Mongolian beautiful names for girls. Mongolian, Tibetan male and female names

While the child is not yet born, the parents come up with a name for him. Names of Mongolian origin in Lately are becoming popular even among the Russian-speaking population. The mystery of the name carries many meanings. It is believed that the child’s fate largely depends on the name he receives. Therefore, psychologists recommend choosing a name responsibly.

The history of the appearance of Mongolian names

Name formation in Mongolia has always been distinguished by its simplicity, regardless of whether they are Mongolian names for boys or girls. Over the last 7 centuries, they have not undergone any changes and consist of a personal name, which the baby receives from its parents, and a surname, which is inherited from the father to the children. If problems arose, the Mongol could change his name, well, and if there were no compelling reasons, then he remained with him until his death.

Only by the middle of the 13th century did a mention appear in literature that Mongolian male names were also accompanied by nicknames. For example: Duva-Sokhor (Duva translated from the Mongolian language is blind, that is, it turns out blind Sokhor). Nicknames were used by commoners, and higher ranks and nobility added titles to their names. Personal names such as nor and ovog appear in it.

The Mongolian people have a middle name, but it appears only in documents and not for everyone. Among the people you can hear such an appeal - “Sambu son of Sodnom.” The most ancient names include: Baatar (hero), Timur (wise). They can be found in ancient Mongolian legends and writings. In addition, ancient names are returning now. They try to name a newborn, emphasizing masculinity or the strength of the family.

Mongolian names owe much of their origin to the neighborhood of other countries. Very often you can find female Buddhist names, Tibetan names for boys, and we will consider their meaning below.

Origin of names in Mongolia

Buddhist culture played a huge role in the life of the Mongolian people. Religion came to the country from the Indian state, and therefore, when forming personal names great importance had not only the Buddhist religion, but also Tibetan traditions. According to them, names are divided depending on:

Scientists studying the history and mystery of the origin of Mongolian names have discovered that, among other things, the name can be associated with an ordinary object. Women's names were carriers of beauty, kindness, and men's, in turn, courage and courage.

The names Mongol are popular everywhere - they are used to name children in the USA, China and even Russia. The list of names is huge, so you can really choose exactly what best suits your newborn baby.

Popular female names

Women in the countries of the East, Buddhist and Tibetan cultures occupy a not entirely privileged place in society. But at the same time, the name that is given to a newborn girl can really be very beautiful. Mongolian female names and their meanings:

Tsegeg prefix Most often found in women, because they are the personification of beauty, fidelity and hope.

Particle prefixes for Mongolian names

The older generation is held in high esteem among the Mongols, and therefore it is interesting how the Mongols address the older generation. They definitely add a bit of respect: eme - grandmother, egch - older sister.

If a Russian girl marries a Mongolian, then, at first glance, it is not entirely clear: there is no patronymic or surname. Therefore, most often the husband’s name or patronymic will be taken as the basis for the wife’s new surname.

Any name that is given to a baby at birth must be thought out in advance. If a Russian person refers more to the horoscope, the dates of birth of the Saints, then for the Mongolian people everything depends on to what social stratum they relate, and from the need to give the child a beautiful name.

Attention, TODAY only!

A correctly chosen name has a strong positive impact on a person’s character, aura and destiny. Actively helps to develop, forms positive qualities of character and condition, strengthens health, removes various negative programs of the unconscious. But how to choose the perfect name?

Despite the fact that in culture there are poetic interpretations of what female names mean, in reality the influence of the name on each girl is individual.

Sometimes parents try to choose a name before birth, preventing the child from developing. Attempts to use astrology are no longer applicable; astrology and numerology for choosing a name have squandered all serious knowledge about the influence of a name on fate over the centuries.

Christmastide calendars, holy people, without consulting a seeing, perspicacious specialist, do not provide any real assistance in assessing the influence of names on the fate of a child.

Popular lists, happy, beautiful, melodious female names are essentially generalizations, and completely turn a blind eye to the individuality, energy, and soul of the child.

