Required temperature in office premises. Temperature standards for stores

Requirements for temperature and humidity, lighting in an office space, and sometimes even for furniture are strictly regulated. So, if the average daily temperature outside the window is above 10°C, the office should be general rule 23-25°C, and if below this limit – 22-24°C. It is also determined how the working day is shortened if the room is colder than permissible or, conversely, it is very hot. For example, if the air temperature in the office is 19°C, then you can stay in it for no more than seven hours, and if it is 18°C ​​- no more than six hours, etc. (SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16 "", approved. Resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated June 21, 2016 No. 81).

There are separate standards for those who use computers in their work. The workplace area of ​​such employees cannot be less than 4.5 square meters. m (if a flat monitor is installed) or less than 6 sq. m (if workplace equipped with an old type monitor, with a kinescope). And after every hour of work, the room should be ventilated (Sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations SanPiN 2.2.2/2.4.1340-03 ""; approved by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation on May 30, 2003).

Some situations are not directly regulated by sanitary standards, but in practice they occur regularly. These include, for example, malfunctioning toilets in the building. In this case, according to Rostrud, the employee has the right to refuse work, and the employer must provide him with another job that does not threaten his health until the problem is resolved. If this is impossible, downtime is declared, and the employee can count on wages during the downtime in the amount of at least 2/3 of his average salary ().

About what other sanitary standards and the rules apply to office workers, as well as the employer’s responsibility for non-compliance, find out from our infographics.

From January 1, 2017, all employers and employees are required to comply with the new Sanitary and Epidemiological requirements for physical factors in the workplace, SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16 (approved by Resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated June 21, 2016 No. 81). They replaced SanPiN 2.2.4.1191-03, SanPiN 2.1.8/2.2.4.2490-09, Appendix 3 to SanPiN 2.2.2/2.4.1340-03. The updated sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations (SanPiNakh) define standards for the impact of such physical factors as:

• microclimate;
• vibration;
• electric, magnetic, electromagnetic fields;
• lighting in workplaces, etc.

Standards are the maximum permissible levels of factors. Their exposure, within the established limits, to an employee working 8 hours a day (no more than 40 hours a week) should not lead to illnesses or deviations in his state of health (clause 1.4 of SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16).

As stated above, due to the introduction of new rules, some of the previously approved SanPiNs have ceased to be valid since 2017. For example, SanPiN 2.2.4.1191-03 “ Electromagnetic fields in production conditions" (clause 2 of the Resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated June 21, 2016 N 81). At the same time, for example, SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 continues to be in force in the part that does not contradict SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16 (Letter of Rospotrebnadzor dated February 10, 2017 No. 09-2438-17-16). Most actual question for both employers and employees - what should be the temperature in the room (workplace) according to SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16.

Indoor temperature at the workplace: norms

SanPiN establishes optimal temperature values ​​in the workplace as microclimate indicators. These include (clause 2.2.1 SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16):

• air temperature;
• surface temperature;
• relative humidity;
• air speed;
• intensity of thermal radiation.

Standard values ​​for these indicators are determined separately for the warm and cold seasons. The time when the average daily outside air temperature is +10 °C or lower is considered cold. If the temperature outside the window is higher, then this is the warm season (clause 2.1.5 of SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16). That is, the temperature regime in the workplace according to Sanitary Regulations in summer and winter may differ, but not much. After all, at any time of the year, a person needs heat balance with environment(clause 2.1.1 SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16).

What are the temperature standards in office premises? Different temperature conditions are provided for workers engaged in different types work - depending on the energy consumption of employees. So, for example, garment workers, like most office workers, are among those who spend the least amount of energy during the working day - up to 139 W. They perform work of category Ia (Appendix 1 to SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16). The following optimal climate indicators have been established for them (clause 2.2.5 of SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16):

Working hours in hot weather according to the Labor Code

We indicated above what the normal room temperature is. Is this the answer to the question at what temperature can you work in a room? Yes, but with certain reservations. Of course, the temperature for the workroom is not specified in the Labor Code. However, it is noted that the employer is obliged to ensure safety and working conditions that comply with state regulatory requirements for labor protection (Part 2 of Article 22 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). And the standards established by SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16 are one of the mandatory rules.

