The theme of the little man using the example of the marmalade family. The theme of the “little man” in the novel F

Subject " little man"is fundamental to the entire work of F.M. Dostoevsky. Who are the “little people”? These are the poor, invisible in ordinary life characters. They do not have a high rank or a huge fortune, but they have retained spiritual wealth, kindness and humanity.

Rodion Raskolnikov is a prominent representative of “ offended by life of people". The creation of his theory is inextricably linked with living conditions. He is doomed to live his life in poverty and deprivation. The author skillfully emphasizes the wretched living conditions of the student, describing his housing, life and clothing. Rodion lives in the slums, in his dirty neighborhood you can always smell the unbearable smells of cheap drinking establishments. Rodion's closet is so small that it can be compared to an old stuffy closet, from the walls of which the old yellow wallpaper has long peeled off.

The main character’s home is a symbol of hopelessness.

The author creates a contrast between a tall, well-built young man and his old, shabby wardrobe. Rodion is ashamed to wear such clothes, but he has no other choice. Expulsion from educational institution, lack of means of subsistence, and a sense of injustice suppress the hero and push him to commit a crime.

A feeling of deep loneliness haunts the hero, despite the fact that there are a huge number of people around. After all, he is surrounded by the same poor, pitiful and embittered characters. They have long been incapable of compassion and humanity. This fact is proven by the reaction of the crowd to the confession of the drunken Marmeladov. The petty official openly talks about his humiliating situation in which he can no longer exist. Every day he has to silently watch the humiliation of his wife, the hunger of his children, and most importantly, the crippled fate of his beloved daughter Sonechka. Marmeladov, exhausted by mental torment, expects sympathy and understanding from his listeners, but the cruel crowd is only capable of ridicule and humiliation.

The description of the suffering of the Marmeladov family reveals the theme of “little people” in the best possible way. Thanks to detailed description difficult living conditions, everything around is shrouded in darkness and cold. Even the luxurious capital, St. Petersburg, is changing its appearance. In the work, she creates the impression of a gray, indifferent, dead and cruel city. The novel demonstrates back side of this city. Luxurious facades replace old dilapidated buildings in which people living offended by life live.

Another representative of the humiliated and insulted is Katerina Ivanovna. Famous author describes an exhausted woman. Every day she tries to clean up the house and feed hungry children. Her stepdaughter, Sonya, is also trying with all her might to help the family, but, unfortunately, she only accepts Possible Solution- go to the panel. Rodion's sister, Dunya, also deserves sympathy. She, like her brother, has to restrain her pride and pride, endure ridicule and bullying.

The novel “Crime and Punishment” is filled with similar images; the heroes of the work are constantly in need and are in conditions of existence that are unsuitable for life. normal people. These inhuman conditions force the characters to do Difficult choice: endure and live like this or die?

A sense of duty and responsibility does not allow Sonechka Marmeladova to decide to commit suicide. “What will happen to them?” - the girl says when Rodion is thinking about how to get out of their situation with dignity. She refuses physical death out of a desire to help her family, but thereby chooses complete spiritual death. The same can be said about Dunya. She decides to marry an unloved person, dooming herself to a joyless existence. For Dunya, her brother’s education and the well-being of her family are more important than other joys in life.

All this means that despite the severity of their situation, these people retain the most important human qualities - compassion, nobility and generosity. The author sympathizes with his heroes and at the same time admires their spiritual wealth, which they were able to preserve in such terrible conditions.

The theory of Rodion Raskolnikov is a product of a cruel world. It represents a protest against such conditions of existence. Committing a crime did not restore justice and did not make Rodion a “rightful” person. On the contrary, it brought a feeling of remorse and disappointment. But at the same time, even in a world of poverty and deprivation there is a place for bright feelings: love, friendship, compassion. This fills the author with the belief that over time, society can still improve and become less cruel. Love and respect for the people around us is the only way to create a civilized, humane society. Perhaps this is precisely the meaning the author tried to convey in his famous work.

The theme of the “little man” is one of the central themes in Russian literature. Pushkin also touched upon it in his works (“ Bronze Horseman"), and Tolstoy, and Chekhov. Continuing the traditions of Russian literature, especially Gogol, Dostoevsky writes with pain and love about the “little man” living in a cold and cruel world. The writer himself noted: “We all came out of Gogol’s “The Overcoat.”

