Today it is no longer possible to find out why and at what time such a system as Chechen teips was established. It is known that already in the middle of the eighteenth century, the Nokhchi (Chechens), uniting with the Ingush, completely formed their ethnic group. Until this time, it is unknown how long it took for a kind of military-economic alliances, that is, Chechen teips, to be formed.
Legend
Legends say that the ancestors of the Chechens had a bronze cauldron with the names of the first twenty teips forged on it, but those not included in this list melted the cauldron. Nevertheless, the names of the original twenty have been preserved: Sesankhoy Ilyesi-nekye, Benoy, Mlly-nekye, Yubak-nekye, Tsentoroy and the remaining fifteen.
Chechen teips also united with each other. These large formations were called tukhums. Already in the mid-nineteenth century, nine tukhums united Chechen teips, of which there were one hundred and thirty-five. Today there are more of them, and they are divided into mountainous, of which there are more than a hundred, and lowland, of which there are about seventy. Each teip is internally divided into branches and surnames (gars and nekyi). The head is the council of elders of the teip, where the most experienced and respected representatives administer the law, in addition, the position of byachcha - military leader is obligatory.
Pure and mixed
Chechen teips were called, the list of which will be presented as completely as possible, according to the area where the clan lived, or the business in which the clan was engaged. For example, the Kharachoy teip (translated into Russian as “cave”) or the Sharoy teip (translated as “glacier”) are clearly named after the first type, but the Peshkhoi teip is a teip of stove-makers, the teip of Khoy is a guards’ teip, and the Deshni teip is gold jewelers .
There are pure and mixed tapes. Nokhchmakhoy - this is the name of any pure teip - formed purely from Chechens, other blood was mixed with the rest. Guna, for example, is related to the Terek Cossacks, Kharacha - to a large extent with Circassian blood, Dzumsa - with Georgian, and Arsala - with Russian. Thus, mixed Chechen teips are distinguished. Their list is more extensive than Nokhchmakhoy.
The main thing for tape is the beginning
Since this is a tribal union, the personality of each Chechen is formed here and all moral and ethical standards are instilled in him. The Chechens call these postulates principles. I started twenty-three in total. Some will be listed here. The inviolability and unity of customs for all members of the teip, without exception, is the first beginning. The second gives the right to land ownership on a communal basis. The third principle is unlikely to correspond to the ideas of the rest of the civilized world - it prescribes blood feud for the murder of a relative in the teip, and this does not even depend on the closeness of the relationship. To this day, pure Chechen teips are jealous of their beginnings.
The fourth principle prohibits incest, that is, marriage between members of the teip is impossible. Fifth, for mutual assistance, if necessary, the entire teip is obliged to provide assistance to its representative. The sixth principle is that Chechens call for honoring the dead: if a member of the teip dies, everyone wears mourning for a certain period of time, holidays and entertainment are prohibited. The seventh principle is about the council of elders, the eighth is about the choice of a leader and military commander, not a single position is inherited. The ninth principle is about representation, which is also decided by the council of elders, and the tenth is that positions in the council of elders are for life, however, the history of Chechen teips also tells about cases of removal of a representative.
Blood feud
The third principle, which is professed by Chechen teips and tukkhums, requires wider disclosure. So, cheer - for any person from the representatives of this genus. This is a custom with unusually deep roots. Even in the recent past, in the event of a murder, an entire family, and sometimes even a teip, was forced to flee to foreign lands. Qi - blood - passed from generation to generation for many decades, until last representative this surname, branch or teip will not be killed.
IN later time blood goes only to one family, but previously the boundaries of the district were determined by the council of elders of neutral teips.
Immediately after the murder, councils of elders met both in the teip where the misfortune occurred and in the one through whose fault it occurred. In the first, they made a decision about revenge, and in the second, they looked for opportunities for reconciliation. Next came negotiations. If the teip of the murdered person did not agree to reconciliation, then neutral councils of elders were involved. If they did not win peace, then they began to work out the conditions for revenge: how widely the revenge would spread, with what weapons. Under no circumstances can you kill a bloodline in the back and without warning; during the holy month of Ramadan, as well as on other holidays, you cannot kill in a crowded place and - especially - at a party.
