Vasily Perov hunters at rest description. Painting "Hunters at a rest": description for schoolchildren

"Hunters at Rest" (1871)

When I tell you my True Tales, I remind myself of a left-wing hunter, and my friends - both distrustful, like the average one, and heeding, like the right one.

The picture is known to absolutely every resident of our country. It is in textbooks, on the walls of many houses, even on candy wrappers. We know it by heart. Still, I’ll tell you a couple of points that you may not know.

"To be fully an artist, one must be a creator; and in order to be a creator, you need to study life, you need to educate your mind and heart, educate not by studying official models, but by vigilant observation and exercise in reproducing types and their inherent inclinations... By this study, you need to tune the sensitivity to perceive impressions in such a way that not a single object rushed past you without being reflected in you, as in a clean, correct mirror... An artist must be a poet, a dreamer, and most importantly, a tireless worker... Anyone who wants to be an artist must become a complete fanatic, living and feeding on art alone and only art.” .
V.G.Perov "Our teachers"

Vasily Grigorievich Perov was born on January 4 (December 23, old style) 1833 in Tobolsk, in the family of the provincial prosecutor Baron Grigory Karlovich Kridener. The boy was illegitimate; his parents got married later. All his younger brothers received the titles of barons and the surname Kridener, Perov received the surname of his godfather- Vasiliev, later artist changed it to the nickname "Perov", given in childhood for success in penmanship. The boy's real father, Baron G.K. Kridener was a liberal, educated person, played the piano and violin, knew several foreign languages and even wrote poems. It was the latter that became the reason that some time after the birth of Vasily, the baron was dismissed for free-thinking poems.

Let's return to the picture now.

And Perov did not write it alone, but in tandem with another famous artist- Alexey Savrasov. They taught together at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. We don’t know Savrsov’s share, but there is an interesting point.

Perov wrote two versions of “Hunters at Rest”: the first is stored in Tretyakov Gallery, and the second - in the Russian Museum. Perov writes the second version a few years later. Did he turn to Savrasov again?

And the hunters all turn out to be real people! Friends of the artist.

The doctor Dmitry Kuvshinnikov was depicted in his famous painting “Hunters at a Rest” by the artist V.G. Perov. The hunter-storyteller on the left is him. The other two characters in the picture are based on Kuvshinnikov’s friends: the skeptic hunter is a doctor and amateur artist Vasily Vladimirovich Bessonov, and the young hunter is Nikolai Mikhailovich Nagornov, a relative of Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy (he was married to his niece, Varvara Valerianovna Tolstoy).
http://proekt-wms.narod.ru/moscow/2_4.htm

The audience really liked the picture, but some celebrities sharply criticized it.
They didn't like unnaturally exaggerated emotions

M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin criticized the picture for its lack of spontaneity: “It’s as if when the picture is shown there is some actor present, whose role instructs him to speak aside: this is a liar, and this is a gullible one, inviting the viewer not to believe the liar hunter and have fun at the gullibility novice hunter."

The landscape in the film is written much better; compositionally it is closely related to the characters. There's something unsettling about surrounding nature- in the piercing wind, in the withered autumn grass, in the gloomy horizon. The sky is overcast and a thunderstorm cannot be avoided.

The most prominent figure is, of course, the elderly hunter on the left, passionately telling his companions about his hunting adventures. The second hunter, who is in the middle, middle-aged, listens to the elderly hunter with a grin, scratches his ear, one might say that the narrator is clearly making him laugh with another tale, and he clearly does not trust him, but at the same time he is still interested in listening. The young hunter, on the right, listens attentively and trustingly to the stories of the old hunter; it is likely that he himself also wants to tell something about his hunt, but the old man clearly does not allow him to say a word.

I am not a hunter, but a friend is a hunter, he told me that there are many inaccuracies in the picture.

