The largest cities in Russia. The largest cities in Russia by population

In the section on the question at what population size is city status assigned? given by the author Separate yourself the best answer is
Source:

Answer from Iadomir Piglitsin[master]
In Russia, a settlement can acquire the status of a city if it is home to at least 12 thousand inhabitants and at least 85% of the population is employed outside agriculture.

Answer from pregnant[newbie]
In Russia, a settlement can acquire the status of a city if it is home to at least 12 thousand inhabitants and at least 85% of the population is employed outside agriculture. However, in Russia there are quite a lot (208 out of 1092) cities with a population of less than 12 thousand people. Their city status is associated with historical factors, as well as with changes in the population of settlements that already had city status. On the other hand, some settlements that meet these requirements do not seek to obtain city status, so as not to lose certain benefits.
Source: Wikipedia

Answer from Oleg Abarnikov[guru]
It's different in different countries. In Russia, the approximate threshold is 12 thousand, but the functional-sectoral structure of the city must correspond to this status, i.e. the majority of the population should be involved not in agriculture, but in industry, the service sector, tertiary, quaternary sectors of the economy.
In other countries, the criteria generally differ radically. So, in Australia, a settlement with 250 residents can also receive city status (in addition, we remember that in English “city” can be expressed in several words - city - large city, town - small town, etc.), in the USA There are states with approximately the same requirements, and there are those, like Wyoming, where town status will be given to a city with a population of at least 4 thousand residents. On the other hand, in India, if a settlement has not reached 20 thousand inhabitants, then it is considered a village :) In Japan, the threshold is generally 30 thousand.

Answer from chevron[guru]
There are at least 10,000 people in Ukraine.

Answer from Antonov Konstantin[active]
In Russia with a population >12000

Answer from Kate[active]
In Russia, a settlement can acquire the status of a city if it is home to at least 12 thousand inhabitants and at least 85% of the population is employed outside agriculture. However, in Russia there are quite a lot (208 out of 1092) cities with a population of less than 12 thousand people. Their city status is associated with historical factors, as well as with changes in the population of settlements that already had city status. On the other hand, some settlements that meet these requirements do not seek to obtain city status, so as not to lose certain benefits.

Moscow, July 19 - “News. Economy". Every year the population of Russian cities is increasing. Demography is one of the main economic indicators of urban development, so it is important to monitor the dynamics of population changes. INNOV has prepared a list of the largest cities in Russia. The population of cities was used as the main indicator. According to Rosstat, large cities in Russia can be divided into several groups according to population size. Among them are cities with a population of 1.5 million to 500 thousand inhabitants (15 cities), 43 cities with a population of 500 thousand to 250 thousand inhabitants, and 90 cities with a population of 250 thousand to 100 thousand people. Below we present the top 10 largest cities in Russia. 1. Moscow

Population (as of January 1, 2016): 12,330,126 Change since 2015: +1.09% Moscow is the capital of the Russian Federation, a city of federal significance, the administrative center of the Central Federal District and the center of the Moscow Region, which it is not part of. The largest city in Russia by population and its subject, the most populous of the cities located entirely in Europe, is among the top ten cities in the world by population. Center of the Moscow urban agglomeration. 2. St. Petersburg

Population (as of January 1, 2016): 5,225,690 Change since 2015: +0.65% St. Petersburg is the second most populous city in Russia. City of federal significance. Administrative center of the Northwestern Federal District and Leningrad Region. St. Petersburg is the northernmost city in the world with a population of more than one million people. Among cities entirely located in Europe, St. Petersburg is the third most populous and also the first non-capital city in terms of population. 3. Novosibirsk

Population: (as of January 1, 2016): 1,584,138 Change since 2015: +1.09% Novosibirsk is the third largest city in Russia by population and thirteenth by area, and has the status of an urban district. The administrative center of the Siberian Federal District, the Novosibirsk Region and its constituent Novosibirsk District; the city is the center of the Novosibirsk agglomeration. Trade, business, cultural, industrial, transport and scientific center of federal significance. 4. Ekaterinburg

