Vincent van Gogh, who gave the world his "Sunflowers" and "Starry Night", was one of the greatest artists of all time. A small grave in the French countryside became his final resting place. He fell asleep forever among those landscapes that Van Gogh left on his own - an artist who will never be forgotten. For the sake of art, he sacrificed everything ...
A unique talent gifted by nature
"There is something of a delightful symphony in color." There was a creative genius behind these words. Moreover, he was intelligent and sensitive. The whole depth and style of this man's life is often misunderstood. Van Gogh, whose biography has been carefully studied by many generations, is the most incomprehensible creator in the history of art.
First of all, the reader must understand that Vincent is not only the one who went crazy and shot himself. Many people know that Van Gogh cut off his ear, and someone knows that he painted a whole series of paintings about sunflowers. But there are very few who really understand what talent Vincent possessed, what a unique gift he was awarded by nature.
The sad birth of a great creator
On March 30, 1853, the cry of a newborn child cut through the silence. The long-awaited baby was born in the family of Anna Cornelia and pastor Theodore Van Gogh. It happened a year after the tragic death of their first child, who died within hours of being born. When registering this baby, identical data were indicated, and the long-awaited son was given the name of the lost child - Vincent William.
Thus began the saga of one of the world's most famous artists in the rural wilderness of the south of the Netherlands. His birth was associated with sad events. It was a child conceived after a bitter loss, born to people who were still mourning their dead firstborn.
Vincent's childhood
Every Sunday, this red-haired freckled boy went to church, where he listened to his parent's sermons. His father was a minister of the Dutch Protestant Church, and Vincent van Gogh grew up in accordance with the standards of education adopted in religious families.
In Vincent's time, there was an unspoken rule. The eldest son must follow in the footsteps of his father. This is how it should have happened. This placed a heavy burden on the shoulders of the young Van Gogh. While the boy sat on the pew, listening to his father's sermons, he fully understood what was expected of him. And, of course, then Vincent van Gogh, whose biography had not yet been connected with art in any way, did not know that in the future he would decorate his father's Bible with illustrations.
Between art and religion
The Church occupied an important place in Vincent's life and had a great influence on him. Being a sensitive and impressionable person, throughout his restless life he was torn between religious zeal and a craving for art.
In 1857 his brother Theo was born. None of the boys knew then that Theo would play a big role in Vincent's life. They spent many happy days. We walked for a long time among the surrounding fields and knew all the paths around.
The giftedness of young Vincent
Nature in the rural outback, where Vincent van Gogh was born and raised, would later become a red thread running through all his art. The hard work of the peasants left a deep impression in his soul. He developed a romantic perception of rural life, respected the inhabitants of this area and was proud of their neighborhood. After all, they earned their living by honest and hard work.
Vincent van Gogh was a man who adored everything related to nature. He saw beauty in everything. The boy often drew and did it with such feeling and attention to detail, which are more often characteristic of a more mature age. He demonstrated the skills and craftsmanship of an experienced artist. Vincent was truly gifted.
Communication with mother and her love for art
Vincent's mother, Anna Cornelia, was a good artist and strongly supported her son's love for nature. He often took walks alone, enjoying the peace and tranquility of the endless fields and canals. When twilight was gathering and the fog was falling, Van Gogh returned to a cozy house, where the fire crackled pleasantly and his mother's knitting needles pounded in time with him.
She loved art and carried on an extensive correspondence. Vincent adopted this habit of hers. He wrote letters until the end of his days. Thanks to this, Van Gogh, whose biography began to be studied by specialists after his death, could not only reveal his feelings, but also recreate many events related to his life.
Mother and son spent long hours together. They drew with a pencil and paints, had lengthy conversations about the love of art and nature that united them. Father, meanwhile, was in the office, preparing for the Sunday sermon in the church.
Rural life away from politics
The imposing Zundert administration building was directly opposite their house. Once Vincent drew buildings, looking out of the window of his bedroom, located on the top floor. Later, he more than once depicted the scenes seen from this window. Looking at his talented drawings of that period, one can hardly believe that he was only nine years old.
Contrary to the expectations of his father, a passion for drawing and nature took root in the boy. He had amassed an impressive collection of insects and knew how they were all called in Latin. Very soon, the ivy and moss of the damp dense forest became his friends. In the depths of his soul, he was a true rural boy, explored the Zundert canals, caught tadpoles with a net.
Van Gogh's life took place away from politics, wars and all other events taking place in the world. His world was formed around beautiful colors, interesting, and peaceful landscapes.
Communication with peers or home education?