The dog in the background is apparently a setter, and they don’t hunt hares with cops. The black grouse is lying right, this is his prey, but there is also a horn in the picture, and it is used only when hunting with hounds. In addition, when hunting for black grouse is open (and, by the way, it is found in the forest, not in the field), hunting for the hare is closed. But I don’t know whether hunting was opened in that century. He also said that a self-respecting hunter would not throw his gun like that - the barrel would become clogged and the trigger would break. These are the grumblings from the modern hunter.

I found this story about the painting on the Internet, but I lost the link. But read:

"Hunters at Rest" - one of the most popular paintings outstanding artist second half of the 19th century century Vasily Grigorievich Perov.
Until recently, it was believed that the artist painted two versions of this painting. But there is an assumption that the author created three paintings “Hunters at Rest”. And one of them was kept in the Nikolaev Museum as a copy for 22 years...

The most famous picture Vasily Perova in the century before last made a splash at an exhibition in Europe together with Repin’s “Barge Haulers on the Volga.” After the exhibition, the painting was bought by the famous collector Tretyakov, the artist wrote a second version for the Tsar, and now it is in the State Russian Museum in St. Petersburg. Sensation - the third version of the “hunters” was discovered in the Nikolaev Regional Museum.

The canvas was studied for two years. The picture was painted without a sketch in pencil, but immediately with paints - this is exactly the manner in which Vasily Perov worked. The “Nicholas” painting is the same size and was painted in the same year, 1871, as the work that is kept in the Tretyakov Gallery. And the version that Perov wrote for the Tsar and which is kept in St. Petersburg, created later - in 1877 - and is smaller in area.

Kyiv restorers presented the research results to the Tretyakov Gallery. They agreed with the conclusions of experts from the National Academy of Arts; Perov's authorship is still under consideration.

It still remains a mystery who the artist Perov really was? Critical realist, Wanderer V.G. Perov was a friend of almost all the outstanding painters of his time.
He had eccentricities, which perhaps explain how Perov could paint such a painting as “Hunters at Rest” in the 19th century. The picture is literally stuffed with encrypted messages, mathematical formulas and prophetic predictions.

Many years ago, employees of the Russian Museum noticed that female caretakers gathered at the end of the working day in the Perov Hall, not far from the Hunters at Rest. The work was re-done several times, but the result was the same. And the caretakers, and museum visitors, and excursions mostly grouped and spent time near this painting.

Some research was done that revealed a real anomaly. The air temperature in this painting was always 2.6 - 2.8 degrees higher than in the other halls. Mechanical watches Perov's painting slowed down, and the quartz mechanisms began to lose rhythm and even stopped. The picture also had a strange effect on people.

The canvas was subjected to infrared radiation and x-rays. The photograph showed an image of three men who very much resembled someone. The photo was published and...the Yalta Conference arose! On the left, leaning slightly forward, sat Joseph Stalin and convincingly proved something. Opposite him, with his hands on his paralyzed legs, sat Roosevelt, and between them, looking skeptically at Stalin, lay Winston Churchill. Having superimposed a transparent map of Europe on the picture, the experts were amazed. Stalin's hands accurately indicate the opening line of the second front, while his right hand rests on the coast of Normandy, where it happened seventy years later. small years Allied landing.

If we calculate the percentage of the area occupied by the three figures of hunters to the total area of ​​the picture, we will get an exact percentage of the total share of the three countries of England, America and Russia in the production of weapons in relation to the rest of the world in 1945! The killed game in the right corner of the picture, outlined in a single line, strangely resembles the outlines of defeated Japan. And if we connect the eyes of three hunters with the same line, we will get the exact geometry of the Bermuda Triangle.

Perov ideally positioned his characters according to the parts of the world in relation to the gun, which lies slightly to the right and below the center of the picture and signifies the equator. This is the first thing that catches your eye...

This is the news about the picture that each of us knows from school...