• for individual entrepreneurs in the amount of 2 to 5 thousand rubles;
• for organization - from 50 to 80 thousand rubles.

And violation of sanitary rules and hygienic standards entails a fine (Article 6.3 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation):

• for individual entrepreneurs in the amount of 500 to 1000 rubles;
• for an organization - from 10 to 20 thousand rubles.

Or suspension of the activities of an individual entrepreneur or legal entity for up to 90 days.

Optimal microclimate characteristics in the workplace not only contribute to good labor productivity, but also preserve the health of workers. That is why creating favorable climatic conditions in production is definitely beneficial for every manager. However, only a few of them strive to comply with sanitary and hygienic standards in the field of temperature control. This can be explained very simply: maintaining an optimal microclimate requires expensive climate control equipment. And the very concept of “microclimate” is very subjective, because it is known that all people perceive the same temperature differently. Meanwhile Russian legislation contains clear requirements for the microclimate in production premises and determines the types of temperature conditions depending on the assigned category.

Premises of the first category

These premises are divided into two subcategories: “a” and “b”. Their main difference is the type of actions performed by workers.

Employees of a category “a” enterprise are engaged in sedentary work that involves little physical activity. The intensity of energy consumption in organizations of this category should not exceed 139 W. Examples of such industries are sewing shops, watch factories, instrument-making and automobile production, etc. Optimal temperature in this case it is in the range of 21-28 degrees.

The requirements for premises of subcategory "b" are slightly different. Here, ensuring an optimal microclimate should be carried out in such a way that the temperature is maintained at least 20 degrees. The intensity of energy consumption in such premises should be no more than 174 W.

Premises of the second category

The next category of premises is characterized not only by increased energy consumption (over 232 W), but also by the nature of work responsibilities. Subcategory “a” involves moving and moving small loads by workers in a sitting or standing position. For this subcategory, the optimal temperature range is 18-27 degrees.

The work of workers in subcategory "b" involves lifting moderately heavy loads (1-10 kg), and the lower temperature limit for them is at 16 degrees. The second category of production includes forging and rolling workshops, assembly shops and conveyor lines of various enterprises.

Premises of the third category

In the case when the intensity of energy consumption at an enterprise is above 290 W, it is advisable to talk about a room of the third category. The most precise temperature conditions have been established for them. Workers in such industries engage in heavy physical labor and move loads weighing more than 10 kg. The optimal temperature in this case is within 15-26 degrees, i.e. this is the lowest temperature regime. The premises of the third category include workshops for metal processing, assembly of building structures, etc.

Dependence of temperature on season

Temperature standards for various types enterprises may fluctuate within insignificant limits depending on the time of year. The permissible temperature fluctuation limit is 3-4 degrees. To calculate the temperature norm, the average daily indicator is used, since it is different for different seasons. Of course, optimal temperature conditions at an enterprise cannot be determined solely by standards; many other factors must be taken into account (for example, the recommended temperature conditions for operating equipment), as well as the individual characteristics of the worker’s body.

Temperature recording

Temperature control cannot be carried out correctly without the use of special measuring instruments. Of course, we are not talking about household thermometers. At a minimum, these should be thermometers intended for use in office and industrial premises. The measurement procedure itself is also different. For example, when monitoring temperature conditions in summer, measurements must be carried out on days when the deviation of instrument readings from the corresponding readings of the hottest month does not exceed 5 degrees.

The frequency of such measurements depends on many factors. Among them we can note the stability of work operations, stages production processes, operation of communication systems, etc. On average, this procedure must be carried out 3 times per work shift.