The theme of the “little man”, “humiliated and insulted” was especially strong in Dostoevsky’s novel “Crime and Punishment”. One after another, the writer reveals to us pictures of hopeless poverty.

Here is a woman throwing herself off a bridge, “with a yellow, elongated, wasted face and sunken eyes.” Here is a drunken, dishonored girl walking down the street, followed by a fat dandy who is clearly hunting for her. Former official Marmeladov, who has “nowhere to go” in life, drinks himself into alcohol and commits suicide. Exhausted by poverty, his wife, Ekaterina Ivanovna, dies of consumption. Sonya goes out onto the street to sell her body.

Dostoevsky emphasizes the power of the environment over man. Everyday little things become a whole system of characteristics for the writer. One has only to remember the conditions in which the “little people” have to live, and it becomes clear why they are so downtrodden and humiliated. Raskolnikov lives in a room with five corners, similar to a coffin. Sonya's home is a lonely room with a strange acute angle. Dirty and terrible are the taverns, in which, amid the screams of drunken people, you can hear the terrible confessions of destitute people.

In addition, Dostoevsky not only depicts the misfortunes of the “little man,” but also reveals the inconsistency of his inner world. Dostoevsky was the first to evoke such pity for the “humiliated and insulted” and who mercilessly showed the combination of good and evil in these people. The image of Marmeladov is very characteristic in this regard. On the one hand, one cannot help but feel sympathy for this poor and exhausted man, crushed by need. But Dostoevsky does not limit himself to touching sympathy for the “little man.” Marmeladov himself admits that his drunkenness completely ruined his family, that his eldest daughter was forced to go to the panel and that the family feeds, and he drinks with this “dirty” money.

The figure of his wife Ekaterina Ivanovna is also contradictory. She diligently preserves memories of a prosperous childhood, of her studies at the gymnasium, where she danced at the ball. She completely devoted herself to the desire to prevent her final fall, but she still sent her stepdaughter into prostitution and also accepts this money. Ekaterina Ivanovna, with her pride, strives to hide from the obvious truth: her house is ruined, and her younger children may repeat Sonechka’s fate.

The fate of Raskolnikov’s family is also difficult. His sister Dunya, wanting to help her brother, serves as a governess to the cynic Svidrigailov and is ready to marry the rich man Luzhin, for whom she feels disgust.

Dostoevsky's hero Raskolnikov rushes around the crazy city and sees only dirt, grief and tears. This city is so inhuman that it even seems like the delirium of a madman, and not the real capital of Russia. Therefore, Raskolnikov’s dream before the crime is not accidental: a drunk guy beats to death a small, skinny nag to the laughter of the crowd. This world is scary and cruel, poverty and vice reign in it. It is this nag that becomes the symbol of all “humiliated and insulted”, all “ little people"on pages that are mocked and ridiculed the mighty of the world this is Svidrigailov, Luzhin and the like.

But Dostoevsky is not limited to this statement. He notes that it is in the heads of the humiliated and insulted that painful thoughts about their situation are born. Among these “poor people” Dostoevsky finds contradictory, deep and strong personalities who, due to certain life circumstances, have become confused in themselves and in people. Of course, the most developed of them is the character of Raskolnikov himself, whose inflamed consciousness created a theory contrary to Christian laws.

It is characteristic that one of the most “humiliated and insulted” - Sonya Marmeladova - finds a way out of the seemingly absolute dead end of life. Without studying books on philosophy, but simply following the call of her heart, she finds the answer to the questions that torment the student philosopher Raskolnikov.

F. M. Dostoevsky created a bright canvas of immeasurable human torment, suffering and grief. Peering closely into the soul of the “little man,” he discovered in it deposits of spiritual generosity and beauty, not broken by the most difficult living conditions. And this was a new word not only in Russian, but also in world literature.

The theme and image of the “little man” have been repeatedly touched upon by many Russian writers. Among those who addressed the problem of “little people,” one can name A. P. Chekhov, A. S. Pushkin, N. V. Gogol, and, undoubtedly, F. M. Dostoevsky, the theme of the life of the “little man” in society is found in one of its most famous novels"Crime and Punishment".

