In his autobiographical poem, the author recalls the past, in which during collectivization his father, a peasant who worked from dawn to dusk, was repressed like a fist, with hands that he could not help but straighten and clench into a fist “... there were no individual calluses - solid . Truly a fist!” The pain of injustice is stored in the heart of the author of the decade. The stigma of being the son of an “enemy of the people” fell on him, and everything stemmed from the desire of the “father of nations” to bring to their knees, to subjugate the entire population of his will. multinational country. The author writes about amazing feature Stalin to transfer “a heap of any of his miscalculations” to someone else’s account, to someone else’s “enemy’s distortion”, to someone else’s “dizziness from the victories he predicted.” Here the poet refers to an article by the head of the party, which was called “Dizziness from Success.”
Memory stores these events in the life of both an individual and the entire country. A. Tvardovsky speaks about this by right of memory, by the right of a person who experienced all the horror of repression along with his people.
2. V.F. Tendryakov “Bread for the Dog”
The main character is a student high school. But he is not an ordinary Soviet citizen, his father is a responsible worker, the family has everything, even during the period of general famine, when people really had nothing to eat, when millions of people were dying from exhaustion, in their house there was borscht, even with meat, pies with delicious fillings, real kvass, bread kvass, butter, milk - everything that the people were deprived of. The boy, seeing the hunger of the people around him, and especially the “elephants” and “schoolchildren” dying in the station park, felt remorse. He looks for a way to share with those in need, trying to carry bread and leftover food to the chosen beggar. But people, having learned about the compassionate boy, overpowered him with their begging. As a result, he chooses a wounded dog, frightened by people who apparently wanted to eat it at one time. And his conscience slowly subsides. No, not really, but not life-threatening. The head of the station, in the public garden where these destitute people lived, could not stand it and shot himself. Years later, V. Tendryakov talks about something that still haunts him.
3. A. Akhmatova “Requiem”
The whole poem is a memory of the terrible years of repression, when millions of people stood in lines with parcels for those millions of people who were in the dungeons of the NKVD. A.A. Akhmatova literally demands to remember this terrible episode in the history of the country, no one should ever forget it, even “... if they shut my exhausted mouth,” writes the poet, “at which a hundred million people are screaming,” the memory will remain.
4. V. Bykov “Sotnikov”
Childhood memories play a very important role in the fates of the main characters of the story. A fisherman once saved a horse, his sister, her friend, and hay. As a boy, he showed courage, courage and was able to get out of the situation with honor. This fact played with him cruel joke. Having been captured by the Nazis, he hopes that he will be able to get out of a terrible situation, and, saving his life, he gives up the detachment, its location and weapons. The next day, after Sotnikov’s execution, he realizes that there is no turning back. Sotnikov experienced a completely opposite situation in his childhood. He lied to his father. The lie was not that serious, but the cowardice with which he said it all left a deep imprint on the boy’s memory. For the rest of his life he remembered the pangs of conscience, the suffering that tore his soul apart. He does not hide behind the backs of his comrades, he takes the blow on himself to save others. Withstands torture, ascends to the scaffold and dies with dignity. Thus, childhood memories led the heroes to their life ending: one to a feat, the other to betrayal.
5. V.G. Rasputin "French Lessons"
Decades later, the author recalls the teacher who played a decisive role in his difficult fate. Lidia Mikhailovna, a young teacher who wants to help a smart student in her class. She sees how the child’s desire to learn is broken by the callousness of the people among whom he is forced to live. She tries different variants help, but only one thing succeeds: playing for money. He needs these pennies to buy milk. The director catches the teacher committing a crime and she is fired. But the boy remains in school, finishes it and, having become a writer, writes a book dedicating it to his teacher.
Good day, dear friends. In this article we offer an essay on the topic "".
The following arguments will be used:
– B. L. Vasiliev, “Exhibit No.”
– V.S. Vysotsky, “Buried in our memory for centuries...”
