Target: develop interest in the history of your family, family traditions, pedigree.
Preliminary preparation:
- Parent meeting on the topic “Spiritual traditions of the family.”
- Search for ancient documents, things, photographs kept in families. Preparation of the exhibition “Family Heirlooms”.
- Writing miniature essays on the topic “Traditions and hobbies of my family.”
Decor:
Equipment:
- Phonogram of M. Boyarsky’s song “Plant a tree”
- Colored paper, glue, scissors.
Location: 2nd grade.
Progress of the conversation
Teacher:– The topic of our conversation today is “Remember your roots.” What “roots” do you think our conversation will be about today? (Children's answers.)
Teacher:– We have gathered to talk about your family, about its traditions, hobbies, about your ancestors. Many of you have something to tell your classmates. Let's start our conversation with a riddle:
I'll ask you a riddle now.
Listen, here's my family:
Grandfather, grandmother and brother.
We have order in the house, okay
And cleanliness, why?
We have two mothers in our house.
Two dads, two sons,
Sister, daughter-in-law, daughter.
And the youngest is me
What kind of family do we have?
(Answer: 6 people: grandfather, grandmother, father, mother, son, daughter.)
Teacher:– Yes, it’s not easy for one person to live. And no matter what they say, family is the main wealth in life. That family where mom and dad were, and then the one you build yourself. What's happened FAMILY? (Children's answers.)
Teacher's summary: A family is a group of close relatives living together.
Teacher:– Until the beginning of the 20th century, the family consisted of several generations. It is no coincidence that the word was formed: “SEVEN” - “I”. Everyone lived as one big family, helping each other. Some kept up with the housework, others worked in the fields. They lived cheerfully, respected old age, and protected the young. The families were large and strong. I found a lot of evidence of this. Let us at least remember the folk proverbs and sayings that talk about family. I will start a proverb, and together you try to finish it...
Being a guest is good, but being at home is better).
You don’t need a treasure... (if there is harmony in the family).
The richer you are... (the more you are happy).
When the family is together... (then the soul is in place).
Alone in the field... (not a warrior).
Teacher:– Nowadays, families are small, often with one child each. But I wonder, in which family is it easier to live in the world? (Children's answers.)
Teacher:– And now, we will try to answer the question together: “Happy family.” What is she like? (Children's answers.)
Teacher's summary:– A happy family is when everyone feels good together. Nobody annoys anyone, children don’t play pranks, and parents don’t quarrel. When parents don’t leave their children with their grandparents for the weekend, and the whole family celebrates holidays amicably and cheerfully. When parents have time to play with their child. When parents and children have common hobbies. When children and adults relax together, they travel together. When children and parents are passionate about the same activity, etc.
Teacher:– Do you think all families are the same? (Children's answers).
Teacher:– All families are different, they differ from each other in their habits, customs, hobbies, traditions. You wrote about your families in your essays, and now it’s time to talk about your families’ hobbies. (Children's stories.)
Teacher: Is there any in your families TRADITIONS? (Children's stories.)
Teacher's summary:Traditions are what has been passed on from one generation to another, what is inherited from previous generations.
Teacher:– Since ancient times, there was a custom in Rus': representatives of one family were engaged in one type of activity, passing on their skills and labor skills from generation to generation. This is how we were born DYNASTY. Dynasties of potters, tailors, bakers, military men, builders, teachers. For example, in my family, my grandmother is a teacher of Russian language and literature, my mother is a teacher of French and German, and my sister and I are primary school teachers.
Alyosha’s mother, Larisa Ivanovna, will tell us about one very famous family; she is a musicologist, head of the archive of the family of the famous musician Mstislav Rostropovich.
(A story about the Rostropovich family).
Students those whose families have dynasties tell the class about them.
Teacher:– A person is born, gets a name. Parents choose a name according to the calendar (church books) in honor of some saint whose holiday is celebrated on the day the child was born. Quite often, parents give the name they like (fashionable at the time), and other parents name their children after relatives. For example, I was named after my great-grandmother, Olga (show photo). Which of you were also named after your relatives? (Children's answers.)
Teacher:– There are many children in our class who have beautiful old names. Serafima, Matvey, Polina, Lyudmila, Grigory, Stefania...
Pupil Stefania talks about the origin of her name.
Teacher:– It’s interesting that the most popular female name of all times is Anna. Almost 100 million of its owners walk around the planet Earth.
So, our parents chose a name for each of us. The patronymic is formed from the father's name, which in turn was given to him by his parents. Where did the surname come from? The origin of surnames comes from the distant past. Some were formed from names:
Ivanov – descendant of Ivan; Vasilyeva - Vasily; Grigorieva - Gregory; Zakharova - Zakhara, etc. Some surnames come from the profession of their ancestors: – Kuznetsovs, Rybakovs, Stolyarovs. Some - from geographical names: Gorskie, Polyanskie, Rzhevskie. Do any of you know the origin of your last name? (Children's answers.)
Teacher:– As for the most common surnames, the situation with them is as follows: in Moscow alone there live more than 100 thousand Ivanov families, in Sweden there are more than 300 thousand Carlsons, who, of course, do not live on the roof, and in China 90 million Chinese respond with the surname Lee.
Teacher:– Collecting and storing family photographs is another tradition.
Every family has photographs that leave lasting memories of dear people and events. These photographs are kept in every family. Here is a picture of my great-great-grandparents. The photo was taken at the end of the 19th century. And in this picture my great-grandmother with her mother Pelageya. But this is my great-grandfather - the husband of my great-grandmother Olya, in whose honor I was named Olga. We carefully store these photographs.
I love this sacrament of kind,
The family spirit that lives on
Compelling the heart of the people
To be friends with the beauty of the past.
“Essay on Rastrelli” S. Kopytkin (1915)
Children's story about old photographs stored in the family archive.
Teacher:– Time will pass, and your children and grandchildren will look at your photographs, which you will leave in the family archive.
Student: Poem " Family photo"(Valentin Berestov):
I'm putting on a new sailor suit,
And grandma straightens her hair,
Dad is wearing new striped trousers,
Mom is wearing an unworn jacket,
Brother in in a great mood,
Blush and smells like strawberry soap
And expects candy for obedience.
We solemnly take the chairs out into the garden.
The photographer instructs the camera.
Laughter on the lips. Excitement in the chest.
Silence. Click. And the holiday is over.
Teacher:- Guys, what makes a house a home, unlike other houses? What surrounds you in the apartment? (Children's answers.)
Teacher:– A person lives, uses some things that are dear to him, connected with different events in his life. And even when a person is no longer in the world, we continue to take care of his things, preserving with their help the memory of a person dear to us.
Many people have family items at home. RELICS- things sacredly preserved as a memory of the past.
Children's stories about family heirlooms.
Teacher:- With the advent modern means connections, people write letters less and less, and are increasingly limited telephone conversation. But for our ancestors, letters were the main means of communication at a distance. In my family, letters and cards from our relatives are heirlooms. Letters... They are touching, mysterious, and contain the spirit of the past. I want to show you a letter that my great-great-uncle, Stepan Averyanovich, wrote to his beloved wife Katerina when he was serving in the Guards Corps. The letter was typed on an antique typewriter, with “Ъ” added at the end of the words. The letter is dated January 19, 1918. It is also kept in our family as a relic (excerpt read out).
A person is born, grows up, and thinks: “Who am I? Where are my roots? People have always respected their ancestors. The genealogy was written out on separate scrolls, which were passed on to subsequent generations. A.S. Pushkin was proud of his ancestors to such an extent that he ordered a button from the uniform of his distant ancestor Abram Hannibal to be inserted into his favorite cane, which he almost never parted with, and always proudly showed it to his friends.
Teacher:– Today we will get acquainted with science GENEALOGY.Genealogy is a branch of science that studies the origin of a family. Translated from Greek, it means “pedigree”, i.e. the science of searching for ancestors.
The history of the family is depicted in the form of a branched tree, which is called FAMILY TREE –a list of generations of one kind, where the origin and degree of relationship are established.
For example, the same A.S. There were 5,000 historical names in Pushkin’s family tree. The tradition of drawing up family trees is returning to families.
(Parents' stories about pedigree trees of families.)
Teacher:– Why do you need to follow family traditions, honor, respect them, preserve them, pass them on from generation to generation? (Children's answers):
Ask your family more often about their childhood, let them tell you as much as possible about their lives.
Teacher:– Today we talked about your families. But we must not forget that we have another large and friendly family - a family of students united by common interests. Our class is a family for all 11 school years. Our team will also gradually develop our own traditions: matinees, holidays, excursions, hikes.
I propose to plant a friendship tree for our class today.
(To the soundtrack of Oscar Feltsman’s song “Plant a Tree” performed by M. Boyarsky, students cut out pens and leaves from colored paper and stick them on a pre-prepared tree trunk).
Summing up the class hour:
Teacher:– Did you like our conversation today? How many of you wanted to know more about your ancestors? What questions do you have that you want to ask your parents?
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5) (Due to the fact that), , II. Since there was still enough time left, I went to look for a place for my future hut. I didn’t want to settle in the village itself or even near it;
firstly, because I did not know either the character or morals of my future neighbors;
secondly, because unfamiliarity with the language deprived me of the opportunity to ask for their consent...
(N.N. Miklouho-Maclay.) Only in book speech are the conjunctions used for (obsolete), due to the fact that, due to the fact that.
97. 1) We settled down for the night in a tent, because there was no free space in the village. 2) The soil dries quickly if the weather is sunny and warm. 3) Because the amount of carbon dioxide in the earth’s atmosphere increases, its average annual temperature rises. 4) If the air becomes significantly warmer, rapid melting of glaciers may occur. 5) The library is closed until August 15, as it is closed for renovations.
98. 1) If you feel unwell, consult a doctor.
(Conditions.) 2) Everything could have worked out if the weather had not interfered.
(Conditions.) 3) You can’t go anywhere because there’s a thunderstorm outside. (For reasons.) 4) Since I did not complete the task on time, I will have to stay late. (Reasons.) 5) We didn’t make it in time because the road was blocked. (Reasons.) 6) The teacher explained what we will do in the next lesson. (Explanation) 7) If it doesn’t work out, then start again. (Conditions.) 8) He spoke in such a way that we got carried away.
(Degrees.) Subordinate clauses of purpose 99. Two meanings - in the first, one - in the second.
100. The conjunction “so that” is obsolete. Sometimes subordinate goals can come before the main one.
101. 1) He walked along the road, taking care that the crushed stone under his feet did not creak. (Explanation) (M.G.) 2) Dasha got up early and, in order not to wake up Katya, went to the kitchen. (General purpose.) (A.N.T.) 3) Suvorov demanded that the courage and bravery of the soldiers be combined with knowledge of military affairs. (Explanation) (Osipov.) 4) Danilov forever retained a passion for work and a desire to do this work in such a way that respectable people would say: “Oh, well done!” (Ob. arr.
active) (Pan.) 5) Yesterday Alexey, in order to shorten the path, found some visible landmarks for himself: a pine tree, a stump, a pothole in the road.
(Obv. target.) (Pol.) 6) The steamer worked immediately so that it would not be carried away by the current, drove the waves, and in these waves the coastal forests swayed, shimmering with gold. (Obv. target.) (Paust.) 7) The cloud, now turning white, now turning black, was approaching so quickly that it was necessary to quicken the pace in order to make it home before the rain. (Obv. target.) (L.
T.) 8) I stopped to rest and sketch the location in the album, telling the people to go down to the river and wait for me there. (1st - general goals, 2nd - explanatory) (M.-Mak.) 9) Leaving the people below, I climbed to one of the neighboring peaks to see from there how far was still left to the pass.