Methods of temperature regulation

This function is performed by communication systems, namely: ventilation, heating, ventilation and thermal insulation systems. Another way to control temperature is through air cooling devices (such as air conditioners). Special systems air showering also ensures regulation of air injection speed and organization of optimal temperature conditions.

If the design of the premises does not allow the installation of such equipment, it is necessary to equip a special room for employees to rest.

Consequences of non-compliance with temperature conditions

Complaints from enterprise employees about temperature conditions in organizations that do not meet standards are, unfortunately, not uncommon. If there is no response from management in response to a written notification to employees about an uncomfortable microclimate, they have the legal right to go to court demanding financial compensation for moral and physical harm caused to them.

In this case, the manager faces administrative punishment in the form of a fine of several tens of thousands of rubles. Also, by court decision, an enterprise can be temporarily closed for a period of up to three months.

Shortening working hours due to temperature

The decision to reduce working hours is made by the head of the enterprise. The reason for this may be extremely low or high temperature conditions. However, the workers themselves can demand this, since, according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the workplace must necessarily comply with state standards, and the work process must not have a harmful effect on the body. According to the rules, if temperature measurements taken three times during one work shift show a significant deviation from the norm, the manager may decide to shorten the working day.

If workers work outdoors, it is necessary to organize special breaks for heating, which are taken into account in working hours.

Thus, the task of every manager is to provide comfortable working conditions for his employees, since their activity itself involves a certain load on the body. It is a mistake to believe that the work of office workers does not require temperature control. As is known, exercise stress helps keep the body in good shape, as a result of which the impact of the temperature regime is not felt as strongly as during sedentary work. In addition, monotonous work and great responsibility involve a large psychological load on the body, which contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases.

Therefore, maintaining an optimal microclimate in production helps not only to increase labor efficiency, but also to prevent harmful effects on the health of employees.

The normal operation of the central heating system in the cold season is a topic that worries every city dweller. Unfortunately, in practice it often turns out that residential heating services are provided by utility services of poor quality. Situations often arise when the heating seems to be working, but the apartments are cold, residents have to turn on additional heating devices and pay significant electricity bills. In order not to incur unnecessary expenses, it is useful to know what temperature should be in living rooms, what documents establish this standard, and what to do if it is not observed.

Temperature in the apartment are determined by the Rules for providing utilities, which were approved by Resolution No. 354 of 05/06/2011. In accordance with this document, the air temperature in the room should not fall below 18˚C, and in corner rooms - below 20˚C. It is allowed to reduce the standard temperature at night, but not more than 3˚C. During the day, descent is not allowed.

If the temperature deviates from these values, then the heating service fee must be recalculated downwards by 0.15% of the fee for each hour of deviation from the norm.

In addition, the optimal and permissible temperature values ​​in residential premises are established by SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10. Moreover, they are determined separately for each room in the apartment. Thus, the permissible temperature in a living room during the cold season is 18-24˚С, and in the inter-apartment corridor - 16-22˚С. The temperature of water heating radiators should not exceed 90˚C.

What can affect the temperature in the apartment?

The temperature in living rooms depends on several factors. Not only hot batteries, but also the care of the owners to reduce heat loss will help maintain the required temperature regime. Therefore, it is important to know what measures to preserve heat in the room should be carried out and what to pay attention to:

1. Volume of heating radiators. Obviously, the larger the battery, the warmer the room. But it is undesirable to increase the number of radiator sections without permission. Because of this, the pressure in the heating system may decrease, the battery will heat up weakly or not completely.
2. Installing energy-saving double-glazed windows increases the room temperature by several degrees. As a last resort, you can also insulate old window frames to prevent cold and wind from penetrating into the rooms.
3. Insulating the walls of the house also reduces heat loss during the cold season, especially if the room is corner. You can insulate the walls inside or outside the apartment.
4. A heat-reflecting screen installed on the wall next to the radiator will direct heat into the apartment, rather than heating the wall.
5. You can put insulated linoleum or carpet on the floor.