Marmeladovs

The “little people” of this work have their own thoughts, ideas and beliefs, but find themselves crushed by life. One of the first characters of this type to appear on the pages of the novel is Semyon Marmeladov, who tells Rodion Raskolnikov about his fate in a tavern. Marmeladov is a former official who lost his job and drinks constantly both because of this and because of fear and powerlessness before life. Marmeladov’s family, like himself, feeds on the money earned by his daughter Sonya at the panel. IN further development In the plot, Marmeladov dies after being run over by wheels. His wife also belongs to the “little people”, but she is somewhat different; she is not someone who meekly endures all the hardships that befall him. Katerina Ivanovna constantly recalls her prosperous childhood and her studies at the gymnasium. The woman carefully drives away thoughts of fall and poverty, but it is she who sends her stepdaughter Sonya to sell her body. Katerina talks about her aristocratic connections and dreams of opening a boarding house, with the help of this, as if fencing herself off from the terrifying reality and poverty. The behavior of Marmeladov’s wife confirms that she, too, was broken by all of life’s hardships, hiding behind her pride the inability to withstand the difficulties of fate.

Luzhin

Such a character in the work as Pyotr Petrovich Luzhin is absolutely not like the Marmeladov couple, however, he can be classified with full confidence as a “little people”. The selfish, inhuman relationships he preaches lead to the complete atrophy of good, bright spiritual feelings. Luzhin cares only about his own benefit and career; to achieve his benefit, he is ready for any humiliation and immoral acts, which he commits not directly, but meanly, on the sly, so as not to be held responsible for them later. People like Pyotr Petrovich are vile “little people” who can never be truly happy.

Sonya

But Sonya Marmeladova, who at first glance looks very much like a “little man” who meekly endures all the blows of fate, is actually not one. Sonya transgresses moral laws only to save a starving family, remaining a person with pure soul. Inner resilience and faith in God help the girl to endure with dignity all the humiliation that befalls her and even help others and feel sorry for them. So, it is Sonya who helps Raskolnikov first admit to committing murder, and then find peace of mind and faith in God.

Conclusion

Using the example of the novel “Crime and Punishment,” it is clear that F. M. Dostoevsky’s “little people” are still somewhat different from similar characters of other writers and have their own characteristics. All of them are unable to resist life’s adversities, which manifests itself in a variety of traits: for Marmeladov - in self-destruction, for Katerina Ivanovna - in exorbitant pride, and in Luzhin - in an unquenchable thirst for profit and power. However, the writer saw for such people the possibility of salvation, which is expressed for him in a sincere and strong faith in God, which gave Sonya Marmeladova the opportunity to somewhat rise above everyone and help Rodion Raskolnikov.

The theme of the “little man” is a cross-cutting theme in Dostoevsky’s work.
Peculiarities of the image of “little people” in Dostoevsky.
The image of Marmeladov and Ekaterina Ivanovna..
The image of Sonechka Marmeladova.
Raskolnikov and his family.

The theme of the “little man” is a cross-cutting theme for F. M. Dostoevsky throughout his work. So, already the first novel outstanding master, which is called “Poor People,” touched on this topic, and it became central to his work. In almost every novel by Dostoevsky, the reader encounters “little people,” “humiliated and insulted,” who are forced to live in a cold and cruel world, and no one is able to help them. In the novel “Crime and Punishment” the theme of the “little man” is revealed with special passion, with special love for these people.
Dostoevsky had a fundamental new approach to the image of “little people”. These are no longer dumb and downtrodden people, as they were in Gogol. Their soul is complex and contradictory, they are endowed with the consciousness of their “I”. In Dostoevsky, the “little man” himself begins to speak, talk about his life, fate, troubles, he talks about the injustice of the world in which he lives and the same “humiliated and insulted” as he.

In the novel “Crime and Punishment,” the reader sees the fates of many “little people” forced to live under the cruel laws of cold, hostile St. Petersburg. Together with the main character Rodion Raskolnikov, the reader meets the “humiliated and insulted” on the pages of the novel, and experiences their spiritual tragedies with him. Among them is a dishonored girl being hunted by a fat dandy, and an unfortunate woman who threw herself from a bridge, and

Marmeladov, and his wife Ekaterina Ivanovna, and daughter Sonechka. And Raskolnikov himself also belongs to the “little people,” although he tries to elevate himself above the people around him.
Dostoevsky not only depicts the misfortunes of the “little man”, not only evokes pity for the “humiliated and insulted,” but also shows the contradictions of their souls, the combination of good and evil in them. From this point of view, the image of Marmeladov is especially characteristic. The reader, of course, feels sympathy for the poor, exhausted man who has lost everything in life, so he has sunk to the very bottom. But Dostoevsky is not limited to sympathy alone. He shows that Marmeladov's drunkenness not only harmed himself (he is kicked out of work), but also brought a lot of misfortune to his family. Because of him, small children are starving, and the eldest daughter is forced to go out into the streets in order to somehow help the impoverished family. Along with sympathy, Marmeladov also arouses contempt for himself; you involuntarily blame him for the troubles that befell the family.

