Speech style of the box in the poem Dead Souls. Lesson on Russian literature on the topic "images of a box and a nostril"

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The image of the landowner Nastasya Petrovna Korobochka successfully complements the collage characteristic types landowners. It cannot be said that she is endowed negative qualities, but one cannot classify her as a pleasant person.

Despite the complexity of her personality, compared to all the other landowners, she looks one of the most attractive in terms of housekeeping and attitude towards serfs.

Personality characteristics

We don’t know what Korobochka was like in her youth; in the story, Gogol limits himself to an episodic description of her character at a certain point in time, bypassing the entire process of his formation.

Dear readers! On our website you can read about what is described in the poem by Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol “ Dead Souls”.

The box is noticeably distinguished by thriftiness and a penchant for order. Everything on her estate is in good working order - however, the things used both in everyday life and in the interior of the landowner are not new, but this does not bother the old woman. With particular pleasure, she complains about everything in the world - bad harvests, lack of money, although, in fact, everything is not so dire: “one of those mothers, small landowners who cry about crop failures, losses and keep their heads somewhat to one side, and between Then they gradually collect a little money into colorful bags placed on the drawers of the chests of drawers.”

Nastasya Petrovna is not distinguished by her extraordinary intelligence - the aristocrats around her consider her a stupid old woman. This is true - Korobochka is truly a stupid and uneducated woman. The landowner is distrustful of everything new - first of all, she strives to see some kind of catch in people's actions - in this way she “saves” herself from troubles in the future.

Korobochka is distinguished by her particular stubbornness; she belongs to those people who “once you get something into your head, you can’t overpower it with anything; No matter how much you present him with arguments, clear as day, everything bounces off him, like a rubber ball bounces off a wall.”

Nastasya Petrovna is a contradictory nature - on the one hand, she is attached to religion (she believes in the existence of God and the devil, prays and is baptized), but at the same time she does not neglect fortune-telling and using cards, which is not encouraged by religion.

Family

It is difficult to say anything about the Korobochka family - Gogol provides too little information on this matter. It is reliably known that Nastasya Petrovna was married, but her husband died and at the time of the story she is a widow. It is likely that she has children, most likely due to the age of the landowner and Chichikov’s lack of memories of the presence of children in the house; they are already adults and live separately. Their names, ages and genders are not specified in the text. The only mention of them is found together with a mention of Korobochka’s sister, who lives in Moscow: “my sister brought warm boots for children from there: such a durable product, they are still worn.”

Korobochki Estate

The Korobochka estate and house - oddly enough, among all the landowners' houses it looks one of the most attractive. It should be clarified that such an assessment does not concern the aesthetic appearance, but the condition of the estate. The village of Korobochki is noticeably distinguished by its well-kept houses and buildings: dilapidated elements of peasant houses have been replaced with new ones, the gates to the estate have also been repaired. The houses and buildings do not look as massive as those of Sobakevich, but they also have a special aesthetic value don't imagine. Korobochka owns about 80 serfs.

This number is noticeably inferior to the rich landowners of the county, such as Plyushkina, but this does not significantly affect the income of the estate. Chichikov was pleasantly surprised by the state of the village: “You, mother, have a good village.”

Korobochka's household also pleasantly surprises with its diversity and well-groomed nature. The box successfully sells vegetables and fruits. She has “gardens with cabbage, onions, potatoes, beets and other household vegetables. Apple trees and other fruit trees were scattered here and there throughout the garden.”

You can also observe the variety of cereals grown. In addition, Korobochka is confidently engaged in livestock farming - she also has various birds (“Turkeys and chickens were countless; a rooster walked among them” and pigs. Korobochka is engaged in beekeeping and grows hemp for sale for the production of ropes and ropes.

Korobochka House

Korobochka's house is not pompous or elegant. The house is guarded by a pack of dogs that react violently to all strangers, for example, when Chichikov arrived, the dogs “began to burst into all sorts of voices.” It is small in size, its windows overlook the courtyard, so it is impossible to admire the view from the window. The roof of the house is wooden. Chichikov, who came to Korobochka in the rain, noted that the raindrops were loudly knocking on his roof. A barrel was placed near the drain to collect rainwater.