The beginning of the decomposition of the system
Civilization is taking its toll. Researchers are confident that today the teip system in Chechnya is gradually dying. Large teips - for example, Tsentaroi and Benoy - have grown so much that even blood relationships are forgotten and marriages within teips are possible. Many of them are gradually dismembered into everything large quantity childbirth, and the original teip becomes tukhum.
Many Chechens remember the time when the youngest of them could name more than twenty tribes of their own direct ancestors. Now not every young Chechen will even answer about belonging to a teip. Adults and older people are noticeably worried, since kinship in Chechen society is a fundamental value. People without a clan-tribe cannot be Chechens.
Noble Chechen tape
Yalkhoy, or rather Yalkhoroy, is a very famous teip. It was from here that the surname Dudayev came, and it was also one of the few teips in which alien hired workers existed, and according to other sources, slave labor. Origin linked to caste professional organization, the warriors of Yalkhoroy even earned money by guarding the borders of other teips.
They lived in the village of the same name, as well as throughout Chechnya and Ingushetia, where they founded the village. The Yalkhoroi were the most loyal supporters of Dzhokhar Dudayev. Until now, in this clan there is a cult of militancy and many other purely mountain values: hospitality, veneration of women. They have a decisive disposition and in their ancestors they consider themselves to be people of princely dignity.
Only a few Chechen teips have been studied well enough. Their origin is established and confirmed by numerous scientific studies. Much less is known about the rest, and information varies due to the fact that it is most often collected from oral legends and legends.
Chechen tape Chertaya (Chartoy)
This is an extremely interesting clan, most notable for the fact that the Chartoevites almost never fought, but on the contrary, they were peacemakers and often acted as mediators in any intra-Chechen affairs. He was either a member of himself or in the tukhum of Nokhchmakhkahoy - information varies.
They had a family village in Chechnya - Chartoy-Yurt, but also lived in a dozen other towns in Chechnya and in Georgia. From famous representatives was the naib of Imam Shamil and a colonel in the guard of Alexander the First. As Chechen teips believe - Jewish origin only Chartoy's tape, this explains many of the differences between this clan and others.
Belgatoy, Beltoy (Biltoy) and Chermoy
The Belgatoy teip, which is quite large and well-known throughout Chechnya, once existed as part of the Beltoy teip. The origin legend is very beautiful. Once upon a time, it happened that an epidemic wiped out almost all of Belgatoy, but the few survivors multiplied again and made their family even more successful than it was before. This is confirmed by the name itself: bel - “to die”, gatto - “to be resurrected”. Among Chechens, the Belgatoevites are considered very energetic and efficient people.
Beltoy (or Biltoy) is also a large and famous clan. This is where the politician Beybulat Taimiev, a contemporary of Pushkin, came from, about whom the poet wrote during his trip to Arzrum. The Beltoi people settle everywhere, and in the old days they lived in the Nozhayurt region, in the east of Chechnya. A well-known genus that the whole Teip knows, it is inhabited by various people, but here is the most prominent political figure and oil industrialist Tapa Chermoev came from here. They settled mainly in Mekhkety and near the ancestral mountain of Chermoy-lam, and in ancient times, as legends say, all Chermoys lived deep in the mountains.
Chechen teip Alleroy (Aleroy)
The name of this teip was kept on the legendary bronze cauldron brought by the ancestors to Nakhsha. It was here, scattered throughout the country, but with its roots in Eastern Chechnya, that the ex-president, who became a bandit, was born in this clan. This tape is clean, along with others written on the bronze cauldron, and is included in Nakhchmakhkahoy. Settles in Nozhai-Yurt and Shalinsky districts.
The story of the Allerois has existed since about the fifteenth century, after the invasion of Khan Timur, who killed many local residents and left in Chechnya his governors from the Kabardian princes, Takrov, Nogai, Jai Murzas and khans. The Chechens quickly multiplied and began to carry out daring attacks on Timur's vassals, trying to carry out a reconquista - to reconquer their lands. The first All founded the village of Alleroi, united the compatriots who remained after the Tatar-Mongol invasion to defend their lands. Alleroi is internally divided into five more teips, since the genus has become numerous, and is still considered pure.
