The Motherland is a monument erected at the Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery. Piskaryovskoye Cemetery - PISKAREVSKOYE CEMETERY, in Leningrad on Vyborg side. This is a grandiose memorial ensemble at the Piskarevskoye cemetery (the authors of the project are architects E. A. Levinson and A. V. Vasiliev). After this, it was decided to perpetuate the memory of the victims of the siege by creating a memorial complex at the cemetery and turning it into a wartime necropolis.
Largest number the deaths occurred in the winter of 1941-1942. (so, on February 15, 1942, 8,452 dead were delivered to the cemetery for burial, on February 19 - 5,569, on February 20 - 1943). The image of the Motherland was used in patriotic productions: in particular, this role was played by Rimma Markova in such productions. Piskarevskoe memorial cemetery- a mournful monument to the victims of the Great Patriotic War, a witness to a universal tragedy and a place of universal worship.
In April 1961, the Resolution was approved: “... to consider the Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery as the main monument to the heroes who gave their lives for the happiness, freedom and independence of our Motherland...”. The eternal flame on the upper terrace of the Piskarevsky memorial burns in memory of all the victims of the blockade and the heroic defenders of the city.
The opening of the memorial ensemble of the Piskarevsky cemetery was timed to coincide with the fifteenth anniversary of the victory over fascism. Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery has the status of a museum, and excursions are held around it. It is planned to build a church in the name of the Beheading of John the Baptist at the cemetery. In 2007, a temporary wooden chapel was dedicated next to the cemetery, which will remain in operation while the church is being built.
One of our respected users, Viktor Pavlov, wrote a poem about the Piskarevskoye cemetery for May 9th. Thanks a lot. Including - on best project ensemble of the Piskarevsky necropolis. Available in Leningrad unusual monument. This is the Motherland, mourning the death of its sons and daughters, never forgetting their immortal feat.
Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery is a world-famous, national monument to the history of the Great Patriotic War, a museum of the heroism of Leningrad. In 1941-1944 it became a place of mass graves.
In the center of the architectural and sculptural ensemble is a six-meter bronze sculpture “Mother Motherland” - a mourning stele with high reliefs recreating episodes of the life and struggle of fighting Leningrad. But know, heeding these stones: No one is forgotten and nothing is forgotten. On May 9, 1960, an architectural and sculptural memorial ensemble was opened at the cemetery, the compositional center of which is a bronze sculpture symbolizing the “Motherland”.
Motherland (St. Petersburg)
General form memorial ensemble. During the Great Patriotic War, the main place of mass graves for victims of the siege (about 470 thousand) and participants in the defense of Leningrad. Then, in the late 30s of the 20th century, a city cemetery was organized here, named, like the wasteland itself, “Piskarevsky”. The cemetery gained gloomy worldwide fame during the Siege. In just one cemetery, just in a short and endlessly long 900 days, half a million city residents found eternal peace.
Monument to the heroic defenders of Leningrad at the Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery
New residential buildings sprang up on the outskirts of Leningrad and, soon, Piskarevskoe cemetery found itself in the center of a new urban area. Then it was decided to protect it and turn it into a memorial, dedicated to memory victims of the Siege. These lines can be read on the walls with bas-reliefs installed in the cemetery. Then the Eternal Flame was lit at the Piskarevskoye Cemetery and since then mourning events have traditionally been held here, dedicated to the Day liberation of the city from the Siege.
At the beginning of the 21st century, the Piskarevsky memorial complex was replenished with another memorable exhibit. At the end of the 30s, a cemetery, also called Piskarevsky, was created on this field, which turned into an abandoned wasteland.
The sculpture itself holds an oak wreath in its hand as a symbol of eternity. Also, in addition to words, there are also silhouettes of people walking towards each other. The sculpture personifies a grieving woman, mother, wife. The face of the sculpture is turned towards the mass graves. The Soviet image of the Motherland owes its origin to Irakli Toidze’s poster “The Motherland is Calling!”