Heat saving measures should not be neglected, because if the apartment has cold walls or it is blowing through the windows, then even hot radiators will not be able to warm the air in the room to the temperature standard for residential premises.

How to measure air temperature correctly?

Methods for monitoring air temperature are established by GOST 30494-2011. It is allowed to take measurements in the cold season when the outside air temperature is no higher than minus 5˚C. Measurements cannot be taken during daylight hours with a cloudless sky. This is due to the fact that those entering the rooms sunlight heats the room, so measurements will be inaccurate.

Measure the room temperature at a distance of 10 cm, 1 m 10 cm and 1 m 70 cm from the floor. Measurements at these heights are taken in the center of the room and at a distance of 50 cm from the outer walls. The temperature of walls and floors is measured at the center of the surface.

How to measure the coolant temperature?

The coolant in central heating radiators is water. You can find out its temperature using a meter. You can measure the temperature yourself using a regular alcohol thermometer. The alcohol measuring device is tightly wound to the heating radiator and covered with heat-insulating material.

More accurate readings are provided by professional measuring instruments - digital contact thermometers. They consist of an electronic unit and a submersible probe. Such devices are most often used by specialists from independent control laboratories.

In addition, the temperature in the central heating radiators is shown by metering devices hot water. But such devices are usually common in the house, and their readings reflect the level of heating of the coolant as a whole in the heating system.

What to do if the temperature in your living space is below normal?

If central heating does not provide the required temperature in residential premises, it means that the service is of poor quality. The procedure for dealing with this situation is provided for by the Rules for the provision of public services.

The owner of the apartment should report the violation to the emergency dispatch service of the management organization in writing or by telephone. The dispatcher must register the request, and he must provide his full name, number and time of registration of the message. Upon receipt of the application, the management company conducts an inspection, having agreed on the time with the owner of the premises.

Important: If the owner has not set his own time for the inspection, then it must be carried out within two hours from the moment the application is registered.

Based on the results of the inspection, a report is drawn up. If the fact of providing a low-quality service is established, then the report indicates what violations were identified, what methods and tools were used to measure, and the date and time of the inspection. All persons participating in the survey sign the document, 1 copy remains with the owner. If a dispute arises between the owner and representatives of the management organization who are conducting the inspection regarding the quality of the space heating service, then a repeat inspection is carried out with the participation of a representative of the State Housing Inspectorate and a public association of consumers.

In the event that the management company did not carry out the inspection within the required time frame, the owner has the right to draw up an act of checking the quality of heating in the premises in the presence of the chairman of the HOA and two neighbors. Based on the inspection report, the owner has the opportunity to demand a recalculation of the heating fee. To do this, you should send a claim to the management organization and attach a copy of the act to it.

The management company is obliged to eliminate all identified violations and ensure that the service is provided in full and of appropriate quality. To do this, representatives of the management company again conduct an inspection of the premises, based on the results of which a report should be drawn up again.

Thus, consumers, having information about the standard temperature in residential premises, can demand that management organizations comply with these standards. To receive quality public services, it is necessary that each owner defends his rights and personally participates in putting things in order in the housing and communal services sector. To protect their rights, homeowners can apply not only to the court, but also to public associations consumers.

Few people know that the temperature in the workplace has a significant impact on the health and performance of employees. For each season, temperature limits are established that every employer must adhere to. Their violation means non-compliance with workers' rights. If you encounter a similar problem, we recommend that you draw your attention to the contents of this article.

What temperature should the room be at work according to the Labor Code?