The figure of his wife Ekaterina Ivanovna is also contradictory. On the one hand, she is trying in every possible way to prevent a final fall, remembering her happy childhood and carefree youth when she danced at the ball. But in fact, she simply takes comfort in her memories, allows her adopted daughter to engage in prostitution and even accepts money from her.
As a result of all the misfortunes, Marmeladov, who has “nowhere to go” in life, becomes an alcoholic and commits suicide. His wife, completely exhausted by poverty, dies of consumption. They could not stand the pressure of society, soulless St. Petersburg, and did not find the strength to resist the oppression of the surrounding reality.

Sonechka Marmeladova appears completely different to readers. She is also a “little person”; moreover, nothing could be worse than her fate. But despite this, she finds a way out of the absolute dead end. She was used to living according to the laws of her heart, according to Christian commandments. It is from them that she draws strength. She understands that the lives of her brothers and sisters depend on her, so she completely forgets about herself and devotes herself to others. Sonechka becomes a symbol of eternal sacrifice; she has great sympathy for man, compassion for all living things. It is the image of Sonya Marmeladova that becomes the most obvious exposure of the idea of blood according to Raskolnikov’s conscience. It is no coincidence that, together with the old money-lender, Rodion also kills her innocent sister Lizaveta, who is so similar to Sonechka.

Troubles and misfortunes haunt the Raskolnikov family. His sister Dunya is ready to marry a man who is disgusting to her in order to financially help her brother. Raskolnikov himself lives in poverty, he cannot even feed himself, so he is even forced to pawn the ring, a gift from his sister.

The novel contains many descriptions of the destinies of “little people.” Dostoevsky described with deep psychological accuracy the contradictions reigning in their souls, was able to show not only the downtroddenness and humiliation of such people, but also proved that it was among them that there were deeply suffering, strong and contradictory personalities.

The greatness of man is a very unstable concept. Who it great person? Who's the little one? And is it possible to divide society into “Napoleons” and “trembling creatures” - a topic that has become cross-cutting in Dostoevsky’s work, once again raised in “Crime and Punishment”.

Foggy and rainy St. Petersburg becomes the backdrop against which human tragedies unfold. The main characters are inconspicuous “little” people, not officials or aristocrats, but completely degraded citizens. But not everything is as simple as it seems.

Rodion Raskolnikov, the key figure of the novel, ekes out a half-starved existence, cannot pay for his apartment, which is why he decides to commit a serious crime. Poverty also pushes him to pawn a gift - a ring from his sister. But the murder that Rodion committed was not just a desperate attempt to survive. It is also a desire to overcome oneself. “Am I a trembling creature,” repeats Raskolnikov, “or do I have the right”? In this way, the young man seems to let himself into another world - the world of the chosen ones. But he does not know that he will not be able to cope with the burden of remorse that will fall on him later.

The problem of the little man in this novel smoothly flows into the problem of choice. After all, is this a sentence? We see Sonya Marmeladova, her father, stepmother. The father, driven into a corner by the system, does not find best solution all problems than alcohol. He becomes an alcoholic, leaving his own children without a future. Ekaterina Ivanovna, his wife, at first glance, has retained the remnants of humanity, however, she is more concerned about her own past than the fate of her adopted daughter and her own children. She revels in the memories of a magical past while dying of consumption.

But in Sonya Marmeladova we see a completely different approach to life choices. In difficult life situation she chose a path from which there is no way back - a “yellow” ticket. But one cannot call her poor in spirit and a “small” woman. She seeks salvation in spirituality, her inner strength Enough for the whole family, including Raskolnikov. Sonya gives hope by example: You can save yourself in any life situation.