Since Chichikov arrived at the Korobochka estate in the evening, and also in bad weather, it was impossible to find out about the nuances of the appearance of the landowner’s house.

On our website you can read Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol’s poem “Dead Souls”.

The inside of the house was not attractive. The wallpaper there was old, as was all the furniture. There were paintings hanging on the walls - “not all of the paintings were birds: between them hung a portrait of Kutuzov and a painted oil paints some old man with red cuffs on his uniform, like they wore under Pavel Petrovich.” The furnishings were complemented by mirrors, “with dark frames in the form of curled leaves,” behind which were placed all sorts of necessary little things in the form of a letter or a stocking. The watch made a particular impression - it was also not particularly new, and the sounds it made were similar to the hissing of snakes. The clock struck no less unpleasantly: “as if someone were beating a broken pot with a stick.”

Attitude towards peasants

The number of Korobochka serfs is not so large - approximately 80 people. The landowner knows them all by name. Korobochka is always actively involved in the affairs of her estate and takes a direct part in all work. It is impossible to find descriptions of the attitude towards the peasants in the text, but the way the landowner describes her dead souls suggests that Korobochka is not distinguished by a bad attitude towards the serfs.

An elderly landowner living in the vicinity of the city of N is a colorful and recognizable character. The life goals of a widow who manages her own estate are to get as much as possible in every possible way. more money. Therefore, the old woman sells dead souls without hesitation. The only thing the lady cares about is whether she has sold too cheap.

History of creation

The landowner Korobochka first appears in the work “Dead Souls” in the third chapter. The old woman does not occupy a central place in the work, and the author invested a large amount of contempt into the resulting image.

However, despite a negative attitude towards the character, Gogol recognized the landowner’s everyday talents:

“The collegiate registrar Korobochka, who had not read any books except the Book of Hours, and even then only half-heartedly, having not learned any fine arts, except perhaps fortune-telling on cards, nevertheless knew how to fill chests and boxes with rubles.”

The late analysis of “Dead Souls,” where Nastasya Korobochka appears in all her splendor, prompted writers to build various theories. For example, he claims that Gogol’s work correlates with the work of “Odyssey”.

In this version, the old landowner is an analogue of the ancient Greek character Circe. The Greek woman poisoned her husband and established strict order in her own possessions. The same behavior is characteristic of Nastasya Korobochka, who, for all her outward stupidity, is shown to be a truly skillful housewife. However, no evidence similar to Bykov’s conclusions was found.

First published in 1842, the work still remains relevant. Based on the novel-poem, films are regularly made, plays are staged and operas are created.

"Dead Souls"

Nastasya Petrovna Korobochka is a landowner who leads a relatively secluded lifestyle. The biography of the elderly lady is not complete bright events. Nastasya Petrovna married a college secretary early and after for long years widowed from a stable marriage. The woman runs a household located between the estates and.

In Gogol’s work, Nastasya Petrovna appears at the moment when Chichikov, the main character of the novel, loses his way and is forced to look for a place to stay for the night. Active Nastasya Petrovna, despite her stable income, is concerned about her own financial condition, so she tries to sell a variety of products to guests.

A woman’s internal state is reflected in her appearance. The fussy landowner does not pay attention or time to her wardrobe. At the first meeting with Chichikov, the heroine does not strive to produce good impression. Doesn’t waste time on clothes Box and after:

“She was dressed better than yesterday - in a dark dress and no longer in a sleeping cap, but there was still something tied around her neck.”

Nastasya Petrovna’s main activity is her own farm. Despite constant complaints, the landowner skillfully leads the peasants. The woman grows a variety of vegetables and fruits, and the yard is full of poultry. The life of the Korobochka peasants is subject to a strict routine. People either work in the fields or sell goods they produce with their own hands to neighboring estates: honey, flour, meat, feathers.

A caring housewife takes care of the smallest details. Scarecrows are installed in the landowner's fields to scare away crows, and spare carts are hidden in the barns so that the harvest does not stop even in an emergency.

Korobochka's house, like the household, is kept in strict order. The small estate is guarded by a pack of dogs; every breakdown is immediately corrected. However, the petty Korobochka watches over both her own estate and the village. Unlike her neighbors, the landowner takes care of the peasants' huts.

