“Our era” in the house of Roman Klein - an unusual Moscow museum! Save and populate: how developers are mastering the legacy of architect Klein Klein is the architect of the work.

Architect Roman Ivanovich Klein (real name and patronymic - Robert Julius) was born in March 1858 in Moscow into a Jewish merchant family who lived at that time on Malaya Dmitrovka.

When visiting his parents there were often such famous people, like composer and conductor Anton Rubinstein with his brother Nikolai, a virtuoso pianist, architect Alexander Osipovich Vivien and many representatives of the cultural community (artists, writers, poets and musicians).

Most likely, classes with Alexander Vivien determined Roman Ivanovich’s future choice of specialty.

Next was his studies at the Imperial Academy of Arts in St. Petersburg, which Roman Ivanovich graduated in 1882 with the title of “Class Artist of Architecture.” To improve his skills, he was sent on a pensioner (boarder) trip to Europe from this institution.

There he was lucky enough to work with such a master of architecture as Charles Garnier, who then participated in the construction of buildings for the Paris Exhibition, held in 1889.

After his return to Moscow in 1885, the architect Klein worked as an assistant in the architectural studios of Vladimir Sherwood and Alexander Popov.

Since 1888, Roman Ivanovich began independent practice. The first building was Morozova’s house on Vozdvizhenka Street. It is thanks to Varvara Alekseevna that the young man meets representatives of the Old Believer merchants - the Shelaputins, Prokhorovs, Morozovs and Konshins.

The architect Klein devoted twenty years of his life to one of his most significant creations - the Museum of Fine Arts. Alexander III (now the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts).

Roman Ivanovich is also recognized as a specialist in industrial architecture. According to his designs, industrial buildings were erected for Moscow industrialists - Yuli Guzhon, Albert Gubner, the Giraud family and many others.

The architect made a great contribution to the appearance of the southern part of the Kitay-Gorod district. There, buildings of several banks and the Middle Trading Rows were built according to his designs.

After the revolution of 1917, Klein remained in Russia and continued to engage in architectural activities, but did not manage to create anything significant. In 1924, Roman Ivanovich died. The master was buried at .

Photo 1. Cinema "Colosseum" on Chistoprudny Boulevard, 17

Photo 2. Apartment house of Countess Miloradovich on Povarskaya, 22

Born into the family of the merchant of the first guild Ivan Makarovich Klein and his wife Emilia Ivanovna. There is a version that Klein's parents were baptized German Jews. It is known that since 1878 they owned the house of I.G. Grigorieva - V.P. Pisemskaya on Malaya Dmitrovka, where I.S. previously lived. Aksakov. The Kleins were visited by musicians Anton and Nikolai Rubinstein, architect Alexander Vivien, who began taking ten-year-old Roman to construction sites and showing him architectural drawings, artists, writers, poets, and musicians.

In 1873 - 1874, Roman Klein studied at the Kreiman gymnasium and attended courses at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, where he was awarded two awards for his academic success.

In 1875 future architect decided to separate from his parents. He refused financial support and, having rented a tiny closet without furniture with a friend, slept on a spring mattress bought from a junk dealer. The mattress was placed on drawing trestles at night and removed during the day. At this time, Roman Klein began working as a junior draftsman in the studio of the architect V.O. Sherwood, who built the building Historical Museum on the Red Square.

In 1877, Roman Klein entered the Imperial Academy of Arts, from which he graduated in 1882 with the title cool artist architecture 3rd degree. After this, he went on a retirement trip to Italy and France, where he participated in the creation of pavilions for the Paris Exhibition of 1889 in the studio of the architect Charles Garnier.

Returning in 1885, the young architect worked as an assistant in the architectural workshops of V.O. Sherwood and A.P. Popova.

In 1886-1888, Roman Klein carried out his first independent project - the mansion of V.A. Morozova on Vozdvizhenka, 14. This building introduced him to the circle of customers of Old Believers merchants.

On November 11, 1888, a competition was announced for the construction of the Upper Trading Rows, and on February 26, the competition commission awarded the first prize of 6,000 rubles to the project called “Moscow Merchants” by A.N. Pomerantseva, second prize of 3,000 rubles entitled “According to the program” - R.I. Klein, the third prize of 2,000 rubles went to a project called “With God” by architect A.E. Weber.

In 1889, Roman Klein, thanks to this award, received an order for the construction of the Middle Trading Rows on Red Square.

In 1888 - 1889 he also rebuilt the building for the Siberian and Russian for Foreign trade banks on Ilyinka, 12/2.

In 1888 – 1903, the Trading House of the Serpukhov City Society was built in Ipatievsky Lane.

In 1890 - 1892, the Varvarinsky Compound Trading House was built on the corner of Varvarka, 7 - Nikolsky Lane, 11.

In 1893 - 1896, the architect Roman Klein built the Gynecological Institute. A.P. Shelaputina at Moscow University.

