/ / / Comparative characteristics Chatsky and Famusov
The main conflict in the innovative comedy of Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov was the split in the nobility. At the turn of two centuries after the just ended Patriotic War the landowners needed to change something in their lives.
Some conservative-minded layers did not want changes, others, on the contrary, wanted to increase the value of the individual and change the status of civic consciousness. It was between these two groups that the struggle began, which the author so clearly and truthfully showed in his work. The main opponents belonging to different camps were and.
Griboyedov himself clearly outlined the position of the comedy: 25 fools and one sensible young man, by which he means, of course, Alexander Andreevich Chatsky.
But Famusov cannot be classified as a fool. It would be wrong. The two heroes have their own truth, different, but both of them give all their strength to defend it. And everyone, of course, has a mind, but its quality is different.
The mind of a nobleman, negatively inclined towards transformation, is aimed only at preserving the old way of life, a warm, familiar place. And everything new is a real threat; this cannot be allowed. These are the views of Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov.
Alexander Andreevich has a flexible mind, young man attracts new values, they are closer to him. He advocates with all his soul and heart for the dignity of a person, and not for evaluation by the number of bills in his wallet and rank.
As for other questions of the comparative characteristics of the two heroes, their opinions differ on everything. Chatsky advocates education, he is a good writer and translator. Famusov, on the contrary, considers education to be a great harm; in the opinion of the landowner, it is fraught with danger and does not bring any benefit. It is much easier to live in comfort and constant entertainment.
The heroes also have no unity regarding service. Chatsky does not serve because he does not see any benefit for himself in this matter. It is not in his nature to serve. But the Famus society, led by the landowner, sees nothing wrong with bending over to higher ranks. For them, this is an opportunity for career advancement. And under no circumstances should it be missed. Even being a jester, like Pavel Afanasyevich’s late uncle, is not scary. Making the public laugh and getting weight in society for it is a trifling matter. But that’s not how Alexander Andreevich works. The young man considers such behavior humiliation and would not agree to this for anything in the world.
Regarding the family, the opinions of Famusov and Chatsky also differ greatly. A wealthy nobleman takes the position that marriage is possible without love. The main thing is your position in society. Anyone who is poor will not be suitable as a second half for his daughter Sophia. Everywhere money is put at the forefront, and family relationships are no exception. Wealth and happiness are equated in Famus society.
But Chatsky cannot even hear such an opinion. He stands for living true feelings. For a young man, love is higher than material wealth, and no money can replace it.
Having carried out such a comparative description of the two main characters, we clearly see how vile and immoral Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov is. The fact is that the time for change has not yet come. Chatsky is driven out of Famusov society, christening him, with light hand Sophia, crazy. But still he is a winner, not a loser. Moscow is afraid of such people, their speeches are scary, they violate the usual way of life and comfort. Chatsky’s truth will win anyway, sooner or later. Historical changes are natural, and they are certainly coming.
The present century" and "the past century" according to the following characteristics: 1. Attitude to wealth, to ranks 2. Attitude to service 3. Attitude to foreign 4. Attitude to education 5. Attitude to serfdom 6. Attitude to Moscow morals and pastime 7 .attitude towards nepotism, patronage 8.attitude towards freedom of judgment 9.attitude towards love 10.ideals.Current century:
1. “They found protection from court in friends, in kinship, building magnificent chambers where they indulge in feasts and extravagance, and where foreign clients from their past lives do not resurrect the meanest traits,” “And for those who are higher, flattery, like lace weaving... »
2. “I would be glad to serve, it’s sickening to be served,” “Uniform! one uniform! In their former life, he once covered, embroidered and beautiful, their weakness, their poverty of mind; And we follow them on a happy journey! And in wives and daughters there is the same passion for the uniform! How long ago did I renounce tenderness towards him?! Now I can’t fall into this childish behavior...”
3. “And where the foreign clients of their past lives will not resurrect the meanest traits.” “As from an early time we were accustomed to believe that without the Germans there was no salvation for us.”
4. “What, now, just like in ancient times, are they trying to recruit more teachers from regiments, at a cheaper price?...we are ordered to recognize everyone as a historian and geographer.”