With such a correct and thoughtful approach to housekeeping, Nastasya Petrovna is not distinguished by her mental abilities. The elderly woman is petty, selfish and fixated on thoughts of constant deception on the part of her acquaintances and strangers. Such character traits complicate communication with the landowner:

“... one of those mothers, small landowners who cry about crop failures, losses and keep their heads somewhat to one side, and meanwhile, little by little, they collect money in colorful bags placed in dresser drawers...”

A woman’s favorite pastime, in addition to calculating her own fortune, is fortune telling with cards. At the same time, Korobochka believes in God and claims that because of the cards she met the devil.

After the first conversation with Chichikov, the old woman is worried about whether she was too cheap with the sale dead souls. Such a thought does not leave the landowner, and she, abandoning her own affairs, goes to the city to find out how much the goods actually cost.

The old woman's questions lead to the spread of rumors, which acquire new incredible details and bring the situation to the point of absurdity.

Film adaptations

In 1960, it was transferred to film theatrical production"Dead Souls" 1932. The film was directed by Leonid Trauberg. The artists of the Moscow Art Theater embodied Gogol's idea academic theater them. . The role of Korobochka went to the actress.

8 years later, in 1968, director Alexander Belinsky turned to the classic plot. The film adaptation was broadcast as part of the “Theater on Screen” project. The role of the colorful Box was played by actress Klavdiya Fadeeva.

In 1984, the series “Dead Souls” was released, based on the first volume of Gogol’s work of the same name. The plot of the film is as close as possible to the original source. The role of the landowner was played by an actress.

In 2005, the premiere of “The Case of Dead Souls” took place on the NTV channel. The series touches on the work of the same name by Gogol, and several other works by the author. Critics did not appreciate the director's work and spoke negatively. The actress got the role of Korobochka.

• The surname of the heroine in Gogol's work has a hidden meaning. Researchers of the writer’s work argue that the character became a kind of trap (or a box from which one cannot escape) for Chichikov.

• Main character bought 18 souls from the landowner for 15 rubles.
• Unlike the other characters, the elderly landowner remembers the names of the dead peasants by heart.
• Gogol depicted the lack of development of the heroine with the help of flies. Despite the cleanliness of the house, insects constantly fly around the characters, representing stagnation and lack of development.
• Perhaps Korobochka suffers from a serious psychological illness. Nothing goes missing in the landowner's household, not even hissing clocks and ancient unknown portraits. Psychologists call this phenomenon pathological hoarding.

Quotes

“My widow's business is so inexperienced! It’s better that I wait a bit, maybe merchants will come, and I’ll take stock of the prices.”

“By God, the product is so strange, completely unprecedented!”

“Last week my blacksmith burned down; he was such a skilled blacksmith and knew metalworking skills.”

“Oh, so you’re a buyer! What a pity, really, that I sold honey to merchants so cheaply, but you, my father, would probably have bought it from me.”

PortraitN. V. Gogol created five types, five portraits, among which only
one female is Korobochka. Folklore source this image is a woman
Yaga.Korobochka is a sedentary old woman - a landowner, a plain-looking grandmother,
who wore every item of her wardrobe to the holes. The box is not
claims to high culture: in her entire appearance she is very noticeable
unpretentious simplicity. This is emphasized by Gogol in the heroine’s appearance:
he points out her shabby and unattractive appearance.
This is how it is described in the work:
“...A minute later the owner, a woman, came in
elderly, in some kind of sleeping cap,
put on hastily, with a flannel around his neck, one of those
mothers, small landowners who
cry about crop failures, losses and hold their heads
somewhat to one side, and meanwhile they are gaining
little by little money into colorful bags,
placed in dresser drawers..."

Portrait of Korobochka in the poem “Dead Souls”

Character

Korobochki Estate

Village

House

Office Boxes

Korobochka's speech in the poem "Dead Souls"

10. Deal

11. Korobochka’s attitude towards the sale of dead souls

Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov ends up with the landowner Korobochka at an inopportune hour, having lost his way, and even rolled out in the mud after falling from a chaise. The horses, driven by the not entirely sober coachman Selifan, literally crash into the fence of her house.