(General purpose.) (Ars.) 10) I had to hire bulls to pull my cart up this damn mountain, because it was autumn and icy conditions. (Sub. than? (L.) goals.) about 1) [, ], (to).
3) [ how much? (to ], why? and).
7) [so], (what), (so that).why?
10) , (to), (because).
I. Bravery and courage of (who?) soldiers - noun.
II. N. f. - soldier.
Post.: nar., soul., m.r., 2 skl.
Non-post: in the form of genus. fallen, pl. h.
III. Bravery and courage of (whose?) soldiers - definition.
I. Rocked (doing what? How?) overflowing - a special form of the verb, a gerund.
II. Nesov.view.
102. 1) To amplify the sound, a megaphone was placed on the stage.
2) All the speakers demanded that a sports ground be built. 3) To shorten the path, we moved through the forest. 4) The students themselves made sure that the school was radified.
Comparative subordinate clauses 103. The first sentence has two meanings - image of action and comparison, which is emphasized by the demonstrative word “how”. In the second sentence, the subordinate clause refers to the entire main thing and has one meaning of comparison.
compare and arr. valid
104. 1) The air only occasionally trembled, like water trembles when disturbed by the fall of a branch. (T.) 2) The sky dropped and became yellow.
sometimes pink, as if the reflection of a distant fire was falling on it.
(S. Ant.) 3) The sea is all covered in living white spots, as if countless flocks of birds have descended onto its blue plain. (M. G.) 4) Many comparisons.
These Russian words themselves radiate poetry, just as precious stones radiate a mysterious shine. (Paust.) compare. and degrees 5) The farther we went from the house, the more desolate and dead it became around. (M.G.) 6) Time passed slowly, slower than in comparison. and clouds were crawling across the sky. (M.G.) 7) The puppy whines as pitifully as degrees of comparison. and it’s as if a child is crying. (S. Ant.) 8) The wind was so strong that everything was comparable.
the house creaked and sighed, as if it was being moved this way and that.
(S. Ant.) 9) Small leaves turn bright and green, as if someone washed them and applied varnish to them. (Ch.) 10) From a distance a noise was heard.
wet trees, as if water was rustling in the sluices in the distance. (A.N.T.) like what?
2) [like what? (as if).
and ], 4) , (similar to).
like what?
7) [how much? ], (as if).
so similar to what?
8) [such], (that), (as if).
105. 1) You must cultivate in yourself a taste for good language, (as an adjective compare.
develop a taste for engravings and good music). (M. G.) 2) For comparison. about.
The first star sparkled brightly in the sky, like a living eye. (Gonch.) compare. about.
3) Towards the end of the hunt, the ducks, as if saying goodbye, began to rise up. about.
whole flocks. (T.) 4) The asphalt shone like a black river. (Paust.) compare. about.
5) The sea is like mercury. (Hound.) 6) Like a plowman, the battle rests. (P.) adv. compare
7) The tug is screaming (as if someone is actually tugging at an old iron bracket). (Ch.) 8) Frost lay even on the deck, as if it were not comparable. about.
coarse salt barked and crunched underfoot. (Paust.) 9) For the peaceful life of new generations, From the Caspian Sea to the polar ice, compare. about.
Like monuments to scorched villages, huge new cities are rising.
(A. Akhmatova.) I. The asterisk (which one?) The first one is a numeral. II. N. f. - first.
Post: simple, ordinal.
Zh.r.
I. River (what?) black – adjective. II. N. f. - black.
Post.: quality, no degree of comparison.
III. In a sentence - part of a comparative phrase, which is a circumstance.
106. At the name of Pushkin, the thought of a Russian national poet immediately dawns on me... In him, as if in a lexicon, lies all the wealth, strength and flexibility of our language. He is more than everyone else, he further expanded his boundaries and showed him more of his entire space...
Fate, as if on purpose, threw him to where the borders of Russia are distinguished by their sharp, majestic character... The gigantic Caucasus, covered with eternal snow among the sultry valleys, amazed him;
he, one might say, called forth the strength of his soul and broke the last chains that still weighed on his free thoughts.
Not a single poet in Russia had such an enviable fate as Pushkin. Nobody's fame spread so quickly.
(N.V. Gogol.) I. The Caucasus (which?) covered is a special form of the verb, participle.
II. N. f. – covered.
Fast: suffering, full. f., past. vr., owls view.
Unposted: in the form named after. pad., unit.. h., m.r.
III. The sentence contains a definition.
Overshadows - illuminates (syn.), lexicon - dictionary (syn.), space - boundaries (syn.).
107. 1) I tied the knot so that only I could untie it.
(Mode of action.) 2) The teacher reminded us not to be late. (Explanation) 3) The grass was wet, as if it had rained at night.
(Comparisons.) 4) Volodya was in such a hurry that he forgot to turn off the light in the room. (Degrees.) 5) In the essay I wrote that I had been abroad in the summer. (Explanation) 6) In order for the equation to be solved, you need to know its algorithm. (Goals.) 108. The shore of the bay where we stopped for the night (places) consisted of small cobblestones, so that all night the sea beat with great force against the stone shaft (consequences). The noise from the waves coming and going, carrying and moving stones, was so strong that it woke me up more than once during the night. (Narrative, non-declarative, complex, complex, with a subordinate degree, attached by the conjunction “what”;
the main thing is two-stage, distribution, complete, donkey. one-way defined and pr. about.;
add. – two-part, spread, incomplete. – subject is missing). Which?
1) [noun, (where), ], (so).
Waking up and looking at the clock, I saw that it was already half past six (explain). None of my men are up yet. In order not to be delayed and to quickly hit the road (targets), I decided to pick them all up at once and shot with a double-barreled shotgun. They quickly jumped up, and then, shouting, began to assure me that they were completely deaf (explain). I told them not to worry and asked them to quickly light the fire and cook breakfast. (Declarative, not exclamatory, complex, compound with an explanatory subordinate clause related to the main predicate and attached by the conjunction “so that”;
the main thing is two-part, dist., complete, complicated by one. predicates and one-word additions.) My shot attracted villagers who came running to inquire (def.) what it all meant (explain). Having found out what the matter was (explain), they returned peacefully, but I, having had breakfast, went to inspect the surroundings in order to choose a more convenient path to advance our walk (goal).
(According to N.N. Miklouho-Maclay.) which ones? about what?
[noun, (which), (what)]. For what?
[verb., (in what), ], , (to).
I. Went (how? did what?) after breakfast - a special form of the verb, a gerund.
II. Sov. view.
III. In a sentence there is a circumstance.
I. The way (which?) is more convenient – adjective.
II. N. f. - comfortable.
Post.: qualitative, complex comparative degree.
III. The sentence contains a definition.
Concessive subordinate clauses 109. Sentence 1 is complex with a concessive subordinate clause, sentence 2 is simple, complicated by an adverbial clause. The concessive meaning is emphasized by the concessive conjunction “although”. Participial phrases can be synonymous with subordinate tenses, conditions, reasons, comparisons.
110. I. 1) Summer foggy days are good, although hunters do not like them. (T.) 2) Although Kara-Bugaz lies at the latitude of Naples, it has a hot and desert climate. (Paust.) 3) Somehow I feel especially fresh today, despite the fact that I didn’t sleep well last night. (A.O.) 4) No matter how strong Chichikov was in spirit, he lost weight and even turned green during such adversity. (G.) 5) The leaves of the reeds, although I shook them off with an oar, every now and then silently threw drops into the shuttle and onto the grass. (Trip.). 6) It was quiet and gloomy in the steppe, despite the fact that the sun had risen. (Ch.) 7) Even if you feel sad, don’t lower your head. (L.-K.) despite what?
1) , (although).
no matter what?
3) , (despite the fact that).
no matter what?
5) [, (although)].
II. 1) No matter how much I listened, I could not distinguish a single sound. (Narrative, non-declarative, complex, complex with a subordinate adverbial concession, relating to the entire main sentence and attached using the conjunction “no matter how much”;
the main thing is two-part, undistributed, complete, subordinate - two-part, extended, complete.) (Paust.) 2) And why can’t you change your mind at this time. (Triple.) 3) Everywhere you look, it’s the same endless water plain. (Stanyuk.) 4) Where is such a fortress where bullets would not fly? (P.) 5) People have known the source of the Volga for a long time, although scientific geographers confirmed it only at the end of the last century. (Sand.) 111. 1) The experiment did not give accurate results, no matter how carefully it was carried out. 2) Despite the fact that there were severe frosts, construction works continued. 3) Although he did not have a balanced character, this time he behaved quite restrained.
112. 1) In the morning, although there was a storm at night, we set off. 2) He may not be handsome, but he has a lot of sense. 3) Although the house was a mess, I had to receive guests. 4) Despite the fact that he is sick, his performance was excellent. 5) No matter how hard we dragged the fish out of the water, it still broke loose and went into the depths. 6) No matter how much you read this book, you still won’t understand anything in it.
113. 1) When reading a book, handle it carefully. (Time.) 2) We can easily find any place on a geographical map, knowing its longitude and latitude. (Conditions.) 3) Working in difficult conditions, the expedition still completed the planned research. (Us bluff.) 4) We passed steep landslides, since the guide knew a more convenient road. 5) When I arrived at the carriage, it was already getting dark. 6) Having found itself in a strip of fog, the yacht had to change course.
(Reasons.) 114. 1) This book is a very valuable textbook on mineralogy, as it provides interesting information about precious stones. 2) When I was working on preparing for the report, I visited the library (reading room) every day. 3) If you had the necessary materials for an essay, you would write it better. 4) Despite the fact that he did not receive any special musical education, he still played the piano quite well.
115. 1) The student carefully took lecture notes. 2) The student prepared an interesting essay on the history of the city.
116. 1) No matter how hard we tried to get to the highest mountain that day, we failed to do so. (Ars.) 2) Wherever I could not make speeches, I would begin to sing a song. (Tward.) 3) No one knew why Alitet came to the mountains just before the rivers flooded.
(Sem.) 4) Alitet climbed onto the tower and watched the schooner for a long time until it disappeared from view. (Sem.) 5) The lady was angry, burst into tears, ordered to find Gerasim at all costs, and assured that she had never ordered the dog to be destroyed. (Declarative, non-declarative, complex, complex with a subordinate explanatory clause related to the verb “assured” and attached to the main one using the conjunction “that”;
the main thing is two-part, dist., complete, complicated by one. predicates, subordinate clause - two-part, dist., complete.) (T.) 6) Everything that Sasha did, whatever she read, she immediately told him. (N.) 7) The shooters are packing things so that they don’t get wet by the rain. (Ars.) 8) Whatever Plyushkin found, he dragged everything to himself. (G.) Sentences 1, 3, 6, 8 have the indicated additional meaning.
117. What is the wind for?
When wild animals walk through forests and fields, they always walk into the wind and hear with their ears and smell with their noses what is in front of them. If there was no wind, they would not know where to go.
In order for a seed to grow on a grass, bush or tree, dust must fly from one flower to another flower.
Flowers are far from each other, and they cannot send their dust from one to another.
When cucumbers grow in greenhouses, where there is no wind, then people themselves pick one flower and put it on top of another so that the flower dust falls on the fruit flower and there is an ovary.
Bees and other insects sometimes carry dust from flower to flower on their legs. But most of all this dust is carried by the wind.
If there was no wind, half the plants would be without seeds.
(Narrative, non-declarative, complex, complex with subordinate adverbial conditions;
add. – single-component without l., dist., complete, the main thing is two-part., undistributed, complete.) (L.N. Tolstoy.) I. They smell (what are they doing?) - verb. II. N. f. - smell.