Our life consists of present moments, plans for the future and memories of the past, of what we have already experienced. We are accustomed to preserving pictures of the past, to feel those emotions and feelings, this is how our consciousness works. Usually we remember the brightest memories, those that caused us a storm of positive experiences, in addition, we remember the information we need. But there are also unpleasant moments when memory fails us, or in the most vivid images we remember something that we would like to forget. One way or another, memory is our value; plunging into the past years, we relive events dear to us, and also think about the mistakes we have made in order to prevent similar things in the future.
In B. L. Vasiliev’s story “Exhibit No.,” the thread connecting Anna Fedorovna with her son is the memory of him. The only one dear person The woman goes to war, promising to return, which is not destined to come true. Having received a single letter from Igor’s son, the next thing the woman reads is the news of his death. For three days the inconsolable mother cannot calm down and stop crying. Mourns young guy and the entire communal apartment in which he lived with his mother, everyone who accompanied him to last way. A week later, the funeral came, after which Anna Feodorovna “stopped screaming and crying forever.”
Having changed jobs, a single woman shares food cards and money with five families in an apartment orphaned by a terrible war. Every evening Anna Fedorovna follows her established ritual: she rereads the letters she has received. Over time, the paper wears out, and the woman makes copies, and carefully stores the originals in a box with her son’s things. For the anniversary of the Victory, they show a military chronicle; Anna Fedorovna has never watched it, but that evening her gaze still falls on the screen. Having decided that the boy’s back that flashed on the screen belongs to her Igor, she has not looked away from the TV since then. The hope of seeing her son takes away the sight of an aged woman. She begins to go blind and reading her cherished letters becomes impossible.
On her eightieth birthday, Anna Fedorovna is happy, surrounded by people who remembered Igor. Soon the next anniversary of the Victory will pass and pioneers come to the old woman, they ask to show her dear letters. One of the girls demands to give them for school museum, which causes hostility on the part of the orphaned mother. But after she drove away the assertive pioneers, the letters were not found on the spot: taking advantage of the old woman’s venerable age and blindness, the children stole them. They took her from the box and from her soul. Tears continuously flowed down the cheeks of the desperate mother - this time her Igor died forever, she could no longer hear his voice. Anna Feodorovna could not survive this blow, tears still slowly flowed down her wrinkled cheeks, although her body became lifeless. And the place for the letters was a desk drawer in the storeroom of the school museum.
In Vladimir Vysotsky’s poem “Buried in our memory for centuries...” the poet compares a person’s memory to a fragile clay vessel and calls for a careful relationship with the past. Events, dates, and faces that are so important to us are buried in our memory for centuries, and attempts to remember are not always crowned with success.
Vladimir Semenovich cites as an example memories of the war, the fact that a sapper can only make a mistake once. After such a disastrous mistake, some people are reluctant to remember the person, while others don’t even want to remember at all. The same thing happens in our lives in general: some people constantly delve into the past, while others prefer not to return to it. The past years become an old warehouse of our experiences, thoughts, emotions and scraps past life that we don't want to dig up. It is very easy to get lost in all this, and even easier to make a mistake. Is our old times like a labyrinth: to understand it, we need pointers, because the “flow of years” mixes up our memories, erases them.
Just like in war, there are “mines” in our memories – the most unpleasant memories and misdeeds, everything that we want to put in the “shadow” and forget. The solution to this is to prevent errors so that they cannot cause “harm” over time.
To summarize, it is necessary to emphasize the importance of memory in our lives, its enormous importance. We must cherish what is preserved in our memories: our experiences, happy moments and moments of despair, everything we have experienced. We should not consign the past to oblivion, because by losing it, a person loses a part of himself.
Today we talked about the topic “ The problem of memory: arguments from literature“. This option you can use to prepare for the Unified State Exam.
Assignment to essay on the Unified State Exam:
15.3 How do you understand the meaning of the phrase: The problem of memory of the Great Patriotic War? Formulate and comment on the definition you have given. Write an essay-argument on the topic The problem of memory of the Great Patriotic War
When arguing your thesis, provide 2 (two) examples-arguments and answers confirming your reasoning: give one example-argument from the text you read, and the second from your life experience.
The essay or composition must be at least 70 words. If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points. Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.
Example of essay No. 1 on the topic: The problem of memory of the Great Patriotic War.
