decision of the US Congress. A large collection of art objects, as well as funds for the construction of the gallery, was donated by the American banker and billionaire Andrew William Mellon.
Paintings, drawings, engravings, photographs, sculptures, medals, and decorative arts tell gallery visitors about the development of Western art from the Middle Ages to the present day. In the National Gallery of Art you can see the only painting by Leonardo da Vinci in America, as well as the world's largest mobile ( kinetic sculpture), ever created by the American sculptor Alexander Calder.
Portrait of Ginevra de Benci.
9. Center Pompidou, France. The National Center for Art and Culture named after Georges Pompidou is Cultural Center in the Beaubourg quarter of the 4th arrondissement of Paris, built in high-tech style. About 3.8 million people visit the Pompidou Center every year.
The center is named after Georges Pompidou, the president who served from 1969 to 1974. He ordered the construction of this cultural center. The Pompidou Center officially opened on January 31, 1977. Today it houses a huge public library, State Museum of Modern Art, which is largest museum contemporary art in Europe, and the Institute for Research and Coordination of Acoustics and Music (IRCAM). Interestingly, according to the architect’s design, Alexander Calder’s mobile, whose height is 7.62 meters, was installed in front of the center building.
10. Orsay Museum, France.
This museum, located on the left bank of the Seine River in Paris, is visited by about 3.6 million people annually.
It was created in a former railway station built in the Beaux Arts style (eclectic style) between 1898 and 1900. By 1939, the station's short platforms became unsuitable for the large trains that were then emerging, so the station was used only for commuter trains. Subsequently, the railway station was used only as a location for filming films, such as, for example, “The Trial” by Orson Welles, based on the novel of the same name by Franz Kafka.
Main hall of the Orsay Museum. Photo by: Benh Lieu Song.
And in 1970, it was decided to demolish the station, but Jacques Duhamel, Minister of Cultural Affairs, was against this, and the station joined the list historical monuments France. A few years later, a proposal was made to make a museum in the station building. And finally, in July 1986, the museum was ready to receive exhibits. Another 6 months passed, and in December 1986 the doors of the museum opened to receive visitors.
Today the museum exhibits mainly French art dating from 1848 to 1915. It houses the largest collection of Impressionist and Post-Impressionist works in the world, including artists such as Monet, Manet, Degas, Renoir, Cezanne and Van Gogh.
The Louvre is a former royal palace, architectural monument and museum in the historical center of Paris. Since 1791, it has been transformed into a museum, which houses the richest collection of exhibits in Europe: from ancient and ancient Roman to late Western European works of art. The Louvre art gallery is especially rich in rare exhibits, which were constantly replenished by the collections of monasteries, private individuals, as well as numerous trophies of Napoleonic campaigns. → Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, USA) The Metropolitan Museum of Art has the world's richest works of painting and sculpture. The pride of the museum is its art gallery. Among the brilliant masterpieces of painting are paintings by Rubens, Velazquez, Titian, Monet, Renoir, Van Gogh and others. The photography department presents works by Walker Evans, Diane Arbus, Alfred Stieglitz. Each year the museum publishes an "Annual Report" which lists new acquisitions. → London National Gallery (UK) London's National Gallery is one of the world's best collections of Western European and English painting. Here are masterpieces by Rembrandt, Michelangelo, Botticelli, Leonardo da Vinci. By exhibiting royal portraits, the art gallery presents works of only the most famous masters of the 12th - 19th centuries. → National Gallery of Art (Washington, USA) The National Gallery of Art is an art museum located in Washington, DC (USA). The collection contains approximately one thousand two hundred paintings, where works by masters from Italy, France and America are most widely represented. In addition, it contains the best collection of paintings in the world. Italian Renaissance, paintings of the Dutch and Spanish Baroque. The US government donated twenty thousand drawings and watercolors to the gallery that depict the history of development folk art and crafts of America. → Ambrosiana Art Gallery (Milan, Italy) The Ambrosiana Art Gallery was created in the early 17th century by Cardinal Federico Borromean, cousin of St. Carla. The basis of the gallery was a collection of paintings that already belonged to the Borromean family. How a true connoisseur of beauty and a great connoisseur of painting, the cardinal conceived a grandiose project, which was embodied in a whole complex of cultural objects: the Pinakothek itself, the Ambrosian Library, which opened in 1609, and the Academy of Drawing, where young artists of the Counter-Reformation times comprehended the secrets of fine art. → Brera Art Gallery (Milan, Italy) The Brera Art Gallery (Pinacoteca di Brera) is an art gallery founded in 1809 by Napoleon Bonaparte. Contains a large number of works of art "confiscated" from churches and monasteries throughout Europe. The works date from the 15th to the 20th centuries, and include paintings by such artists as Raphael, Caravaggio, Mantegna. In the courtyard there is a statue of Napoleon by Canova. → Dresden Art Gallery (Germany) The Dresden Art Gallery is one of the oldest museums in Europe, located in Germany. Throughout the world, the gallery is famous for its collection of paintings by Italian and Dutch masters. It was opened in 1855, at that time the collection amounted to two thousand two hundred paintings. Over time, the collection was replenished with both contemporaries and classics of fine art. As new items were acquired, the museum grew so large that in 1931 the paintings had to be divided, and only works from the thirteenth to eighteenth centuries remained in the Dresden Gallery. → State Tretyakov Gallery (Moscow, Russia) The State Tretyakov Gallery was named in honor of Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov, who was distinguished by his passion for collecting, which appeared in him in the mid-50s of the eighteenth century. It was at this time that Pavel Mikhailovich bought the first exhibits, which laid the foundation for the future museum. At that time, Tretyakov and his family moved to Lavrushinsky Lane, where the Tretyakov Gallery was founded. → Hermitage (St. Petersburg, Russia) The Hermitage is best gallery Russia, representing world art, one of the most famous art museums in the world and, of course, the main attraction of St. Petersburg. The museum was founded in 1764, when Catherine the Great acquired a collection of 255 paintings from the German city of Berlin. Today State Hermitage Museum has over 2.7 million artifacts and displays a variety of art and artifacts from different countries the world and all history (from Ancient Egypt to the beginning of the 20th century in Europe). The Hermitage collections include works by Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, Titian, unique collections Rembrandt and Rubens, many works French impressionists Renoir, Cezanne, Manet, Monet and Pizarro, numerous paintings by Van Gogh, Matisse, Gauguin and several sculptures by Rodin. The collection is huge and varied, it took a long time to create and is an essential aspect for all those interested in art and history.