5. “That Nestor is a noble scoundrel, surrounded by a crowd of servants; zealous, they saved his honor and life more than once in the hours of wine and fights: suddenly, he exchanged three greyhounds for them!!!”
6. “And who in Moscow didn’t have their mouths clamped during lunches, dinners and dances?”
7. “And who are the judges? - Over the centuries of free life, their enmity is irreconcilable...”
8. “For mercy, you and I are not guys, why are other people’s opinions only sacred?”
9. Sincerity of feeling
10. Chatsky’s ideal is a free independent person, alien to slavish humiliation.
Past century:
1. “Be poor, but if you get enough, two thousand family souls, that’s the groom.”
2 “And for me, no matter what it is, my custom is this: it’s signed, off your shoulders.”
3. “The door is open for those invited and uninvited, especially for foreigners.”
4. “They would take away all the books and burn them,” “Learning is a plague, learning is the reason that today, more than ever, there are more crazy people, deeds, and opinions.”
5. Famusov is a defender of the old century, the heyday of serfdom.
6. “I’m called to Praskovya Fedorovna’s house on Tuesday for trout,” “On Thursday I’m called to a funeral,” “Or maybe on Friday, or maybe on Saturday, I have to baptize at the widow’s, at the doctor’s.”
7. “When I have employees, strangers are very rare, more and more sisters, sisters-in-law and children.”
8. Learning is the plague, learning is the reason. What is worse now than before, crazy people and affairs and opinions
9. “Be bad, but if there are two thousand family souls, that’s the groom.”
10. Famusov’s ideal is a nobleman of the Catherine century, “hunters of indecency.”
| Characteristics | This century | The past century |
| Attitude to wealth, to ranks | “They found protection from the court in friends, in kinship, in building magnificent chambers where they indulge in feasts and extravagance, and where the foreign clients of their past lives do not resurrect the meanest traits,” “And for those who are higher, flattery, like weaving lace...” | “Be poor, but if you get enough, two thousand family souls, that’s the groom” |
| Attitude to service | “I’d be glad to serve, it’s sickening to be served”, “Uniform! one uniform! In their former life, he once covered, embroidered and beautiful, their weakness, their poverty of mind; And we follow them on a happy journey! And in wives and daughters there is the same passion for the uniform! How long ago did I renounce tenderness towards him?! Now I can’t fall into this childish behavior...” | “And for me, no matter what’s the matter, what’s not the matter, my custom is this: it’s signed, off your shoulders.” |
| Attitude towards foreign | “And where foreign clients will not resurrect the meanest traits of their past lives.” “As from an early time we were accustomed to believe that without the Germans there was no salvation for us.” | “The door is open for those invited and uninvited, especially for foreigners.” |
| Attitude towards education | “What, now, just like in ancient times, are they bothering to recruit more teachers from regiments, at a cheaper price? ... we are ordered to recognize everyone as a historian and geographer.” | “They would take all the books and burn them,” “Learning is a plague, learning is the reason that now, more than ever, there are more crazy people, deeds, and opinions.” |
| Attitude to serfdom | “That Nestor is a noble scoundrel, surrounded by a crowd of servants; zealous, they saved his honor and life more than once in the hours of wine and fights: suddenly, he exchanged three greyhounds for them!!!” | Famusov is a defender of the old century, the heyday of serfdom. |
| Attitude to Moscow morals and pastimes | “And who in Moscow hasn’t had their mouths gagged at lunch, dinner and dance?” | “I’m called to Praskovya Fedorovna’s house on Tuesday for trout,” “On Thursday I’m called to a funeral,” “Or maybe on Friday, or maybe on Saturday, I have to baptize at the widow’s, at the doctor’s.” |
| Attitude towards nepotism, patronage | “And who are the judges? - Over the centuries of free life, their enmity is irreconcilable...” | “When I have employees, strangers are very rare, more and more sisters, sisters-in-law and children.” |
| Attitude to freedom of judgment | “For mercy, you and I are not guys, why are other people’s opinions only sacred?” | Learning is the plague, learning is the cause. What is worse now than before, crazy people and affairs and opinions |