“War is the greatest disaster that can cause suffering to humanity; it destroys religion, states, families. Any disaster is preferable to it,” said Martin Luther, Christian theologian, initiator of the Reformation, translator of the Bible into German. Indeed, war erases everything that a person brought into this life. Any disaster does not claim as many lives, does not bring as much pain and suffering AS WAR, so people do not forget these terrible years.
The text by Boris Lvovich Vasiliev,..., raises the problem of memory of the Great Patriotic War.
The author notes that every year on June twenty-second an old woman comes to Brest. She does not strive for the Brest Fortress. Old woman goes out to the square, where he reads the same inscription on a marble slab, remembering his son.
An example that proves my point is the poem by Olga Bergolts “No one is forgotten - nothing is forgotten.” The lines of this poem are permeated with gratitude to the Russian soldiers who fought and died for the Fatherland. Olga Bergolts urges people to remember what our compatriots had to go through. The author says that every year the whole country “worships the ashes of the murdered” as a sign of respect.
Another example that proves my point is the siege of Leningrad. On July 10, 1941, the Germans attacked Leningrad. Having a numerical and technical advantage, the Germans planned to soon capture the city. Despite this, the Russian people were able to withstand the siege. They never surrendered the city to the enemy. In memory of these years, Leningrad was awarded the title “Hero City”.
Thus, it is important to remember the terrible years of the Great Patriotic War, not to forget what our people had to endure.
Example of essay No. 2 on the topic: The problem of memory of the Great Patriotic War.
More than 70 years have passed since the last salvos of the Great Patriotic War died down. But the word “war” still resonates with pain in human hearts. The ninth of May is a sacred holiday for all the people of our country.
The problem of memory of the Great Patriotic War is heard in the text of the Russian writer B. Vasiliev.
The defense of the Brest Fortress became one of the many legendary pages of that terrible war. The author writes that “The fortress did not fall. The fortress bled to death.” Time has erased the faces of the soldiers who defended the fortress from memory. We don't know all of them by name. But we know one thing: before last straw They resisted fascism with blood.
Now Brest Fortress- museum. Grateful descendants come here to remember those who remained on this earth forever and to bow to them.
Every year, on June 22, an old woman comes to Brest. She lays flowers at the marble slab on which the name of her son, who heroically defended the Brest station, is carved. Decades have passed since her son died. But she is a mother, and in her heart he will live forever.
Every line of this text is filled with pride for our entire people, who defeated fascism in the Second World War. The author’s position is clear: we are descendants of WWII soldiers, we will forever remember their feat, heroism and courage
I remember “And the dawns here are quiet” by B. Vasiliev. Five female anti-aircraft gunners die after entering into an unequal duel with a German landing party. They die, but do not give up. They had the opportunity to avoid this collision. But they made their choice: they died, but did not let the Nazis near railway. But a modest obelisk appeared at the edge of the forest. Sergeant Major Vaskov and the son of Rita Osyanina come here to remember the war years and honor the memory of those killed.
In the novel “The Young Guard” A. Fadeev talks about underground fighters who fought fascism behind enemy lines. They were very young, they dreamed of happy life. But they were betrayed, and they all died. Their names are forever carved on the marble slab of the memorial in the city of Krasnodon.
Time is merciless. Veterans are leaving. There are very few of them left. From their lips we learn the truth about the war. We, modern youth, are grateful to everyone who gave us a cloudless sky and the happiness of a peaceful day.
When they say "Great" Patriotic War“I see a picture of battles and fierce battles; pain – physical from wounds, and mental, which torments people who lost their loved ones at that time. But what does war mean to modern society? How do they treat current people to veterans, to the memory of great battles and universal heroes? This is exactly what L. Matros makes the reader think about with his text.
Speaking about this problem, the author regretfully admits that the war years are fading into the distance from the memory of modern times and “in the external attributes Everyday life“Everything that reminds of her gradually disappears.” And he is right, because a new generation is growing up, which, alas, is not interested in “problems of the past”; they are much more interested in thinking about today. More and more often we are faced with a situation where modern generation The Great Patriotic War becomes just an echo from the past, which is mentioned in history textbooks. It’s not for nothing that Sailor considers the topic of victory especially relevant these days, because a great victory showed “how powerful and invincible the people of the Earth are when they are guided by the wisdom of finding ways to unite the forces of good and humanism against evil and misanthropy.”