Unfortunately, his special attitude to nature made him an outcast among other village children. He was not popular. The rest of the boys were mostly the sons of peasants, they loved the turmoil of rural life. Sensitive and sensitive Vincent, who was interested in books and nature, did not fit into their society.
The life of the young Van Gogh was not easy. His parents were worried that other boys would be a bad influence on his behavior. Then, unfortunately, Pastor Theodore found out that Vincent's teacher was too fond of drinking, and then the parents decided that the child should be spared such influence. Until the age of eleven, the boy studied at home, and then his father decided that he needed to get a more serious education.
Further education: boarding school
Young Van Gogh, whose biography, interesting facts and personal life are of interest to a huge number of people today, is sent in 1864 to a boarding school in Zevenbergen. This is a small village, located about twenty-five kilometers from his home. But for Vincent, she was like the other end of the world. The boy was sitting in a wagon next to his parents, and the closer the walls of the boarding school approached, the heavier his heart became. Soon he will part with his family.
Vincent will yearn for his home all his life. Isolation from relatives left a deep imprint on his life. Van Gogh was a smart child and was drawn to knowledge. While studying at a boarding school, he showed great ability for languages, and this later came in handy in his life. Vincent spoke and wrote fluently in French, English, Dutch and German. This is how Van Gogh spent his childhood. A brief biography of a young age could not convey all those character traits that were laid down from childhood and later influenced the fate of the artist.
Education in Tilburg, or an incomprehensible story that happened to a boy
In 1866, the boy was thirteen years old, and elementary education came to an end. Vincent became a very serious young man, in whose eyes one could read boundless longing. He is sent even further away from home, to Tilburg. He begins his studies at a public boarding school. Here Vincent first got acquainted with city life.
Four hours a week were allotted for the study of art, which was a rarity in those days. This subject was taught by Mr. Heismans. He was a successful artist and ahead of his time. As models for the work of his students, he used figurines of people and stuffed animals. The teacher also encouraged in children the desire to paint landscapes and even took the children to nature.
Everything went well and Vincent passed his first year exams with ease. But over the next year, something went wrong. Van Gogh's attitude to study and work has changed dramatically. Therefore, in March 1868, he leaves school right in the middle of the school period and comes home. What did Vincent van Gogh experience at the Tilburg school? A brief biography of this period, unfortunately, does not provide any information about this. And yet, these events left a deep imprint on the soul of the young man.
Choice of life path
There was a long pause in Vincent's life. At home, he spent fifteen long months, not daring to choose one way or another in life. When he turned sixteen, he wanted to find his calling so that he could devote his whole life to it. The days passed in vain, he needed to find a purpose. The parents understood that something needed to be done and turned to the father's brother, who lives in The Hague, for help. He ran an art trading firm and could have gotten Vincent a job. This idea turned out to be brilliant.
If the young man shows diligence, he will become the heir of his rich uncle, who did not have his own children. Vincent, tired of the leisurely life of his native places, is happy to go to The Hague, the administrative center of Holland. In the summer of 1869, Van Gogh, whose biography will now be directly related to art, begins his career.
Vincent became an employee at Goupil. His mentor lived in France and collected works by artists of the Barbizon school. At that time in this country they were fond of landscapes. Van Gogh's uncle dreamed of the appearance of such masters in Holland. He becomes the inspirer of the Hague School. Vincent had the opportunity to meet many artists.
Art is the main thing in life
Having become acquainted with the affairs of the firm, Van Gogh had to learn how to negotiate with clients. And while Vincent was a junior employee, he picked up the clothes of people who came to the gallery, served as a porter. The young man was inspired by the world of art around him. One of the artists of the Barbizon school was his canvas "The Gatherers" resonated in Vincent's soul. It became a kind of icon for the artist until the very end of his life. Millet depicted peasants at work in a special manner that was close to Van Gogh.
In 1870, Vincent met Anton Mauve, who eventually became his close friend. Van Gogh was a taciturn, reserved man, prone to depression. He sincerely sympathized with people who were less fortunate in life than he was. Vincent took his father's preaching very seriously. After a working day, he went to private theology classes.
Another passion of Van Gogh was books. He is fond of French history and poetry, and also becomes a fan of English writers. In March 1871, Vincent turns eighteen. By this time, he had already realized that art was a very important part of his life. His younger brother Theo was fifteen at the time, and he came to Vincent for the holidays. This trip left a deep impression on both of them.
They even made a promise that they would take care of each other for the rest of their lives, no matter what happened. From this period, an active correspondence begins, which is conducted by Theo and Van Gogh. The artist's biography will subsequently be replenished with important facts precisely thanks to these letters. 670 letters of Vincent have survived to this day.