| Attitude towards love | Sincerity of feeling | “Be bad, but if there are two thousand family souls, that’s the groom.” |
| Ideals | Chatsky’s ideal is a free, independent person, alien to slavish humiliation. | Famusov’s ideal is a nobleman of the Catherine century, “hunters of indecency” |
- Hero Brief description Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov The surname “Famusov” comes from the Latin word “fama”, which means “rumor”: by this Griboedov wanted to emphasize that Famusov is afraid of rumors, public opinion, but on the other hand, there is a root in the root of the word “Famusov” from the Latin word "famosus" - a famous, well-known wealthy landowner and high official. He is a famous person among the Moscow nobility. A well-born nobleman: related to the nobleman Maxim Petrovich, closely acquainted […]
- A. A. Chatsky A. S. Molchalin Character A straightforward, sincere young man. An ardent temperament often interferes with the hero and deprives him of impartial judgment. Secretive, cautious, helpful person. The main goal is a career, position in society. Position in society Poor Moscow nobleman. Receives a warm welcome in local society due to his origin and old connections. Provincial tradesman by origin. The rank of collegiate assessor by law gives him the right to nobility. In the light […]
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L-9. A.S. Griboyedov. "Woe from Wit." Chatsky and Famusov society.
Surrounded by a crowd of servants;
Zealous, they are in the hours of wine and fights
And his honor and life saved him more than once: suddenly
He exchanged three greyhounds for them!!!”;
“Or that one over there, which is for tricks
He drove to the serf ballet on many wagons
From mothers and fathers of rejected children?!
He himself was immersed in mind in Zephyrs and Cupids, Made all of Moscow marvel at their beauty!
But the debtors did not agree to a deferment: -
Cupids and Zephyrs all
Sold out individually!!!”
Khlestova:
“Out of boredom, I took with me
A little black girl and a dog;
Tell them to feed them already, my friend,
We got a handout from dinner”;
Khlestova about arapka:
“Imagine: they are paraded around like animals,
I heard there... there is a Turkish city...”;
Famusov:
“To work you, to settle you.
They’re ready to sell me for a pittance.”
Attitude to Moscow morals and pastime
“And who in Moscow didn’t have their mouths clamped
Lunches, dinners and dances?
“The houses are new, but the prejudices are old.
Rejoice, they won’t destroy you
Neither their years, nor fashion, nor fires"
Famusov:
“Everyone from Moscow has a special imprint.
Please take a look at our youth,
For young men - sons and grandchildren.
We scold them, and if you figure it out,
At the age of fifteen, teachers will be taught!
What about our old people? - How enthusiasm will take them,
They will condemn deeds, that the word is a sentence...
And sometimes they talk about the government like this,
What if someone overheard them... trouble!
It’s not that new things were introduced - never,
God save us!.. No. And they will find fault
To this, to that, and more often to nothing,
They will argue, make some noise, and... disperse.
What about the ladies? - anyone, try to master it;
Judges of everything, everywhere, there are no judges above them...
And whoever saw the daughters, hang your head!..
And indeed, is it possible to be more educated!
They know how to dress themselves up
Taffeta, marigold and haze,
They won’t say a word in simplicity, everything is done with a grimace;
French novels they sing to you
And the top ones bring out notes,
They flock to military people,
But because they are patriots.
I will say emphatically: barely
Another capital like Moscow will be found.”
Attitude to ideals
“Everyone breathes more freely and is in no hurry to fit into the regiment of jesters”;
“Now let one of us
He will focus his mind on science, hungry for knowledge;
Or God himself will stir up heat in his soul
to creative, high and beautiful arts.
They immediately: robbery! fire!
and will be known among them as a dreamer! dangerous!"
Famusov:
“That’s it, you are all proud!
Would you ask what the fathers did?
We would learn by looking at our elders:
We, for example, or the deceased uncle,
Maxim Petrovich: he’s not on silver,
Ate on gold; one hundred people at your service;
All in orders; I was always traveling in a train;
A century at court, and at what court!
A? what do you think? In our opinion he is smart.
He fell painfully, but got up well”;
Molchalin:
“How can you! his syllable is being used as a model here!”