The memorial is dedicated to the memory of all Leningraders and defenders of the city. As before, the main focus of the exhibition is documentary photographs. In the museum you can get acquainted with photographs and newsreels of the siege - during the day there is a show documentary film“Memories of the Siege” and Sergei Larenkov’s film “Siege Album”. In mass graves lie 420 thousand residents of Leningrad who died from hunger, cold, disease, bombing and artillery shelling, and 70 thousand soldiers - defenders of Leningrad.
A memorial wall-stele completes the ensemble. In the thickness of the granite there are 6 reliefs dedicated to the heroism of the inhabitants of the besieged city and its defenders - men and women, warriors and workers. In the center of the stele is an epitaph written by Olga Berggolts. Thanks to people like you, the memory of the Victory and the heroes of the Great Patriotic War lives in our hearts. Immediately after the end of the Great Patriotic War, in the victorious year of 1945, a creative competition to perpetuate the memory of the city’s defenders.
Traveling and exchange exhibitions: Exhibition dedicated to the creation of the Book of Memory “Blockade. Here are collected sparse but expressive documents and photographs about the siege of Leningrad and its heroic defense.
The grand opening of a memorial in memory of the victims of the siege of Leningrad took place at the Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery
In her half-lowered hands is a garland of oak and laurel leaves entwined with a ribbon, which she seems to lay on the graves of heroes. The inspired image of the Motherland, created by sculptors V.V. Isaeva and R.K. Taurit, amazes with the depth and strength of the harsh feeling of sadness, grief and enormous courage. Carved into the granite are half-masted banners and six bas-reliefs dedicated to the life and struggle of Leningraders in the besieged city.
Perennial trees are planted on the territory of the cemetery - oaks, birches, poplars, lindens, larches. You can add your own to this list personal dates, add comments, photos and videos to events, set event reminders by e-mail and much more. Worked on the creation of the memorial creative team architects and sculptors.
At the beginning of the 20th century, on the outskirts of St. Petersburg there was a small field owned by the landowner Piskarevsky. In memory of the defenders of Leningrad, memorial plaques from cities and regions of our country, the CIS and foreign countries, as well as organizations that worked in the besieged city, were installed on it. On May 9, 1960, on the fifteenth anniversary of the Victory, Grand opening memorial. On May 9, 2002, a wooden chapel was consecrated next to the cemetery in the name of the Beheading of John the Baptist.
History of Piskarevskoye Cemetery in St. Petersburg
Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery is located in the Kalininsky district of St. Petersburg, in the northern part of the city. This is the place of the largest burialsvictims of the Leningrad blockade and soldiers who died during the battles for Leningrad. The churchyard was founded during the Soviet-Finnish war in 1939 in the vicinity of the Leningrad village of Piskarevka, from which it received its name. Now the mass graves of Soviet soldiers of those years and a monument in the form of a granite column “to those who died heroically in battles with the White Finns” are located in the northwestern part of the cemetery.
During three war years, from 1941 to 1944, according to various sources, he was buried here. from 470 thousand to 520 thousand people, the peak of burials occurred during the first winter of the siege. They were carried out using the trench method, without wreaths, coffins and speeches.
Since 1961 Piskaryovskoye Memorial Cemetery becomes the main monument to Leningrad heroes, at the same time a museum exhibition, dedicated to the tragic pages of the history of besieged Leningrad. It is here that you can see the famous diary of the Leningrad schoolgirl Tanya Savicheva; now the exhibition is located on the first floor of the right pavilion.
Exposition fragment
Memorial "Motherland" at Piskarevskoye cemetery
In May 1960, on the fifteenth anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War on the spot mass graves defenders of Leningrad and city residents, a memorial complex was erected, which every year becomes the center of memorial ceremonies laying wreaths. On the upper terrace memorial The eternal flame burns, lit from the fire on the Champ de Mars. The Central Alley extends from it with branching mass graves with tombstones. Each slab is engraved with the year of burial and an oak leaf, personifying heroism and courage; five-pointed stars are carved on military graves. Bronze sculpture "Motherland" and a memorial wall with the epitaph of Olga Berggolts complete the composition of the complex.