Trip to London. Important stage of life
Vincent spent four years in The Hague. It's time to move on. After saying goodbye to friends and colleagues, he prepared to leave for London. This stage of life will become very important for him. Vincent soon settled in the English capital. The Goupil branch was located in the heart of the business district. Chestnut trees with spreading branches grew in the streets. Van Gogh loved these trees and often mentioned it in his letters to his relatives.
A month later, his knowledge of English expanded. The masters of art intrigued him, he liked Gainsborough and Turner, but he remained true to the art he had come to love in The Hague. To save money, Vincent moves out of the apartment rented for him by the Goupil firm in the market district and rents a room in a new Victorian house.
He enjoyed living with Mrs. Ursula. The owner of the house was a widow. She and her nineteen-year-old daughter Eugenia rented rooms and taught, so that at least somehow. Over time, Vincent began to have very deep feelings for Eugenia, but did not give them away. He could write about this only to his relatives.
Severe psychological shock
Dickens was one of Vincent's idols. He was deeply affected by the death of the writer, and he expressed all his pain in a symbolic drawing made shortly after such a sad event. It was an image of an empty chair. who became very famous, painted a large number of such chairs. For him, it became a symbol of the departure of a person.
Vincent describes the first year in London as one of his happiest. He was in love with absolutely everything and still dreamed of Eugene. She won his heart. Van Gogh tried his best to please her, offering his help in various matters. After some time, Vincent nevertheless confessed his feelings to the girl and announced that they should get married. But Evgenia refused him, as she was already secretly engaged. Van Gogh was devastated. His dream of love was shattered.
He withdrew into himself, spoke little at work and at home. Was eating little. The realities of life dealt Vincent a heavy psychological blow. He begins to paint again, and this partly helps him find peace and distracts him from the heavy thoughts and shock that Van Gogh experienced. Paintings gradually heal the artist's soul. The mind was consumed by creativity. He went to another dimension, which is characteristic of many creative people.
A change of scenery. Paris and homecoming
Vincent became lonely again. He began to pay more attention to the street beggars and ragamuffins inhabiting the slums of London, and this only increased his depression. He wanted to change something. At work, he showed apathy, which began to seriously disturb his management.
It was decided to send him to the Paris branch of the firm, in order to change the situation and, perhaps, dispel the depression. But even there, Van Gogh could not recover from loneliness and already in 1877 returned home to work as a priest in the church, leaving his ambitions to become an artist.
A year later, Van Gogh receives a position as parish priest in a mining village. It was a thankless job. The life of the miners made a great impression on the artist. He decided to share their fate and even began to dress like them. Church officials were concerned about his behavior and two years later he was removed from office. But the time spent in the country had a beneficial effect. Life among the miners awakened in Vincent a special talent, and he began to paint again. He created a huge number of sketches of men and women carrying sacks of coal. Van Gogh finally decided for himself to become an artist. It was from this moment that a new period began in his life.
Regular bouts of depression and returning home
The artist Van Gogh, whose biography repeatedly mentions that his parents refused to supply him with money due to instability in his career, was a beggar. He was helped by his younger brother Theo, who was selling paintings in Paris. Over the next five years, Vincent perfected his technique. Equipped with his brother's money, he goes on a trip to the Netherlands. Makes sketches, paints in oils and watercolors.
Wanting to find his own pictorial style, in 1881 Van Gogh ended up in The Hague. Here he rents an apartment near the sea. This was the beginning of a long relationship between the artist and his environment. During periods of despair and depression, nature was part of Vincent's life. She was for him the personification of the struggle for existence. He had no money, he often went hungry. Parents, who did not approve of the artist's lifestyle, completely turned away from him.
Theo arrives in The Hague and convinces his brother to return home. At the age of thirty, a beggar and full of despair, Van Gogh arrives at his parents' house. There he sets up a small workshop for himself and begins to make sketches of local residents and buildings. During this period, his palette becomes muted. Van Gogh's paintings come out all in gray-brown tones. In winter, people have more time, and the artist uses them as his models.
It was at this time that sketches of the hands of farmers and people picking potatoes appeared in Vincent's work. - Van Gogh's first significant painting, which he painted in 1885, at the age of thirty-two. The most important detail of the work are the hands of people. Strong, accustomed to working in the field, harvesting. The talent of the artist finally broke out.
Impressionism and Van Gogh. Self-portrait photo
In 1886 Vincent comes to Paris. Financially, he also continues to depend on his brother. Here, in the capital of world art, Van Gogh is struck by a new trend - the Impressionists. A new artist is born. He creates a huge number of self-portraits, landscapes and sketches of everyday life. His palette is also changing, but the main changes have affected the technique of writing. Now he draws with broken lines, short strokes and dots.