Post.: nesov. view, trans., 1 ref.
Non-post.: in the form of withdrawal. incl., pl. hour, present vr., 3 l.
I. The seed has begun (what?) - noun. II. N. f. – seed.
Unposted: in the form named after. pad., units h.
I. Fruit flower (what?) – adj. II. N. f. – fruity.
Post: rel.
Non-permanent: in the form of wines. pad., units h., m.r.
III. The sentence contains a definition.
I. Insects (who?) – noun. II. N. f. - insect.
Post: vernacular, soulful, cf. r., 2 sk.
III. In a sentence - the subject.
118. Books are an invaluable experience of the past, without which one cannot live in the present. When we read carefully, we penetrate into the essence of things, we understand what the author wanted to convey to us.
By reading a lot, we learn to compare and draw conclusions. If you read inattentively, the content of the book will not reach the reader completely and will soon be forgotten. If you read little, then a person’s outlook suffers. Therefore, you need to read a lot and carefully.
Subordinate clauses of consequence 119. The first sentence has two meanings of the subordinate clause - consequence and manner of action, the second - one meaning, consequence.
120. 1) The rains completely washed out the road, so we had to walk further. 2) The light was very bright, so I put on dark glasses. 3) It became completely dark, so we kept losing our way.
121. 1) The rain was pouring down in buckets, so it was impossible to go out onto the porch. (Ax.) 4) The hostess’s words were interrupted by a strange hissing, so that the guest was frightened. (Narrative, non-declarative, complex, complex with a subordinate adverbial consequence, relating to the entire main sentence and connected using the conjunction “so”;
the main thing is two-part, extended, complete, subordinate – two-part, unextended, complete.) 6) The house stood on a slope, so the windows to the garden were very close to the ground.
(Ax.) 7) Due to severe overwork, I could not sleep, so the night seemed to me, despite all its splendor, very long. (M.-Mak.) 1), (so).
how much?
3) [so], (that).
4) , (so).
2) The snow became whiter and brighter so that it hurt my eyes. (L.) 3) The air became so rare that it was painful to breathe. (According to the narrative, non-declarative, complex, complex with a subordinate adverbial degree, relating to the predicate with an indicative word and attached to the main one using the conjunction “what”;
main - two-part, dist., complete, subordinate - one-part. without, undistributed, complete.) (L.) (G.) 5) I walked very quickly and got so warm that I didn’t even notice how severe frost grabbed the grass and the first flowers. (Priv.) 122. 1) Explain. 2) Explain. 3) Explain. 4) The goose took another string in its beak and pulled it, causing a deafening shot to immediately ring out. (Ch.) 5) On the fifth or sixth of May I will come to St. Petersburg, about which I already wrote to the artist. (Ch.) 6) That same night I arrived in Simbirsk, where I was supposed to stay for a day to purchase the necessary things, which was entrusted to Savelich. (P.) 123. (orally).
124. I. 1) Andriy raised his eyes and saw a lady standing at the window.
Savitsa, (which I haven’t seen in my life). (G.) 2) I looked at her from the side, as a result.
(so that I could see her pure, gentle profile with her slightly bowed head making concessions). (Kupr.) 3) (Despite the fact that the sky is covered cumulus clouds), the sun was shining brightly. (Ars.) 4) It was decided conditionally.
go tomorrow (if the rain stops). (Ars.) 5) There was a reason to drink (since it was beginning to get light). (V. Cat.) 6) The dark blue surface of the sea has thrown off the darkness of the night and is waiting for the first ray, the purpose of time and degree (to sparkle with a cheerful shine). (L.T.) 7) (As the day faded), the forest became quieter and quieter. (Ars.) 8) All over the place (wherever you look), you could see masts and flags fluttering on the masts. (N. Chuk.) 9) It was so quiet (that a rare drop of drops could be heard falling from the overhanging branches). (Boon.) 10) I believed (that explan.
we will soon go to the sea), but I was mistaken. (Ars.) 11) In bluish yes defined.
Li, (where the last visible hill merged with the fog), nothing moved. (Ch.) def.
II. 1) There is nothing (that cannot be included in the pro-forma action.
simple, clear words). 2) You need to write in such a way (so that the reader sees what is depicted in words as accessible to touch). 3) You must love your native language like a mother, like music, and you must be able to speak well (in order to convey your thought to another person on occasion).
clear and simple). 4) You need to love what (what you do), and then work, even the roughest, rises to creativity. 5) Any mass conv.
You need to know the art well (if you want to work well).
6) The owner is the one (who works).
(M. Gorky.) Dusk - haze (syn.), works - works (syn.).
I. The sun (what did it do?) shine – verb. II. N. f. - shine.
Non-post.: in the form of withdrawal. incl., units h., last vr., wed. R.
III. In a sentence there is a predicate.
I. We (what will we do?) go out - verb. II. N. f. - go out.
Post: Sov. v., non-crossing, 1 sp.
Non-post.: in the form of withdrawal. incl., pl. h., bud. vr., 1 l.
III. In a sentence there is a predicate.
125. 1) Wherever our fatherland sends us, we will do our job with honor. (Isak.) 2) Where the sun’s rays had not yet penetrated, everything was buried in a blue predawn haze. (Hump.) 3) On high blue sky not a cloud. (Stanyuk.) 4) What was not on the table! (Gonch.) 5) I will not deliver you until you give an answer. (P.) 6) Anyone who has not been to the taiga of the Ussuri region cannot imagine what kind of thicket it is, what thickets it is. (Ars.) 7) No matter how little rain there is in the forest, it will always soak you to the last thread. (Ars.) 8) The frost does not soften for a minute. (Gonch.) in spite of what?
1) (Wherever), .
2) [There, (where),].
How long?
5) , (for now).
It is not used for negation, nor for affirmation or to strengthen negation, where there is no predicate.
126. 1) The driver said that the bus was going to the park. (Explanation) 2) The student did the work in such a way that he had to redo it.
(Mode of action.) 3) A friend said that he was busy in the evening. (Explanation) 4) This holiday was a success because the guys tried very hard.
(Reasons.) 5) We couldn’t understand what was happening. (Explanation) 6) Suddenly I remembered an incident that happened last summer. (Def.) 127. Store family traditions(keep traditions - management, family traditions - coordination), mysterious charm, war veteran (management), spring carnival, district festival, young talents, leather suitcase, glass showcase, wind turbine, future generations, windy weather, comment in detail chess game (comment in detail - adjacency, comment on the game - management, chess game - coordination), collect old coins, spicy herbs, Gostiny Dvor.
НН are written in adjectives formed from nouns with a stem ending in n (spring, song), as well as with the suffix enne (exception - windy).
N is written in adjectives with the suffixes an (yang), in (leather, silver, mouse). Exceptions: glass, tin, wood.
128. 1) Try to choose a book to your liking, take a break from everything in the world for a while, sit comfortably with a book, and you will understand that there are many books you cannot live without... (Explanation) (D. Likhachev. ) 2) When in my hands A new book(time), I feel that something living, speaking, wonderful has entered my life (explanation). (M.G.) 3) The excitement of an old boy can completely access the soul, as soon as I remember the smell of the first book and the very taste of a pencil (time). (Tward.) 4) Each book of a writer, if it is written with the blood of the heart (conditions), is the embodiment of his most cherished thoughts. (Ch.) 5) Whatever you do, whatever you do (time), you will always need a smart and faithful assistant - a book. (Marsh.) 6) To discover unknown countries (targets), you needed not only a navigation textbook, but also “Robinson Crusoe”.
(Ilyin.) 7) In order to write popular book(goals), it is extremely good to know what you are writing about. (P.K.) 8) The book teaches, even when you don’t expect it and maybe don’t want it (concessions). The power of a book is enormous. (S.-Sok.) 129. (orally).
COMPLEX SENTENCES WITH SEVERAL CLAUSES 9. The main types of complex sentences with two or more clauses and punctuation in them 130. 1) [Meresyev saw], (how Gvozdev shuddered), (how sharply he turned), (how his eyes flashed from under the bandages ). (Pol.) 2) [We were on summer vacation], (when mother, who stayed in the city all summer, sent news), (so that we all would come). (Cor.) 3) (When the door was locked), [Arina Petrovna got down to business], (about which a family council was convened). (S.-Shch.) 131. I. 1) [Sintsov could not find out from anyone for a long time] (when the train to Minsk with which he was supposed to go would leave). (Narrative, non-vocal, complex, complex with two subordinate clauses with sequential connection;
The 1st, explanatory, refers to the predicate of the main “could not find out” and is attached to the main with the help union word"When";
The 2nd, attributive, refers to the 1st subordinate clause, to the noun “train”, and is attached using the conjunction word “with which”;
the main thing is two-part, dist., complete, 1st subordinate clause is two-part, dist., complete, 2nd is one-part. impersonal, general, complete.) (Sim.) 2) (When the figure of Seryozhka appeared against the background of one of the windows), [it seemed to him] (that someone hiding in the corner, in the darkness, would now see and grab him ). (Fad.) 3) [The coachman Trofim, |leaning towards the front window|, told my father], (that the road had become difficult), (that we would not get to Parashin before dark), (that we would be late). (Declarative, non-declarative, complex, complex with three homogeneous explanatory subordinate clauses related to the predicate and attached to the main one using conjunctions “what”;
the main thing is two-part, distributive, complete, complicated by isolated circumstances expressed in action participial phrase;
the first and third subordinate clauses are two-part, undistributed, complete, the second is two-part, extended, complete.) (Ax.) 4) [Again, after many years of separation, I saw this huge garden], (in which several happy days of my childhood flashed by) and (which I dreamed about many times later). (Adv.) 5) [I couldn’t think or talk about anything else except the dinner], (so my mother got angry and said), (that she wouldn’t let me in), (because I could fall ill). (Ax.) 6) [The bear fell in love with Nikita so much], (that (when he went somewhere), the animal anxiously sniffed the air). (M.G.) about what? Which?
1) [ch.], (when... noun), (with which). sequential submission when? What?
2) (when), about what? (What). parallel subs.
[ch.], 3) [ch.], (what), (what), (what). homogeneous sub.
4) [noun], (in which) and (which). homogeneous sub.
5) sequential sub.
6) sequential sub.
II. 1) (While we are burning with freedom), (while our hearts are alive for honor), [my friend, let us devote our souls to our homeland with wonderful impulses]. (P.) 2) [In the days (when a squall flying from the west rained down showers of fiery arrows), I, like a son and a soldier, gave everything to my fatherland], (what I could), (what I had), (what I could). (Marmot.) 3) [We will save the names of those burnt villages in songs for posterity] (where, after the last bitter frontier, the night ended and the day began). (Marmot.) 1) homogeneous. sub.
2) parallel and homogeneous sub.
3) difficult to understand. with adj. def.
132. 1) When thunder roars, you should not be afraid of lightning, because the danger of its strike has already passed. 2) If we know the speed of sound, then it is quite possible to determine how far a thunderstorm travels. 3) When a body descends into a liquid, it loses part of its weight, which is equal to the weight of the liquid displaced by it. 4) Although the mountains consist of solid rocks, they are still gradually being destroyed, so that in place of the former high mountains now low hills and even plains are often found.
133. I) When the repair of the tram tracks was completed and the road was filled with asphalt, traffic resumed. 2) On Saturday I went to see my friend, who was fifteen years old and who also entered the technical school. 3) I was so lost in thought that I didn’t even notice how the sun had set and it was getting dark. 4) The climbers approached the camp where the gathering of all detachments was scheduled and from where the ascent to Elbrus was to begin.