Benoy
This must be the most numerous of the teips in Chechnya, at least in second place in terms of number. Benoi billionaire Malik Saidullaev claims that of the million remaining Chechens, three hundred and sixty thousand belong to the Benoi teip. They are spread throughout the republic and are divided into nine genera. They took an active part in all wars, where they gained unfading glory. For example, Baysangur Benoevsky did not leave Shamil until the very end, despite the military success that turned away from the hero.
A huge number of Benoyites live in the diasporas of Western Asia, from where terrorism spreads throughout the world. In Chechnya, on the contrary, Benoevites are considered clumsy and cunning in a rustic way. However, here too they are fearless, true to their word and duty. Of these, many centuries ago, the backbone of the peasant strata of the people was formed, which overthrew the power of the Dagestan and Kabardian rulers. These are the fathers of mountain democracy, which became the foundation of ethnic mentality. Among the clans of the Benoy teip there is both Russian and Georgian blood.
Gendargenoi
The teip is also extremely numerous and famous, moreover, it is the center, from the historical Nokhchiymokhk, widely spread throughout Chechnya. Diplomat and politician Doku Zavgaev is from here. This is the breadbasket for Chechnya, Dagestan, and much more remote places. It was here that pre-Islamic Nashkha existed as a cultural, political, ritual and religious center.
Here the Council of the Country (Mekhk Khelov) was founded, from where pure Chechen teips emerged, among which, of course, Gendargenoi, whose representatives occupied one of the most prominent places in the entire history of the country. Soviet authority allowed the Gendargenoi to learn what they did with great success than members of other clans. That is why this teip gave the country many leaders, party members and business executives.
Kharachoy and Deshni
This teip is famous for its representatives - who lived in different centuries, but gained approximately equal fame. Information about this clan found its way into written Russian documents very early, and the Chechens say that it was the Kharachoevites who were the first to marry Russians, which did not prevent Zelimkhan from becoming an outstanding fighter against the tsarist power when the Caucasus was conquered. Chechnya respects this teip very much and considers it the smartest.
Deshni is a mountain clan in the southeast of the country, belongs to the pure teips. Still preserved here princely families. One of those wearing this many years ago was able to marry a Georgian princess, passing off Mount Deshni Lam, which belonged to the entire teip, as his own. Now Deshni live everywhere, even in Ingushetia.
Nashkhoy and Zurzakha
Nashkho, the birthplace of pure teips, is the enthogenetic center of the Nokhchimatiens of the Middle Ages, which were mentioned by Armenian geographers of the nineteenth century. They lived in the southeast of the country. Some researchers classify the entire population of this area as one teip. Others subdivide.
Zurzakhoy is a primordial teip, even in its name retaining the medieval ethnonym - dzurzuk, as the ancestors of the Chechens and Ingush called themselves. This teip was not included in the tukhums, always occupying an independent position. He was not the only one like that, also Sada, Peshkha, Maista.
According to Novaya Gazeta, last week the 4th department for special important matters The Investigation Department of the Investigative Committee of Chechnya opened a criminal case under Article 277 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation - “attack on the life of a state or public figure». It's about about the investigation unsuccessful attempt an attempt on the life of the head of the Chechen Republic Ramzan Kadyrov, which was prepared last spring in the Nozhai-Yurtovsky district of Chechnya.
All the detainees came from the Benoy teip, some belonged to the most famous Chechen families, others were relatives of high-ranking Chechen officials, including the head of the republic Kadyrov himself. Thus, according to Novaya Gazeta, the cousin of the nephew of the head of Chechnya, Islam Kadyrov, Valid Yakhikhanov, was detained.
According to Novaya Gazeta, Valid Yakhikhanov, taking advantage of his close relationship with his brother Islam Kadyrov, received the secret telephone number of the head of Chechnya, which was known only to a limited circle of people closest to Ramzan Kadyrov (literally a few people).
Valid Yakhikhanov gave this number to Badrudi Yamadayev, one of the two surviving Yamadayev brothers.