The cold and gloomy winter of 1887 affected the artist's condition, and he again fell into depression. The time spent in Paris had a huge impact on Vincent, but he felt it was time to get back on the road. He went to the south of France, to the provinces. Here Vincent begins to write like a man possessed. His palette is full of bright colors. Sky blue, bright yellow and orange. As a result, canvases juicy in color appeared, thanks to which the artist became famous.
Van Gogh suffered bouts of severe hallucinations. He felt like he was going crazy. The disease increasingly affected his work. In 1888, Theo persuaded Gauguin, with whom Van Gogh was on very friendly terms, to go visit his brother. Paul lived with Vincent for two exhausting months. They often quarreled, and once Van Gogh even attacked Paul with a blade in his hand. Vincent soon self-mutilated by cutting off his own ear. He was sent to the hospital. It was one of the strongest bouts of insanity.
Soon, on July 29, 1890, Vincent van Gogh died by suicide. He lived a life of poverty, obscurity and isolation, and remained an unrecognized artist. But now he is revered all over the world. Vincent became a legend, and his work influenced subsequent generations of artists.
1. Vincent Willem van Gogh was born in the south of the Netherlands to the Protestant pastor Theodore van Gogh and Anna Cornelia, who was the daughter of a respected bookbinder and bookseller.
2. By the same name, the parents wanted to name their first child, who was born a year earlier than Vincent and died on the first day. In addition to the future artist, the family had five more children.
3. In the family, Vincent was considered a difficult and wayward child, when, outside the family, he showed the opposite traits of his temperament: in the eyes of his neighbors, he was a quiet, friendly and sweet child.
4. Vincent repeatedly dropped out of school - he left school as a child; later, in an effort to become a pastor like his father, he studied for university entrance exams in theology, but eventually became disillusioned with his studies and dropped out. Wanting to enroll in a gospel school, Vincent considered tuition fees to be discriminatory and refused to study. Turning to painting, Van Gogh began attending classes at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts, but dropped out after a year.
5. Van Gogh took up painting as a mature person, and in just 10 years he went from a novice artist to a master who turned the idea of fine art upside down.
6. For 10 years, Vincent van Gogh created more than 2 thousand works, of which about 860 are oil paintings.
7. Vincent developed a love for art and painting through his work as an art dealer in the large art firm Goupil & Cie, which belonged to his uncle Vincent.
8. Vincent was in love with his cousin Kay Vos-Stricker, who was a widow. He met her when she was staying with her son at his parents' house. Kee rejected his feelings, but Vincent continued courtship, which set all his relatives against him.
9. The lack of art education affected Van Gogh's inability to paint human figures. Ultimately, devoid of grace and smooth lines in human images became one of the fundamental features of his style.
10. One of Van Gogh's most famous paintings, Starry Night, was painted in 1889 while the artist was in a mental hospital in France.
11. According to the generally accepted version, Van Gogh cut off his earlobe during a quarrel with Paul Gauguin, when he came to the city where Vincent lived to discuss issues of creating a painting workshop. Unable to find a compromise in solving such a trembling topic for Van Gogh, Paul Gauguin decided to leave the city. After a heated argument, Vincent grabbed a razor and pounced on his friend, who fled the house. On the same night, Van Gogh cut off his earlobe, and not his ear completely, as was believed in some legends. According to the most common version, he did it in a fit of remorse.
12. According to estimates from auctions and private sales, Van Gogh's works, along with , are among the first on the list of the most expensive paintings ever sold in the world.
13. A crater on Mercury is named after Vincent van Gogh.
14. The legend that only one of his paintings, Red Vineyards at Arles, was sold during Van Gogh's lifetime is not true. In fact, the painting sold for 400 francs was Vincent's breakthrough into the world of serious prices, but in addition to it, at least 14 more works by the artist were sold. There was simply no accurate evidence of the rest of the works, so in reality there could have been more sales.
15. By the end of his life, Vincent painted very quickly - he could finish his painting from beginning to end in 2 hours. However, at the same time, he always quoted the favorite expression of the American artist Whistler: "I did it at two o'clock, but I worked for years to do something worthwhile in those two hours."
16. The legends that Van Gogh's mental disorder helped the artist to look into such depths that are inaccessible to ordinary people are also untrue. The seizures, which were similar to epilepsy, for which he was treated in a psychiatric clinic, began with him only in the last year and a half of his life. At the same time, it was precisely during the period of exacerbation of the disease that Vincent could not write.
17. Van Gogh's younger brother, Theo (Theodorus), was of great importance to the artist. Throughout his life, his brother provided Vincent with moral and financial support. Theo, being 4 years younger than his brother, fell ill with a nervous breakdown after Van Gogh's death and died just six months later.