1) (When) and (), [to which?
]. homogeneous sub.
2) [noun], (to whom) and (which). homogeneous sub.
how much? what?
3) [so], (that), (as) and ().
4) , (where) and (from).
134. 1) Academician Fersman’s books are memories of how he had to solve mineralogical riddles, how the secrets of natural resources were gradually revealed to him.
(I. Andr.) 2) Leontyev knew that the most terrible forest fire is a crown fire, when the entire trees burn, from the top to the bottom. (Paust.) 3) There are autumn nights, deaf and silent, when there is no wind over the black wooded region, and only the watchman’s bell can be heard from the village outskirts. (Paust.) 4) When the chaise drove out of the yard, he [Chichikov] looked back and saw that Sobakevich was still standing on the porch and, as it seemed, was looking closely, wanting to know where the guest would go. (G.) 5) He [Meresyev] felt that he could no longer, that no force would move him from his place and that if he sat down, he would no longer be able to rise. (Pol.) 6) My companions knew that if not heavy rain, then the scheduled performance is usually not cancelled.
(Ars.) 7) I noticed that wherever you go, you will find something wonderful. (Gonch.) 8) I read so much that when I heard the bell ringing on the front porch, I didn’t immediately understand who was ringing and why. (M.G.) 9) I already thought that if at this decisive moment I did not argue with the old man, then later it would be difficult for me to free myself from his guardianship. (I.) about what?
1) [about what? Which?
], (how how).
2) [ch.], (what), (when).
3) [noun], (when) and (). about what?
When? What?
5) (when), [v.], (what v.), (where).
about what? under what conditions?
6) [ch.], (what (if), then). for what?
What? despite 7) [ch.], (that, (wherever),).
Black - 2 syllables.
h – [h] – agree, deaf, soft.
e – [o] – vowel, beat.
r – [r] – agree., bell., tv.
n – [n] – agree, call, tv.
ы – [ы] – vowel, unvoiced.
m – [m] – agree, bell, tv.
The word has 6 letters, 6 sounds.
Wooded – forest (suffixal).
I. Nights (what?) deaf - participle, special form of the verb.
II. N. f. - deaf.
Post: valid, past vr., owls view. Unposted: in the form named after. fallen, pl. h.
III. The sentence contains a definition.
I. Sobakevich (what did he do?) stood - verb. II. N. f. - stand.
Post.: nesov. view, non-crossing, 2 sp.
Non-post: in the form of withdrawal. incl., units h., pr. vr., m. r.
III. In a sentence there is a predicate.
NOT – negation – found in sentences 5, 6, 8, 9. NI – affirmation – in sentence 7.
I didn't know the answer to the question.
Whatever you do, everything will be the same.
135. 1) Once, while walking through the forest, I wandered so far that I almost got lost, but, fortunately, I finally came across a path that led me to the sea, where I could immediately find my way. (Parallel subordination;
1st subordinate clause - degrees, 2nd - definite lit.) (M.-Mak.) 2) While I was writing down and drawing what I saw, my companions were diligently shouting to call someone from the plantations. (Parallel subordination;
1st - time, 2nd - explanatory) (M. Mak.) 3) She felt hard because the mood of everyone around her was so far from what was in her soul. (Sequential submission;
1st - reasons, 2nd - explanation.) (L.T.) 4) He was thinking about something all the time and was so busy with his thoughts that when he was asked about something, he shuddered, standing up nodded his head and asked to repeat the question. (Sequential submission;
1st - degree, 2nd - time.) (Ch.) 5) He [Dersu] considered it his duty to warn about the threatening danger and, if he saw that they were not listening to him, he submitted, walked silently and never argued . (Sequential submission;
1st - conditions, 2nd - clear.) (Ars.) 6) The color of the animal was so similar to the color of the bark that if it remained motionless, it would be completely impossible to notice. (Sequential submission;
1st - degrees, 2nd - conditions.) (Ars.) 7) Yakov got up early in the morning, when the sun was not yet scorching and cheerful freshness was blowing from the sea. (Subordination of homogeneous subordinate clauses.) (M.G.) 8) When I said that roses will bloom all summer if you cut the flowers correctly, the children were delighted. (Sequential submission;
1st – time, 2nd – explanation, 3rd – conditions.) (Sukhoml.) when? For what?
2) (For now), , (to).
under what conditions?
5) [...and, (if v., (what), under what condition?
how much? What?
6) [before], (what (if), then).
7), (when) and ().
136. Admiration for the beauty of the land where our grandfathers and great-grandfathers lived, where we are destined to live our lives, repeat ourselves in children, grow old and go to the land that gave birth to us, is the most important emotional source of love for the Motherland. (Narrative, non-vocal, complex, complex with two homogeneous attributive clauses related to the word “land” and attached to the main one with the help of the conjunctive word “where”;
the main thing is two-part, dist., complete, complicated by a dash between the subject and the predicate;
1st subordinate clause – two-part, non-extended, complete, complicated by one. subject;
2nd – single-component. bezl., dist., complete, complicated uni. predicates and a separate definition, expressed by a participial phrase.) There are countries in the world where nature is brighter than our fields and meadows, but native beauty should become the most dear to our children...
But let this beauty enter the heart along with the thought that there would be no blooming garden, no bee harp, no affectionate mother's song, if Nikolai Gastello had not directed his flaming plane at enemy tanks, if thousands and thousands of heroes had not shed their blood from the Volga to the Elbe...
The native land becomes infinitely dear when the joy of being merges with a sense of duty to people who defended beauty. (Narrative, non-declarative, complex, complex with a subordinate adverbial condition relating to the entire main sentence and attached to it using the conjunction “when”;
the main thing is two-part., dist., complete, subordinate clause – two-part., dist., complete, complicated by a separate definition, expressed by a participial phrase.) (V. A. Sukhomlinsky.) The text belongs to the artistic style of speech, despite the fact that this text itself is not taken from a work of fiction. It has the imagery of an artistic style.
The bee harp is a metaphor here. The humming of bees is compared to the sound musical instrument harps.
Enter - 2 syllables.
in [v] – agree., call., tv.
o [a] – vowel, unsound.
th [th] – agree, ringing, soft.
d [d] – agree, ringing, soft.
e [o] – vowel, beat.
t [t] – agree., deaf., tv.
The word has 6 letters, 6 sounds.
Blood – 1 syllable.
to [k] – agree., deaf., tv.
r [r] – agree, call, tv.
o [o] – vowel, beat.
in [f] - agree., deaf., soft.
137. Topic: “Who to be? What should I be like?
Materials for the essay.
Important and necessary professions, in modern society, to realize oneself, to reveal abilities, a world of hobbies, diverse interests, the right choice.
Sphere of trade, communication with customers, service culture, manager, sales consultant;
field of technology, advanced technologies, mechanics, equipment, software control.
A decent person, a reliable worker, a competent specialist, punctual and accurate, improve his skills, support colleagues, and the interests of the team.
NON-CONJUNCTION COMPLEX SENTENCES 10. Comma and semicolon in a non-conjunction complex sentence 138. The longer pause before the semicolon than before the comma is due to the fact that the phenomena reflected in individual simple sentences are listed separately, which is emphasized by intonation.
139. 1) I haven’t seen you for a whole week, I haven’t heard from you for a long time.
(Ch.) 2) The sea in the distance was covered with crimson, and a pink-smoky cloud of soft outlines rose towards the sun. (M.G.) 3) The oaks and pointed firs were turning green;
centuries-old linden trees, hanging their curly crowns, covered the sky. (Cool.) 4) The river fades dimly in the pre-dawn haze, murmuring over the coastal pebbles. (N.O.) 5) The battery commander seemed not as stern as yesterday;
on the contrary, he had the appearance of a kind, hospitable host and senior comrade. (L.T.) 6) So the sun rises, it shines from behind the arable fields, it has abandoned its overnight lodgings beyond the seas, golden streams poured into the fields, into the meadows, onto the tops of the willows. (Nick.). 7) The edge of the sky turns red;
They wake up in the birches, jackdaws fly awkwardly, sparrows chirp near the dark stacks. (T.) 8) A narrow valley stretched at my feet; directly opposite, a dense aspen tree rose like a steep wall. (T.) 9) I came across some kind of unmarked overgrown path, I set off along it, carefully looking ahead. (T.) 10) Wide open open windows the bedroom looked out on a clear summer day;
in the garden outside the windows, sparrows and magpies were screaming without stopping for a single second. (Ch.) 3) [and];
[,| |, ] 5) ;
[…, | |, and ].
140. And how beautiful this same forest is in late autumn, when the woodcocks fly in!.. There is no wind, and there is no sun, no light, no shadow, no movement, no noise;
an autumn smell, like the smell of wine, is diffused in the soft air; a thin fog stands in the distance over the yellow fields. Through the bare, brown branches of the trees the motionless sky shines peacefully white, and here and there the last golden leaves hang on the linden trees. The damp earth is elastic underfoot;
tall dry blades of grass do not move, long threads glisten on the pale grass.
The chest breathes calmly, but a strange anxiety enters the soul.
You walk along the edge of the forest, looking after the dog, and meanwhile your favorite images, favorite faces, dead and alive, come to mind;
Long-dormant impressions suddenly awaken, the imagination flies and flutters like a bird, and everything moves and stands so clearly before the eyes. The heart will suddenly tremble and beat, passionately rush forward, then it will irrevocably drown in memories.
All life unfolds easily and quickly, like a scroll...
(I.S. Turgenev.) Spilled - poured (prefix).
Type of speech - description, style - narration.
141. 1), (when)! SPP with approx. time.
2) , and [, ];
[noun, | |], .
1st part – SSP, union and;
Part 2 – SBP.
11. Colon in a non-union complex sentence 142. The first sentence is close in meaning to the complex clause with the subordinate clause of reason, the second - with the explanatory clause.
143. 1) The passengers were in a hurry because there were five minutes left before the train departed. Passengers were in a hurry: there were five minutes left before departure. 2) I understand that it is impossible to make it to the ship in time. I understand: it’s impossible to make it to the ship in time. 3) No one dared to go out to sea because the wind reached force eight.
No one dared to go out to sea: the wind reached force eight.
144. 1) I really liked the report: it talked about beautiful works of ancient Russian art. 2) When we climbed the hill, we saw an unexpected picture: two moose were standing at the edge of the forest. 3) Everyone who has studied geography at least a little knows: our Earth three-quarters covered with water.
4) It was clearly visible from below: a column of cars was already descending from the pass.
145. 1) The birds were not heard: they do not sing during the hot hours. (T.) 2) The trees seemed to be crying: large drops kept falling from their branches to the ground. (Ars.) 3) In the forest, here and there, a cuckoo crowed dully, emphasizing its depth and sonority;
after the rain, warm smoky clouds with golden-scarlet edges floated and melted high in the sky. (Boon.) 4) The weather was terrible: the wind howled, wet snow fell in flakes. (P.) 5) Semyon Ivanovich looked around: there was nowhere to hide. (A.N.T.) 6) On my own behalf I can promise only one thing: we will work, work selflessly. (Fad.) 7) It seemed like I had never been in such empty places in my life: no lights flickered anywhere, no sound was heard. (T.) 4) : , .
reason (namely) 7) [cc., ...]: , .
Explanation Sonority – sonorous (suffixal).