Sculpture "Motherland"
The inscription on the marble plaque in front of the entrance to the cemetery reads: “From September 8, 1941 to January 22, 1944, 107,158 air bombs were dropped on the city, 148,478 shells were fired, 16,744 people were killed, 33,782 were wounded, 641,803 people died of starvation.” .
Piskarevskoe cemetery
St. Petersburg is beautiful in every way. However, it is not only the royal palaces, magnificent monuments, museums and other attractions that attract tourists to its streets. Its necropolises are no less interesting. And not even the Alexander Nevsky Lavra, not Novodevichy Cemetery, where many found their last refuge famous people. There is another mournful place in St. Petersburg that many have heard about. This is Piskarevskoye cemetery. A churchyard that does not amaze visitors with an abundance of ancient or rich modern monuments and ornate epitaphs. A necropolis consisting almost exclusively of long hills of mass graves, in which a huge number of those who died during the terrible days of the Leningrad siege are buried. The names of many of them are still unknown, and their memory is perpetuated only by modest monuments - granite slabs on which the year of burial is engraved. And instead of an epitaph there is a hammer and sickle for the townspeople who died of hunger, and a star for the warrior defenders.
To remember and know...
Piskarevskoye cemetery is nothing more than a besieged necropolis. A mournful monument that has become for all the inhabitants of the planet something of a symbol of the courage, fortitude and amazing fortitude of those who defended Leningrad and those who worked in it from last bit of strength in the name of victory, freezing and dying of hunger. Saint Petersburg. Piskarevskoe cemetery. These are all synonyms for the words blockade, death, hunger, honor and glory. And only here, at the Piskarevskoye cemetery, can you literally feel with your skin the full horror of those terrible nine hundred days, when death every second, grinning evilly, could take anyone, regardless of age, gender and position. And to realize how many troubles and misfortunes the Second World War brought, and not only to the siege survivors, but to the whole world.
Story
It must be said that today at school students receive not entirely correct information regarding this necropolis. According to the textbook, the cemetery is large for those killed during the siege and war. The burial time was from one thousand nine hundred forty-one to one thousand nine hundred and forty-five.
But everything is a little different. Leningrad was a huge metropolis even in pre-war times. Nonresidents flocked to the city of Petra no less than to the capital itself. At the end of the thirties, there were no less than three million inhabitants. People got married, had children and died too. Therefore, in 1937, due to a lack of space in the city graveyards, the city executive committee decided to open a new cemetery. The choice fell on Piskarevka - the northern outskirts of Leningrad. Thirty hectares of land began to be prepared for new burials, and the first graves appeared here already in 1939. And in the forties, the Piskarevskoye cemetery became the burial place for those killed during the Finnish War. Even today you can find these individual graves in the northwestern part of the churchyard.
It was like that...
But who could have imagined then that such a terrible day would come when it would be necessary to urgently dig a trench, no, not even dig, but chisel through the frozen ground in order to bury ten thousand and forty-three people at once. This is exactly what the twentieth day of February forty-two became. And, I must say, the dead were still “lucky.” Because sometimes in a huge field covered with snow, which everyone knows today as the Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery, the dead lay stacked in piles for three or even four days. And their number sometimes went “off scale” to twenty, or even twenty-five thousand. Scary days, terrible time. It also happened that along with the dead people waiting their turn, their gravediggers had to be buried - people died right in the cemetery. But someone had to do this work too...
For what?