18. According to experts, if it were not for the almost simultaneous early death of both brothers, fame for Van Gogh could have come as early as the mid-1890s and the artist could have become a rich man.
19. Vincent van Gogh died in 1890 from a gunshot to the chest. Going for a walk with drawing materials, the artist shot himself in the heart area from a revolver bought to scare away birds while working in the open air, but the bullet went lower. He died 29 hours later from blood loss.
20. The Vincent Van Gogh Museum, which has the world's largest collection of Van Gogh's works, was opened in Amsterdam in 1973. It is the second most popular museum in the Netherlands after the Rijksmuseum. 85% of visitors to the Vincent Van Gogh Museum come from other countries.
Vincent van Gogh was born on March 30, 1953 in Grot-Zundert in the province of North Brabant in the south of the Netherlands, in the family of the Protestant pastor Theodor van Gogh. His mother Anna Cornelia was from The Hague, where her father ran a bookstore. In addition to Vincent, the family had six more children. Of all the children, the younger brother Theodorus (Theo) can be noted, he was four years younger than Vincent and the brothers were closely connected all their lives. At the age of seven, Vincent was sent to a village school, but a year later, his parents transferred their son to home education. Since October 1, 1864, Vincent has been studying at a boarding school in Zevenbergen, located 20 km from his parents' house. Two years later, on September 15, 1866, Van Gogh was transferred to the boarding college named after Willem II in Tilburg. Already in 1868, Vincent left this educational institution. Although, by all indications, learning was easy for him, Vincent easily mastered three languages - German, French and English, he recalled this period of his life as something gloomy, empty and cold.
Since July 1869, Van Gogh began work in the Hague branch of Goupil & Cie, owned by his uncle Vincent, the company is engaged in the sale of works of art. For the first three years of work as an art dealer.
Vincent Van Gogh
1866
Vincent settled in well, constant work with paintings plus frequent visits to local museums / art galleries made Van Gogh a good expert with his opinion. The works of Jean-Francois Millet and Jules Breton were very significant for the artist, and he repeatedly wrote this in his letters. In 1873, Vincent was sent to work for the London branch of Goupil & Cie. In London, he is defeated on a personal front, a certain Carolina Haanebik, with whom Van Gogh was in love, rejects his proposal. Vincent is greatly shaken, he devotes less time to work and more to Bible study. In 1874, Vincent was sent for three months to the Paris branch of the company, upon his return to London, the artist became even more isolated. In the spring of 1875, Van Gogh again in the Paris branch, he begins to paint himself, very often visits the Louvre and the Salon. The work finally fades into the background and in 1876 Vincent was fired from Goupil & Cie.
Van Gogh returns to England, where he takes an unpaid position as a teacher at a school in Ramsgate. In the summer of 1876 he moved to a school in Isleworth, near London, as a teacher and assistant pastor. Perhaps at this moment it comes to the idea to continue following in the footsteps of his father and become a preacher for the poor, there are different opinions about the motives for such a choice. In early November 1876, Vincent read his first sermon to the parishioners, describing it in his letter to his brother. In December 1876, Van Gogh visits his parents for Christmas, they persuade him not to return to England. In the spring, Vincent gets a job in a bookstore in Dordrecht, Van Gogh has no interest in working in the shop, he is more often busy with his sketches and translating texts from the Bible into French, German and English. From May 1877 to June 1878 Vincent lived in Amsterdam with his uncle, Admiral Jan van Gogh. With the help of another relative of his, the famous theologian Johannes Stricker, Vincent has been preparing all this time to enter the theological faculty. In July 1878, Vincent entered the preaching course at the Protestant missionary school of pastor Bokma in Laeken near Brussels, there are versions that Van Gogh was expelled from this course before his graduation, due to his temper. From December 1878 to the summer of 1879 Van Gogh became a very active missionary in the village of Patuage in the Borinage, in a very poor mining area in southern Belgium. Different researchers of Van Gogh's life have different assessments of Vincent's involvement in the hard life of the local population, but the fact that he was very active and persistent is undeniable. In the evenings, Vincent drew maps of Palestine, and this is how he tried to earn his living. The stormy activity of the young missionary did not go unnoticed, and the local Evangelical Society offered him a salary of fifty francs. By the autumn of 1879, two circumstances had developed that knocked Vincent off balance and put an end to his desire to become a preacher. Firstly, tuition fees were introduced in the evangelical school, and according to some versions, it was the possibility of free education that became the reason why Van Gogh suffered six months of deprivation in Paturazh. Secondly, Vincent wrote a letter to the mine board on behalf of the miners about improving working conditions, the mine management was dissatisfied with the letter, and the local Committee of the Protestant Church removed Vincent from his post.