I. Kukovala (how? doing what?) shading – gerund, a special form of the verb. II. Nesov. view., unchanged
III. In a sentence there is a circumstance.
146. Yesterday I arrived in Pyatigorsk, rented an apartment on the edge of the city, on the highest place at the foot of Mashuk: during a thunderstorm, the clouds will descend to my roof. Today at five o'clock in the morning, when I opened the window, my room was filled with the smell of flowers growing in a modest front garden. Branches of blossoming cherry trees look into my windows, and the wind sometimes strews my desk with their white petals. I have a wonderful view from three sides. To the west, the five-headed Beshtu turns blue, like “the last cloud of a scattered storm”; to the north, Mashuk rises, like a shaggy Persian hat, and covers this entire part of the sky; to the east, it’s more fun to look at: below me, a clean, brand new town is colorful, healing springs are rustling, the multilingual crowd is noisy, - and there, further on, the mountains are piled up like an amphitheater, increasingly blue and foggy, and on the edge of the horizon stretches a silver chain of snowy peaks, starting with Kazbek and ending with the double-headed Elbrus... It’s fun to live in such a land. Some kind of gratifying feeling flowed through all my veins. The air is clean and fresh, like a child’s kiss, the sun is bright, the sky is blue - what else, it seems, is more?
(M. Yu. Lermontov.) 3) , and .
Type of speech – description, style – artistic.
Roof - roof (syn.), horizon - firmament (syn.).
Edge - 2 syllables.
K [k] – agree, deaf, tv.
R [r] – agree, call, tv.
A [a] – vowel, unvoiced.
yu [th] – agree, voiced, soft;
[u] – vowel, beat.
The word has 4 letters, 5 sounds.
In the front garden there is a garden (the addition of the foundations with the addition of a suffix).
147. 1. Narrative, non-vocal, complex non-union, consisting of two simple sentences, where the second explains the first;
1st – two-part, distended, complete, complicated by one. predicates;
2nd – two-stage, distribution, complete. 2. Narrative, non-declarative, complex, complex subordinate with an adverbial adverbial tense related to the main predicate and attached to it using the conjunction word “when”;
the main thing is two-part, dist., complete, complicated separately. definition, expression prib. about.;
subordinate clause – two-part, distributive, complete.
explanation 1) [, ]: .
2) [, (when), noun, | |].
148. 1) [Happy are the pines and spruces]: [they always turn green], [do not blizzards bring death to them], [frosts do not bring death to them]. (Narrative, non-vocal, complex non-union, consisting of three simple and two semantic parts, where the second explains the first;
1st sentence – two-part, non-distributive, complete, complicated one-way. predicates;
2nd – two-part, spread, complete, 3rd – two-part, spread, complete.) (N.) 2) [Admire]: [spring is coming], [cranes are flying in a caravan], [in bright gold the day is drowning] and [the streams in the ravines are noisy]. (According to narrative, non-vocal, complex non-union, consisting of five simple and two semantic parts, where the second extends the first;
1st sentence – single-part. def.-personal, non-distributable, complete;
2nd – two-state, undistributed, complete, 3rd – two-state, distributed, complete, 4th – two-state, distributed, complete, 5th – two-state, distributed, complete. ) (Nick.) 3) [The whole steppe was in motion]: [cavalry rushed], [regiments crawled], [batteries rumbled with wheels]. (Narrative, non-vocal, complex non-union, consisting of four simple and two semantic parts, where the second explains the first;
1st sentence – two-part, distributive, complete;
2nd - two-stage, non-distributed, complete, 3rd - two-stage, non-distributed, complete, 4th - two-stage, distributed, complete.) (A.N.T.) 4) Konovalov asked me: “Can you read?” (M.G.) 5) He thought and wrote: “I dedicate this book to Russia.” (Paust.) 6) Faithful historical truth, Gogol and Lermontov, just like Pushkin and Glinka, created images that summarize the best traits of the people: love for their native country, the dream of freedom, fearlessness, enormous moral strength, deep intelligence, desire for achievement, readiness to bring sacrifice yourself to a high idea. (I. Andr.) Love - 2 syllables.
l [l] – agree, ringing, soft.
yu [y] – vowel, unspoken.
b [b] – agree., call., tv.
o [o] – vowel, beat.
in [f] - agree., deaf., soft.
ь /-/ The word has 6 letters, 5 sounds.
I. Admire (what should you do?) – verb.
II. N. f. - admire it.
Post: Sov. view, non-crossing, 1 reference Non-post: in the form of a leader. incl., units h.
III. In a sentence there is a predicate.
I. Asked (who?) me – places.
II. N. f. - I.
Post: personal of the first person. Non-post: in the form of genus. pad., units h.
I. Fearlessness (what?) – noun.
II. N.f. – fearlessness.
Post: vernacular, inanimate, cf. r., 2 sk.
Unposted: in the form named after. pad., units h.
III. In a sentence - the subject.
149. I. 1) I finally reached the corner of the forest, but there was no road there: some unmown low bushes spread wide in front of me, and behind them a deserted field could be seen far, far away. (T.) 2) For some time the noise of the larches rushed through this veil, then it too fell silent, as if, crushed by snow, the wind had died down. (Cor.) 3) Work was going on all around in the usual calm order: machines honked deep below, fittings rattled, and the drumbeat of pneumatic crowbars was heard.
(S. Ant.) II. Nozdryov was in some respects a historical person. Not a single meeting where he attended was complete without a story. (Narrative, non-declarative, complex, s/subordinate with a subordinate attributive relating to the word “at the meeting” and attached to the main one using the conjunction word “where”;
the main thing is one-piece. impersonal, dist., complete, subordinate clause - two-part, dist., complete.) Some story would certainly happen: either the gendarmes would take him out of the hall by the hand, or his own friends would be forced to push him out. If this does not happen, then something will happen that will never happen to others: or it will be cut up at the buffet in such a way that it only makes you laugh;
or he will lie in the most cruel way, so that he himself will finally become ashamed. And he will lie completely without any need: he will suddenly tell that he had a horse with some kind of blue or pink wool and similar nonsense, so that the listeners finally leave...
(N.V. Gogol.) I. Time (what?) – noun. II. N. f. - time.
Post: vernacular, inanimate, cf. r., a special type of declension.
Unposted: in the form named after. pad., units h.
III. It was heard (for how long?) for some time - circumstance.
12. A dash in a non-union complex sentence 150. The first sentence is similar in meaning to a complex sentence, the second and third are similar to complex sentences.
151. 1) The firewood is all gone, so there’s nothing to heat it with. You all went for firewood - there was nothing to burn with. 2) I wanted to go to the cinema, but I didn’t have time. I wanted to go to the cinema, but I didn’t have time. 3) If you come late, no one will be home. If you come late, no one will be home.
152. 1) The rain stopped - we went on an excursion. 2) Everyone had a rest during the night - it was possible to move on. 3) The driver pressed the brake - the car did not stop. 4) If you say a word, they will add ten.
153. 1) If you read books, you will know everything. (Last) 2) The finches arrived - the forest came to life. (D. 3.) 3) Labor feeds a person - laziness spoils him. (Narrative, non-vocal, complex non-union, consisting of two simple ones, where one is opposed to the other;
1st - two-part, distributed, complete, 2nd - two-part, non-distributed, complete.) (Last) 4) You enter the forestry enterprise and immediately feel: you are in a special world, with your own special interests. (Sol.) 5) The light was on at the cordon - they were waiting for us. (Narrative, non-vocal, complex non-union, consisting of two simple ones, where the second concludes the conclusion;
1st – two-stage, distributed, full, 2nd – single-stage. undefined-personal, distributive, complete.) (Paust.) 6) I am for a candle - a candle in the stove! I grab a book and run.
(Chuk.) 7) Without knowing how to hold an ax in your hand, you cannot cut a tree;
Without knowing the language, you can’t write well, beautifully, simply and clearly.
(M.G.) 1) – . condition 3) – . opposition 6) – ! rapid change of events Forestry - forestry (addition of parts of the foundations).
Burned - burn (formation of a word using a suffix).
154. 1) Finally, we climbed Mount Gud, stopped and looked back: a gray cloud hung on it... (Narrative, not exclaimed, a complex non-union, consisting of two simple ones, where the second extends the first;
1st – two-part, distended, complete, complicated by one. predicates and introductory words;
2nd - two-stage, distribution.. full.) (L.) 2) We galloped headlong towards the shot - we look: on the rampart the soldiers have gathered in a group and are pointing into the field, and there a horseman is flying headlong and holding something white on the saddle.
(L.) 3) “Be quiet, uncle,” my tramp objected, “if it rains, there will be fungi, and if there are fungi, there will be a body.” Now put the ax behind your back: the forester is walking.” (P.) Not seeing a bit of sense here, She looks quietly through the crack And what does she see?.. There are monsters sitting around the table:
One with horns, with a dog's muzzle, The other with a rooster's head...
(D.S. Pushkin.) 5) Even more terrible, even more wonderful:
Here is a crab riding on a spider, Here is a skull on a goose neck, spinning in a red cap;
Here the mill is dancing in a squat position, and its wings are crackling and flapping.
(A.S. Pushkin.) Jumped - gallop (prefix).
Will (non-derivative base).
155. 1) a) Guys were running in the yard, music was coming from the windows.
b) The guys played football in the yard;
Music thundered from the windows, wide open. 2) a) I didn’t recognize my old friend: we haven’t seen each other for a very long time. b) It looked like there was a storm at sea: the wind was driving ominous waves. c) The teacher looked around: the boy began to work on the board. 3) a) Hard to learn - easy to fight. b) If you do everything quickly, we’ll be in time for the show. c) There was snow outside the window - winter had come.
156. 1) When the curtain rose, the auditorium became quiet.
The curtain rose and the auditorium became quiet. 2) Everyone rushed to the platform because the train was approaching. Everyone rushed to the platform: the train approached. 3) The river has overflowed, so there is a threat of flooding. The river overflowed and there was a threat of flooding.
4) From the balcony we had a good view of the stage, since no one was bothering us. From the balcony we had a clear view of the stage: no one was bothering us.
157. Phenomena of living nature are important signals, or, as they say, indicators temperature regime. In the presence of heat, plant development naturally begins faster; in the absence of it, it proceeds more slowly. There is, however, a certain constancy in these phenomena.
The gray alder has begun to gather dust - it’s time for the beekeepers to set up their hives; in 10 days the bees will bring their first bribe.
The aspen is blooming - a hint to the mushroom picker: the first layer of porcini mushrooms has appeared in the pine forests. (Narrative, non-narrative, complex non-union) The rye was blooming - in a week haymaking will begin.
Signals from living nature are interesting and useful as an aid to knowledge gained by science. Of course, you cannot rely on them entirely. (According to A. Strizhev.) The text is in a popular science style, because the presentation of facts is accessible to a wide reader.
In the forests - in the forests (syn.), help - help (syn.), rely - trust (syn.).
I. Temperature regime (what?) – adj.
II.N. f. – temperature.
Post.: relates.
Non-post: in the form of genus. pad., units h., m.r.
III. The sentence contains a definition.
I. Goes (how?) slower – adv. II. N. f. – slowly Adverb of manner in the simple comparative degree.
III. In a sentence there is a circumstance.
I. Signals (what?) are useful – adj.
II. N. f. - useful.
Post: qualitative, used in short form.
Inconstant: in plural form. h.
III. In a sentence there is a predicate.
158. 1) It was cold, I didn’t sleep for three nights, I was exhausted and started to get angry. 2) The full moon shone on the reed roof and white walls of my new home;
in the courtyard, surrounded by a cobblestone fence, stood, leaning forward, another shack, smaller and older than the first. 3) I lit a sulfur match and brought it to the boy’s nose: it illuminated two white eyes. 4) I entered the hut: two benches and a table, and a huge chest made up all its furniture. 5) It didn’t end there: she hovered around my apartment all day;
the singing and jumping did not stop for a minute. 6) Whichever hut we approach is busy. 7) Having ordered him to put out the suitcase and let the cab driver go, I began to call the owner - they were silent;
I knock - they are silent.