Addition

My post about Perov’s painting “Hunters at a Rest” deservedly took one of the leading places in the ranking of my posts. It’s clear that schoolchildren and studio students are forced to write abstracts about the picture! Click on Google - and it gives them my post! They are happy. Unlike my supposedly 500 supposed friends. It is interesting and useful for them to read the lines of an old fart... So I will add a little to that post.

Remember about the main narrator from the picture?

By Dymov they meant the doctor Dmitry Pavlovich Kuvshinnikov - a truly selfless physician and ascetic. Of course, he was not quiet and intimidated. And constant home parties did not bother him; he actively participated in them. The artistic bohemia respected Kuvshinnikov - suffice it to say that it was he, Dmitry Kuvshinnikov, who is depicted in Perov’s famous painting “Hunters at a Rest” as the main storyteller. Along with the other two too real characters they constantly went hunting:

So life is even more closely tied with different knots! Remember Chekhov's famous story "The Jumper"? So Chekhov wrote a story specifically about Kushinnikov’s wife! Jumping Olga Ivanovna’s name was actually Sofya Petrovna Kuvshinnikova. Here is her portrait by the artist Levitan:

I. Levitan “Portrait of Sofia Petrovna Kuvshinnikova”, 1888

And she broke out a gigantic scandal in Moscow! Many prominent people of that time stopped shaking hands with Anton Palych and gave up their house - and this is almost political death! They wrote letters to him, and Chekhov wrote completely boorish letters in response! Levitan wanted to challenge him to a duel. Chekhov's friend, actor Lensky, wrote him such a derogatory letter that Chekhov burned it, for the first time in his life he was ashamed to keep the letter in his archive. Hellish reproaches and abuse rained down from all my acquaintances. Anton Pavlovich answered them even more boorishly, denying himself with the words (literal quote): “My jumping lady is pretty, but Sofya Petrovna is not so beautiful and young!”

Well, Levitan was almost Sophia’s official lover, he can be forgiven. They really had an affair and a summer together on the Volga. Without a husband and strangers... But the entire secular world did not respect and despise Chekhov until the end of his life... Didn’t know about the great Chekhov?

And in defense of the Jumper (and re-read the story!):

Sofya Petrovna was by no means a mediocre, frivolous jumper who burned through her husband’s money and “drew a little” - this assessment is entirely on Chekhov’s conscience. Sofya Petrovna was in highest degree a talented and intelligent lady with a kind and open heart, everyone’s favorite.

Looking at “Hunters at Rest” by Vasily Perov, modern viewer hardly notices that the picture depicts the same nonsense as in the hunting tales that one of the characters “possesses”.

“What a beauty! Of course, to explain it, the Germans will also understand, but they won’t understand, like we do, that he is a Russian liar and that he is lying in Russian. We can almost hear and know what he is talking about, we know the whole turn of his lies, his style, his feelings,” Fyodor Dostoevsky praised the picture, admiring the expressiveness and authenticity of the characters. However, the scene of the three comrades relaxing is not at all truthful in detail. Characters do not handle weapons correctly, and their equipment and loot are classified as different types hunting. It seems that the painter chose a topic about which he understood little.

In fact, Perov was well versed in hunting. The artist hunted the beast, as his first biographer Nikolai Sobko put it, “in all seasons and tirelessly,” and later even shared his experience in essays for the magazine “Nature and Hunting,” which was published by naturalist Leonid Sabaneev. Ultimately, his passion for hunting cost the artist his life: due to a cold caught in the forest, Perov developed consumption, from which he died before reaching the age of 50.

And Perov created “Hunters at a Rest” as a picture-anecdote, so that an understanding viewer would laugh at it no less than at completely false hunting stories.


1. Skeptic. The peasant laughing at the master's story was based on the doctor, amateur artist and writer Vasily Bessonov. Perov portrayed him as a commoner, emphasizing that the passion of the hunt, like this meal on the grass, unites nobles and their servants.