Beautiful and modern Mongolian names should primarily suit the child, and not relative external criteria of beauty and fashion. Who don't care about your child's life.

Various characteristics according to statistics - positive features the name, the negative features of the name, the choice of a profession based on the name, the influence of the name on business, the influence of the name on health, the psychology of the name can only be considered in the context of a deep analysis of the character, energy structure, life goals and gender of a particular child.

Name Compatibility Topic(and not the characters of people) is an absurdity that turns the internal mechanisms of the influence of a name on the state of its bearer inside out on the interactions of different people. And it cancels the entire psyche, unconscious, energy and behavior of people. Reduces the entire multidimensionality of human interaction to one false characteristic.

Meaning of the name does not give full impact, it is only a small part of the impact. For example
Zhargal (happiness) does not mean that the girl will be happy in her family life, but those with other names are unhappy. The name can weaken her health, block her heart center and she will not be able to give and receive love. On the contrary, another girl will be helped to solve problems related to love or family, which will make life and achieving goals much easier. The third girl may not have any effect at all, whether there is a name or not. Etc. Moreover, all these children can be born on the same day. And have the same astrological, numerological and other characteristics. And the same name. But fates are different.

The most popular Mongolian names for girls are also misleading. 95% of girls are called names that do not make their fate easier. You can only focus on the child’s innate character, spiritual vision and the wisdom of a specialist. And experience, experience and once again the experience of understanding what is happening.

The secret of a woman's name, as a program of the unconscious, a sound wave, vibration is revealed in a special bouquet primarily in a person, and not in the semantic meaning and characteristics of a name. And if this name destroys a child, then no matter how beautiful, melodious with the patronymic, astrologically accurate, blissful it is, it will still be harmful, destroy character, complicate life and burden fate.

Below is a list of Mongolian names. Try to choose several that you think are most suitable for your child. Then, if you are interested in the effectiveness of the name’s influence on fate, .

List of female Mongolian names in alphabetical order:

Altantuya - golden ray
Alimtsetseg - apple flower
Amartsetseg - calm flower
Ariuntuya - sacred ray
Ariuntsetseg - sacred flower

Badamtsetseg - lotus flower
Badraltsetseg - inspiration flower
Battsetseg - strong flower
Bayartsetseg - joyful flower
Bayantsetseg is a rich flower.
Baigaltsetseg - natural flower
Bolortsetseg - crystal flower
Buyannavch - benefactor leaf
Byam-batsetseg - flower of Saturday

Goyotsetseg - a beautiful flower
Gereltsetseg - light flower

Davaatsetseg - Monday flower
Delbee - petal

Zhargal - happiness

Zambaga - magnolia

Mungunnavch - silver leaf
Munkhnavch - eternal leaf
Munkhtsetseg - eternal flower

Navch - sheet
Navchaa - leaf
Navchin - leaf
Navchtsetseg - flower leaf
Narantuya - sunbeam
Narantsetseg - sunny flower

Odontsetseg - star flower
Orgiltsetseg - flower of the peak, high mountain
Oyuun - intellect, mind, mind
Oyuunnavch - turquoise leaf

Saikhantsetseg - a beautiful flower
Sarnai - rose
Solongo - rainbow
Suvdaa - a pearl
Suvdantsetseg - pearl flower
Sugar - Venus
Sergelen - cheerful

Tumentsetseg - ten thousand flowers
Tuyaatsetseg - radiant flower

Ulaantsetseg - red flower
Unurtsetseg - rich flower
Urantsetseg - a skillful flower
Urgamal - plant
Uugantsetseg - the first flower

Khongorzul - tulip
Khurantsetseg - rain flower

Tsagaantsetseg - white flower
Tsogtgerel - light of flame
Tselmeg - pure, clear
Tseren - long-lived
Tsengelmaa - fun, entertainment
Tsetseg - flower
Tsetsegjargal - flower of happiness

Chimeg - decoration

Shurentsetseg - coral flower
Enkhtuvshin - calm, peacefulness
Enkhtsetseg - peaceful flower
Erdene - jewel
Erdenetsetseg - precious flower

Yagaantsetseg - pink flower - happiness

Destiny is character. Character is adjusted, including through thoughts. The most the main idea This name. The name introduces changes in character. Then the character changes fate and future. Since all people are different, any generalizations that ignore a person’s individuality are incorrect.