In 1896, the Academy of Arts announced a competition for designs for the building of the Museum of Fine Arts. Alexandra III. Roman Klein received a gold medal and for almost twenty years erected a building combining the functions of a university and art museums- educational center. The Museum of Fine Arts was built with the participation of architects G.B. Barkhina, I.I. Rerberg, A.D. Chichagov, engineer V.G. Shukhov, artists I.I. Nivinsky, P.V. Zhuskovsky, A.Ya. Golovin, sculptor G.R. Zalemana on Volkhonka, 12, in 1912.

In 1901 - 1902, the Middle Trading Rows were built on Red Square, 5. The Moscow guidebook of that time reported: “The main building of the building is an irregular quadrangle, facing the 4 streets surrounding it, forming a courtyard, inside which the other 4 buildings are located. The main ring building has three floors, some with tents. The inner buildings have two floors and also have tents. The two internal buildings are separated by corridors covered with glass. External entrances to the surface of the yard are located on three sides.” “The area occupied by the rows extends to 4000 fathoms. The building accommodates more than 400 retail premises and, together with the land, is valued at 5 million rubles.”

In 1900-1903, Roman Klein built the Morozov Institute for the Treatment of Malignant Tumors by order of Moscow University at Malaya Pirogovskaya, 20.

In 1900, he built his own house at 6 Olsufievsky Lane.

In 1905 – 1907, the architect Roman Klein built the power plant of the Electric Lighting Society at Raushskaya Embankment, 8.

In 1908 - 1910, he built an innovative building on an iron frame invented by American engineers - the Muir and Mereliz partnership trading house, which later became the TSUM store, on Petrovka, 2.

In 1903, in industrial architecture, Roman Klein expanded the building of the Trekhgorny Brewing Partnership at 12 Kutuzovsky Prospekt with extensions. In 1906, 1909 - 1910, he rebuilt the elevator and water tower there.

In 1907 - 1914, he built eight production buildings of the K.O. silk factory. Giro on Timur Frunze Street, 11.

In 1915 - 1916, Roman Klein built the buildings of the factory of the Joint Stock Company "Kauchuk" on Usacheva Street, 11.

After 1917 and the change of government, the architect Roman Klein tried to continue to engage in architecture. He worked as a full-time architect Pushkin Museum, served on the boards of Kazan and Northern railways, headed the department of the Moscow Higher Technical School.

In 1924, having begun to manage the design bureau of the People's Commissariat for Education, architect Roman Klein died four months after his appointment. P was buried at the Vvedensky cemetery.

Former apartment buildings, factories, and commercial enterprises, built according to the designs of the famous architect, are today being transformed into luxury residential complexes

Roman Klein is one of the most important and recognizable Russian architects late XIX- beginning of the 20th century. Over almost 40 years of work, he designed more than fifty buildings in Moscow alone, including the building of the Trading House of the Mur and Mereliz partnership (now TSUM), the buildings of the Trekhgorny Brewery and Borodinsky Bridge. The building of the Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow (now the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts) brought the architect worldwide fame.

The main part of Klein's Moscow heritage is numerous apartment buildings and former factory buildings, which are now being rebuilt into luxury housing. RBC Real Estate talks about some of these examples.

Klein Apartment House

One of the first projects for the renovation of Klein buildings was the reconstruction of the former Klein apartment building (1889, 1896), located at Olsufievsky Lane, 6, building 1. After the revolution, the three-story building suffered the fate of most apartment buildings - it was redesigned and adapted into communal apartments. In 1993, the Restavraciya N company occupied the building and began its reconstruction. “As a result, a new and unusual type of housing was created for the mid-1990s - luxury house with spacious apartment layouts, the most modern engineering at that time and the original interior of the entrance lobby. By the way, this is one of the first houses in the capital, whose entrance again began to be called the front entrance in the 1990s,” says CEO development company "Restavraciya N" Enver Kuzmin.

"Club house Depre on Petrovsky Boulevard"

The development company KR Properties is engaged in the reconstruction of several properties of Roman Klein. One of them is the building of the former K.F. Depre Trading House on Petrovsky Boulevard, 17/1. The one-story Art Nouveau building was built in 1899-1902 for the K. F. Depres Trading House, the official supplier of wines to the imperial court. Was here before the revolution brand store enterprises, and in Soviet years— Samtrest bottling plant for Caucasian wines and cognacs. In 1993, the building was added with a second floor. Now the Klein house is being reconstructed, the project is called “Club House Depre on Petrovsky Boulevard.” The developer promises to restore the architectural appearance of the building according to the original sketches of Roman Klein more than a century ago.

Loft "Rassvet"

The building of warehouses and exhibition facilities of the Muir and Merilize trading house, the official supplier of the imperial court, was considered one of the most technically advanced at the beginning of the 20th century. The building of the 1910s, stylized as English Gothic, was made of metal structures designed by engineer Vladimir Shukhov and equipped with electric elevators. During the Soviet years, the Rassvet machine-building plant was located here, one of the buildings of which, at 3 Stolyarny Lane, is now being reconstructed as a residential project.