Population (as of January 1, 2016): 1,444,439 Change since 2015: 1.15% Ekaterinburg is a city in Russia, the administrative center of the Ural Federal District and the Sverdlovsk Region. It is the largest administrative, cultural, scientific and educational center of the Ural region. Ekaterinburg is the fourth most populous city (after Moscow, St. Petersburg and Novosibirsk) in Russia. The Yekaterinburg agglomeration is the fourth largest agglomeration in Russia. It is one of the three most developed post-industrial agglomerations in the country. 5. Nizhny Novgorod

Population (as of January 1, 2016): 1,266,871 Change since 2015: -0.07% Nizhny Novgorod is a city in central Russia, the administrative center of the Volga Federal District and the Nizhny Novgorod Region. Nizhny Novgorod is an important economic, industrial, scientific, educational and cultural center of Russia, the largest transport hub and government center of the entire Volga Federal District. The city is one of the main destinations for river tourism in Russia. The historical part of the city is rich in attractions and is a popular tourist center. 6. Kazan

Population (as of January 1, 2016): 1,216,965 Change since 2015: +0.94% Kazan is a city in the Russian Federation, the capital of the Republic of Tatarstan, a large port on the left bank of the Volga River, at the confluence of the Kazanka River. One of the largest religious, economic, political, scientific, educational, cultural and sports centers in Russia. The Kazan Kremlin is one of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The city has a registered brand “the third capital of Russia”. Kazan is the largest city in the Volga economic region. A compact spatial grouping of settlements has formed around Kazan, constituting one of the largest urban agglomerations in the Russian Federation. 7. Chelyabinsk

Population (as of January 1, 2016): 1,191,994 Change since 2015: +0.73% Chelyabinsk is the seventh largest city in the Russian Federation by number of inhabitants, the fourteenth by area, the administrative center of the Chelyabinsk region. Chelyabinsk is the seventh largest city in the Russian Federation by population and the second in the Ural Federal District. In 2016, a forecast was made according to which the population of Chelyabinsk should decline from this year, but the number of residents continues to grow. 8. Omsk

Population (as of January 1, 2016): 1,178,079 Change since 2015: +0.36% Omsk is one of the largest cities in Russia, the administrative center of the Omsk region, located at the confluence of the Irtysh and Om rivers. Omsk is a large industrial center with enterprises in various industries, including defense and aerospace. It is a million-plus city, the second most populous in Siberia and the eighth in Russia. The Omsk agglomeration has more than 1.2 million people. 9. Samara

Population (as of January 1, 2016): 1,170,910 Change since 2015: -0.08% Samara is a city in the Middle Volga region of Russia, the center of the Volga economic region and the Samara region, forms the Samara urban district. It is the ninth most populous city in Russia. Over 2.7 million people live within the agglomeration (the third most populous in Russia). A large economic, transport, scientific, educational and cultural center. Main industries: mechanical engineering, oil refining and food industry. 10. Rostov-on-Don

Population (as of January 1, 2016): 1,119,875 Change since 2015: +0.45% Rostov-on-Don is the largest city in the south of the Russian Federation, the administrative center of the Southern Federal District and the Rostov region. With a population of 1,119,875 people, it is the tenth most populous city in Russia. It is also the 30th most populous city in Europe. Ranks 1st among cities in the Southern Federal District. Over 2.16 million people live within the Rostov agglomeration (the fourth largest agglomeration in the country), the Rostov-Shakhty polycentric agglomeration-conurbation has about 2.7 million inhabitants (the third largest in the country). The city is a large administrative, cultural, scientific, educational, industrial center and the most important transport hub in the South of Russia. Unofficially, Rostov is called the “Gateway of the Caucasus” and the southern capital of Russia.