How to choose the right, strong and suitable name for a child in 2019?

Neurosemiotics of the name
Yours, Leonard Boyard
Switch to the value of life

The anthroponymic model of the Mongols has always been simple and has not undergone significant changes over the past seven centuries, as can be judged from written monuments, the earliest of which date back to the 13th century, and the latest to the end of the 19th century. It consisted of one personal name, given at birth, and if there were no special reasons for changing it, then the person wore it until his death.

However, already in the 13th century, judging by the text of The Secret History of the Mongols, in many cases names were accompanied by nicknames and titles: Duva-sokhor"Blind Duva" Dobun-mergen"Dobun is a sharp shooter" Wang Han"ruler Wang" Ambagai Khan"great ruler Ambagai", etc. As a rule, nicknames were characteristic of the common people, titles - for the hereditary nobility, but this division was not strictly observed. Often titles became names, as evidenced by the facts of the history of Mongolia.

An example of this is Genghis Khan- a title adopted by the founder of the Mongol state after his election as the Great Khan of the Mongol tribes and replacing his personal name Temujin.

The modern anthroponymic model of the Mongols no longer only includes a personal name ( ner), but also patronymic ( Ovog). The latter is the genitive form of the father's name and precedes the personal name, for example: Sodnomyn Sambu"Sambu son of Sodnom" Ayushiin Namdag“Namdag son of Ayushi”, etc. In everyday communication, the middle name does not appear; it is indicated only in documents.

In the formation of the Mongolian name book, three stages can be distinguished: ancient Mongolian, Lamaistic and modern. Among the indisputably ancient names are such names as Baatar"hero", Mergen"sharp", Tumur"iron", Munkh"eternal", Oyuun"wise", Ulziy"prosperous" Naran"Sun". They can be found in early Mongolian works, legends, and tales of different centuries. Currently, they are no less popular than in the 13th century, and are used not only on their own, but also as part of numerous names derived from them, for example: Baatarjargal"heroic happiness" Baatarchulun"heroic stone" Tumurzorig"iron determination" Tumurhuyag"iron armor" Munkhdalay"eternal sea" Oyuungerel“light of wisdom”, etc. As you can see, such anthroponyms are formed from Mongolian appellatives.

The Lamaist layer in the name book was formed in two periods: after the first (XIII century) and second (XVI-XVII centuries) waves of the spread of Lamaism among the Mongols. The Sanskrit and Tibetan names that came with Lamaism were mostly the names of the gods of the Buddhist pantheon, mythical and real preachers of Buddhism, or they were the names of individual works of Buddhist canonical literature, terms Buddhist philosophy, names of various ritual objects, planets, etc.

All this religious terminology, having undergone certain changes in accordance with the norms of the Mongolian language, filled the Mongolian name book for almost three hundred years. Yes, names Choizhil, Choizhiljav, Choizhinkhorloo, Damdin, Damdingochoo, Damdinnorov, Zhambaa, Zhambaarinchen, Zhambanyandag, Lham, Lhamaa, Lhamsuren, Lhamochir, Dalhaa, Dalkhzhav, Dalkhsuren, Dulmaa, Dulamdorj, Dulamzhav, Moidar, Moidarzhav go back to the names of Buddhist deities, and the names Zhanchiv, Zhanchivdorzh, Zhanchivsenge, Samdan, Samdanvanchig, Samdangeleg, Samdanzhamts, Endon, Endonnorov, Endonbazar, Endonbal, Tsultem- to Tibetan philosophical Buddhist terms: jean-chuv"holiness", samdan"contemplation", dan-ion"knowledge", tsul-team"moral"; based on names Badamkhatan, Zhadamba are the names of Buddhist sutras.