COMPLEX SENTENCES WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONNECTION 13. Complex sentences with various types union and non-union connections and punctuation in them 159. Both sentences consist of two semantic parts;
in the first there is a coordinating connection between the parts, in the second there is a non-union connection.
160. 1) Weeping willows They bathed their branches in the lake, and here and there the banks were overgrown with sedge, in which were hidden large yellow flowers resting on wide floating leaves. (Gonch.) 2) The woman kept talking and talking about her misfortunes, and although her words were familiar to Saburov, they suddenly made her heart ache.
(Sim.) 3) Thunder rumbled over the roof, growing loudly and bursting into a crash when reddish lightning flashed;
It was getting dark from the hanging clouds. (Boon.) 4) I waited with trepidation for Grushnitsky’s answer;
cold anger took possession of me at the thought that if not for chance, I could have become the laughing stock of these fools. (L.) 5) At night I felt pain in my leg, and when I got up in the morning, it turned out to be very swollen. (M.-Mak.) 6) The curtain rose, and as soon as the audience saw their favorite, the theater began to tremble with applause and enthusiastic screams. (Kupr..) 7) And when he returned to the hut, his face, hair, and clothes were wet, as if they were completely saturated with an acrid swamp fog. (Kupr.) 8) The plane was already buzzing somewhere overhead, and although they were not visible, it was as if a black shadow from their wings passed over the girls’ faces.
(Fad.) 9) I wrapped myself in a cloak and sat down by the fence on a stone, looking into the distance: in front of me stretched the sea, disturbed by a night storm, and its monotonous noise, like the murmur of a falling asleep city, reminded me of old years... (L.) Which?
1), and [noun], (for what?
which).
despite 2), and, (although), .
5) , and, (when), .
161. 1) In the evenings I came to my sister and we played for a long time. (Cor.) 2) If my little sister was not yet asleep in her rocking chair in the next room, I would go up to her, and we would quietly caress each other, trying not to wake up the grumpy old nanny.
(Cor.) 3) It was already quite dawn and the people began to rise when I returned to my room. (L.T.) 4) When Kashtanka woke up, it was already light and noise was coming from the street, which only happens during the day. (Ch.) If in a complex sentence there is a secondary member or a common subordinate clause common to both simple sentences connected by the conjunction “and”, then a comma before coordinating conjunction"and" is not used.
163. 1) As soon as the sun begins to warm up like summer and the earth dries out after the spring flood, we cannot sit still and we set off to travel. (Prishv.) 2) With the first rays of the sun, when a wavy pinkish fog was still stretching across the field, the second squadron rose after its commander, and the planes, without losing sight of each other, headed south. (Pol.) 3) All around, lost in the golden fog, the peaks of the mountains crowded together like a countless herd, and Elbrus in the south stood up as a white mass, closing the chain of icy peaks, between which the fibrous clouds that had come from the east were already wandering. (L.) 4) We didn’t understand him [Wulich], but when he cocked the trigger and poured gunpowder onto the file, many involuntarily screamed and grabbed his hands. (L.) 5) With every flash of lightning, not only Milky Way, but the bright stars also disappeared, but as soon as the lightning went out, they again, as if thrown by some well-aimed hand, appeared in the same places. (L.T.) when?
1) (As soon as) and (), , and .
2) [..., (when), ...], and [,| |, ]. When?
5) [not only, but also, but, (as soon as), ..., as, ].
I. Fog (what?) wavy – adj. II. N. f. – wavy.
Post.: relates. Unposted: in the form named after. pad., units h., m.r.
III. In the sentence - definition.
I. Squadron (which? which?) second – active.
II. N. f. - second.
Post: ordinal.
Unposted: in the form named after. pad., units h., w. R.
III. The sentence contains a definition.
I. They were crowded (how? doing what?) getting lost - gerund, a special form of the verb.
II. Sov. view.
III. In a sentence there is a circumstance.
I. Clouds (what?) came running - participle, a special form of the verb.
II. N. f. - ran up. Post: valid, past vr., owls V.
Unposted: in the form named after. fallen, pl. h.
III. The sentence contains a definition.
164. I. Bravery is a very complex concept. Often the same act is assessed differently: some consider the act to be brave, others find that the person did nothing special.
In courage big role self-hypnosis plays. If a person convinces himself that he is scared, then it is very difficult to get rid of this thought.
Let's take a simple example. Everyone can walk one floorboard in the room. It wouldn’t even occur to anyone that doing this would be scary. Imagine that the same narrow board is thrown across an abyss and you need to walk along it. Scary?! Of course it's scary. Not everyone will dare to cross the abyss in this way, and the one who crossed will be considered brave. Meanwhile, he didn’t do anything special: the board is the same as the floorboard in the room.
II. When a person sees and convinces himself that it is dangerous to walk over an abyss on one plank, then his arms and legs cease to obey him. It's getting scary.
A person thinks: “Will I do this or not?” And in order to still do it, you need to firmly say to yourself: “Yes, I will do it!” I must do this at all costs, despite the danger.
You need to instill in yourself the idea of what you must do, and then you will do it.
There is no need to think that courage is something special, inherent only to certain individuals. extraordinary people. Anyone can become brave. You only need for a long time systematically educate yourself in this spirit, accustom yourself to obey your orders, firmly carry out what you decide to do.
(M. Gromov.) what?
II I: , [ch.], (what).
I. Plays (in what?) in courage - noun. II. N. f. - courage.
Post.: nav., inanimate., w. r., 3 sk.
Inconstant: in the form of a sentence. pad., units h.
III. Circumstance plays a role (where?) in courage.
165. I. On July evenings and nights, quails and corncrakes no longer cry, nightingales no longer sing in the forest ravines, there is no smell of flowers, but the steppe is still beautiful and full of life. As soon as the sun sets and the earth is enveloped in darkness, the day's melancholy is forgotten, everything is forgiven, and the steppe sighs easily with its broad chest... The monotonous chatter lulls you to sleep like a lullaby;
you drive and feel that you are falling asleep, but from somewhere comes the alarming cry of a bird that has not fallen asleep, or an indefinite sound is heard, similar to someone’s voice, like a surprised “ah-ah!”, and drowsiness lowers your eyelids.
(A.P. Chekhov.) II. The hungry wolf got up to go hunting. It was already the spring month, but at night the trees crackled with cold, like in December, and as soon as you stuck out your tongue, it began to sting strongly.
The wolf was in poor health, suspicious, she shuddered at the slightest noise and kept thinking about how at home without her no one would offend the wolf cubs. The smell of human and horse tracks, tree stumps, stacked firewood and the dark, manure-covered road frightened her;
It seemed to her as if people were standing behind the trees in the darkness, and somewhere beyond the forest dogs were howling. (A.P. Chekhov.) gen. member 1) [ and ], , , but [ and ].
2) [Barely] and (), , , and .
Howl - 2 syllables.
in [v] – agree., call., tv.
o [o] – vowel, beat.
yu [th] – agree, voiced, soft;
[u] – vowel, unvoiced.
t [t] – agree., deaf., tv.
The word has 4 letters, 5 sounds.
Treskotnya – crackle (suffixal).
Surprised - to surprise (suffixal).
I. Didn’t offend (what did you do?) – verb.
II. N. f. - offend.
Post.: nesov. view., trans., 2 ref.
Non-post: in the form of withdrawal. incl., units h., last vr., m.r.
III. In a sentence there is a predicate.
I. Didn’t offend (who?) the wolf cubs - noun.
II.N. f. - wolf cubs.
Post: vernacular, animate, has only plural form. h.
Non-permanent: in the form of wines. pad.
III. There is an addition in the sentence.
166. Father loved making paper kites. On Saturday he came to the dacha, we sat until late in the evening, planing planks, cutting paper, gluing, drawing scary faces on paper. 1) Early in the morning we went out through the back gate into a meadow that stretched all the way to the river;
but the river was not visible, and only the high opposite bank, a yellow sandy slope, pine trees, huts, and the bell tower of the Trinity-Lykovo Church, sticking out of the pines at the highest point of the bank, were visible. 2) I ran across the wet meadow, unwinding the string, afraid that my father had done something wrong and the kite would not rise;
and the kite really did not rise immediately: for some time it dragged along the grass, unsuccessfully tried to take off and sank, fluttered like a chicken, and suddenly slowly and miraculously floated up behind my back, and I ran on with all my might.
which one? I II (Yu. Trifonov.) 1) [noun], ();
but , a [, | |].
I 2) [,| |, | |], that ()and();
III II and: [, and,| |, and ], and .
167. Every person must choose a profession - that life work that best suits his natural abilities and inclinations. Then he will work, as they say, not out of fear, but out of conscience. A person devotes all his strength, all his energy, all his knowledge to his favorite work, and then this work will be done better, the return, as they say, will be greater. But a young specialist cannot be one-sided in his development and not see anything other than his specialty. This is a deep mistake.
A young specialist must be a cultural and versatile educated person who knows and loves his job, science, art, music, theater, and sports. (V.A. Obruchev.) The main idea: it is important not only to devote all your strength to your favorite work, but also to expand your horizons, to be a versatile person.
168. How to choose a profession?
Composition. My future profession.
As we grow older, we inevitably face a choice: what profession should we choose? What business should you devote yourself to?
When choosing a profession, you must take into account your abilities and hobbies. Then work will not be a heavy burden, but a joy, then you will be able to fully realize yourself in your favorite business.
In modern society there are many professions that attract me. I love communicating with people, helping them with something, I like seeing more and more new faces every day. That's why I'm seriously thinking about working in trade. By enrolling in a trade college, I can become not just a salesman, but a sales manager.
But I am also quite interested in the technical field. It’s so exciting to understand the structure of various complex devices, to be able to assemble or repair a computer or TV yourself!
Of course, for this you need to have a good knowledge of physics and mathematics, and master many modern technologies. Perhaps I can combine both of my desires by becoming a sales consultant in a computer or radio equipment store.
In any case, no matter who you become, you must treat your work responsibly and seriously, and always take into account the interests of the team. Only then will you win the respect of your colleagues and become a real specialist.
169. We heard the weather forecast on the radio. The newspaper predicts the results of future elections.
170. They are building a new railway, delivering cement and concrete, not depending on climatic conditions, hearing distant cannonade, correctly using labor reserves, watching the broadcast of a play on TV, sowing spring wheat.
Cement and concrete are delivered to the construction site every day. Residents of the besieged city hear distant cannonade. My parents are watching a broadcast of a play on TV in which I play the main role.
171. The male population of the village lives in campaigns and cordons, or posts, as the Cossacks call it...
Lukashka, standing on the tower, was a tall, handsome guy of about twenty, very similar to his mother. His face and entire build, despite the angularity of his youth, expressed great physical and moral strength. Despite the fact that he had recently been recruited into the ranks, it was clear from the broad expression of his face and the calm confidence of his posture that he had already assumed the warlike and somewhat proud posture characteristic of Cossacks and people in general who constantly carry weapons, that he was a Cossack and knows his worth no lower than his real one.
(L.N. Tolstoy.) what?
no matter what?
(Despite the fact that), [ch.], (that, | |, ...), (that and).
Text type – description.
Very – 2 syllables.
o [o] – vowel, beat.
h [h] – agree, deaf, soft.
e [e] – vowel, unspoken.
n [n] – agree, ringing, soft.