The Russian bureau DNA ag was invited by KR Properties to turn a former late-Soviet factory building into loft apartments. The facade of the elongated industrial building is visually divided into several volumes, reminiscent of medieval houses. Concrete panels are replaced with brickwork of different tones and textures. The conventional “house” on the facade corresponds in plan to a large loft - overlooking the museum on the western side of the building and two smaller ones - on the eastern side. The houses are distinguished by the texture of the brickwork, window frames and balconies. In addition, the western and eastern facades have different widths, proportions and number of windows. After reconstruction, it is planned to place two-level apartments and townhouses here as part of the Rassvet club complex.

Residential complex "Garden Quarters"

In 1915-1916, according to the design of Roman Klein, factory buildings were built on Usachev Street joint stock company"Kauchuk", of which only one has survived today - the six-story plant management building (building 3.9). It is located on the territory of the elite complex of club houses "Garden Quarters", built on the site of a factory according to the design of the architectural bureau "Sergey Skuratov Architects" (developer - Inteko Group of Companies). The architects retained only the facade of the historical building - the main volume, lined with clinker bricks in four shades, was built anew.

“Unfortunately, only one wall of the Klein building was preserved, and even then with great difficulty, because it was in very poor technical condition. For almost a century, a rubber factory was located there, and harmful chemical exhausts, settling on the walls, destroyed them. The Moscow Heritage Committee did not recognize this building as an architectural monument, so preserving the only wall and outline of the building (including height, width, area) was my personal initiative,” says Sergei Skuratov. — We invited restorers to restore the historical facade and the original shape of the windows. Roman Ivanovich Klein is one of the best Russian architects, and it is a great honor to work with his legacy. But at the same time it is extremely difficult task, because it is not always easy to explain to a developer why a dilapidated factory building or a dilapidated apartment building needs to be preserved. Restoring old buildings is more difficult and expensive than building new ones.” After finishing construction work One of the residential buildings with only 15 apartments will be located in the former factory administration building. Near the “Garden Quarters” there are over a dozen other buildings of the famous architect; in memory of this, the square between Bolshaya and Malaya Pirogovskaya streets was called Architect Klein Alley.

And dozens of other monuments.

A master of eclecticism, a stylist, at the end of his career he built in the neoclassical style.

Teacher, teacher who trained such professionals as I. I. Rerberg, G. B. Barkhin and others.

Biography

Born into a Moscow merchant family with many children (later transferred to the class of hereditary honorary citizens) Jewish origin. The family lived on Malaya Dmitrovka; Anton Rubinstein and his brother Nikolai, architect Alexander Vivien, and many others often visited their house famous artists, writers and musicians. Already in childhood, Klein showed a penchant for music and drawing, and his studies with Vivien predetermined the final choice of his future profession.

While studying at the Kreiman gymnasium in 1873–1874, he attended courses at the Moscow School of Higher Education, where he received two school awards. In 1875–1877 he worked as a draftsman for the architect V. O. Sherwood on the construction site. In 1877–1882 he studied at the Imperial Academy of Arts, graduating with the title of class artist of architecture, 3rd degree. After graduating from the Imperial Academy of Arts, he was sent on a retirement trip abroad: he trained in Europe for a year and a half - in Italy and France; worked in the workshop of the famous architect Charles Garnier, took part in Garnier’s work on the construction of historical houses different nations for the Paris exhibition of 1889. After returning to Moscow in 1885–1887, he worked as an assistant in the studios of various architects, including V. O. Sherwood and A. P. Popov.

In 1888 he began his independent architectural practice. Klein's first major building, which brought him fame - the house of V. A. Morozova on Vozdvizhenka, 14 - introduced him into the circle of the Old Believer merchants - the Morozovs, Konshins, Shelaputins, Prokhorovs.

“The number of his works is comparable to the result of the work of the most prolific Moscow master of that time -. At the same time, in terms of the scale of his talent, Klein was noticeably inferior to his contemporaries - Fomin, Bondarenko, Ivanov-Shitz and, of course, Shekhtel himself.”

M. V. Nashchokina

Klein devoted almost twenty years of his life (1896–1912) to the construction of the Alexander III Museum of Fine Arts. A public competition held in 1896 was won by P. S. Boytsov. As a result, the board of Moscow State University - the organizer of the construction - invited Klein to lead the project, organizing a tour for him to European museums.

Klein used the general urban plan and internal layout of Boytsov, but the detailed architectural design of the neo-Greek facades and interiors is clearly the original work of Klein and his team. It included such masters as V. G. Shukhov, I. I. Rerberg, G. B. Barkhin, A. D. Chichagov, I. I. Nivinsky, A. Ya. Golovin, P. A. Zarutsky and others The work was carried out by the Trading House of V. Zalessky and V. Chaplin, which installed steam-water-oven heating in the Museum building. I. I. Rerberg was Klein’s assistant and was responsible for the quality of the work performed and for maintaining construction records.