How could it happen that a modest, almost village cemetery yesterday, today is a monument of world significance? Why was this rural churchyard destined for such a terrible fate? And for what reason, when I hear the words Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery, I want to kneel. The reason for this is a terrible war. And those who started it. Moreover, the fate of Leningrad was predetermined already on the twenty-ninth of September forty-one. The “arbiter” of destinies - the “great” Fuhrer - adopted a directive on that day, according to which it was planned to simply wipe the city off the face of the earth. It's simple - blockade, constant shelling, massive bombing. The Nazis, you see, believed that they were completely uninterested in the existence of a city like St. Petersburg. He had absolutely no value for them. However, what else could you expect from these non-humans... And who cares about their values...
How many died...
The history of the Leningrad blockade is far from what Soviet propaganda said about it. Yes, this is selfless courage, this is the fight against the enemy, this is boundless love for one’s hometown and one’s Motherland. But first of all, it is horror, death, hunger, which sometimes pushed people to commit terrible crimes. And for some, these desperate years became a time of recovery, some were able to profit from endless human grief, while others lost everything they could - family, children, health. And some are life. The latter numbered 641,803 people. Of these, 420,000 found their final refuge in the mass graves of the Piskarevsky cemetery. Moreover, many were buried without documents. In addition, the defenders of the unbending city also rest in this graveyard. There are 70,000 of them.
After the war
The most terrible years - forty-one, and then forty-two - were left behind. In 1943, Leningraders no longer died in the thousands, then the blockade ended, and after it the war. Piskarevskoye cemetery was open for individual burials until the fiftieth year. In those days, as is known, all speeches about total burials were considered seditious. And therefore, of course, the mass laying of wreaths at the Piskarevskoye cemetery was by no means the most popular event. But people did not try to bring flowers to the graves of their loved ones and others. They carried bread... Something that was so lacking in besieged Leningrad. Something that could in due time save the life of each of those remaining in the Piskarevsky land.
Construction of the memorial
Today, every resident of St. Petersburg knows what the Piskarevskoye cemetery is. How to get there? It is enough to ask such a question to anyone you meet to immediately receive a comprehensive answer. IN post-war years the situation was not so clear. And only then was it decided to build a memorial on this mournful land. The project was developed by architects A.V. Vasilyev and E.A. Levinson. Officially, the Piskarevskoye Cemetery memorial was opened in nineteen sixty. The ceremony took place on May 9, on the fifteenth anniversary of the victory over hated fascism. The necropolis was lit and from that moment on, laying flowers at the Piskarevskoye cemetery became an official event, which is held in accordance with all holiday dates dedicated to those events that, in fact, are associated with the war and the days of the siege. The main ones are the Day of Lifting the Siege and, of course, Victory Day.
What does the necropolis look like today?
In the center of it there is an unusually majestic monument: the Motherland (granite sculpture, the authors of which were Isaeva V.V. and Taurit R.K.) rises above the granite stele. In her hands she holds a garland of oak leaves, braided mourning ribbon. From her figure to her very Eternal Flame there is a funeral alley, the length of which is three hundred meters. It is all planted with red roses. And on both sides of it there are mass graves in which those who fought, lived, defended and died for Leningrad are buried.
The same sculptors created all the images that are on the stele: above mourning wreaths human figures bowed in grief, holding lowered banners in their hands. There are stone pavilions at the entrance to the memorial. They house a museum.
Museum exhibition
In principle, the Piskarevskoye cemetery itself has the status of a museum. There are excursions here every day. As for the exhibition itself, located in the pavilions, unique archival documents are collected here, not only ours, but also German ones. It also contains lists of people who are buried here, although they are, of course, far from complete. In addition, the museum exhibition contains letters from survivors of the siege, their diaries, household items and much more interesting things. For those who would like to find out whether any of their relatives or friends who died during the siege are buried in the Piskarevskoye cemetery, a special eBook, into which you can enter the necessary data and obtain information. Which is very convenient, because, although many years have passed since then, the war still reminds us of itself, and not everyone who suffered from it knows exactly which grave to go to in order to bow to their untimely departed loved ones.