Badrudi Yamadayev
The Yamadayevs are a Chechen clan no less famous than the Kadyrovs. The surviving brothers consider Kadyrov guilty of the murder of State Duma deputy from the Chechen Republic Ruslan Yamadayev and the commander of the Vostok battalion Sulim Yamadayev. For many years, it was Badrudi who was considered Kadyrov’s most dangerous enemy, his bloodline.
According to Novaya Gazeta, when Kadyrov received a call from his most dangerous enemy on his personal secret number, he literally went into shock.
As a result of a prompt and very tough internal investigation (the nephew of the head of Chechnya, the head of his administration, Islam Kadyrov, appeared in public at the same time with a cast on both hands), it was possible to determine the source of the leak - Vakhid Yakhikhanov. He gave information about the assassination attempt being prepared in the village of Benoy.
Islam Kadyrov at a meeting of the government of the Chechen Republic with plaster on both hands. May 2016
Kadyrov has a huge residence in the village of Benoy. As a result of a thorough check, a high-power explosive device was discovered there. It also became known that in addition to Benoy, attacks were simultaneously being prepared on the residences of the head of Chechnya in several other major populated areas(including Grozny). During the searches, large quantities of the latest small arms, grenade launchers, and explosives were confiscated from the conspirators.
One of the first to suffer because of this situation was the head of the Nozhai-Yurt district police department, Nazhud Guchigov, who became known to the whole world thanks to his forced marriage to a minor resident of the village of Baytarki, Kheda Goilabieva.
Guchigov was essentially accused of unprofessionalism and was removed from his post as head of the district police department. At one point, the chief of police of the Nozhai-Yurt district, close to and favored by Kadyrov, lost all his privileges.
The “Benoyev” conspiracy against Kadyrov became the largest attempt to physically eliminate the head of Chechnya and his inner circle. Information about him was carefully hidden. In three months, elections for the head of the republic were to take place. Kadyrov wanted to look like a confident winner in front of Moscow. But information about such a large-scale conspiracy could discredit it and had nothing to do with the “unanimous” support of the population. What kind of support can we even talk about when even the elite is rebelling in the republic?
This was the second reason for Kadyrov’s atypical restraint. The conspirators were from the same teip with him, came from famous families, to whom Kadyrov gave the opportunity to rule the republic as his fiefdom. Radical measures would only worsen the conflict within the Chechen ruling class. Therefore, many of the conspirators were severely punished, but their lives were spared.
However, Kadyrov still did not intend to put an end to this story. Having assessed all the risks and abandoned the practice of collective responsibility, the Chechen authorities decided to use Russian law as a weapon of retaliation. Moreover, no matter how funny it may sound, in this situation only the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation allowed reaching the organizers of the assassination attempt.
The first step in this “retaliation operation” was Kadyrov’s official recognition of the assassination attempt. On September 16, on the eve of the elections, when technically victory was no longer in doubt, Kadyrov gave an interview to the Chechen media. During the interview, a clearly sanctioned question was asked by a Chechen journalist: “They talked about this for a long time, discussed it for a long time, I don’t know whether these are rumors or not, I ask you to refute this or confirm whether an assassination attempt was being prepared on you or not? Recently there were such rumors, we just didn’t find any official confirmation of this information.”
Video of Ramzan Kadyrov's press conference. Watch from 1:05:00
Indeed,” Kadyrov answered the question, “there were moments, but the security officers acted on time. Well, it so happened that the criminals failed to realize their plans. But these are such frivolous moments, if we attach importance to every moment there, then we will stop working, stop living, we will sit there, you know, and watch what will happen tomorrow. Therefore, you don’t need to pay much attention to them.
At the same time, according to Novaya Gazeta (now confirmed by the fact that a criminal case was initiated under Article 277 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Chechen Republic continued to carry out a set of operational investigative measures in order to establish the role of the Yamadayev brothers in this assassination attempt.
The head of the Chechen Republic, Ramzan Kadyrov, belongs to the Benoy teip, one of the most numerous and famous Chechen teips. Its representatives are brave warriors, talented leaders and true admirers of ancient customs. So what is known about Kadyrov’s tape?
Historical facts
Teip (clan, tribe) - a unit of organization of the Vainakh peoples (Chechens, Ingush, Batsbis), distinguished common origin the people included in it. Chechen tape is not a genus in the ethnographic sense. There are known cases when he united people according to principles, and not by blood relationship. Each teip is divided into gars and nekyi (branches and surnames).