Klein, perhaps the most prolific master of industrial architecture of his time, combined supervision of the museum's construction with many private projects. Among his regular clients are the largest Moscow industrialists - the Giraud family, Yu. P. Guzhon, A. O. Gubner. Among Klein's buildings are the Red Rose factory on Timur Frunze Street and the first buildings of the Second Russo-Balt Automobile Plant in Fili (the current Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center).

Klein's works largely determined the appearance of the southern part - he built the Middle Trading Rows on , bank buildings on Varvarka, 7 and Ilyinka, 12 and 14. Pseudo-Russian mansions by Klein have been preserved in Ogorodnaya Sloboda, 6 and on Shabolovka, 26. Also there, on Shabolovka , 33 - a noble almshouse named after Yu. S. Nechaev-Maltsov, and on Malaya Pirogovskaya Street, 20 - the Morozov Institute of Malignant Tumors (the first cancer hospice in Moscow, now the old building of the Herzen Moscow Research Institute). By order charitable foundation P. G. Shelaputin Klein built schools on Leninsky Prospekt, 15, in Kholzunov Lane, 14-18, etc. In 1906-1911 he completed the construction of the Moscow Choral Synagogue according to the design of the deceased S. S. Eibushitz. In Serpukhov, Klein built the building of the city council, the Maraeva mansion (now the Serpukhov Museum of History and Art and the Temple of the Savior of the Image Not Made by Hands.

Klein stayed in revolutionary Russia and was quite in demand by the new authorities, but did not live to see the construction boom of the mid-1920s. From 1918 until his death, he worked as a staff architect at the Pushkin Museum, served on the boards of the Kazan and Northern Railways, and headed the department of the Moscow Higher Technical School. Completed many projects that remained unfulfilled. For the last four months of his life, he headed the design bureau of the People's Commissariat for Education. Buried on (15th school).

Projects and buildings

• The mansion of V. A. Khludov (1884-1885 (?), Moscow, Novaya Basmannaya Street, 19) was demolished in 1960;
• The apartment building of I. I. Afremov (1885, Moscow, Neglinnaya street, 5), has not survived;
• Apartment house of Prince Urusov (1885, Moscow, Plotnikov Lane, 13), demolished in 1983;
• Trade, office and apartment building of V. D. Perlov (S. V. Perlova), the reconstruction project was made by the architect K. K. Gippius (1885-1893, Moscow, Myasnitskaya street, 19);
• Apartment house of L. E. Adelgeym (1886, Moscow, Bolshaya Dmitrovka, 23), rebuilt;
• (1886, Moscow, Teatralnaya Square), not preserved;
• Mansion of V. A. Morozova (1886-1888, Moscow, Vozdvizhenka, 14);
• The church-tomb of the Shakhovsky princes on their estate (1888, near St. Petersburg), has not survived;
• Apartment building (1888, Moscow, Strastnoy Boulevard, 8);
• The competition project for the building of the Upper Trading Rows (2nd prize) (1888-1889, Moscow, Red Square), not implemented;
• Reconstruction of the Russian building for Foreign Trade and Siberian Banks (1888-1889, Moscow, Ilyinka, 12/2);
• Trading and office building of the Serpukhov City Society (1888-1903, Moscow, Ipatievsky Lane);
• Reconstruction of the apartment building by V. O. Garkavi (1889, Moscow, Sivtsev Vrazhek, 38/19);
• The stands and running gazebo of the Moscow Running Society (1889-1890s, Moscow) have not survived;
• Rebuilding and extension of one's own mansion (1889, 1896, Moscow, Olsufievsky Lane, 6, in the depths of the site), the building was replaced by a new building, partly reminiscent of the original;
• Edzhubov House (1880s, Moscow, Voskresenskaya Square, 3);
• Office and trading house“Varvarinsky Compound” (1890-1892, Moscow, Varvarka, 7 - Nikolsky Lane, 11);
• Mansion of A. Siebert (1891, Moscow, Dolgorukovskaya street, 27);
• Mansion of Professor V.F. Snegirev (1893-1894, Moscow, Plyushchikha, 62);
• Moscow Gynecological Institute named after. A. P. Shelaputina at Moscow University (1893-1896, Moscow, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Street, 11/12);
• Church of the Savior Not Made by Hands at the Zanarsky Cemetery (1893-1896, Serpukhov, Chernyshevsky Street, 52), partially destroyed;
• Church of All Saints in the Vysotsky Monastery (1893-1896, Serpukhov, Kaluzhskaya street, 110);