The image of Korobochka is very interesting. Nastasya Petrovna Korobochka gives shelter to belated travelers, since Chichikov introduces himself as a nobleman, which makes a favorable impression on the widow-landowner. Let's briefly look at Chichikov's visit to Korobochka and brief description Boxes.

Characteristics of the landowner Korobochka

Korobochka's strong and neat farm is located in a secluded place, far from public roads, so life on the estate looks frozen. Significant details that emphasize the frozen world of the heroine and the image of Korobochka itself are a huge number of flies and hissing like snakes. Wall Clock.

The landowner living in the wilderness is cordial, hospitable and caring. She, despite two o'clock in the morning, offers Chichikov food, rubbing his back after a fall, and even scratching his heels before bed, as was previously done to the late master.

But Chichikov, whose eyes are already sticking together from the desire to sleep, as if they had been doused with honey, gratefully refuses everything.

Nastasya Petrovna Korobochka’s caring nature is manifested in the fact that she gives the servants the task of cleaning and drying all the guest’s dirty clothes. After this, Chichikov literally falls into a huge, lush feather bed, and in the morning he wakes up from an invasion of flies, one of which even manages to get into his nose.

Chichikov amazes the landowner with his proposal to sell dead peasant souls. Nastasya Petrovna is lost and does not understand all the benefits of the offer made to her, because before that she had to trade only honey, flour, hemp, bird feathers, but not dead serfs.

Chichikov mentally calls her “strong-headed” and “club-headed” in his hearts.

Some more details of the image of landowner Korobochka

The image of Korobochka is also revealed in the fact that, after haggling a fair amount, the widow of the college secretary finally agrees to the deal and treats Chichikov to all kinds of dishes: mushrooms, pies, pancakes. The pancakes are so delicious that Pavel Ivanovich eats three of them at once.

After such a warm welcome, Chichikov gets into his chaise and leaves with the thought that Korobochka is a born entrepreneur, trying with all his might to sell his products profitably to anyone and everyone and earn as much money as possible. Then you can carefully put them in bags and hide them in the chest of drawers. This is the image of Korobochka.

Chichikov also visited other landowners of the city No., among them were such characters from Dead Souls as Nozdryov, Sobakevich and Manilov. Check out their characteristics to get a complete impression of

The poem “Dead Souls” by N.V. Gogol invites its readers to plunge into a huge variety of completely different and dissimilar heroes. One of the brightest and important characters The landowner Korobochka appears, her image is revealed in the third chapter of the work.

The first meeting of the main character of the poem, Chichikov, and Korobochka occurs completely by accident, when Pavel Ivanovich loses his way to Sobakevich due to bad weather. Chichikov arrives at Korobochka’s estate, in a village off the main road, and stays with her overnight, which is how they meet.

She was an elderly woman, in shabby clothes, who completely devotes her life to the housekeeping that she runs on her estate. Despite the fact that she has only 80 peasant souls at her disposal, her estate can boast of good condition: strong and well-kept houses, strong and healthy men.

Korobochka lives by selling products produced on her estate, such as honey and hemp. She earns quite a lot from this, she tries to make a profit from everything, she has enough for a comfortable life, nevertheless, the landowner likes to complain about life, become poor and underestimate her income. The box is selfish, greedy, stingy, since it did not feed the guest on the road, distrustful and shows excessive suspicion of people. Nevertheless, Korobochka, in her wealthy household, shows hospitality when she gives Chichikov clean clothes, washes dirty ones, and sends a girl to scratch his heel and fluff his pillow.

The landowner Korobochka collects and stores rubbish, her whole life is one of continuous hoarding, and mustiness reigns in her estate. Also, the interior of her house seems quite old-fashioned to Chichikov, as if he was frozen somewhere in time. Nastasya Petrovna believes in both God and the devil, and sometimes tells fortunes with cards. When Chichikov wakes up, he sees a lot of flies, which once again emphasizes old age. Little is known about Korobochka’s family; she is a widow and has no children. In the process of communicating with the landowner, Chichikov begins to lose his temper; he wants to leave her estate as quickly as possible in order to get rid of her.

Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol calls the landowner an oakhead, because after sales of the dead shower Pavel Ivanovich she is going to the city to find out true price to find out if she was deceived.

In general, representing one of the most striking images, Nastasya Petrovna is an ordinary and simple landowner.

Option 2

The poem is presented in the form of a trip by the main character around Russia, where she is shown with all her hardships and problems. The author showed motherland with all its hardships, revealed the reason for the difficult situation of the Russian people and, with the help of satire, exposed the flaws of the existing system. We see how Chichikov, traveling through the southern provinces, wants to inexpensively buy up dead serfs in order to fraudulently get rich and not have to work.

He visits various landowners, among whom Korobochka especially stands out, who is a wealthy landowner, ready to trade with everything her heart desires, including deceased peasants.

Clueless Nastasya Petrovna thinks that she will need to dig up the dead from their graves, and this does not stop her. She intends to do everything just to get a reward. Chichikov, from the first minute, understanding the woman’s character, immediately began to talk with her more freely than with Manilov. He even shouted at her when Korobochka listened to him distractedly. After all, one thing was spinning in her thoughts, just not to give away the dead cheaply, and the rest did not bother her at all.

Korobochka is a powerful lady, she lives by subsistence farming, and at the same time understands how money is obtained. The intelligence of her development wants to leave the best. She can tell you how to protect trees with ripe fruits from birds, but she cannot explain why this had to be done. All of her appearance to say that she is not only clueless, but also sloppy. Moreover, it is full of superstitions. The box believes in fortune telling and all sorts of evil spirits that may appear in the house after midnight. Yes, and in her speech they slip different words inherent in a religious person.

Her whole house looks like a box containing a lot of antiques. When you look at her, you are surprised at how greedy Nastasya Petrovna is. She does not have her own children, and there are no relatives to whom all affairs and property can be transferred, and who needed to be introduced to society. And still, she wants more and more capital.

Korobochka's useless hoarding is almost sinister. She saves money for its own sake, and is not even afraid to let dead people go on sale - just so as not to make a mistake. All her coins are put into different colorful bags, which she takes out and counts every day. Her range of interests is also small. Basically, she communicates only with those people with whom she consults on trading issues.

Little by little, Gogol will lead us to how the desire to get rich, the creation of capital by any means, the endless exploitation of the peasants kills the soul of the landowners. They lose their human appearance. In the image of Korobochka he showed new features of capitalist society.

Essay about landowner Korobochka

Gogol's poem can be read at the most different levels, the author put many different layers of meaning into his creation. If we look at Korobochka superficially, then we have a satire on stupidity and the patriarchal way of life, a parody of the limitations of the individual and excessive practicality, a heroine who surprises with her simplicity.

Gogol emphasizes the simplicity of Korobochka in her speech, which is full of simple and even primitive expressions and, as it were, naively naked. Only children or poorly educated people can speak like this without any embarrassment. The landowner is not distinguished by an exalted mind, but she has quite valuable practical knowledge, these details are also noted, for example, the nets that preserve fruit trees.

Thus, Gogol describes the figure of the down-to-earth people, common people without romanticization. These people can actually be absurd and rude, sit and argue where the wheel will roll, know how to buy and sell more profitably. These people have no idea of ​​anything other than their own little world and are not going to get out of there, mired in the swamp of a banal and primitive existence.

If you look at Korobochka in the context of the symbolic series that the author offers, then this heroine appears as a kind of mystical figure who personifies such mystical heroes like Baba Yaga. For Chichikov, the trip to Korobochka is associated with images of death and afterlife experience. Before arriving, he falls into the ground (an image of a burial), when he wakes up, there are flies sitting on his face (like on a corpse), and if you follow the text, Gogol gives similar hints in almost every phrase.

Korobochka, like the magical old woman from Russian fairy tales, lives on the outskirts and is connected with otherworldly forces. In this reading, lamentations, signs in which she believes (making fortunes on cards, for example) and interior details (for example, fortune telling cards) receive a completely new reading and become unique attributes of the sorceress.

Korobochka is also the only female landowner and her figure stands out from the general outline of landowners, thanks to which her image becomes more interesting and unique.