Russia. The vastness of this State has no end or beginning. In Russia, as in fact in any modern country, there are cities. Small, medium and even cities with a million people. Each city has its own history, and each one is different.

Every year, sociological research is carried out in populated areas, mainly a population census. The vast majority of cities are small settlements, especially since there are parts of Russia where settlement is not so intensive. The ranking presents the ten smallest cities in the Russian Federation.

City of Kedrovy. 2129 people

The city of Kedrovy is located in the Tomsk region and is very little known. Located in a pine forest, its purpose is a settlement for oil station workers.

Kedrovy was built in the eighties of the last century. This entire city consists of almost nothing but five-story buildings. Surprising: several five-story buildings in a pine forest. Probably its residents do not complain about the smell of exhaust fumes and the noise of cars. 2129 people – population of the city of Kedrovy.

Ostrovnoy city. 2065 people

Murmansk region. Located on the coast, near the Yokang Islands (Barents Sea). What’s most interesting is that it’s practically a ghost town. Only about 20% inhabited by people. There are no roads into the city. Railway lines too. Can only be reached by water or air. Previously, as those who still remained there say, planes flew, but now only helicopters flew, and then only occasionally. If you look at it from afar, the city is quite large, but if you know its population, it will be difficult to believe. In total, 2065 citizens live in this dying city.

City of Gorbatov. 2049 people

Approximately 60 kilometers from Nizhny Novgorod. The city is truly ancient; information about it was first recorded in 1565. Before it began to die out, it produces (and previously produced) ropes, ropes and other similar things for the navy.

Research was carried out, and the results indicate that 2049 people now live in the city. Apart from ropes and ropes, gardening is also very well developed in this city. There is also a souvenir products factory.

City of Plyos. 1984 people

Belongs to the Ivanovo region. There is information about him that comes from the chronicle of the Novgorod monasteries (1141), this information is the first. Some sources say that this city once had its own fortress, but when is still not clear. The population is falling, but the city will probably continue to attract tourists with its legend.

It is not like modern cities: there are no five-story buildings, no transport communications. It looks like an ordinary village, only bigger. The population is 1984 people. The city has no industrial enterprises.

City of Primorsk. 1943 people

His buildings are actually more modern. Reminiscent of little Pripyat, apparently built to the same standards. Located in the Kaliningrad region. Before the war it belonged to the Germans, but was captured in 1945 by the Red Army.

It acquired its name two years after the capture. Now it is home to 1943 people. As far as we know, it can be easily reached. Before the city belonged to the Soviet Union, it was called Fischhausen. From 2005 to 2008 it was listed as an urban-type settlement of the Baltic urban district.

City of Artyomovsk. 1837 people

In the last century, about thirteen thousand were registered (in 1959). The population began to plummet. It is located in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, about 370 kilometers from the center. It looks like a large plant in a mountainous area.

It is in fifth place in the ranking of the smallest cities in the Russian Federation. This city was founded in 1700; it was previously called Olkhovka, as it was surrounded by trees of this type. Now it is part of the Kuraginsky district. The population is falling, currently standing at 1,837 people. It is engaged in the timber industry, as well as the mining of gold, copper and silver.

City of Kurilsk. 1646 people

This city has a population of 1,646 people and is located on the island of Iturup. Belongs to the Sakhalin region. The Ainu, an indigenous tribe, once lived here. Later, this place was settled by explorers of Tsarist Russia. It is somewhat reminiscent of a resort village, although the climate for recreation is very unsuitable.

The area is mountainous, which adds more picturesque places to Kurilsk. He is mainly engaged in fish farming. In 1800 it was captured by the Japanese and only by 1945 it was occupied by soldiers of the Red Army. The climate is moderate.

City of Verkhoyansk. 1131 people

This city is the northernmost settlement in Yakutia. The climate is very cold; several decades ago the air temperature was recorded here, which was about -67 degrees Celsius. Winter is very frosty and windy.