Vincent Van Gogh
1872
Being in a difficult emotional state, Vincent, with the support of his brother Theo, decides to take up painting seriously, for which he goes to Brussels in early 1880, where he attends classes at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts. After a year of classes, Vincent returns to his parents' house. There he falls in love with his cousin, the widow Kay Vos-Stricker, who was visiting his parents. But all those close to him are against his passion, and Vincent, having lost faith in arranging his personal life, goes to The Hague, where he is drawn into painting with renewed vigor. Van Gogh's mentor was his distant relative, the artist of the Hague school Anton Mauve. Vincent writes a lot, because he himself adhered to the idea that in painting the main thing is not talent, but constant practice and diligence. Another attempt to create a semblance of a family fails miserably. Since his chosen one is a pregnant street woman Christine, whom Vincent met on the street. For a while she became his model, her difficult nature and his impulsive nature could not exist side by side. Communication with Christine was the last straw, Van Gogh broke off relations with relatives, except for Theo. The artist goes to the province of Drenthe, in the south of the Netherlands. There, the artist rents a house, which he uses as a workshop. Doing a lot of work bias towards portraits and scenes of the life of peasants. The first significant work, The Potato Eaters, was created in Drenthe. Until the autumn of 1885, Vincent worked hard, but the artist had a conflict with the local pastor and Van Gogh soon left for Antwerp. In Antwerp, Vincent again goes to painting classes, this time at the Academy of Fine Arts.
In February 1886, Van Gogh moved to Paris to live with his brother Theo, who was already successfully working as an art dealer at Goupil & Cie. Vincent begins attending classes with the famous teacher Fernand Cormon, where he studies the techniques of impressionism and Japanese prints that were fashionable at that time. Through his brother, he meets Camille Pissarro, Henri Toulouse-Lautrec, Emile Bernard, Paul Gauguin and Edgar Degas. The most important thing for Van Gogh in Paris is that he falls into his environment and this gives a strong impetus to his development. In Paris, Vincent arranges his "exhibition" in the interior of the Tambourine cafe, owned by the Italian Agostina Sagatori - she was the model for several of Van Gogh's works. Vincent received a lot of negative feedback on his work and this prompted him to further study the theory of color (based on the work of Eugene Delacroix). The palette in Van Gogh's works changes to a lighter and richer one, bright and pure colors appear. Despite the fact that the level of Van Gogh's skill has grown his work is not in demand, this fact constantly frustrates the artist. In Paris, Vincent created more than two hundred and thirty works.
By February 1888, Vincent, driven by the idea of creating a brotherhood of artists "Workshop of the South", went to the south of France in Arles. With the advent of spring, Van Gogh begins to work hard, not forgetting his idea from the "Workshop of the South". In Vincent's opinion, one of the key figures of the brotherhood of artists was to be Paul Gauguin, and therefore Van Gogh constantly writes to Gauguin with invitations to come to Arles. Gauguin refused to be persuaded to come, often referring to financial difficulties, but in the end, on October 25, 1888, he arrived in Arles to Van Gogh. The artist very often work together, but their speed and approach to work differ. Perhaps the fundamental point in the conflict between the two artists was the issue of the "Workshop of the South", but nevertheless, on December 23, 1888, an event took place that is known to everyone. After another quarrel with Gauguin, Vincent appeared at one of Arles' nightclubs and handed a handkerchief with part of his earlobe to a woman named Rachel, after which he left.
Perhaps this is a photograph of Vincent van Gogh
1886
In the morning, the police found Vincent in his room in a serious condition, in the opinion of the police, Van Gogh was a danger to himself and others. Vincent was rushed to the Arles hospital. Gauguin left Arles on the same day, informing his brother Theo about what had happened.
There are several versions of what happened - perhaps this behavior of Van Gogh was caused by the frequent use of absinthe, perhaps this is a consequence of a mental disorder, perhaps this was done by Vincent in a fit of repentance. There is a version that Gauguin (being rather sharp and having experience as a sailor) cut off part of Van Gogh's earlobe in a skirmish; recently discovered diaries of Rachel herself, who knew both artists well, speak in favor of this version. In the hospital, Vincent's condition worsened and he was placed in a ward with violent patients diagnosed with temporal lobe epilepsy. After the incident with Van Gogh's ear, about a week had passed and Vincent had almost returned to normal. Van Gogh is recovering quickly and is ready to work. Meanwhile, in March, about thirty residents of Arles write a complaint to the mayor of the city with a request to save them from the company of Vincent van Gogh. The artist is urged to go for treatment. In early May 1889, Van Gogh goes to the asylum for the mentally ill of St. Paul of Mausoleum near Saint-Remy-de-Provence. There he has the opportunity to work under the supervision of staff, some paintings of that period were made within the walls of the clinic, one of the most famous "Starry Night" . In total, during his stay in Saint-Remy, the artist created more than one hundred and fifty works. Van Gogh's condition in the clinic changes with periods from recovery and intensive work, to apathy and a deep crisis, at the end of 1889 the artist attempts suicide by swallowing colors.