Attitude towards education
“And that consumptive one, your relatives, the enemy of books,
To the scientific committee that settled
And with a cry he demanded oaths,
So that no one knows or learns to read and write?”;
“What is now, just as in ancient times,
The regiments are busy recruiting teachers,
More in number, cheaper in price?
It’s not that they are far off in science;
In Russia, under a great fine,
We are told to recognize everyone
Historian and geographer!
(Chatsky is ironic,
but for him this issue is not completely resolved)
For the Famusovs, education is the main reason for the “madness” that Chatsky and others like him are obsessed with.
Famusov:
“Tell me that it’s not good to spoil her eyes,
And reading is of little use:
She can't sleep from French books,
But the Russians make it hard for me to sleep”;
“We take tramps, both into the house and with tickets,
To teach our daughters everything, everything -
And dancing! and foam! and tenderness! and sigh!
It’s as if we are preparing them to be buffoons’ wives”;
Famusov:
“Learning is the plague, learning is the cause.
What is worse now than then,
There have been crazy people, deeds, and opinions”;
Khlestova:
“You’ll really go crazy from these, from some
From boarding schools, schools, lyceums, you name it,
Yes from lancard mutual training”;
Princess Tugoukhovskaya:
“No, the institute is in St. Petersburg
Pe-da-go-gic, that’s what their name seems to be:
There they practice schisms and unbelief
Professors!! - Our relatives studied with them,
And he left! At least now to the pharmacy, to become an apprentice.
He runs away from women, and even from me!
Chinov doesn’t want to know! He's a chemist, he's a botanist,
Prince Fedor, my nephew";
Skalozub:
“I will make you happy: universal rumor,
That there is a project about lyceums, schools, gymnasiums; There they will only teach in our way: once or twice;
And the books will be preserved like this: for special occasions”;
Famusov:
“... if we stop evil;
take all the books and burn them”;
Zagoretsky:
“No, sir, books are different.
What if, between us,
I was appointed censor
I would lean heavily on fables; Oh! Fables are my death! Eternal mockery of lions! Over the eagles!
Whatever you say:
Although they are animals, they are still kings.”
Attitude to service
The question of attitude to service has been raised since the times of classicism. The classicists considered service to the state (the enlightened monarch) necessary, and the Decembrists put service to the Fatherland in first place.
“I would be glad to serve, but being served is sickening”;
“Who serves the cause, not individuals...”;
Famusov about Chatsky:
“It does not serve, that is, it does not find any benefit,
But if you wanted to, it would be businesslike.
It’s a pity, it’s a pity, he’s a little head…”;
“When I’m busy, I hide from fun,
When I'm fooling around, I'm fooling around;
And to mix these two crafts
There are tons of skilled people, I’m not one of them.”
Famusov:
"I'm afraid, sir, I'm the only one who's dead,
So that a lot of them (papers) do not accumulate...; ...my custom is this:
Signed, off your shoulders”;
Famusov:
“Then it’s not like it is now,
He served under the Empress Catherine...”;
Famusov:
“With me, strangers serving as employees are very rare;
Only Molchalin is not my own,
And then because of business.
to the place
Well, how can you not please your loved one!...”;
Famusov Skalozub:
"You behaved well,
You’ve been a colonel for a long time, but you’ve only recently served”;
Molchalin to Chatsky:
“Well, really, why would you serve with us in Moscow?
And take awards and have fun?”
Attitude towards foreign
The relationship between the national and the European was an important problem for that time. National identity is the ideal of the Decembrists. The attitude of the “past century” to the dominance of foreigners and the foreign is ambiguous.
“As we have been accustomed to believe since early times,
That without the Germans we have no salvation!”;
“Well, he’s a gentleman.
We will be required to be with property and in rank,
And Guillaume!.. – What’s the tone here these days?
At big conventions,
on parish holidays?
A confusion of languages still prevails:
French with Nizhny Novgorod?”;
“Unfortunate ones! Should there be no reproaches?
From wannabe milliners?
For daring to choose
Original lists?