This city is characterized by low rainfall. In 2016, its population was 1,125 people, and in 2017, according to the latest population census, it increased by 6 people. This city was built as a Cossack winter hut.

City of Vysotsk. 1120 people

It was built as a port. Located in the Leningrad region (Vyborg district). It came into the possession of the Soviet Union only in the early forties of the last century, and before that it belonged to Finland. It plays a strategic role, since the naval base of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation operates here. The population of the city of Vysotsk is, according to the latest data, 1120 inhabitants. Vysotsk is located in a very convenient place for border troops, right on the border with Finland. The port also has an oil loading function.

City of Chekalin. 964 people

Tula region, Suvorovsky district. In first place in the ranking of the smallest cities in the Russian Federation. In 2012 they wanted to recognize it as a village, but city residents began to protest and abandoned the status. Another, old name is Likhvin.

During the war, Likhvin was renamed Chkalin. The fact is that at this place the Nazis executed a partisan, who was then only sixteen years old. Received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union posthumously. Despite such a small population of only 964 people, in 1565 (the year of its foundation) it occupied an area of ​​approximately 1 square verst.

The population of modern Russia lives mainly in cities. In pre-revolutionary Russia, the rural population predominated; today the urban population dominates (73%, 108.1 million people). Right up Until 1990, Russia experienced a constant increase in urban population, contributing to the rapid increase in its share in the country's population. If in 1913 urban residents accounted for only 18%, in 1985 - 72.4%, then in 1991 their number reached 109.6 million people (73.9%).

The main source of the steady growth of the urban population during the Soviet period was the influx of rural residents into cities due to redistribution between and agriculture. An important role in ensuring high rates of annual growth of the urban population is played by the transformation of some rural settlements into urban ones with a change in their functions. To a much lesser extent, the country's urban population grew due to the natural increase in urban population.

Since 1991 for the first time in many decades in Russia the urban population began to decline. In 1991, the urban population decreased by 126 thousand people, in 1992 - by 752 thousand people, in 1993 - by 549 thousand people, in 1994 - by 125 thousand people, in 1995 . - for 200 thousand people. Thus, for 1991-1995. the reduction amounted to 1 million 662 thousand people. As a result, the share of the country's urban population decreased from 73.9 to 73.0%, but by 2001 it rose to 74% with an urban population of 105.6 million people.

The largest absolute reduction in the urban population occurred in Central (387 thousand people). Far Eastern (368 thousand people) and West Siberian (359 thousand people) regions. The Far Eastern (6.0%), Northern (5.0%) and Western Siberian (3.2%) regions are leading in terms of the rate of reduction. In the Asian part of the country, the absolute losses of the urban population as a whole are greater than in the European part (836 thousand people, or 3.5%, compared to 626 thousand people, or 0.7%).

The trend towards an increase in the share of the urban population continued until 1995 only in the Volga, Central Black Earth, Ural, North Caucasus and Volga-Vyatka regions, and in the last two regions the increase in urban population in 1991-1994. was minimal.

Basic reasons for the decline in urban population in Russia:

• the changed ratio of migration flows arriving in and leaving urban settlements;
• reduction in the number of urban-type settlements in recent years (in 1991 their number was 2204; by the beginning of 1994 - 2070; 2000 - 1875; 2005-1461; 2008 - 1361);
• negative natural population growth.

In Russia, it left its mark not only on the ratio of urban and rural populations in a territorial context, but also on the structure of urban settlements.

Population of Russian cities

A city in Russia can be considered a settlement whose population exceeds 12 thousand people and more than 85% of the population of which is employed in non-agricultural production. Cities are classified according to their functions: industrial, transport, scientific centers, resort cities. Based on population, cities are divided into small (up to 50 thousand people), medium (50-100 thousand people), large (100-250 thousand people), large (250-500 thousand people), largest (500 thousand people). - 1 million people) and millionaire cities (population over 1 million people). G.M. Lappo distinguishes the category of semi-medium cities with a population of 20 to 50 thousand people. The capitals of republics, territories and regions perform several functions - they are multifunctional cities.