Vincent leaves the clinic in the first half of May 1890, visits Paris for three days, where he stays with Theo and meets his wife and son, and then moves to Auvers-sur-Oise near Paris. In Auvers, Vincent rents a hotel room, but after a while he decides to move to the four Ravou's cafe, where a small room in the attic was rented out. July 27, 1890 Vincent van Gogh goes to the fields to work in the open air. But a few hours later he returns with a wound to his room at Ravu. He tells the Ravs that he shot himself and they call Dr. Gachet. The doctor reports the incident to his brother Theo, who arrives immediately. For what reason no action was taken to save the wounded Van Gogh is unknown, but on the night of July 29, 1890, Vincent Van Gogh died from blood loss. Vincent's tomb is located in Auvers-sur-Oise. Brother Theo spent all this time with Vincent. Theo himself survived Vincent by only six months and died in the Netherlands. In 1914, Theo's ashes were reburied next to Vincent's grave, and Theo's wife planted ivy on the grave, as a sign of the inseparability of the two brothers. The colossal fame of Vincent has a strong foundation - his brother Theo, it was he who constantly supplied Vincent with funds and sometimes directed his brother. Without Theo's efforts, no one would ever have known about the brilliant Dutchman Vincent van Gogh.
Vincent Van Gogh. This name is familiar to every student. Even in childhood, we joked among ourselves “you draw like Van Gogh”! or “well, you are Picasso!”… After all, only the one whose name will forever remain in the history of not only painting and world art, but also humanity is immortal.
Against the backdrop of the fate of European artists, the life path of Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890) stands out in that he discovered his craving for art quite late. Until the age of 30, Vincent did not suspect that painting would become the ultimate meaning of his life. The vocation ripens in him slowly, in order to break out like an explosion. At the cost of labor almost on the verge of human capabilities, which will become the lot of his rest of his life, during the years 1885-1887, Vincent will be able to develop his own individual and unique style, which in the future will be called "impasto". His artistic style will contribute to the rooting in European art of one of the most sincere, sensitive, humane and emotional trends - expressionism. But, most importantly, it will become the source of his work, his paintings and graphics.
Vincent van Gogh was born on March 30, 1853 in the family of a Protestant pastor, in the Dutch province of North Brabant, in the village of Grotto Zundert, where his father was in the service. The family environment determined a lot in the fate of Vincent. The Van Gogh family was ancient, known since the 17th century. In the era of Vincent van Gogh, there were two traditional family activities: one of the representatives of this family was necessarily engaged in church activities, and someone in the art trade. Vincent was the eldest, but not the first child in the family. A year earlier, he was born, but his brother died soon after. The second son was named in memory of the deceased by Vincent Willem. After him, five more children appeared, but only with one of them would the future artist be connected by close fraternal ties until the last day of his life. It would not be an exaggeration to say that without the support of his younger brother Theo, Vincent van Gogh as an artist would hardly have taken place.
In 1869, Van Gogh moved to The Hague and began to trade paintings in the Goupil firm and reproductions of works of art. Vincent works actively and conscientiously, in his free time he reads a lot and visits museums, and draws a little. In 1873, Vincent begins a correspondence with his brother Theo, which will last until his death. In our time, the letters of the brothers are published in a book called “Van Gogh. Letters to Brother Theo” and you can buy it in almost any good bookstore. These letters are moving evidence of Vincent's inner spiritual life, his searches and mistakes, joys and disappointments, despair and hopes.
In 1875, Vincent was assigned to Paris. He regularly visits the Louvre and the Luxembourg Museum, exhibitions of contemporary artists. By this time, he is already drawing himself, but nothing foreshadows that art will soon become an all-consuming passion. In Paris, there is a turning point in his spiritual development: Van Gogh is very fond of religion. Many researchers attribute this condition to the unhappy and one-sided love that Vincent experienced in London. Much later, in one of his letters to Theo, the artist, analyzing his illness, notes that mental illness is their family trait.