2. Newbie. He listened to the narrator so much that he forgot to light a cigarette. Judging by the new sheepskin coat and expensive equipment that have not yet worn out in the forests, the character has recently become interested in hunting. Perov painted a gullible neophyte from 26-year-old Nikolai Nagornov, in whose house his friends Kuvshinnikov and Bessonov usually gathered to go hunting together.

3. Brown hare. Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences Valentin Golovin noted: by the animal’s molting it can be determined that the action takes place in late autumn. It is strange that the carcass was not damaged: according to the rules of hound hunting, the killed hare had to be chopped off (poked with a dagger between the shoulder blades), beaten (cut off the front legs) and tied (inserted into the saddle).

4. Hazel grouse. A forest bird could not be killed on the same hunt as the brown hare, an inhabitant of the fields.

5. Liar. A friend, police doctor Dmitry Kuvshinnikov, posed for Perov in the role of the landowner-storyteller. In the 1880–1890s, the doctor, together with his wife Sophia, organized a literary and artistic salon in their home. The Kuvshinnikovs and the landscape painter Isaac Levitan, with whom Sophia cheated on her husband, became the prototypes of the heroes of Chekhov’s story “The Jumper”.

6. Boots. The beginner’s shoes, as Professor Golovin noted, also reveal the character’s inexperience: on such high heels hunting was very inconvenient.

7. Binoculars. The narrator has binoculars of an old model, from the first half of the 19th century, which indicates considerable hunting experience.

8. Horn. Used on hound hunting, to gather hounds into a pack, but there is no sign of a pack of hounds. The only dog different versions, either a greyhound or a pointing setter. When hunting with hounds, guns are not needed, since the dog takes the game. And at the gun shop you don’t need a horn.

9. Guns. An experienced hunter, in order not to clog the barrel bore, will never place the gun with the muzzle on the ground. Especially if it is a first-class, expensive weapon from the English company Enfield, as here.

Artist Vasily Perov

1834 - born January 2 (NS) in Tobolsk. The artist was illegitimate son Baron Gregory Kridener, who served there as the provincial prosecutor.
1841 - for his beautiful handwriting, he received the nickname Perov from his teacher, which became his surname.

1853–1862 - student at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture.
1861 - painted the paintings “Rural Procession at Easter” and “Sermon in the Village”.

1862–1864 - visited Germany and France.
1862–1869 - was married to Elena Shanes, three children were born in the marriage, but only his son Vladimir survived to adulthood.

1866 - created “Troika” and “The Arrival of a Governess at a Merchant’s House.”
1870–1877 - was a member of the Association of Traveling Exhibitions.

1872 - married a second time, to Elizaveta Druganova.
1882 - died of consumption in Kuzminki (now a Moscow region).

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Vasily Perov is a famous Russian genre artist of the second half of the 19th century. One of the most famous paintings painter - “Hunters at Rest”, written in 1871. Why did this particular painting become so popular, where are the author’s repetitions from “Hunters at Rest” stored, and how is one of the characters in the painting connected with the writer Leo Tolstoy?

Interestingly, Vasily Perov was skeptical about his painting and did not highly value his work, unlike his contemporaries. For example, about the painting “Hunter at Rest,” Fyodor Dostoevsky wrote: “The painting has long been known to everyone; one lies ardently and deliberately, the other listens and believes with all his might, and the third does not believe anything, lies down right there and laughs... What a delight!<…>We can almost hear and know what he is talking about, we know the whole turn of his lies, his style, his feelings.”

Vasily Perov “Hunters at a rest”, 1871

Vasily Perov managed to create a masterpiece. In one painting, “Hunter at Rest,” which the artist intended as an anecdote, he combines several painting genres at once: an everyday scene, landscape, and still life. In the center against the backdrop of autumn fields are three hunters. An elderly, poor nobleman talks animatedly about his hunting exploits. The young man listens to him trustingly, but is so carried away by the story that he forgets to light a cigarette. And the peasant, reclining in the center, only grins ironically - he has already heard enough of such stories.