• Church of the Life-Giving Trinity (1894-1895, Karabanovo, Lunacharsky St.), has not survived;
• Apartment house of A. A. Panteleev (1894-1897, Moscow, Olsufievsky lane, 1), built on;
• Church (1894-1896, Osechenki village, Ramensky district, Moscow region);
• Apartment house of I. T. Kuzin (1895-1898, Olsufievsky lane, 8);
• The apartment building of the Wine Trade Partnership of K. F. Depre and Co. (1895-1898, Moscow, Petrovka, 8);
• Competition project of the Museum of Fine Arts (gold medal of the Imperial Academy of Arts) (1896, Moscow);
• Reconstruction of the Church of the Myrrh-Bearing Women (new) (1896, Serpukhov, Second Moskovskaya Street), has not survived;
• The apartment building of A. A. Panteleev (1896-1897, Moscow, Olsufievsky Lane, 1a), built on two floors;
• The store of the trading house "Mur and Meriliz" in the possession of Prince A.G. Gagarin, together with the architect V.A. Kossov (1896-1898, Moscow, Kuznetsky Most, 19);
• Museum of Fine Arts named after Emperor Alexander III at Moscow University, with the participation of architects G. B. Barkhin, I. I. Rerberg, A. D. Chichagov, engineer V. G. Shukhov, artists I. I. Nivinsky, P. V. Zhukovsky, A. Ya. Golovin, sculptor G. R. Zaleman and others (1896-1912, Moscow, Volkhonka, 12);
• Mansion of G. Simon (1898, Moscow, Shabolovka, 26);
• The gazebo for the foundation ceremony of the Museum of Fine Arts (1898, Moscow, Volkhonka), has not survived;
• Wine warehouse of the K. F. Depre Partnership (1899, Moscow, First Kolobovsky Lane, 12 - Third Kolobovsky Lane, 3);
• The outbuildings at the mansion of V.P. Berg (1899, Arbat, 28) have not survived;
• Classical men's gymnasium No. 8 named after P. G. Shelaputin with the Church of St. Gregory the Theologian (1899-1901, Moscow, Kholzunov Lane, 14);
• The apartment building of A. K. Depre (1899-1902, Petrovsky Boulevard, 17), built on two floors;
• The competition project for the stands of the Moscow Running Society (1st prize) (1890s, Moscow), not implemented;
• Church (1890s, Bykovo village, Moscow region);
• Simon Silk Factory (1890s, Moscow, Shabolovka, 26);
• Weaving building of the Prokhorovskaya Trekhgornaya manufactory (1890s, Rochdelskaya street, 13-15);
• Terliner glue factory (1890s, Moscow, Kozhevniki);
• Efremov's apartment building (1890s, Moscow, Manezhnaya street);
• Reception room of the Trekhgorny Brewery (1890s, Moscow, Kutuzovsky Prospekt, 12);
• Reconstruction of the building of the Moscow Merchant Bank (1890s, Ilyinka, 14);
• Participation in finishing Palace Bridge(1890s, St. Petersburg);
• Turgenev House (1890s, St. Petersburg, English Embankment);
• Complex of the von Vogau estate ( main house, barnyard, poultry house, outbuildings) (1890s, Yudino station, Moscow region);
• Competition project student dormitory at Moscow University on Devivichye Pole (1st prize) (1890s, Moscow), not realized;
• Refectory of the Kazan Ambrosievskaya Women's Hermitage ( turn of XIX-XX centuries, p. Shamordino, Kozelsky district, Kaluga region);
• Own apartment building (1900, Moscow, Olsufievsky lane, 6, on the red line);
• Student dormitory of Moscow University (based on a project that received 1st prize at the competition) (1900, Moscow, Bolshaya Gruzinskaya Street, 10);
• Noble almshouse named after S. D. Nechaev-Maltsev with the Church of Stephen the Archdeacon (1900-1901, Moscow, Shabolovka, 33);
• Reception room and factory buildings of A. Gübner's cotton factory (1900-1901, Moscow, Maly Savvinsky Lane);
• Mansion of Kh. B. Vysotskaya (1900-1901, 1910, Moscow, Ogorodnaya Sloboda, 6);
• Student dormitory named after Emperor Nicholas II at Moscow University (1900-1902, Moscow, Bolshaya Gruzinskaya Street, 10-12);
• Women's vocational school named after G. Shelaputin (1900-1903, Moscow, Leninsky Prospekt, 15);
• Dormitory for students of the Faculty of Medicine of Moscow University named after Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich (1900-1903, Moscow, Malaya Pirogovskaya Street, 16);
• Morozov Institute for the Treatment of Malignant Tumors at Moscow University (1900-1903, Moscow, Malaya Pirogovskaya Street, 20);
• Middle shopping arcades (based on a competitive project that received 2nd prize) (1901-1902, Moscow, Red Square, 5);
• The project of the trading house "Mur and Meriliz" (1902, Moscow, Petrovka, 2), was not implemented;
• Extensions (the first) to the building of the Trekhgorny Brewing Partnership (1903, Moscow, Kutuzovsky Prospekt, 12);
• School in memory of I. P. Bogolepov in Pokrovsky-Fili (1903)
• Reconstructions and outbuildings in the possession of A.F. Mikhailov (1903, 1907, 1914, Moscow, Khamovnichesky (?) Lane, 17);
• The design of the tomb of Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich in the Chudov Monastery (1904, Moscow, Moscow Kremlin) has not survived;
• House Museum ( Art Gallery) K. -M. (K.O.) Zhiro (1904-1905, Moscow, Timur Frunze Street), rebuilt;
• House of the Serpukhov City Society (1904-1906, Moscow, Ilyinka, 12);
• Apartment building (1905, Moscow, Mira Avenue, 62);
• Power plant of the Electric Lighting Society (1905-1907, Moscow, Raushskaya embankment, 8);
• Mansion of I. I. Nekrasov (1906, Moscow, Khlebny Lane, 20/3);