I completely share the author’s view, his pain is close to me. I also believe that the topic of folk memory is very relevant at the present time, when in the world we are faced with big amount troubles. Based on this, I believe that it is impossible to educate a full-fledged person without teaching him to respect his ancestors and the history of the country
The Great Patriotic War created an entire poetic anthology of the era. The importance of people's memory has been emphasized more than once in the works of talented writers. In this way they showed us that these events are sacred for the entire people. We must remember those who died and treat veterans with respect.
Let us recall, at least, “Obelisk” by Vasil Bykov, where the feat of the teacher, shot by the Nazis, was not forgotten.
Also, for example, one can recall Kondratiev’s story “Sashka”.
Speaking about this work, one cannot ignore such concepts as courage, honor, courage and courage. It was these qualities that he possessed main character stories. Sashka. Although this hero is still very young, he takes his profession very seriously.
The events of those years leave no one indifferent. And it is very valuable that over time we do not turn into mankurt slaves from famous legend who do not remember their past.
The main thing is to remember the truly great words of A.S. Pushkin: “Respect for the past is the trait that distinguishes education from savagery.”
- Category: Arguments for the Unified State Exam essay
- A.T. Tvardovsky - poem “There are names and there are such dates...”. Lyrical hero A.T. Tvardovsky acutely feels his and his generation’s guilt before the fallen heroes. Objectively, such guilt does not exist, but the hero judges himself by the highest court - the spiritual court. This is a man of great conscience, honesty, whose soul is sick for everything that happens. He feels guilty because he simply lives, he can enjoy the beauty of nature, enjoy holidays, and work on weekdays. And the dead cannot be resurrected. They gave their lives for the happiness of future generations. And the memory of them is eternal, immortal. There is no need for loud phrases and laudatory speeches. But every minute we must remember those to whom we owe our lives. The dead heroes did not leave without a trace, they will live in our descendants, in the future. The theme of historical memory also appears in Tvardovsky’s poems “I was killed near Rzhev”, “They lie there, deaf and dumb”, “I know: it’s not my fault...”.
- E. Nosov - story “Living Flame”. The plot of the story is simple: the narrator rents a house from an elderly woman, Aunt Olya, who lost her only son in the war. One day he plants poppies in her flowerbeds. But the heroine clearly doesn’t like these flowers: poppies are bright, but short life. They probably remind her of the fate of her son, who died at a young age. But in the finale, Aunt Olya’s attitude towards flowers changed: now a whole carpet of poppies was blazing in her flowerbed. “Some crumbled, dropping petals to the ground like sparks, others only opened their fiery tongues. And from below, from the moist earth, full of vitality, more and more tightly rolled buds rose to prevent the living fire from going out.” The image of the poppy in this story is symbolic. This is a symbol of everything sublime and heroic. And this heroic continues to live in our consciousness, in our soul. Memory nourishes the roots of the “moral spirit of the people.” Memory inspires us to new exploits. The memory of the fallen heroes always remains with us. This, I think, is one of the main ideas of the work.
- B. Vasiliev - story “Exhibit No...”. In this work the author poses the problem historical memory and child cruelty. While collecting relics for the school museum, the pioneers steal two letters from the blind pensioner Anna Fedotovna, which she received from the front. One letter was from my son, the second from his friend. These letters were very dear to the heroine. Faced with unconscious childhood cruelty, she lost not only the memory of her son, but also the meaning of life. The author bitterly describes the heroine’s feelings: “But it was deaf and empty. No, taking advantage of her blindness, the letters were not taken out of the box - they were taken out of her soul, and now not only she, but also her soul has become blind and deaf.” The letters ended up in the storeroom of the school museum. “The pioneers were thanked for their active search, but there was never a place to find them, and the letters from Igor and Sergeant Perepletchikov were put aside in reserve, that is, they were simply put in a long box. They are still there, these two letters with a neat note: “EXHIBIT No...”. They lie in a desk drawer in a red folder with the inscription: “SECONDARY MATERIALS ON THE HISTORY OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR.”