Among the Mongolian anthroponyms, semantically going back to the names of objects of religious worship, the following can be noted: Erdene(Skt. ratna) "jewel", Ochir(Skt. vajra) "thunder axe", Badma(Skt. padma) "lotus", Garma(Skt. karma) "fate", Gombeau(Skt. mgon-po) "patron", "protector", Dam(Tib. dampa) "saint", Ishi(Tib. ye-shes) "wise", Agvan(Tib. ngag-dban) "eloquent", Sodnam(Tib. bsod-nams) "happiness", Senge(Tib. seng-ge) "a lion", Tseren(Tib. ts"e-ring) "long life" and etc.

In addition, Mongolian names often contain Tibetan name-forming elements that have a specific meaning: -zhav(Tib. skyabs"protection", "help") - Maksarzhav, Gombozhav, Tsevegzhav, Badamzhav; -suren(Tib. srung"caution", "vigilance") - Yadamsuren, Handsuren, Lkhamsuren, Zhigjidsuren; -san(Tib. bsang"kind", "wonderful") - Choibalsan, Batnasan, Urtnasan; Luvsan-(Tib. blo-bzang"good feeling") - Luvsanvandan, Luvsanbaldan, Luvsandanzan; -ball(Tib. dpal"glory", "greatness") - Tsedenbal; Lodoy-(Tib. blo-gros"mind", "intelligence") - Lodoidamba; -punzag(Tib. p"un-ts-ogs"perfection") - Punzagnorov etc.

The Mongols do not have a clear boundary between male and female names, although semantically there is still some pattern. For example, names that contain words tsetseg"flower", thujaa"dawn", odon"star" ( Badamtsetseg, Altantsetseg, Zhargaltsetseg, Narantsetseg, Erdenetsetseg, Enkhtuyaa etc.), are used preferably as women's ones. At the same time, the presence in the name of such words as baatar"hero", baht"strong", bold"steel", dorj or Ochir 1 , zorigt“brave”, etc., suggests the attribution of these names mainly to male ones ( Khatanbaatar, Munkhbaatar, Batochir, Batmunkh, Batjargal, Oyuunbaatar, Davaadorj, Ganbaatar, Batzorigt, Chinbat, Dorj, Natsagdorj and etc.). However, many names derived from appellatives can be used equally as masculine and feminine, for example: Tsogtgerel"flame light" Sergelen"funny", Zhargal"happiness", Tseren"long-lived", etc.

Names that are still very popular are the names of the days of the week and the corresponding planets. They exist in two versions - Tibetan and Sanskrit. The Tibetan series goes like this: Yum"Sunday", "Sun", Davaa"Monday", "Moon", Myagmar"Tuesday", "Mars", Lhagwa"Wednesday", "Mercury", Purev"Thursday", "Jupiter", Basaan"Friday", "Venus" Byamba"Saturday", "Saturn". The Sanskrit series is Mongolicized: Yadyaa, Sumyaa, Hangarak, Bud, Barkhasvad, Sugar, Sanchir. However, if Tibetan words now represent the officially accepted designations of the days of the week in the country, then Sanskrit ones are used primarily as names of planets. All names of the Tibetan series can act as both male and female names. From the Sanskrit series, only Sugar"Venus".

The third, modern layer in the name book emerged after the victory of the People's Revolution and the proclamation of the Mongolian People's Republic (1924). This stage is characterized by the appearance of not only new formations based on traditional Mongolian vocabulary, but also various lexical Russian and international borrowings. In the Mongolian name book of our days, Russian names are presented in full and diminutive versions as personal names ( Alexander, Alexei, Nina, Victor, Tanya, Boris, Borya, Lyuba etc.), Russian surnames ( Ivanov, Kozlov, Pushkin), mountain names ( Elbrus), common nouns ( Assets, Kamel- from a brand of American cigarettes "Camel"- "camel", King from Russian king 2).