Legends say that the ancient Chechens had a bronze cauldron with the names of the first twenty teips forged on it. Among them was Benoy.
The village of Benoy is mentioned in ancient Arabic-language sources of other peoples. Information about Benoy is available in the book of the first half of the 15th century by the Alan traveler and Muslim missionary Azdin Vazar. This suggests that it is rightfully considered the oldest.
One of the leaders in numbers
Benoy is one of the most numerous teips in Chechnya. Representatives of this family claim that out of a million Chechens, a third belong to their teip. They are settled throughout the republic and are divided into nine clans: Jobi-nekye, Asti-nekye, Uonzhbi-nekye, Ati-nekye, Ochi-nekye, Chupal-nekye, Devshi-nekye, Edi-nekye and Gurzh-makhkahoy.
Large communities settled in Benoy, Shelkovsky, Gudermes districts, the villages of Novye Atagi, Urus-Martan, Goyty, Alkhan-Yurt, Shali and others. Most of the Benoevites are in the city of Urus-Martan. Natives of the teip live in Chechen Republic, Republic of Dagestan, other regions of the Russian Federation, Republic of Kyrgyzstan, Republic of Kazakhstan, Turkey, Jordan, Saudi Arabia. A large number of Benoevites live in the diasporas of Western Asia.
Characteristic features of Benoevites
In the minds of the Chechens, a true Benoevite is a man of athletic build, tall, large, with large strong legs. Distinctive feature People of this kind have a calm disposition, sincerity, decency and gullibility. But at the same time, if you make them angry, they will show everyone their belligerence. People often say: “If you get a Benois mad, you can’t stop him.”
At home they are considered cunning and clumsy. But at the same time, Benoevites are always fearless, true to their duty and word. They know very well the value of such concepts as “honor” and “decency”. It was they who, many centuries ago, formed the backbone of the peasant people who were able to get rid of the oppression of the Dagestan and Kabardian authorities. Representatives of this teip are considered the founders of democracy in the mountains, on which the ethnic mentality is based.
A. Berger in his book “Chechnya and the Chechens” calls the Benoi teip among the indigenous nobles Chechen surnames. Benoevites as the largest tribe in terms of population for a long time played a leading role in public and political life Chechnya.
Beliefs and values
Representatives of the Benoy teip are considered true Chechens. They are proud to belong to this nation. National name“Nokhchiy” is pronounced with dignity, unlike some Chechens who are reluctant to call themselves “Nokhchiy” and try to remove this name from use and replace it with “Vainakh”.
People of this teip consider each other brothers and sisters. Helping a loved one is the first rule of the family. Regardless of how many kilometers separate them, having learned that they are of the same teip, Benoevites strive to help each other with all their might in case of danger or need. Protecting their honor, the honor of their brother or the entire teip is a primary task, for which they are ready to risk their lives.
Military glory
Benoevites have always taken an active part in wars. In battles they gained unfading glory. Especially significant role they played in the Russian-Chechen war XVIII - mid-19th centuries.
It is known that only after enlisting the support of the Benoyites did imams and generals begin their movements in Ichkeria and throughout Chechnya. When the Chechens were being attacked by enemies, a saying was born among the people: “Va Vezan Dela, benoyn ortsa lolakh!” (Oh, Great God, give Benoi’s army to help).
Representatives of the teip showed their heroism in the Caucasian War, in the Ichkeria (1842) and Dargin (1845) defeats royal armies, on a campaign against Georgia (1854) and others.
On May 13, 1859, all of Chechnya was conquered, and the elders of all Chechen villages expressed their submission to the tsarist military command. Only the Benoev villages did not submit. Brave, savvy people fled into the forests, formed new communities and again confronted their enemies, calling on everyone to defend their homeland until their last breath.
What is known about Kadyrov's teip - Benoy?
The head of the Chechen Republic, Ramzan Kadyrov, belongs to the Benoy teip, one of the most numerous and famous Chechen teips. Its representatives are brave warriors, talented leaders and true admirers of ancient customs. So what is known about Kadyrov’s tape?