From January 1879, Vincent received a position as a preacher in Vama, a village located in the Borinage, an area in southern Belgium, the center of the coal industry. He is deeply struck by the extreme poverty in which the miners and their families live. A deep conflict begins, which opens Van Gogh's eyes to one truth - the ministers of the official church are not at all interested in truly alleviating the plight of people who find themselves in inhuman conditions.
Having fully understood this sanctimonious position, Van Gogh experiences another deep disappointment, breaks with the church and makes his final life choice - to serve people with his art.
Van Gogh and Paris
Van Gogh's last visits to Paris were related to his work at Goupil. However, never before had the artistic life of Paris had a noticeable influence on his work. This time Van Gogh's stay in Paris lasts from March 1886 to February 1888. These are two extremely eventful years in the artist's life. During this short period, he masters the impressionistic and neo-impressionistic techniques, which contributes to the lightening of his own color palette. The artist who arrived from Holland turns into one of the most original representatives of the Parisian avant-garde, whose innovation breaks from within all the conventions that fetter the enormous expressive possibilities of color as such.
In Paris, Van Gogh communicates with Camille Pissarro, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Paul Gauguin, Emile Bernard and Georges Seurat and other young painters, as well as with the paint dealer and collector dad Tanguy.
last years of life
By the end of 1889, at this difficult time for himself, aggravated by fits of insanity, mental disorders and a craving for suicide, Van Gogh received an invitation to take part in the exhibition of the Salon des Indépendants, organized in Brussels. At the end of November, Vincent sends 6 paintings there. On May 17, 1890, Theo has a plan to settle Vincent in the town of Auvers-sur-Oise under the supervision of Dr. Gachet, who was fond of painting and was a friend of the Impressionists. Van Gogh's condition is improving, he works hard, paints portraits of his new acquaintances, landscapes.
July 6, 1890 Van Gogh arrives in Paris to Theo. Albert Aurier and Toulouse-Lautrec visit Theo's house to meet him.
From the last letter to Theo, Van Gogh says: “... Through me, you took part in the creation of some canvases that even in a storm keep my peace. Well, I paid with my life for my work, and it cost me half my sanity, that's right… But I'm not sorry.”
Thus ended the life of one of the greatest artists not only of the 19th century, but of the entire history of art as a whole.
Vincent van Gogh (1853 - 1890) is one of the most brilliant and talented artists. Fate did not spare the artist, measuring out only ten years of active creativity for him. In this short period, Van Gogh was able to become a master, with his own unique style of painting.
Vincent van Gogh: a short biography
Vincent van Gogh: 1889
Vincent Van Gogh was born in the south of the Netherlands. Vincent received his first education at a village school, and in 1864 he studied at a boarding school.
Without finishing school, Vincent van Gogh in 1869 began selling paintings. While working in the firm, he gained great knowledge in the field of painting. By the way, Van Gogh loved and appreciated painting very much.
Four years later, Vincent was transferred to England, where his trading business skyrocketed. But, love blocked his path to a successful career.
Vincent van Gogh lost his head from love for the daughter of the mistress of the apartment in which he lived. When Van Gogh found out that she was engaged, he became indifferent to everything.
Van Gogh finds temporary solace in religion. Arriving in Holland, he went to study as a pastor, but after a while he dropped out.
In the spring of 1886, Vincent goes to France to visit his brother. In Paris, he met many artists, among whom were such names as Gauguin and Camille Pissarro. All the hopelessness of life in Holland is forgotten. Van Gogh paints expressively, vividly and quickly. He is respected as an artist.
Around the age of 27, Vincent van Gogh made the final decision to become an artist. You can safely call him self-taught, but Vincent worked hard on himself, studied books, copied pictures.
Van Gogh's affairs were rapidly going up, but failures again stood in his way ... and again because of love. Van Gogh's cousin Kay Vos, did not reciprocate the artist. On top of that, because of her, the artist had a big fight with his father. A quarrel with his father caused Van Gogh to move to The Hague, where he began a relationship with a woman of easy virtue Klasina Maria Hoornik. Vincent lived with a woman for one year and even wanted to marry her. The marriage was prevented by the family intervening in Van Gogh's personal affairs.
The artist returns to his homeland, where he lives for two years, and in 1886 he again goes to France to his brother. His brother, who was called Theo, supported Van Gogh morally and helped with money. It is worth saying that France was the second home for Vincent. He lived in this country for the last 4 years of his life.
In 1888, there was a quarrel with Gauguin, as a result of which, due to a mental disorder, Van Gogh cut off part of his ear. Although there are a lot of versions of this story, and no one knows for sure what exactly happened between Van Gogh and Gauguin. Perhaps it was alcohol that did its job, because the artist drank a lot. The next day, Van Gogh was placed in a psychiatric clinic.