ь //-/ The word has 5 letters, 4 sounds.
GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT LANGUAGE 14. The role of language in the life of society.
Language as a historically developing phenomenon 172. Language is the most important means of communication. It serves to transmit information between people in oral and written form. The Russian language belongs to the East Slavic languages (together with Ukrainian and Belarusian). Language is studied by linguistics (linguistics). Sections of linguistics: phonetics, graphics, word formation, vocabulary, phraseology, morphology, spelling, syntax and punctuation.
1. Language as a social phenomenon:
a) the connection of language with the thinking and consciousness of people;
b) the emergence of language in the process of work.
2. Related languages:
a) the common origin of the Slavic languages;
b) national language is the most important sign of a nation.
3. The connection of language with the life of society:
a) changes in the vocabulary of the language (historicisms);
b) changes in grammar and phonetics.
4. Modern era: changes in social life – changes in language:
a) a huge layer of lost words;
b) a wide stream of neologisms.
174. I. The entire history of the spiritual life of the people is reflected in the depths of the folk language. (Narrative, non-vocal, simple, two-part, distributive, complete). Generations of a people pass one after another, but the results of the life of each generation remain in the language - as a legacy to descendants. One generation after another adds to the treasury of the native language the fruits of deep heart movements, the fruits historical events, views, traces of lived grief and lived joy - in a word, he carefully preserves the entire trace of his spiritual life in the people's word.
(K.D. Ushinsky.) The scientific study of language can be of deep interest and has important general educational significance, since the subject of this science is such an important aspect of human spiritual activity as language.
(D.N. Ushakov.) The general idea is the importance of studying the history of the language.
Carefully - careful (suf.) Preserves - keep (adj. - suf.) 175. I. Master of many languages, the Russian language is not only in the vastness of the places where it dominates, but also in its own space and contentment is great before everyone in Europe .
(M.V. Lomonosov.) II. Combining extraordinary willpower with the extraordinary power of concept, Lomonosov embraced all branches of education. The thirst for science was the strongest passion of this soul... He understood the true source of the Russian language and its beauty.
(A.S. Pushkin.) 176. Excavator operator (suff.), programmer (suff.), truck (suff.), new building (added basics), diesel locomotive (added basics), nuclear-powered ship (added basics), land reclamation machine (borrowing) , suff.), electron (borrowing, suff.), satellite (“spacecraft”) (adding a new meaning), trade union committee (abbreviation), lunar (prefix), factory-kitchen (addition from specific words (lexem), rocket -carrier (addition of individual words (lexemes), parachutist (suff.), tractor driver (suff.) 177. (oral) 178. (oral) 15. Russian literary language and his styles 179. Stepan Timo Feevich decided to fight for happiness in his native Russian land. (Narrative, non-vocal, simple, two-part, distributive, complete.) III. The archers, the people, the clouds of boys looked at the sovereign’s colorful palace, spread over a quarter of the Kremlin Square. Stone and wooden chambers, high towers, squat huts, vestibules. towers and turrets, painted in red, green, blue, covered with planks... A roar passed through the crowd of thousands. The drums began to crackle sharply.
(A.N. Tolstoy.) Outdated. words: boyars, plows, streltsy army, muskets, squeaks, military affairs, chambers, towers, sovereign's palace.
(Used to convey color historical era.) Dialectisms: namednis, kazyuli (local color).
180. I – limit;
II – green area, in the know, details, moment, on what issue.
181. I. Even in antiquity, two main forms of the dramatic genre stood out: tragedy and comedy. Ancient Greek songs and dances in honor of the god Dionysus were accompanied by the sacrifice of a goat to him; during the festivities, the legend of Dionysus was performed - tragedy (tragos - “goat”, ode - “song”, tragedy - “goat song, song in honor of the goat”) . The emergence of comedy (komos – “merry crowd”, ode – “song”), which is based on choral songs intertwined with cheerful everyday scenes, was also associated with ritual performances.
A dramatic plot is built on the same basic elements as an epic plot (commencement, development of action, climax, denouement), but they are usually given in a more complex and unexpected development for the viewer.
(According to L.I. Timofeev.) I – scientific;
II – artistic.
REPETITION OF PHONETICS. GRAPHIC ARTS.
SPELLING 182. I. The vowel sounds of the Russian language in the textbook are built according to the principle of the so-called “Shcherba triangle”, the features of which deserve a separate discussion (vowels are built according to certain principles - “narrow” and “wide”, “front”
and "rear"). The peculiarity of vowel sounds is that they are pronounced with the voice without barriers to the flow of air in the speech apparatus (bows, slits, etc.).
II. There are no words in the Russian language that begin with the vowel [ы].
183. (oral) 184. (oral) 185. (oral) 186. I. Our speech consists of a continuous series of sounds that follow each other without merging with each other. Speech is divided into words, which on the outside represent a sound or sounds subordinate to the same stress, and on the inside, a word is a unit of language that has a special meaning. This last circumstance allows the listener to decompose speech into individual words and find the boundary between words. Thus, we will not correctly divide speech in a language unknown to us into individual words;
Thus, even if among the known words we encounter several unfamiliar ones, they can merge into one whole.
(D.N. Ushakov.) II. 1) And the bell, a gift from Valdai, rings sadly under the arc. 2) The weather vanes on it [the ship] do not make noise.
III. Marking sentence boundaries and proper names.
Key thoughts:
1) the word is subject to a single stress;
2) the word has a meaning, and this allows us to find the boundary between words.
187. (oral) 188. II. Steep stairs, high feeling, show off your skill, my peer, fight with a peer.
All specified words need to be spell checked using the rule from step 1.
These words contain unverifiable consonants.
189. Behind my cart, four bulls were dragging another as if nothing had happened... This circumstance surprised me. Her owner followed her, smoking from a small Kabardian pipe trimmed in silver. He was wearing an officer's frock coat without epaulettes and a Circassian shaggy hat... His dark complexion showed that it had long been familiar with the Transcaucasian sun, and his prematurely gray mustache matched his firm gait and vigorous appearance.
The sun set, and night followed day without interval, as usually happens in the south;
but thanks to the ebb of the snow, we could easily distinguish the road, which still went uphill, although not so steeply.
(M. Yu. Lermontov.) what?
[ch.], (what), and .
190. I. 1) stump, salt;
2) vest, mowing.
II. 1) quiet;
2) guard, don’t touch;
3) supine, unbearable.
191. Epic hero, small benefits, written review, funny song, talk less, train better 2nd grade.
to fight, not to believe flatterers, a bold thought, a formidable tornado, running with exception. adv.
barriers, open doors wide open, fall backwards, experienced roofer, young drummer, ancient alarm clock, residential mason, ringing bells, young coachman, experienced textile workers, finish the job, dark night, old barrel, youngest daughter, read a fable, a serious illness, a beautiful wild nail.
192. (oral) 193. 1) All around the estate there are green gardens and vineyards. 2) The finest golden dust covered the Yalta Mountains. 3) Masons are banging with hammers, sawmills are working between stacks of timber. 4) A great heron flies from place to place. Her stupid head resembles the handle of a poorly bent cane. 5) |Having finished the letter|, I stood at the window for a long time. (Narrative, non-vocal, simple, two-part, complete, complicated by an isolated circumstance, expressed by a participial phrase.) 194. (orally).
195. I. Writers' Congress, new play, save fuel, winding path, impartial judge, explain the rule, serious case, marble pedestal, volume of the ball, survey of the area, pre-Olympic tournament, overgrown with weeds, vast space, pack animal, drive into mountain, iron trousers, save time, tighten a coat.
II. Explain, irresponsible, sew, artless, unprincipled, background, trees, shrink, go, save, barrier, play, two-story, three-tier, heavenly interesting, present, volume, filming, lift.
in the roots of words in suffixes and endings Black ink, yellow yellow- Burned hand, go with a burden, overnight di, hard sofa, art- in the forest, sun-scorched steppe, veined silk, mill armed attack, strong millstone. twine, buy cheap, wag your finger, dashing look, dance a waltz, veneer a building in the roots of words in suffixes and endings Rustle of leaves, ripe Heavy burn, fight against locusts, gooseberry, basement fast jump, funny dog floor, clatter of hooves, prim - Come on, go get your luggage, man. funny little bear, brocade tablecloth, reed roof, forest slum going out onto the porch, excellent dancer, wall cladding, lead factory, lead clouds.
197. The rustle and whisper of falling drops can be heard in the quiet air. The trees do not move, the foliage does not rustle, only sometimes an acorn falls from the oak tree. Sometimes a neighbor's girl will run behind the bars of the garden. She looks enviously at the gooseberry bushes, but is afraid of the watchman hiding in the hut.
The watchman and I are friends, and he allows us to eat transparent yellow plums or black currants.
Covered with an old cloak, he likes to talk about abstract subjects. The rain is over. Attracted by the sweet smell of the garden, bees often appear;
The little jackdaw, apparently fallen out of the nest, opens its beak wide. The old man picks up the chick and places it near the hut.
(According to A. Bobkova.) 198. A large two-story school made of red brick, with bright classrooms, with a large gymnasium, was located at the main gate of the park... Their [Seryozha and Valya’s] hearts froze in reverence when they, Tiptoeing along the floorboards, we walked through one of the classrooms into the lower corridor. There was silence throughout this spacious building, the slightest rustle or knock reverberated around... [And from these empty classrooms with bare desks, rooms |that still retained the specific smell of school|, suddenly both Seryozha and Valya felt that world ], (in which they grew up), (which was integral to them) and (which was now gone, it seemed, forever). This world once seemed so ordinary, ordinary, even boring. And suddenly he stood before them, so uniquely wonderful, free, full of frank, direct and pure relationships between those who taught and who studied.
(A. Fadeev.) (Narrative, non-vocal, complex, complex subordination with unilateral subordination of 3 subordinate clauses;
the main thing is impersonal, distributive, complete, donkey. one-way additions and more. about.;
1st prev. – two-stage, distribution, full;
2nd prev. – two-stage, distribution, full;
3rd prev. – two-stage, distribution, complete, osl. centuries word).
Around – 2 syllables in [v] – consonant, ringing, tv.
o [a] – vowel, unsound.
to [k] – agree., deaf., tv.
r [r] – agree, call, tv.
y [y] – vowel, beat.
g [k] – agree., deaf., tv.
199. I. The ideal for me has always been to replace the scholasticism of mechanical analysis with living thought, observation of the living facts of language, thinking about them. I know that it is difficult to think, and yet it is necessary and necessary to think;
and we must be afraid of scholasticism, stereotypes that lie in wait for us at every step, every time our thought weakens.
II. The meaning and value of spelling is in its unity. The more ideal this unity, the easier the mutual understanding... Everything unusual, unusual abbreviations, etc. - all this slows down perception, stopping our attention on itself. Everyone knows how difficult it is to read an illiterate letter: you stumble at every mistake, and sometimes you simply don’t immediately understand what is written. To write illiterately means to encroach on the time of the people to whom we are addressing, and therefore is completely unacceptable in a properly organized society.
(L.V. Shcherba.) (Narrative, unspoken, complex with different types communications;
1st part – complex. with adj. explanatory;
Part 2 – complex composition. with the conjunction a;
units are connected by a non-union bond).
Key thoughts:
I. When parsing, it is necessary not to work according to a template, but to comprehend the linguistic facts.
II. The purpose of spelling is to facilitate understanding between people.
200. Courage We know what now lies on the scales And what is happening now.
The hour of courage has struck on our watch, And courage will not leave us.