• Gatehouse at the Giraud silk weaving factory (1906, Moscow, Lev Tolstoy Street);
• Trading house "Mur and Meriliz" (1906-1908, Moscow, Petrovka, 2);
• Extensions and superstructures of buildings, an elevator and a water tower in the possession of the Trekhgorny Brewing Partnership (1906, 1909-1910, Moscow);
• Construction according to the design of S. S. Eibushits and interior decoration of the Choral Synagogue of the Moscow Jewish Society (1906-1911, Moscow, Bolshoi Spasoglinishchevsky Lane, 10);
• The project of a school at the Church of St. Louis (1907, Moscow) was not implemented;
• Apartment house of K. O. Zhiro (1907-1908, Moscow, Timur Frunze Street, 11), built on;
• Apartment house of G. A. Keppen (1907-1914, Moscow, Myasnitskaya street, 5);
• The production buildings of the silk factory of K. O. Zhiro (8 buildings) (1907-1914, Moscow, Timur Frunze Street, 11), partially preserved;
• Reconstruction of the house of K. O. Zhiro (1908, Moscow, Lev Tolstoy Street, 18);
• Design of a monument (1908, Borodino);
• Borodino Bridge across the Moscow River, together with engineer N. I. Oskolkov, with the participation of G. B. Barkhin, A. D. Chichagov, P. P. Shchekotov, A. L. Ober (1908-1913, Moscow), later rebuilt;
• The competition project for the building of the Northern Insurance Company (3rd prize) (1909, Moscow), not implemented;
• Pedagogical Institute with a museum named after P. G. Shelaputin and a real school named after A. P. Shelaputin (1909-1911, Moscow, Kholzunov Lane, 16-18);
• Temple-tomb of the princes Yusupov, counts Sumarokov-Elston, together with G. B. Barkhin (1909-1916, Arkhangelskoye);
• Trading house of engineer M. Ya. Maslennikov and Co. (1900s, Furkasovsky Lane, 1 (?)), rebuilt;
• Hospital at the Tver Manufactory (1900s, Tver);
• Dormitory at the Tver Manufactory (1900s, Tver);
• The building of the City Duma named after Firsanov (1900s, Serpukhov, Sovetskaya street, 31/21);
• Patrikeev Apartment House (1900s, Moscow, Gogolevsky Boulevard);
• Church (1900s, Oranienbaum);
• Participation in the construction of a bridge (1900s, Brussels);
• Jacques Metal Products Factory (opposite the Simonov Monastery) (1900s, Moscow);
• Participation in the architectural design of one of the bridges on the Moscow ring road (1900s, Moscow);
• Men's vocational school named after A.P. Shelaputin (1900s, Moscow, Miusskaya Square, 7 - First Miusskaya Street, 3);
• Country house of N. A. Zverev (1900s);
• Church (1900s, Tomsk);
• Silk factory Musi-Guzhon in the Rogozhskaya part (1900s, Moscow);
• Silk spinning factory Katuar (1900s, Danilovka village, Moscow region);
• Iron rolling shop of the Guzhon plant (1900s, Zolotorozhsky Val, 11);
• Church (1900s, Storozhevo village, Ryazan province);
• Factory buildings, warehouses, exhibition buildings of the Muir and Meriliz Trading House (1900s, Moscow, Stolyarny Lane, 3);
• Sugar factory (near Vysoky Bridge) (1900s, Moscow);
• Podolsk cement plant (1900s, Podolsk);
• Depres Mansion (?) (1900s, Moscow);
• Zemstvo hospital (1900s, Aleksin)
• Plant in Fili (now Aviation Plant) (1900s, Moscow);
• Moscow University Clinic (1900s, Moscow);
• Factory "Electrosvet" (1900s, Moscow, Malaya Pirogovskaya street, 8-10);
• House in the possession of the French Wax Society (1910, Moscow, Derbenevskaya embankment, 34);
• Apartment house of K. O. Zhiro (1911-1914, Moscow, Lev Tolstoy street, 18);
• Residential building for the craftsmen of the Silk Weaving Factory K. O. Zhiro (1911-1914, Moscow, Timur Frunze Street, 11);
• (1912, Moscow, Povarskaya street, 22);
• House-Museum of factory owner A.V. Maraeva (1912, Serpukhov, Chekhov Street, 87/3);
• Tenement house of a free hospital for military doctors for the poor of all ranks (1912-1913, Moscow, Zhukovsky Street, 2 - Bolshoi Kharitonyevsky Lane, 8);
• The cinema building of I. M. Timonin “Colosseum”, with the participation of the architect G. B. Barkhin (1912-1916, Moscow, Chistoprudny Boulevard, 17), was rebuilt;
• The project of a complex of apartment buildings by P. A. Guskov (1913) was not implemented;
• Geological and Mineralogical Institute at Moscow University (1913-1918, Moscow, Mokhovaya street, 6, right building);
• Restoration work in the Yusupov Palace, together with the artist I. I. Nivinsky (1913-1914, Arkhangelskoye);
• An outbuilding and a warehouse in the possession of P. P. Smirnov (1913-1914, Moscow, Tverskoy Boulevard, 18);
• Tea-packing factory of the Tea Trade Partnership V. Vysotsky and Co. (1914, Moscow, Nizhnyaya Krasnoselskaya Street, 7);
• House on the territory of the silk weaving factory of K. O. Zhiro (1914, Moscow, Lev Tolstoy Street);
• Perestroika project Tretyakov Gallery(1914, Moscow), not realized;
• The project of a residential and utility outbuilding in the possession of P. A. Guskov (1915, Moscow, Chistoprudny Boulevard) was not implemented;
• Competition project memorial museums at the Moscow fraternal cemetery (1915, Moscow, Sokol);
• Carrying out preparatory work on the restoration of buildings of Moscow University (1915-1916, Moscow);
• Factory buildings of the Joint Stock Company "Kauchuk" (1915-1916, Moscow, Usacheva Street, 11);
• The project to transform the Moscow Kremlin into a museum town (1917, Moscow) was not implemented;
• Temple-tomb of the Levchenko family (1910s, Moscow, Donskoy Monastery);
• The competition project of the Recreation Palace with services (2nd prize) (1920s), not implemented;
• The competition project for the superstructure of the Exchange building (3rd prize) (1920s, Moscow, Ilyinka Street), not implemented;
• The competition project of a village for Grozneft (1920s) was not implemented;
• The competition project for workers' housing for the Donbass (1920s) was not implemented;
• The project to rebuild the Provodnik factory for the Russian-German Exhibition (1920s) was not implemented;
• Project for rebuilding a factory and canteen in Fili (1920s);
• Projects of state farm poultry houses, rabbit hutches, etc. (1920s, Tarasovka village, Moscow region);
• Standard houses for the workers' settlement of Grozneft (1920s), not implemented;
• Project of a plant for the primary processing of flax and hemp for a state farm under the Council of People's Commissars (1920s);
• The project of the school named after V.I. Lenin (1920s) was not implemented;
• The labor school project for the Northern Railway (1920s) was not implemented;
• The competitive project of the apartment building of the Arcos Joint Stock Company (1920s) was not implemented.