Historical facts
Teip (clan, tribe) is a unit of organization of the Vainakh peoples (Chechens, Ingush, Batsbis), distinguished by the common origin of the people included in it. The Chechen teip is not a clan in the ethnographic sense. There are known cases when he united people according to principles, and not by blood relationship. Each teip is divided into gars and nekyi (branches and surnames).
Legends say that the ancient Chechens had a bronze cauldron with the names of the first twenty teips forged on it. Among them was Benoy.
The village of Benoy is mentioned in ancient Arabic-language sources of other peoples. Information about Benoy is available in the book of the first half of the 15th century by the Alan traveler and Muslim missionary Azdin Vazar. This suggests that it is rightfully considered the oldest.
One of the leaders in numbers
Benoy is one of the most numerous teips in Chechnya. Representatives of this family claim that out of a million Chechens, a third belong to their teip. They are settled throughout the republic and are divided into nine clans: Jobi-nekye, Asti-nekye, Uonzhbi-nekye, Ati-nekye, Ochi-nekye, Chupal-nekye, Devshi-nekye, Edi-nekye and Gurzh-makhkahoy.
Large communities settled in Benoy, Shelkovsky, Gudermes districts, the villages of Novye Atagi, Urus-Martan, Goyty, Alkhan-Yurt, Shali and others. Most of the Benoevites are in the city of Urus-Martan. Natives of the teip live in the Chechen Republic, the Republic of Dagestan, other regions of the Russian Federation, the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, the Republic of Kazakhstan, Turkey, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia. A large number of Benoevites live in the diasporas of Western Asia.
Characteristic features of Benoevites
In the minds of the Chechens, a true Benoevite is a man of athletic build, tall, large, with large strong legs. A distinctive feature of people of this kind is a calm disposition, sincerity, decency and gullibility. But at the same time, if you make them angry, they will show everyone their belligerence. People often say: “If you get a Benois mad, you can’t stop him.”
At home they are considered cunning and clumsy. But at the same time, Benoevites are always fearless, true to their duty and word. They know very well the value of such concepts as “honor” and “decency”. It was they who, many centuries ago, formed the backbone of the peasant people who were able to get rid of the oppression of the Dagestan and Kabardian authorities. Representatives of this teip are considered the founders of democracy in the mountains, on which the ethnic mentality is based.
A. Berger in his book “Chechnya and the Chechens” calls the Benoy teip among the indigenous Samyz noble Chechen families. The Benoevites, as the largest tribe in terms of population, have long played a leading role in the social and political life of Chechnya.
Beliefs and values
Representatives of the Benoy teip are considered true Chechens. They are proud to belong to this nation. The national name “Nokhchiy” is pronounced with dignity, in contrast to some Chechens who are reluctant to call themselves “Nokhchiy” and try to remove this name from use and replace it with “Vain”.
People of this teip consider each other brothers and sisters. Helping a loved one is the first rule of the family. Regardless of how many kilometers separate them, having learned that they are of the same teip, Benoevites strive to help each other with all their might in case of danger or need. Protecting their honor, the honor of their brother or the entire teip is a primary task, for which they are ready to risk their lives.
Military glory
Benoevites have always taken an active part in wars. In battles they gained unfading glory. They played a particularly significant role in the Russian-Chechen war of the 18th - mid-19th centuries.
It is known that only after enlisting the support of the Benoyites did imams and generals begin their movements in Ichkeria and throughout Chechnya. When the Chechens were being attacked by enemies, a saying was born among the people: “Va Vezan Dela, benoyn ortsa lolakh!” (Oh, Great God, give Benoi’s army to help).
Representatives of the teip showed their heroism in the Caucasian War, in the Ichkeria (1842) and Dargin (1845) defeat of the tsarist armies, in the campaign against Georgia (1854) and others.
On May 13, 1859, all of Chechnya was conquered, and the elders of all Chechen villages expressed their submission to the tsarist military command. Only the Benoev villages did not submit. Brave, savvy people fled into the forests, formed new communities and again confronted their enemies, calling on everyone to defend their homeland until their last breath.
The head of the Chechen Republic, Ramzan Kadyrov, belongs to the Benoy teip, one of the most numerous and famous Chechen teips. Its representatives are brave warriors, talented leaders and true admirers of ancient customs. So what is known about Kadyrov’s tape?