It’s not scary to lie under dead bullets, It’s not bitter to be homeless, - But we will save you, Russian speech, the Great Russian word.
We will carry you free and clean, And we will give you to your grandchildren, and we will save you from captivity Forever!
(A. Akhmatova) Let's carry - 3 syllables p [p] - cong., deaf., tv.
r [r] – agree, call, tv.
o [a] – vowel, unsound.
n [n] – agree., ringing., soft.
e [i] – vowel, unspoken.
s [s] – agree., deaf., soft.
e [o] – vowel, beat.
m [m] – agree, call, tv.
Let's save - 2 words.
s [s] – agree., deaf., tv.
p [p] – agree., deaf., tv.
a [a] – vowel, unvoiced.
s [s] – agree., deaf., soft.
e [o] – vowel, beat.
m [m] – agree, call, tv.
Continuity of generations is no longer in fashion. Modern parents store old photographs not in an album, but on electronic media, but New Year cards messages are now sent to grandparents most often via instant messengers rather than by mail. Expert "Oh!" and child psychologist Anna Skavitina discusses why main value family traditions and why it is simply necessary to try to preserve them.
Family values are what makes one family different from another. This is family memory, traditions that are passed down from generation to generation, in general, something that families usually don’t even think about, taking their presence for granted. We simply share them with the rest of the family or rebel against them. But before you divide or rebel, you can try to realize what is special about your family, how it is connected, what threads and events you are intertwined with each other.
Look through the family album with your children, and if you suddenly don’t have one, do it, tell your children about close and distant relatives, think about whether there is something similar in their destinies, and whether this is reflected in your destiny.
For example, in our country, which has gone through numerous wars, there are many families from which, generation after generation, men were “washed out”: they went to partisans, to one war or another, took little part in family life, etc. Such families seem to have unconsciously lost the value of men, or, on the contrary, the men in them have acquired super-value, because due to historical events in the house it was necessary to cope without them.
We also have such values as intelligence and efficiency. In such families, it is customary to work very hard and invest all the remaining time in education. The same is required of children; rest is considered an absolutely unworthy activity for which one can be ashamed.
Our family values are passed down from generation to generation general meanings existence, like relay batons, which can be both positive and negative for us. If your family has wonderful traditions that you would like to pass on to your children, then this can be done through communication, actions or your behavior.
Family traditions are repeated rituals that reflect our inner values. Common traditions unite the family, support, calm, and make life predictable. There is a desire to return home, to take part in the life of the family, and there is a feeling of greater meaning from what is happening.
People in whose lives there is room for family traditions, in general. Support, stability, and clarity of what is happening in the world are especially important for children. The more stable the family, the calmer and more successful the child.
Think about what traditions do you have in your family? What is passed down from generation to generation, and what was born almost by accident? Yes, yes, many rituals arise from almost nothing and become traditions because they correspond to the values of your family.
Think about what values your family rituals reflect. For example, the tradition is to send postcards to everyone New Year, calling close and distant relatives reflects the value of joint support: when there are many of us, we are strong, we are not alone. The tradition of common feasts conveys the value of togetherness and family strength. It is thanks to them that the child receives role models and ways that will teach him to deal with his feelings correctly, an understanding of whether he can count on the support of loved ones or whether he needs to.
If you feel like there aren’t many family traditions in your family, that’s okay. Get together with or without your children for a family council and talk about what is important to each of you. Perhaps from this conversation ideas for new traditions will be born that will be supported by your family for many years.
5 ideas for family traditions
Joint leisure
Going on a picnic in warm weather, walks in the forest or in the park, at home, going to the cinema or theater and discussing what you watched, evening conversations over tea.
Joint feasts
There used to be a tradition of hospitality: when a guest comes, feed him. It was believed that a person who shared a meal with you could not be your enemy or hold a grudge against you. Sitting in the kitchen with food, tea, discussing everything in the world with friends or family members is the Russian version of psychotherapy.
Celebrating family and personal events
Birthdays, New Year, March 8, school - all these are reasons to unite, share and increase joy for the family.
Family photo album
A family photo album, the creation of a family tree, a family coat of arms is an opportunity to be proud of your relatives, their achievements, history, and connection with your roots. This gives greater stability to each family member.
Family heirlooms
Manuscripts, a grandmother’s ring or dress, a gramophone - these family talismans, “trifles” that protect us, convey to us the message of previous generations, tell us: “Everyone is valuable to their family, the world, and you are important to your family.”
How can you stop passing the baton of family patterns and values that negatively impact you and your children? The main thing is to realize what this influence is and try, as far as is within your power, to change the situation little by little.
I know a family in which it was absolutely not customary to celebrate children's birthdays. This was the custom among parents in their families - and they transferred their experience to their children. The children in this family sometimes went to other people's birthdays, but for their own birthdays they received some small, inexpensive bunny and the words: "Oh, by the way, it's your birthday." They were always offended, constantly sorting things out with each other. In this family, individual manifestations were not valued, no one supported the value of each other.
The parents decided to change this situation. Once they agreed to decorate the Christmas tree together two days before the New Year, and then to celebrate the children’s birthdays. They discussed how each child dreamed of spending this day, and thought that they could do everything together to make their dream come true. No, magic didn’t happen, but they felt that the family became warmer - and now they know that there is a place where they are loved. And, probably, this is exactly what traditions are for - to help us feel that there is a place on earth where you are loved and welcome!
The family is the foundation of the state. The existence and well-being of the state depends on how strong and friendly each family is.
This is a voluntarily founded unit of society with the primary reasons for its creation, which is love and respect between spouses. The fundamental task of every family is procreation, which is carried out at the birth of children, to whom family values and traditions are traditionally passed on.
People remember those traditions that were established and observed in the family, for example, the obligatory New Year's Eve with the family.
Celebration of May 9
May 9 is a sacred holiday for all Russians, when they pay honor and respect to all those who died on the fields of the Great Patriotic War. A new emerging tradition. Annual March Immortal Regiment. This tradition shook the whole country, because in Russia there is not a single family that was not scorched by the flames of the Second World War. Marching in the unified formation of the Immortal Regiment, the people of one country feel how united they are and are ready to defend the freedom and independence of their country. This wonderful tradition should be passed on to the younger generation, so that young people know and honor the memory of all those who died in the war.
Russia has a strong tradition of large families. Every year, the President of the country presents awards to the best representatives of large families. Each family has its own, sometimes simple traditions, but they determine those norms of behavior and views that are considered unshakable for the family. Grandparents, giving their care and love to their grandchildren, can be sure that their grandchildren will not leave them in the plight of lonely, forgotten old people, because the family tradition includes the care and guardianship of frail loved ones.
What to do to bring the family together?
In order for the family to be friendly, you need to make a little effort, for example, make it a tradition to organize family councils. General family councils, where pressing problems are jointly resolved and collective decisions are made.
Here are some tips for keeping your family united:
- Always celebrate the birthdays of all family members. It is very important for children that they are remembered and loved, so they are given a birthday party.
- The newly revived tradition of child baptism. In deeply religious families, this tradition has never been interrupted.
- It is a very good tradition when the whole family goes out into nature or spends a vacation together. It’s a good idea to go on educational excursions to museums, cities and countries with the whole family.
Family values are of no small importance for a family. Moreover, it can be not only a jewelry box. In all the vicissitudes of the 20th century, few could preserve family jewels, but albums with yellowed photographs can tell a lot about the history of a family’s ancestors. Photos will help restore historical roots families and create a family tree of family history. Children, seeing with what love their parents treat the past of their ancestors, will transfer this tradition to their families, where they will sacredly honor and preserve family traditions.
Conclusion:
Family is the most important thing in a person’s life. Parents should know that the memory of family traditions and values laid down in childhood will be securely stored and passed on to the future generation. Family customs and traditions Not serves to deny neither
– for approval or strengthening negation, where Not
126. stands with the predicate. 1) The driver said that the bus was going to the park. (.)
Explain
(2) The student did the work in such a way that he had to redo it..) Mode of action 1) The driver said that the bus was going to the park. (.)
3) A friend said that he was busy in the evening. (
(4) This holiday was a success because the guys tried very hard..) Causes 1) The driver said that the bus was going to the park. (.) 6)
5) We couldn't understand what was happening. (
Suddenly I remembered an incident that happened last year. volume. (.)
127. Defred Keep family traditions (– up-
management, family traditions– agreement), mysterious
beauty, war veteran (management), spring carnival, paradise
onny festival, young talents, leather suitcase, glass
showcase, wind turbine, future generations, windy weather
yes, comment in detail on the chess game ( in detail
comment– adjacency, comment on the game –
control, chess game– approval), collect st-
ryn coins, spicy herbs, Gostiny Dvor.
NN are written in adjectives formed from nouns
with a stem ending in n(spring, song), A
also with the suffix enne(exception - windy).
N written in adjectives with suffixes en(yang),in (leather-
ny,silver,mousey). Exceptions: glass, tin-
ny,wood.
128. 1) Try to choose a book to your liking, distracting
get away from everything in the world for a while, sit comfortably with a book, and you
you will understand that there are many books you cannot live without... ( 1) The driver said that the bus was going to the park. (.)
(D. Likhachev.) 2) When I have a new book in my hands ( time), I feel-
I believe that something living, speaking, wonderful has entered my life
(explain.). (M. G.) 3) The excitement of the old boy is fully accessible
when I remember the smell of the first book and the very taste of my soul,
randasha ( time). (Tward.) 4) Each book of the writer, if it
written in the blood of the heart ( conditions), is the embodiment of the most cherished
his thoughts. (Ch.) 5) Whatever you do, whatever you do -
fox ( time), you will always need smart and faithful help -
56
nickname - book. (March.) 6) To discover unknown countries ( goals),
Not only was a navigation textbook needed, but also Robinson Crusoe.
(Ilyin.) 7) In order to write a popular book ( goals), on the-
It is extremely good to know what you are writing about. (P.K.) 8) Book
teaches even when you don't expect it and maybe don't want it ( us-
stupid). The power of a book is enormous. (S.-Sok.)
129. (orally).
COMPLEX SENTENCES
WITH MULTIPLE CLAUSES
9. Main types of complex sentences
with two or more subordinate clauses and punctuation in them
130. 1) [Meresyev saw], (how Gvozdev shuddered), (how sharply he
turned) (as his eyes sparkled from under the bandages). (Pol.) 2) [We would-
during the summer holidays], (when the mother, who stayed in the city all summer,
Yes, she sent me a message) (so that we could all come). (Cor.) 3) (When
the door was locked), [Arina Petrovna got down to business],
(about which a family council was convened). (S.-Sch.)
131. I. 1) [Sintsov could not find out from anyone for a long time], (when
that train to Minsk, with which he was to depart, will go
lie). ( Narrative.,unvoiced.,complex,complex with two-
subordinate clauses with serial communication; 1 -e,explainer-
new,refers to the predicate of the main« I can not know» And
attached to the main one using a conjunctive word« When»; 2 -e,
attributive,refers to 1-mu subordinate clause,to the point
telny« train», and attached with a conjunction word« With
which»; The main thing–two-stage.,discord.,complete, 1 -e subordinate clause–
two-stage.,discord.,complete, 2 -e–single-component.impersonal,discord.,floor-
new.) (Sim.) 2) (When the figure of Seryozhka appeared against the background of one
from the windows), [it seemed to him] (that someone was hiding in the corner, in
darkness, now he will see and grab him). (Fad.) 3) [Coachman Trofim,
|leaning towards the front window|, told my father], (that the road
became heavy), (that we couldn’t get to Parashin before dark), (that
we'll be late). ( Narrative.,unvoiced.,complex,complex-