(about Moscow fashionistas copying foreign fashion);
“I sent desires
Humble, yet out loud,
May the unclean Lord destroy this spirit of Empty, slavish, blind imitation;
So that he would plant a spark in someone with a soul, who could, with word and example,
Hold us like a strong rein,
From pathetic nausea on the stranger’s side"
“Will we ever be resurrected from the alien power of fashion?
So that our smart, cheerful people
Although, based on our language, he didn’t consider us Germans...”
Famusov:
“And all the Kuznetsky Bridge and the eternal French, From there fashion comes to us, and authors, and muses:
Destroyers of pockets and hearts!
When the Creator will deliver us
From their hats! caps! and stilettos! and pins!
And book and biscuit shops!”;
Famusov:
“Who wants to come to us, please,
The door is open for the invited and the uninvited,
Especially for foreigners..."
Attitude to wealth and rank
“The patrons yawn at the ceiling,
Show up to be silent, shuffle around, have lunch, put up a chair, pick up a scarf”;
They found protection from court in friends, in kinship, building magnificent chambers,
Where they spill out in feasts and extravagance,
And where foreign clients will not resurrect the meanest traits of a past life”;
“Now let one of us
Among the young people there will be: the enemy of quests,
Without demanding either places or promotion,
He will focus his mind on science, hungry for knowledge...”;
“Uniform! one uniform! He is in their former life
Once covered, embroidered and beautiful,
Their weakness, their poverty of mind...";
“Ranks are given by people,
And people can be deceived"
Lisa about Famusov:
“He would like a son-in-law with stars and ranks,
And under the stars, not everyone is rich, between us...”;
Famusov:
“What kind of aces live and die in Moscow!”;
Famusov about Skalozub:
«… A famous person, solid,
And he picked up signs of darkness;
Beyond his years and enviable rank,
Not today or tomorrow, General.
Please, behave modestly in front of him...”;
Famusov:
“Be bad, but if you get enough
Two thousand ancestral souls,
He is the groom";
Molchalin:
"Tatyana Yuryevna!!! Famous, at the same time
Officials and officials -
All her friends and all her relatives...";
Molchalin:
“After all, you have to depend on others”
Attitude towards nepotism, patronage
“Where, show us, are the fathers of the fatherland,
Which ones should we take as models?
Aren't these the ones who are rich in robbery?
They found protection from court in friends, in kinship...”;
“Aren’t you the one to whom I was born from the shrouds,
For some incomprehensible plans,
Did they take the child to bow?
That Nestor of noble scoundrels..."
Famusov:
“The deceased was a venerable chamberlain,
With the key, he knew how to deliver the key to his son...”;
Famusov:
"No! I crawl in front of my relatives, wherever I meet;
I will find her at the bottom of the sea.
When I have employees, strangers are very rare;
More and more sisters, sisters-in-law, children;
Only Molchalin is not my own,
And then because of business.
How are you going to present yourself to the cross?
to the place
Well, how can you not please your loved one!..”
Attitude to love, marriage, happiness
“What new will Moscow show me?
Yesterday there was a ball, and tomorrow there will be two.
He made a match - he managed, but he missed,
All the same meaning, and the same poems in the albums”;
“But does he have that passion? that feeling? that ardor?
So that he has the whole world besides you
Did it seem like dust and vanity?
So that every beat of the heart
Has love accelerated towards you?
So that thoughts are everything, and all his deeds
Soul – you? please you?
I feel it myself, I can’t say;
But what’s boiling inside me now, worries me, infuriates me,
I wouldn’t wish it on my personal enemy”;
Chatsky Sophia:
"Think, you can always
Protect, and swaddle, and send to work.
A boy-husband, a servant-husband, one of the wife’s pages, The high ideal of all Moscow husbands.”
Lisa:
“Sin is not a problem! Rumor is not good!”;
Lisa:
“Well, people in this side!
She comes to him, and he comes to me.
And I... I am the only one who crushes love to death!
How can you not fall in love with the bartender Petrusha!”;
Molchalin:
"And now I take the form of a lover
To please the daughter of such a man..."