What else is there in the necropolis
In the depths of it there are walls with bas-reliefs. On them are carved lines that Olga Berggolts, a poetess who survived all nine hundred days of the siege, dedicated to her city. Behind the bas-reliefs there is a marble pool into which visitors throw coins. Probably in order to return here again and again, to pay tribute to those who died in order to prevent fascism from erasing them from the face of the earth hometown. A sad and amazing place is the Piskarevskoe cemetery. You can find out how to get there at the end of the article. There we will bring everything necessary information for tourists. But before that, we need to say a few words about something completely different.
What is missing from the memorial?
If you listen to the reviews of visitors and residents of St. Petersburg themselves, you can come to a disappointing conclusion. Yes, nothing is forgotten. And yes, no one is forgotten. But today, many who come to bow to the graves of the defenders of Leningrad and those killed during the siege note that they lack an atmosphere of peace and tranquility. And almost unanimously they say that a temple needs to be built at the Piskarevskoye cemetery. Yes, such that people of any religion could pray for their own, and not only their dead. For now, at the Piskarevskoye cemetery there is only a small chapel in the name of John the Baptist. In order to somehow overcome the spirit of despair hovering over the graves, sculptures, monuments and fences are not enough.
Piskarevskoye Cemetery: how to get there
How to get to the memorial museum? Its address: St. Petersburg, Piskarevskoye Cemetery, Nepokorennykh Avenue, 72. Buses No. 80, 123 and 128 run from the Muzhestva Metro station. Bus route No. 178 runs from the Akademicheskaya metro station. The final stop is Piskarevskoye Cemetery. How to get to the memorial on holidays? Special buses run from the same “Metro Muzhestva” station these days.
Tourist Information
- The memorial is equipped in such a way that people with disabilities could freely get acquainted with both its territory and the museum exhibition.
- There is a comfortable hotel not far from the cemetery.
- The museum pavilion is open from nine in the morning to six in the evening (daily).
- Tours of the cemetery are also offered daily. In winter and autumn from nine in the morning to six in the evening, in summer and spring they are extended until 21:00.
- You must sign up for the excursion in advance by calling one of the phone numbers that can be found on the official website of the memorial complex.
- On average, the memorial complex is visited by about half a million tourists a year.
- Mourning ceremonies are held four times a year.
Memorable dates (laying flowers)
- January 27 is the day of the liberation of the city from the fascist blockade.
- May 8 - in honor of the next anniversary of the Victory.
- June 22 - the day the war began.
- September 8 - the day the blockade began.
Arch. ensemble on the territory Piskarevsky forest park, dedicated. those who fell during the siege and defense of Leningrad in Vel. Fatherland war. The memorial was opened on May 9, 1960. The authors of the project are architect. A. Vasiliev and E. Levinson. The entrance to the cemetery is marked by propylaea pavilions, on... ... Russian humanitarian encyclopedic dictionary
Piskaryovskoye Memorial Cemetery- Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery... Russian spelling dictionary
Piskarevskoe cemetery- Piskarevskoe cemetery. Piskarevskoe cemetery. General view of the memorial ensemble. Saint Petersburg. Piskarevskoe cemetery, memorial cemetery, the main place of mass graves of Leningraders who died of hunger and died during the siege... ... Encyclopedic reference book "St. Petersburg"
Piskarevskoe cemetery- PISKAREVO CEMETERY, in Leningrad on the Vyborg side. Founded in 19411944 burial place of victims of the siege of Leningrad and soldiers of the Leningrad Front (total of about 470 thousand people). The largest number of deaths occurred in the winter of 194142 (so, 15... ... Great Patriotic War 1941-1945: encyclopedia
Memorial cemetery, the main place of mass graves of Leningraders who died of hunger and died during the siege of 1941 44, and soldiers of the Leningrad Front who died during the Great Patriotic War. Located in the northeastern part... ... St. Petersburg (encyclopedia)
In Leningrad, the memorial cemetery is the main place of mass graves of Leningraders who died during the siege of the city (1941-42), and soldiers of the Leningrad Front who died during the Great Patriotic War 1941-45. Located in the north... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia
Cemetery Piskaryovskoye Memorial Cemetery Monument “Motherland” at Piskaryovskoye Cemetery ... Wikipedia
Coordinates: Coordinates: 59°00′00″ N. w... Wikipedia
Piskarevka station Krasnoselsko Kalininskaya line St. Petersburg metro Opening date 2020 ... Wikipedia
Books
- Photo chronicle of St. Petersburg. Almanac, 2010. Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery, . The siege of Leningrad is the most tragic page in the history of the city, in the history of the Second World War. Not a single city in the world in the entire history of wars gave so many lives for Victory as Leningrad. Behind…
The Baltic Media Group project can partially help with this
“My grandfather is buried at the Piskarevskoye cemetery. Is it possible to get more detailed information about the burial place? Data: Ivanov Ivan Alekseevich, born in 1909, died 02/16/1942, drafted from the Chkalov region.