Roman Klein, 1910s

Roman Ivanovich Klein (1858-1924) – architect, academician.

Roman Klein was born into a merchant family on March 19 (March 31), 1858. Musicians, writers, and artists often visited their house on Malaya Dmitrovka. Klein showed an early ability to draw. While still studying at the gymnasium, in 1873-1874 he attended courses at MUZHVZ, in 1875-1877. worked as a draftsman for V.O. Sherwood on the construction of the Historical Museum.

In 1877 Klein entered the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. After graduating in 1882, he received the title of class artist of architecture, 3rd degree, and was sent for an internship in Europe. After returning to Moscow in 1885, Klein worked for two years as an assistant in the architectural studios of Vladimir Sherwood and Alexander Popov.

In 1888, Roman Klein began working independently. Klein's first major building was the house of V.A. Morozova on Vozdvizhenka - brought him fame, making him a fashionable and sought-after architect among the Old Believer merchants. His customers were the Vysotskys, Shelaputins, Prokhorovs, Depres. The number of buildings built by him is large.

Roman Klein was a great stylist and organizer. This is probably why he became one of the most prolific architects of the time.

Roman Klein's life's work

The main work is the Alexander III Museum of Fine Arts. Klein led the construction, assembling a strong team of architects and urban planning engineers. It included both masters and students, who later became original professionals. The competition for the design of the building of the Museum of Fine Arts, announced at the end of 1896, was lost by Roman Klein: first prize - G.D. Grimm, second – L.Ya. Urlaub, third – P.S. Fighters.