The use of Russian surnames as Mongolian names in each case has an explanation: this is either a close friend of one of the family members, or a study or work comrade, a war hero, a doctor who worked in the area, a famous Russian poet, etc. However, there are few such names.

IN last years there has been a tendency towards the revival of Mongolian and even ancient Mongolian names like Tergun, Mergen, Baatar etc. For this purpose, special councils at maternity hospitals conduct explanatory work. The results are already showing. The percentage of Tibetan and Sanskrit names, the meaning of which is often unknown to today's young parents, has decreased. There has been an increase and variety of names derived from Mongolian appellatives.

The once widespread custom of replacing the original name with a different, new name still occurs, although rarely. The first name is forgotten. Usually this was associated with some extraordinary circumstances, for example, with recovery from a serious illness, which was interpreted as a “rebirth” of the individual; in addition, the new name was supposed to mislead those “evil forces” that caused serious illness. In the older generation, you can still find names that demean human dignity and serve as a kind of amulets for children from evil spirits: Enabish"not the one" Hongbish"not a human", Nergui"nameless", Khulgana"mouse", Nohoy"dog", etc.

The system of addressing the Mongols to each other is interesting. When addressing elders, man or woman, a particle of respect is added to the name -guay: Sambu-guay, Damdinsuren-guai, Yum Guai. If the person's name is unknown, they are addressed as follows: Ovgon-Guai"venerable", "respected" (conventional) if it is a man, and uh"grandmother" if it is an elderly woman, egch"older sister" if she is a middle-aged woman. When addressing children, they call mini hoo"my boy", mini duu"my child."

Curious phenomena are observed at the junction of the Mongolian and Russian anthroponymic models. A Russian girl, marrying a Mongolian and wanting to change her surname, finds herself in difficulty, because the Mongols do not have a surname. There is no unified way to solve such problems, so in some cases new name For a Russian woman, it becomes her husband's name; in others, it becomes his patronymic. Children from mixed marriages usually receive names that correspond to the Russian anthroponymic model; their patronymic becomes the father's name, designed according to the "Russian model", and the father's patronymic, i.e. The grandfather’s name, however, no longer in the genitive, but in the nominative case, turns into a surname: Galina Batochirna Munkhbold (Galina- personal name, Batochir- father's name, Munkhbold- grandfather's name).

1 Vajra, in its Tibetan and Mongolian sound dorj, Ochir, - the name of one of the ritual objects of the Buddhist cult
2 It is interesting to note that the original for English camel Arabic gamal gave Muslim names Gamal, Kemal, and Russian king, in turn, comes from the proper name Charles. Thus, these anthroponyms arose not through direct borrowing from the corresponding language, but in a “roundabout” and very complex way

In total, more than 40 thousand Mongolian proper names are known. This is a huge number, especially considering the small population. By the way, Russians make do with about 2,600 names, while the British have only about 3,000 names.

The proper names of the Mongols go back to ancient times. Historical documents indicate that 2000 years ago the ancestors of the Mongols, the Huns, had names such as Tyuman, Modun, and so on. The name Tyumen still exists today, but it sounds a little different - “Tumen”.

In the 8th-10th centuries, Mongolian names were clearly divided into male and female. The suffix " give" or " tai", to women - " gin" or " rank», « moon" And to emphasize the beauty of a woman, they added the definition “ goo", which means "beautiful, wonderful." For example, in the Mongolian literary monument of the 13th century - “The Secret History of the Mongols” - we find the following names: Zharchiudai, Subaeday, Borzhigdai, women's - Mongoljingoo, Alungoo, Huagqing…

In ancient sources one can find, although very rarely, such names of Mongolian brave warriors as Megujin, Tsagaangoo, and the names of the princesses - Sohatai, Munhulday etc. Here it is easy to notice that suffixes of female names have been added to male names, as well as the definition “ goo”, emphasizing the beauty of a woman, and vice versa, suffixes of male names are applied to female names.