Vera Alexandrovna"
"Hello! According to the archives, on the territory of the Piskarevsky cemetery in 1943, after being wounded, our grandmother’s brother, Sotnik Parfen Tarasovich, was buried. Could you give us any information on this issue? Thanks in advance for your answer.
Natalya Makarova"
“My great-grandfather Prokofy Maneev is buried at the Piskarevskoye cemetery, his daughter Valya, my grandmother, is still alive. She asked when visiting St. Petersburg (her mother is a person born in Leningrad and has relatives there) to be sure to come to her grandfather’s burial. A huge request: who can find out from these data whether Maneev Prokofiy (I don’t even know his middle name) is there actually such a name in Piskarevsky? And if I get there, how to look?
Natalia"
“Where is Alexander Vasilievich Varennikov, born in 1922, buried? He died in evacuation hospital No. 928 on May 22, 1943. He was buried at the Piskarevskoye cemetery.
Tatiana"
This is only a small part of all the requests that come to the editor from readers looking for their relatives. We have tried to formulate as objective an answer as possible.
On the Leningrad Album website (albomspb.ru)- this is a project of the Baltic Media Group - a database has been posted from the burial passports of Piskarevsky and other military and siege cemeteries. This page is ours a joint project with the Information and Analytical Center “Remember everyone by name.”
The passport of the military burial of the Piskarevsky Memorial Cemetery with an appendix of seven volumes includes the names of 151,757 residents of besieged Leningrad.
On the “Burial Passports” page(http://albomspb.ru/person/cemetery) data from Pikarevsky and other military graves are compiled into a single database, where site visitors can find their relatives by last name, year of birth, year of death.
You must understand that 151,757 names are at most a third of all those buried at the Piskarevskoye cemetery. In addition, fallen servicemen are buried at the Piskarevskoye cemetery. According to the Ministry of Defense, this is 75,951 people, the names of 67,857 of whom are known. They are included in the old military burial passport. But no one has seen this passport with names yet. It is stored somewhere in the archives of the commissariat or district administration.
Today we can only guess where a particular person is buried. You can check at the Piskarevskoye cemetery which of the 186 mass graves was filled at what time, compare it with the date of death of the relative, and a place will appear where you can put flowers.
This is what Russian President Vladimir Putin did last year, on the 70th anniversary of the liberation of Leningrad from the fascist siege, whose siege brother Viktor was on these lists. The President bowed to the entire memorial, and then bowed his head in front of one of the mass graves of the Piskarevsky cemetery.
If you could not find your relatives on this and other sites, try contacting IAC website forum “Remember everyone by name” maybe they can help you.
But you should always take into account that there are no such resources where, for example, you enter your grandfather’s last name and find all the information about him. Working with archives is like writing a scientific paper.