Before the Great Patriotic War, there were two millionaire cities in Russia; in 1995, their number increased to 13 (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Novosibirsk, Kazan, Volgograd, Omsk, Perm, Rostov-on-Don, Samara, Yekaterinburg, Ufa, Chelyabinsk).

Currently (2009) there are 11 millionaire cities in Russia (Table 2).

A number of the largest cities in Russia with a population of more than 700 thousand, but less than 1 million - Perm, Volgograd, Krasnoyarsk, Saratov, Voronezh, Krasnodar, Togliatti - are sometimes called sub-millionaire cities. The first two of these cities, which were once millionaires, as well as Krasnoyarsk, are often called millionaires in journalism and semi-officially.

Most of them (except Tolyatti and partly Volgograd and Saratov) are also interregional centers of socio-economic development and attraction.

More than 40% of the population lives in large cities of Russia. Multifunctional cities are growing very quickly, satellite cities appear next to them, forming urban agglomerations.

Millionaire cities are the centers of urban agglomerations, which additionally characterize the population and importance of the city (Table 3).

Despite the advantages of large cities, their growth is limited, as difficulties arise in providing cities with water and housing, supplying a growing population, and preserving green areas.

Rural population of Russia

Rural settlement is the distribution of residents among settlements located in rural areas. In this case, rural areas are considered to be all areas located outside urban settlements. At the beginning of the 21st century. in Russia there are approximately 150 thousand rural settlements, in which about 38.8 million people live (2002 census data). The main difference between rural settlements and urban ones is that their inhabitants are predominantly engaged in agriculture. In fact, in modern Russia, only 55% of the rural population is engaged in agriculture, the remaining 45% work in industry, transport, non-production and other “urban” sectors of the economy.

The nature of the settlement of the rural population of Russia varies among natural zones depending on the conditions of economic activity, national traditions and customs of the peoples living in those regions. These are villages, villages, hamlets, auls, temporary settlements of hunters and reindeer herders, etc. The average rural population density in Russia is approximately 2 people/km 2 . The highest density of the rural population is noted in the south of Russia in the Ciscaucasia (Krasnodar Territory - more than 64 people / km 2).

Rural settlements are classified depending on their size (population) and functions performed. The average size of a rural settlement in Russia is 150 times smaller than a city settlement. The following groups of rural settlements are distinguished by size:

• smallest (up to 50 inhabitants);
• small (51-100 inhabitants);
• medium (101-500 inhabitants);
• large (501-1000 inhabitants);
• the largest (over 1000 inhabitants).

Almost half (48%) of all rural settlements in the country are small, but they are home to 3% of the rural population. The largest share of rural residents (almost half) live in the largest settlements. Rural settlements in the North Caucasus are especially large in size, where they stretch for many kilometers and number up to 50 thousand inhabitants. The share of the largest settlements in the total number of rural settlements is constantly increasing. In the 90s of the XX century. settlements of refugees and temporary migrants have appeared, cottage and holiday villages are expanding in the suburbs of large cities.

By functional type, the overwhelming majority of rural settlements (more than 90%) are agricultural. Most non-agricultural settlements are transport (near railway stations) or recreational (near sanatoriums, rest homes, other institutions), also industrial, logging, military, etc.

Within the agricultural type, settlements are distinguished:

• with significant development of administrative, service and distribution functions (district centers);
• with local administrative and economic functions (centers of rural administrations and central estates of large agricultural enterprises);
• with the presence of large agricultural production (crop crews, livestock farms);
• without production enterprises, with the development of only private farming.

At the same time, the size of settlements naturally decreases from rural regional centers (which are the largest) to settlements without industrial enterprises (which, as a rule, are small and minute).