Raskolnikov’s sister, who is ready to marry an unloved person, just to help her brother, deserves a separate discussion. This is also a choice, and a choice strong man who puts the interests of his family above his own.

Thus, the problem of the “little man” in Dostoevsky’s novel closely echoes the problem life choice. We see that in any life situation a person builds his own destiny, and it is never too late to take it into his own hands.

Attention, TODAY only!

Essay » Crime and Punishment - Dostoevsky » “Little People” in F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel “Crime and Punishment”

sochinenienatemu.com

F. M. Dostoevsky in his work showed the immensity of the suffering of humiliated and insulted people and expressed enormous pain for this suffering. The writer himself was humiliated and insulted terrible reality, which broke the fate of his heroes. Each of his works looks like a personal bitter confession. This is exactly how the novel “Crime and Punishment” is perceived. It reflects a desperate protest against the cruel reality that crushed millions of people, just as the unfortunate Marmeladov was crushed to death.
The story of the moral struggle of the novel's protagonist, Rodion Raskolnikov, unfolds against the backdrop of Everyday life cities. The description of St. Petersburg in the novel makes a depressing impression. Everywhere there is dirt, stench, stuffiness. Drunken cries can be heard from the taverns, poorly dressed people crowd the boulevards and squares: “Near the taverns on the lower floors, in the dirty and smelly courtyards of Sennaya Square, and especially near the drinking bars, there were crowds of many different types of industrialists and rags. Here rags did not attract anyone’s arrogant attention, and one could walk around in any form without scandalizing anyone.” Raskolnikov is one of this crowd: “He was so poorly dressed that another, even an ordinary person, would be ashamed to go out into the street in such rags during the day.”
The life of the other heroes of the novel is also terrible - the drunken official Marmeladov, his wife Katerina Ivanovna, who is dying of consumption, Raskolnikov’s mother and sister, who are experiencing the bullying of landowners and rich people.
Dostoevsky depicts various shades psychological experiences of a poor man who has nothing to pay his landlord’s rent. The writer shows the torment of children growing up in a dirty corner next to a drunken father and a dying mother, amid constant abuse and quarrels; the tragedy of a young and pure girl, forced due to the desperate situation of her family to start selling herself and dooming herself to constant humiliation.
However, Dostoevsky is not limited to describing everyday phenomena and facts of terrifying reality. He seems to connect them with the depiction of the complex characters of the novel's heroes. The writer strives to show that the everyday everyday life of the city gives rise not only to material poverty and lack of rights, but also cripples the psychology of people. The “little people” driven to despair begin to have various fantastic “ideas” that are no less nightmarish than the reality around them.
This is Raskolnikov’s “idea” about Napoleons and “trembling creatures,” “ordinary” and “extraordinary” people. Dostoevsky shows how this philosophy is born from life itself, under the influence of the terrifying existence of “little people.”
But not only Raskolnikov’s fate consists of tragic trials and painful searches for a way out of this situation. The lives of the other heroes of the novel - Marmeladov, Sonya, and Dunya - are also deeply tragic.
The heroes of the novel are painfully aware of the hopelessness of their situation and the cruelty of reality. “After all, it is necessary that every person at least have somewhere to go. Because there are times when you absolutely have to go somewhere. After all, it is necessary for every person to have at least one place where they would feel sorry for him. Do you understand, do you understand. what does it mean when there is nowhere else to go. “- from these words of Marmeladov, sounding like a cry for salvation, the heart of every reader contracts. They, in fact, express the main idea of the novel. This is the cry of the soul of a man, exhausted, crushed by his inevitable fate.
Main character Romana feels close connection with all humiliated and suffering people, feels moral responsibility towards them. The destinies of Sonya Marmeladova and Dunya are connected in his mind into one knot of social and moral problems. After committing the crime, Raskolnikov is overcome by despair and anxiety. He experiences fear, hatred of his persecutors, horror of a committed and irreparable act. And then he begins to look more closely than before at other people, to compare his fate with theirs.
Raskolnikov brings Sonya's fate closer to his own; in her behavior and attitude to life, he begins to look for a solution to the issues that torment him.
Sonya Marmeladova appears in the novel as a bearer moral ideals millions of “humiliated and insulted.” Like Raskolnikov, Sonya is a victim of the existing unjust order of things. Her father's drunkenness, the suffering of her stepmother, brother and sisters, doomed to hunger and poverty, forced her, like Raskolnikov, to cross the line of morality. She begins to sell her body, giving herself over to the vile and depraved world. But, unlike Raskolnikov, she is firmly convinced that no hardships in life can justify violence and crime. Sonya calls on Raskolnikov to abandon the morality of the “superman” in order to steadfastly unite his fate with the fate of suffering and oppressed humanity and thereby atone for his guilt before him.
“Little people” in Dostoevsky’s novel, despite the severity of their situation, prefer to be victims rather than executioners. It's better to be crushed than to crush others! The main character gradually comes to this conclusion. At the end of the novel, we see him on the threshold of a “new life,” “a gradual transition from one world to another, acquaintance with a new, hitherto completely unknown reality.”