Choosing the right name is not an easy task, as the Mongolian proverb emphasizes: “ Food eaten - companion on half a day, wearing clothes - companion on six months, accepted Name - companion on all life" It was usually customary to select a name in accordance with the doctrine of the five elements (fire, water, metal, wood, earth), so that it would not only be harmonious, but also correspond to the element of the child. If it was not possible to choose a name from the desired options, then the pieces of paper with the name were placed in a bag of cereal, then sifted, and the name that came up first was given.

It was a common thing when parents didn’t really struggle with choosing a name, but simply called their child the day of the week on which he was born: Nyamdavaa, Davaanyam or Nyamzhargal(“yum” - Sunday, “davaa” - Monday, “jargal” - happiness”); Lhagwa or Lkhagvasuren(“lhagva” - environment); Purevbaatar- (“hero born on Thursday”, “purev” - Thursday), Byamba or Byambatsetseg(“byamba” - Saturday, “tsetseg” - flower).

More recently, it happened that a girl was given a male name and vice versa. This usually happened in families where daughters did not survive or only girls were born, and the parents wanted a son, or vice versa. Occasionally, children were given completely unattractive names, for example, Henchbish- "Nobody", Terbish- “Not the one” Enabish- "Not this one", Muunokhoy- "Bad dog" Hongbish- "Not a human", " Nerguy" - "No name". Such names were usually given to children who were often and seriously ill in order to protect them from the power of spirits.

It was believed that this was the right remedy: for example, some malicious otherworldly entity would come after the child, ask him by name, and in response: “ Nerguy" - "No name" or even worse " Terbish- “Not the one”... and the confused spirit goes home without a sip. For the same reason, the baby could be called simply Nohoy- “dog”, with the same simple purpose: to evil spirits, if anything, they took with them by mistake not him, but a real dog, which, although I feel sorry for, is still not as much as my little blood...

In the past, the Mongols had surnames, or rather “family names”, for example, Tatardai Shahikhutag, otherwise - Shikhikhutag comes from the Tatars. By now, it has become common practice to use only first and patronymic names, for example, Tsendiin Damdinsuren, that is Damdinsuren, son Tsenda. This is common for Mongols, but sometimes it surprises visitors when, for example, on a train ticket a guest from Russia reads something like “Ivan” or “Sidorovich” instead of his usual last name, first name and patronymic.

Mongolian names are divided into native Mongolian and borrowed from other languages. The fund of Mongolian names includes big number names of Sanskrit and Tibetan origin. Names of Sanskrit origin, such as Sanzhaa, Anand, Indra and others entered Mongolia from India through Tibet. Tibetan names - Namdag, Danzan and others entered the Mongolian vocabulary in connection with the spread of Lamaism in Mongolia.

Some Mongolian names of Tibetan and Sanskrit origin have religious meaning. For example, Samdan- deep thinking, Dulmaa- savior, mother, Namdag- saint, while others express peace, happiness, longevity, etc. The lists of Mongolian names include a small number of names borrowed from Arabic, Chinese, Turkic, Greek, and Russian. This is explained by the fact that since ancient times the Mongols had close ties with different peoples Asia and Europe. In the twentieth century, names of Tibetan and Sanskrit origin were replenished by Russians: Volodya, Alexei, even the surnames of Russian military leaders and politicians began to be used as names: Suvorov, Zhdanov, Kutuzov, Khrushev, Zhukov, Varshilov... As a sign of peace, friendship and brotherhood, other names were invented: Seseer, October, Nairamdal. Sometimes it even came to incidents: they say that someone got such an unexpected name as Balcony... although it may be that these are already tales.

If earlier Tibetan and Sanskrit names occupied a dominant position in the Mongolian name fund, then during the Mongolian People's Republic they began to be considered unfashionable, which was also associated with the opposition of religion and the state in these times.