The artist depicted his friends in the picture. The narrator is doctor Dmitry Kuvshinnikov. By the way, after the painting was exhibited at the first traveling exhibition, the name Kuvshinnikov became popular in literary, artistic and theatrical circles. Writers and artists often gathered at his house, among them Chekhov, Levitan and others. The skeptic hunter is another friend of Perov, a doctor and amateur artist Vasily Bessonov. The prototype of the young hunter was the 26-year-old doctor Nikolai Nagornov, who later married Varvara Tolstoy, the niece of the great writer. It turned out that three doctors became hunters.

The original painting “Hunters at a Rest” (oil on canvas 119x183) is kept in the Tretyakov Gallery. In 1877, the artist painted a smaller original copy, which is kept in the Russian Museum in St. Petersburg. There were legends that Perov made three paintings of Hunters at Rest. The third option was found in Nikolaev in Ukraine. For more than 20 years, employees of the Nikolaev regional art museum them. V. Vereshchagina were sure that the painting in their fund was an excellent copy, because in Soviet time Perov’s masterpiece was very popular, a huge number of copies and reproductions of “Hunters” appeared. However, in 2004, the museum was visited by Kiev restorer Nikolai Titov, who stated without a doubt that the canvas and paints belonged to 19th century. The painting was sent for research, during which art critics found out that it was a repetition by the author. After restoration, a copy of “Hunters at Rest” was included in the main exhibition of the museum.

REFERENCE

The artist Vasily Perov had a difficult fate. He was the illegitimate son of the provincial prosecutor Baron Georgy Kridener. Unknown exact date The artist was born on January 2 or 4, 1833. And although after Perov’s birth his parents got married, Vasily could not bear his father’s surname. In documents for a long time the surname “Vasiliev” was indicated, given by the name of the godfather.

After the baron's resignation, his family moved to Samara province. Here little Vasily was sent to study with a sexton. Greatest successes He did penmanship, for which he received the nickname Perov, which stuck to him for the rest of his life.

Ivan Kramskoy “Portrait of Vasily Perov”, 1881

Vasily wanted to study painting, but his parents resisted this for a long time. Ultimately, Perov left for Moscow in 1852 and entered the School of Painting and Sculpture. In 1862, the artist married Elena Shanes and went with his family to Paris at the expense of the Academy. But two years later the artist returned to his homeland; genre scenes were not close to him French life. Perov was more interested in life ordinary people in Russia. In the 1860s, he created paintings where he revealed contradictions modern life- “Troika”, “Seeing off the dead man”, “Scene at the post station” and others. In them he tried to show the plight of hired workers.

Vasily Perov “Troika”, 1866

In 1869-1870, a tragedy occurred in the artist’s life that influenced his work. Perov’s wife and two children died from the epidemic, only his son Vladimir survived. The painter began to depict common man, his joys Everyday life. The artist’s passion for hunting was reflected in several paintings - “Fisherman”, “Birder” and others. In addition to the paintings on household topics Vasily Perov created historical paintings and portraits of Dostoevsky, Ostrovsky and his other contemporaries.

Vasily Perov “Portrait of F. M. Dostoevsky”, 1872

In 1872, Perov married again. Towards the end of his life, Vasily Georgievich began to study literature and wrote stories. Vasily Perov died of consumption in 1882 in Moscow. The artist was buried in the monastery cemetery in the Danilov Monastery. The painter's son from his first marriage, Vladimir Perov, also became an artist.

The publication uses materials from the encyclopedia “Treasures of Russian Museums” and from the official website of the Nikolaev Art Museum. V. Vereshchagina.

He left many of his descendants famous works. On the canvases the master depicted ordinary people who are sad, happy, working, and going out hunting. Not everyone knows that the painter Perov himself was not averse to wandering through the forest with a gun over his shoulder. The painting “Hunters at Rest” was painted by him with skill, and it shows.