Klein's project was accepted at the insistence of I.V. Tsvetaeva, the initiator and organizer of the museum construction work. The final design was developed based on general plan And internal layout Boytsova. Klein and his assistants designed facades and interiors in the neo-Greek style. Construction began on August 17, 1898. The museum opened on May 31, 1912. For this work, Klein was awarded the title of academician of architecture. A little about the fate of the people to whom we owe the existence of the Museum.

A year later, Ivan Vladimirovich Tsvetaev died of a heart attack. Forty days later, Yuri Stepanovich Nechaev-Maltsev passed away, without whose many years of financial support there would have been no museum. Even earlier, in 1905, he was killed Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich Romanov, who, as Governor-General, supported the idea of ​​​​building the Museum.

After 1917, Klein managed to remain in demand by the new government. He worked until the end of his life. He was a staff architect at the Pushkin Museum, served on the boards of the Kazan and Northern Railways, and headed the department of the Moscow Higher Technical School.

Klein's houses in Moscow

• Basmannaya N., 19. Khludov's mansion. R.I. Klein, 1884. Later, three floors were added.
• Borodinsky Bridge. R.I. Klein and engineer Oskolkov, with the participation of Barkhin and A.D. Chichagova, 1909-1912. In 1952 the bridge was doubled.
• Botkinsky 2nd, 3. Morozov Institute for Cancer Patients. R.I. Klein and engineer Rerberg, 1903-1912.
• Varvarka, 7. The building of the Varvara joint-stock company. R.I. Klein, 1890-1892. IN Soviet time was built on.
• Vozdvizhenka, 14. Mansion V.A. Morozova. R.I. Klein, 1886-1888.
• Volkhonka, 12. Museum of Fine Arts. R.I. Klein, 1896-1912, with the participation of Barkhin, Rerberg, A.D. Chichagov and V.G. Shukhova.
• Gruzinskaya B., 14. University dormitory, named after Nicholas II. R.I. Klein, 1900.
• Dmitrovka B., 23. Apartment building L.E. Adelgeyma. R.I. Klein, 1886. Rebuilt.
• Dolgorukovskaya, 27. House of the Prussian subject August Siebert. R.I. Klein, 1891.
• Zhukovsky, 2. Apartment house. R.I. Klein, 1912-1913.
• Ilyinka, 12. Russian foreign trade and Siberian banks. R.I. Klein, 1888-1893.
• Kolobovsky 3rd, 3. Wine warehouses of the Depres Partnership. R.I. Klein, 1899.
• Konyushkovskaya, 31. House for a botanical garden. The customer is the owner of the Ferrein pharmacy. R.I. Klein, 1895.
• Red Square, 5. Medium shopping arcades. Klein, 1901-1902.
• Kuznetsky Most, 19 C1. House with a grocery store. V.A. Kossov, 1886-1887; R.I. Klein, 1896-1898.
• Kutuzovsky, 12 C1, 3. Trekhgorny brewery. A.E. Weber, 1875-1904; R.I. Klein, 1910.
• Mokhovaya, 11 C2. Geological Museum state university. R.I. Klein, 1914.
• Mira Avenue, 5. The Perlovs' apartment building with a store, office, factory and residential apartments. R.I. Klein, 1893.
• Mira Avenue, 62. Residential building. R.I. Klein, 1905.
• Miusskaya, 9. Men's vocational school named after Shelaputin. R.I. Klein and Rerberg, 1900s.
• Myasnitskaya, 5. Köppen apartment building. R.I. Klein, 1907-1908.
• Myasnitskaya, 19. "Tea House" by Perlov. R.I. Klein, 1890-1893; Gippius, 1895-1896.
• Nagornaya, 3. Silk-twisting factory Catuar. R.I. Klein, 1890s.
• Ogorodnaya Sloboda, 6. House of the Vysotsky tea manufacturers. R.I. Klein, 1900.
• Olsufievsky, 1, 1 A. Panteleev apartment building. R.I. Klein, 1890s.
• Olsufievsky, 6. Own house of the architect Klein, 1889-1890s. Rebuilt.
• Olsufievsky, 8. Apartment house of the merchant Kuzin. R.I. Klein, 1895.
• Olkhovskaya, 20. Tea-packing factory "Tea Trade Partnership V. Vysotsky and Co." R.I. Klein, 1914.
• Petrovka, 2 / Neglinnaya, 3. Muir and Meriliz department store. Architect R.I. Klein, 1906-1908.
• Petrovsky Boulevard, 17 / 3rd Kolobovsky, 1. Apartment building with a store for the wine trading company Depre. R.I. Klein, 1899-1902. Added to it in 1932-1934.
• Pirogovskaya B., 11. Building of the Shelaputina Gynecological Institute. R.I. Klein, 1893-1895.
• Pirogovskaya M., 20. Morozov Institute for the Treatment of Malignant Tumors. R.I. Klein and Rerberg, 1900-1902.
• Plyushchikha, 62. Mansion of the gynecologist Snegirev. R.I. Klein, 1893-1894.