41511 people have viewed this page. Register or log in and find out how many people from your school have already copied this essay.

The theme of the “little man” in F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel “Crime and Punishment”
What is the tragedy of the Marmeladov family? (Based on the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment”)

/ Works / Dostoevsky F.M. / Crime and Punishment / “Little People” in F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel “Crime and Punishment”

See also the work “Crime and Punishment”:

We will write an excellent essay according to your order in just 24 hours. Unique essay in a single copy.

Free exchange of school essays grades 5-11

Enter additional text next to links social networks. For example, who is the author of this site.
Work: Crime and Punishment
This essay has been copied 58,454 times

The theme of the “little man” was continued in the social, psychological, philosophical novel-reasoning by F. M. Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment” (1866). In this novel, the theme of the “little man” sounded much louder.

The scene is “yellow Petersburg”, with its “yellow wallpaper”, “bile”, noisy dirty streets, slums and cramped courtyards. Such is the world of poverty, unbearable suffering, a world in which sick ideas are born in people (Raskolnikov’s theory). Such pictures appear one after another in the novel and create the background against which tragic fates“little people” - Semyon Marmeladov, Sonechka, Dunechka and many others “humiliated and insulted.” The best, purest, noblest natures (Sonya, Dunechka) are falling and will fall as long as painful laws and the sick society that created them exist.

Marmeladov, who lost his human appearance from hopelessness, became an alcoholic and killed by immense grief, did not forget that he was a man, did not lose the feeling of boundless love for his children and wife. Semyon Zakharovich Marmeladov was unable to help his family and himself. His confession in a dirty tavern says that only God will pity the “little man”, and the “little man” is great in his endless suffering. This suffering is taken out into the street in the huge, indifferently cold Petersburg. People are indifferent and laugh at Marmeladov’s grief (“Funny man!”, “Why feel sorry for you!”, “He lied”), at the madness of his wife, Katerina Ivanovna, at the dishonor of his young daughter, and at the beating of a half-dead nag (Raskolnikov’s dream ).

“Little Man” is a microworld, it is a whole universe on a micro scale, and in this world many protests and attempts to escape from a difficult situation can be born. This world is very rich in bright feelings and positive qualities, but this micro-scale universe is subjected to humiliation and oppression by the huge yellow universes. The “little man” is thrown out into the street by life. “Little people,” according to Dostoevsky, are small only in social status, and not in the inner world.

F. M. Dostoevsky opposes the endless moral humiliation of the “little man,” but he rejects the path chosen by Rodion Raskolnikov. He is not a “little man”, he is trying to protest. Raskolnikov's protest is terrible in its essence (“blood according to conscience”) - it deprives a person of his human nature. Also F. M. Dostoevsky opposes the social, bloody revolution. He is for a moral revolution, because the edge of the ax of a bloody revolution will not hit the one for whom the “little man” suffers, but precisely the “little man” who is under the yoke of ruthless people.

F.M. Dostoevsky showed enormous human torment, suffering and sorrow. But in the midst of such a nightmare, a “little man” with a pure soul, immeasurable kindness, but “humiliated and insulted”, he is great in moral terms, in his nature.

The “little man” in Dostoevsky’s image protests against social injustice. main feature Dostoevsky's worldview is philanthropy, paying attention not to a person's position on the social ladder, but to nature, his soul - these are the main qualities by which a person must be judged.
F.M. Dostoevsky wished better life for the pure, kind, selfless, noble, soulful, honest, thinking, sensitive, reasoning, spiritually exalted and trying to protest against injustice; but a poor, practically defenseless, “humiliated and insulted” “little man.”