The future artist was born illegitimate. And although his parents soon got married in church, his father was unable to give the boy his last name. At first the child's name was Vasily Vasilyev - this was the name of his godfather. But why did he become Perov? Turns out it's a nickname. The literacy teacher gave it to the boy, noting with this word the child’s diligence and ability to use a pen for writing.

But Vasily was not only a diligent student. The boy became addicted to drawing from childhood. He loved to watch how a real artist, whom the child’s father invited to their home, painted.

When Perov took it, he realized that this was his calling. Despite his poor eyesight, which deteriorated after suffering from smallpox, Perov became an artist. At first he studied at Arzamas art school, then graduated Moscow school painting, sculpture and architecture.

Some of the artist's works

For his work, the artist was awarded silver medals. At the beginning of his work, the painter reflected the sad aspects of the life of the people, painting such paintings as “The Arrival of the Stanovoy,” “Scene at the Grave,” “Drowned Women,” and “Troika.” In the middle and second half creative path the artist paints more joyful paintings. “Holiday in the vicinity of Paris”, “Songbook Seller”, “Scene at railway“- all these works were created by Perov.

The painting “Hunters at a Rest” was painted by Vasily Grigorievich in 1871 and belongs to the late period of his work.

Picture: first character

One glance at the canvas is enough to see: it depicts 3 people. It's interesting that I painted them with real people V. G. Perov. The painting “Hunters at a Rest” depicts three doctors who, in their free time from work, loved to hunt.

The eldest in the company sits on the left. This is D.P. Kuvshinnikov - a lover of rifle hunting, a famous Moscow doctor. Turning our gaze to the canvas, we see that Kuvshinnikov is telling something interesting. His eyes are wide open, and his hands imitate the claws of a predator. Apparently he tells his to a young friend, as he once hunted, and was attacked by a lynx, wolf or bear. Of course, the hunter defeated this animal and showed remarkable abilities.

Perov perfectly conveyed the facial expressions, position of the head, hands, and body of his character. The painting “Hunters at Rest” represents a scene of friends relaxing and reflects the liveliness of their conversation.

Second character

The grateful listener sitting on the canvas on the right also has his real prototype. This is Nikolai Mikhailovich Nagornov, who was 26 years old at the time of the creation of the canvas. In life, he was a friend of D.P. Kuvshinnikov and also worked in medicine. Interestingly, this young man married his niece a year later famous writer Tolstoy.

But for now he was completely absorbed by the elder hunter’s story. He listens to the story of the man sitting opposite him and looks at him with all his eyes. The young man froze, he was not interested in either the meal or the cigarette he was holding in his right hand. And the narrator is trying his best, he even took off his hat because he felt hot.

Third hero

The canvas that Perov wrote, “Hunters at a Rest,” conveys all the moods very realistically. The picture introduces us to another hero, whose prototype was the doctor V.V. Bessonov. As you might guess, in life he was a friend of Kuvshinnikov and Nagornov.

On the canvas, Bessonov grins. From the expression on his face one can understand that he has heard his friend’s hunting tale more than once and does not believe it. The man scratches himself behind his ear, it is clear what this gesture means. He tries to distract himself so as not to laugh and tell his young comrade the truth. Perov knew all this too. “Hunters at Rest” is a picture that allows you to mentally transport yourself to late XIX century, become participants interesting scene and guess what the main characters of the canvas are talking about.

Surrounding landscape, small details

IN artistic work everything is important. After it becomes clear who exactly is depicted on the canvas and what the men are talking about, it is interesting to look at what surrounds them and figure out what time of year the action takes place. The description of the painting “Hunters at Rest” will help with this. Perov most likely painted the time of early spring.

It is clear that the grass is withered, this is how it appears before us when the snow melts. But in some places it remained: in the background, on the field, small white islands are visible. The men are dressed warmly, so they are not cold that evening.

All this is clearly conveyed by the painting “Hunters at Rest”. Perov V. and his friends loved to walk through the forest with a gun. The artist preserved his impressions for centuries.