Attitude to freedom of judgment
Chatsky to Molchalin:
“For mercy, you and I are not guys,
Why are other people’s opinions only sacred?”;
“Who are the judges? - In ancient times
Their enmity towards a free life is irreconcilable,
Judgments are drawn from forgotten newspapers
The times of the Ochakovskys and the conquest of Crimea..."
Molchalin:
"At my age one should not dare
Have your own opinion"
Attitude to the meaning of the word “mind”
“And sure enough, the world began to grow stupid,
You can say with a sigh;
How to compare and see
The present century and the past century";
Chatsky about Molchalin:
“Why not a husband? There is only little intelligence in him;
But to have children,
Who was not smart enough?”;
“Like dresses, hair, and minds are short!..”
Sophia:
"Oh! if someone loves someone,
Why search for intelligence and travel so far?”;
Famusov:
“The other one, at least be quicker, puffed up with all sorts of arrogance,
Let yourself be known as a wise man,
But they won’t include us in the family, don’t wonder at us...”;
Sophia:
“Of course, he doesn’t have this mind,
What a genius is to some, and a plague to others,
Which is quick, brilliant and soon disgusted, Which scolds the world on the spot,
So that the world can at least say something about him;
Will such a mind make a family happy?”;
Repetilov:
"Yes clever man can't help but be a rogue..."
Prepared by: N.D. Pronina, teacher of Russian language and literature
- - The past is the past to stay there.
Previously, it was perceived as a burden. I've heard it many times. I tried to understand, but the key was always missing. It's like... a whole lot of links. And now it's easier.
I looked with my usual lack of understanding, like, how can you let go of something that is so significant? But in reality... he was clinging. Too long and too much, afraid of emptiness. And you had to hold on to what is. Look straight ahead. "HOW IS THIS POSSIBLE." Like this. You take it and leave it.
I was probably at the wrong stage, or maybe I simply didn’t have enough strength.
Do you think I did it? No. It was as if it just happened. The attitude has changed and there is no scream tearing from within. I don’t want to say it at all, not even in a whisper. Because understanding has come.
Looked with different eyes. And.. rrraz.
It's there - I'm here. Everything is fine? Everything is fine.
***
There is very little left. Not in numbers, because Hamlet cannot be trusted with them. An intuitive axiom that brings early peace and at the same time intrigue. Hope for the best.
You approach a tall metal fence with horizontal bars painted a faded green color. You've been here many times. But this one is one of the few, the last.
Having stopped, you raise your head to the sky - because you have done this many times - and notice something that is fixed in your memory for several years in advance.
Clouds.
Weightless, permeated with oxygen powder, with a smooth, glossy coating the color of an angel's wing. And in this pre-dawn pink haze, your gaze catches one thing after another, and there is no counting of them. After all, why record something that you can simply enjoy? For a moment it seems to you that this particular picture is a description of paradise.
They remind me of Her. The ballerina who wanted so badly to play the flute. Now this gentle miracle is safe, after so much experience. She finally deserved... something else.
Different conditions, different attitude.
As I sobbed into my pillow, I screamed their names. I repented, as if there was a chance that they would hear me. And when, an hour or two later, I could at least come to my senses by knocking over a glass of ice water, I thought about how expensive my mistakes were. My unreasonable actions, rash words that hurt like a poisonous blade. "If I could turn back time, if I had any chance of seeing them, then everything would be different. I would not allow myself to be treated so carelessly, rudely and without the proper portion of warmth that they all so deserve." I thought about all this for days, in the background, without stopping. After all, if I smile, it does not mean that I have forgotten. This doesn't mean I don't have regrets. And some people are able to understand me in this.
"Let her tell you."
Her look told me.
And she... deserved this warmth.
___________________- _______
How long have we not seen each other?
- 4 months. And a half.
The length of time it took for me to return. My readiness for it. It would seem that it is small and weightless, but it is much more significant in its content.
A feeling you don't have to chase.
It is difficult to describe. Unaccustomed to many things.
Welcome back.
Now you're home.
P.S. I do not know what it is. It is difficult to identify in any way what I am experiencing now. Spring that has come to the soul, a kind of thaw? Warm and at the same time harsh.
And yet... I feel calmer.