The theme of the “little man” in the novel by F. M. Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment”

The theme of the “little man” is a cross-cutting theme in Dostoevsky’s work.
Peculiarities of the image of “little people” in Dostoevsky.
The image of Marmeladov and Ekaterina Ivanovna..
The image of Sonechka Marmeladova.
Raskolnikov and his family.

The theme of the “little man” is a cross-cutting theme for F. M. Dostoevsky throughout his work. Thus, already the first novel of the outstanding master, called “Poor People,” touched on this topic, and it became the main one in his work. In almost every novel by Dostoevsky, the reader encounters “little people,” “humiliated and insulted,” who are forced to live in a cold and cruel world, and no one is able to help them. In the novel “Crime and Punishment” the theme of the “little man” is revealed with special passion, with special love for these people.
Dostoevsky had a fundamentally new approach to depicting “little people.” These are no longer dumb and downtrodden people, as they were in Gogol. Their soul is complex and contradictory, they are endowed with the consciousness of their “I”. In Dostoevsky, the “little man” himself begins to speak, talk about his life, fate, troubles, he talks about the injustice of the world in which he lives and the same “humiliated and insulted” as he.

sochineniya-referati.ru

"Little Man" in the novel "Crime and Punishment"

“Little Man” in the novel “Crime and Punishment” is perhaps one of the main themes immortal work Dostoevsky. And here Fyodor Mikhailovich acted as a continuer of the tradition founded by Pushkin, Gogol and other writers who also paid attention to “little people” in their work. Later topic was developed in the prose of Tolstoy and Chekhov.

Who are these “little people”? What is behind this definition? Let's look at it using examples of images from Crime and Punishment.
The main character of the novel is a young student Raskolnikov. He dreams of universal justice, wants to change the world, longs for heroism and sees himself as Napoleon. But he lives in a pentagonal room that looks like a coffin, subsisting on bread and water and not refusing the help of his mother and sister, who are forced to earn money through hard work. Raskolnikov's aspirations are commendable, but in the end he becomes a banal killer, an ordinary, by our modern standards, prisoner.

The main character's sister is Dunya, a nice, kind, sensitive girl. She feels sorry for her brother and wants to help him. But in order to secure at least some kind of future for herself, Dunyasha decides to marry the hypocritical scoundrel Luzhin. The girl simply doesn’t see any other way out. Before her eyes is an example of a mother who works all her life, but cannot get out of hopeless poverty.

Members of the Marmeladov family also belong to the category of “little people”. And the most striking from this point of view is the image of Sonechka. Eldest daughter Marmeladova is half orphan. She has no mother, and her father married another woman. There are a lot of children in the family. They need to be fed. And Sonya becomes a prostitute. It's hard to name her girl lung behavior - this will be fundamentally wrong. After all, it’s not about Sonya’s promiscuity. Need drives her to such dirty work. And the father and stepmother do not hesitate to take the money Sonya received from clients. The head of the family drinks on them. And his wife buys food for the kids.

There are other “little people” in the novel “Crime and Punishment” by Dostoevsky. They are here literally at every step. Here is a woman with the yellowed face of an alcoholic about to drown herself in the river; and here a drunken, dishonored girl is wandering - and behind her is a fat, rich guy who has already laid eyes on her young body. The whole novel is literally teeming with “little people”... And it’s scary how many there are; how hard and joyless their life is...

But each of the heroes has a pure and light soul. They would like to do noble deeds, do something great for humanity. But basic everyday problems, eternal poverty and dirt suck them in like a swamp. People are becoming smaller, degrading... And only love can lift them above routine. Dostoevsky showed this to the reader with the example of Sonya, who follows her sweetheart to hard labor. And at the same time – happy. This is salvation from grinding! This is the path to greatness! Former prostitute found him. And she gave hope to all those who are sitting at the bottom of the abyss and do not know how to get out of it.

vsesochineniya.ru

on divorce Registration of divorce Grounds for state registration divorce is: a joint application for divorce of spouses who do not have common children under […]
Educational program short-stay groups "Happy Baby" (for children from 1 to 3 years old who do not attend kindergarten) Relevance. Childhood is years of miracles! The experience of this period is largely [...]
Law on preschool education From the beginning of the new school year in 2013 a new the federal law No. 273 “On education in Russian Federation" First of all, the amendments affected [...]