Each employee, when carrying out his professional activities, must know that labor legislation guarantees the protection of his rights. In relevant legal acts aspects that ensure the safety of life and the health of workers are noted. The temperature in the workplace directly affects the condition of the personnel. In view of this, the Labor Code provides following rules mandatory to comply with when working indoors:

• According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the manager is obliged to provide the workers with proper working conditions. In case of violation legislative norms punishment is provided;
• Carrying out sanitary, hygienic and other measures in the premises of the organization is provided for by law;
• Each office of the institution must be equipped with mechanisms for heating, ventilation and cooling;
• The law determines the temperature that should be in the room at different time of the year. If the temperature regime differs from that established by law, employees have the right to claim a reduction in working time. Deviation from the norm by two degrees reduces the duration labor activity.

Temperature conditions for office work

Office workers, like other workers, are subject to the principles outlined in labor legislation. This category of employees works in enclosed spaces, so temperature standards apply to them important.
The legal temperature for working in an office must be:

• In summer - 23-25 ​​degrees. In this case, a deviation from the norm of 2 degrees is allowed. After the temperature in the room has been established at 28 degrees, workers may demand a reduction in working time.
• In winter 22-24 degrees. The thermometer is allowed to fluctuate by 3-4 degrees.

If temperature violations occur at the place of duty, the manager is obliged to take appropriate measures. Such methods include:

• If it is necessary to cool or heat the room, special equipment must be provided;
• If possible, the employer should provide employees with additional breaks during work;
• Depending on the time of year, staff should be provided with hot or cold water.

What should the room temperature be at work in winter?

It is difficult to carry out work at low temperatures. In addition, low temperature limits negatively impact the health and productivity of employees. Therefore, the Labor Code has outlined the temperature regime necessary for normal activity. When working indoors in winter time The thermometer reading should be at 22-24 degrees. If the heating mode of the room was violated and the employer did not take the appropriate measures, then he may be punished.

• He may be brought to administrative liability, which entails payment of a fine;
• Or he will have to pay compensation for moral damages to the injured workers.

Temperature conditions when working outside in winter

Particularly harsh weather conditions in winter make it difficult to carry out work and negatively affect the health of workers. It should be noted that Labor Code There are some rules that all managers must follow. The relevant rules are as follows:

• When working outside in winter, the Labor Code of the Russian Federation notes the need to provide workers with special breaks for rest and heating. To do this, the employer must equip a premises that will serve for these purposes;
• The number of rest periods is determined based on a number of factors. It's about about the temperature outside, the specifics of work, climate. Depending on these conditions, pauses should be repeated every hour or hour and a half;
• All data and rules for working at different temperature conditions must be indicated in the internal labor regulations. They must comply with the law;
• The worker must have all the necessary equipment to carry out his duties outside in winter;
• In addition, the organization must provide staff with medications to restore performance;
• If workers are unable to continue due to low temperatures professional activity, then non-working time will be paid at a double rate.

Outdoor operating temperature

• At any time of the year, workers must have all the conditions that make it easier to carry out work.
• Only adults may be allowed to work at low temperatures outdoors. They must be briefed on safety precautions and a medical examination is also important.
• Work outdoors stops at the temperature established by law. Each region of Russia has an excellent temperature regime. In winter, limits are set at -25-30 degrees. In summer 35 degrees.
• In specially equipped rooms, the number of degrees should not be lower than 21. Special heating means must be present.
• Mandatory breaks in service are included in working hours and must be paid.

Temperature at work and shorter working hours

The law establishes that employees can count on a reduction in work hours if the temperature at the place of work does not meet the standards. There are some rules for reducing working hours:

• If the employer does not take action to change the situation, then the staff goes on vacation. In this case, payment for this period is made in double amount;
• For any deviation from the norm, the length of the day of service is reduced by an hour. One degree of temperature equals one hour of labor.

An important condition when carrying out work is compliance with all rules for protecting the health of workers. The temperature regime indoors or outdoors is important in service. Legislation ensures that all workers have the opportunity to protect their rights under the law. Therefore, if your employer violates your rights, it is recommended to turn to legal acts.