Historical facts
Teip (clan, tribe) is a unit of organization of the Vainakh peoples (Chechens, Ingush, Batsbis), distinguished by the common origin of the people included in it. The Chechen teip is not a clan in the ethnographic sense. There are known cases when he united people according to principles, and not by blood relationship. Each teip is divided into gars and nekyi (branches and surnames).
Legends say that the ancient Chechens had a bronze cauldron with the names of the first twenty teips forged on it. Among them was Benoy.
The village of Benoy is mentioned in ancient Arabic-language sources of other peoples. Information about Benoy is available in the book of the first half of the 15th century by the Alan traveler and Muslim missionary Azdin Vazar. This suggests that it is rightfully considered the oldest.
One of the leaders in numbers
Benoy is one of the most numerous teips in Chechnya. Representatives of this family claim that out of a million Chechens, a third belong to their teip. They are settled throughout the republic and are divided into nine clans: Jobi-nekye, Asti-nekye, Uonzhbi-nekye, Ati-nekye, Ochi-nekye, Chupal-nekye, Devshi-nekye, Edi-nekye and Gurzh-makhkahoy.
Large communities settled in Benoy, Shelkovsky, Gudermes districts, the villages of Novye Atagi, Urus-Martan, Goyty, Alkhan-Yurt, Shali and others. Most of the Benoevites are in the city of Urus-Martan. Natives of the teip live in the Chechen Republic, the Republic of Dagestan, other regions of the Russian Federation, the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, the Republic of Kazakhstan, Turkey, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia. A large number of Benoevites live in the diasporas of Western Asia.
Characteristic features of Benoevites
In the minds of the Chechens, a true Benoevite is a man of athletic build, tall, large, with large strong legs. A distinctive feature of people of this kind is a calm disposition, sincerity, decency and gullibility. But at the same time, if you make them angry, they will show everyone their belligerence. People often say: “If you get a Benois mad, you can’t stop him.”
At home they are considered cunning and clumsy. But at the same time, Benoevites are always fearless, true to their duty and word. They know very well the value of such concepts as “honor” and “decency”. It was they who, many centuries ago, formed the backbone of the peasant people who were able to get rid of the oppression of the Dagestan and Kabardian authorities. Representatives of this teip are considered the founders of democracy in the mountains, on which the ethnic mentality is based.
A. Berger in his book “Chechnya and the Chechens” calls the Benoy teip among the indigenous Samyz noble Chechen families. The Benoevites, as the largest tribe in terms of population, have long played a leading role in the social and political life of Chechnya.
Beliefs and values
Representatives of the Benoy teip are considered true Chechens. They are proud to belong to this nation. The national name “Nokhchiy” is pronounced with dignity, in contrast to some Chechens who are reluctant to call themselves “Nokhchiy” and try to remove this name from use and replace it with “Vain”.
People of this teip consider each other brothers and sisters. Helping a loved one is the first rule of the family. Regardless of how many kilometers separate them, having learned that they are of the same teip, Benoevites strive to help each other with all their might in case of danger or need. Protecting their honor, the honor of their brother or the entire teip is a primary task, for which they are ready to risk their lives.
Military glory
Benoevites have always taken an active part in wars. In battles they gained unfading glory. They played a particularly significant role in the Russian-Chechen war of the 18th - mid-19th centuries.
It is known that only after enlisting the support of the Benoyites did imams and generals begin their movements in Ichkeria and throughout Chechnya. When the Chechens were being attacked by enemies, a saying was born among the people: “Va Vezan Dela, benoyn ortsa lolakh!” (Oh, Great God, give Benoi’s army to help).
Representatives of the teip showed their heroism in the Caucasian War, in the Ichkeria (1842) and Dargin (1845) defeat of the tsarist armies, in the campaign against Georgia (1854) and others.
On May 13, 1859, all of Chechnya was conquered, and the elders of all Chechen villages expressed their submission to the tsarist military command. Only the Benoev villages did not submit. Brave, savvy people fled into the forests, formed new communities and again confronted their enemies, calling on everyone to defend their homeland until their last breath.