Today, some of the original Mongolian names are formed from simple common words, for example, Ariun- “pure, noble” Mergen- “sharp”, Baht- “strong”, Chuluun- “stone”, Tsetseg- "flower" , Өdor- "day", Өgloөө- "morning", Oroi- "evening" Small- "cattle" Khurga- “lamb”, Unaga- "foal" Tughal- "calf" Botgo- "baby camel" Yamaa- "goat" Buga- “elk”... The current Mongolian president has the same simple name - Battulga, which means “Strong Tagan”

Mongolian names can be either simple, from one nominal stem, or complex, from two or more words. For example, Bold- “steel”, Narantsetseg- "sunny flower" Odontuyaarakhgerel- "The light that radiates the radiance of the stars" Adilsanaa- “Similar thoughts”, Altanochirt- “Golden sparkling, having golden sparkles”, Bagaugan- "Younger firstborn" Baserөol- “One more good wish”, Ynentogoo- “A real cauldron”, Olonbayarlah- “Rejoice many times” Zhaakhanchuluu- “Small stone.”

Complex names can consist not only of Mongolian words, but also of words of the Mongolian and Tibetan languages. Chuluundorj: “chuluun” - “stone”, “dorj” - “diamond”, as well as from two Tibetan words: Cerenchimed: “longevity” - “immortal”. In addition, many names can be formed from one nominal stem, for example, Battumur, Batjargal, Batbold, Batnasan, Oyuunbat, Ganbat etc.

Sometimes, when parents come up with a name for their child, they make it up from several words at once, resulting in very unusual and not always easy to pronounce options, for example, Lodoyerdenedorzhsembe, Luvsanparenleyzhantsan, Mongolehornynegoglooө, Ochirbayanmonkhdorzhsurenzhav, Danzanravzhaaparenleyzhamts, Gursoronzongombosurenbold, Damdinbazarmonkhbaatar, Bayarsaikhanbadamsereezhid. The translation of such names can be very poetic, for example, Yesonzhinerdenebaatar- “The Bogatyr of Jewels in Nine Zhins”, Erdenabilegnemekhmonkhtsoozh- “Eternal bolts increasing the precious benefactor”, Tsastuulynorgilkhairkhan- “The peaks of the majestic snow-capped mountains”, Enkhtөgoldөrbayasgalan- “Absolute joy.” The longest one that could be found is Dorzhsurenzhantsankhorloonerguybaatar- “Wheel Guarded by the Vajra of the Victory Banner, Nameless Hero”
The fund of Mongolian names is also replenished due to major events taking place in the world. For example, with the flight of the Mongolian cosmonaut into space, a “fashion” for “space” names began: Samsar- "space", Sanchir- "Saturn" Odsar: od - “star”, sar - “moon”, there was even a name Zhanibekov- by the name of the commander of the Soviet-Mongolian crew... The very first Mongolian cosmonaut is called Zhugderdamidiin Gurragcha, and perhaps this name is the most famous Mongolian name in Russia. It comes from the ancient Indian “Gur” - “guru, lama, highest” and “Ragcha” - protector, guardian. His father's name is Zhugderdamid- from Tibet and translates as “water without dirt”...

By what names have existed and exist in the country, what new names are joining the name fund, you can learn more about the history, culture, traditions and linguistic characteristics of the people, even the events and phenomena that have ever happened there.

The most common Mongolian names:
Bat-Erdene- "Strong Treasure" Otgonbayar- "Younger Joy" Altantsetseg- “Golden Flower”, Batbayar- “Strong joy”, Oyuunchimeg- “Ornament of the mind”, Bolormaa- “Crystal”, Lkhagvasuren- "Born on Wednesday" Enkhtuyaa- “Peaceful Dawn”, Gantulga- “Steel tagan”, Erdenechimeg- “Precious Decoration”, Ganbold- “Damask Steel”.

The most short names: Az- “happiness, luck”, Very good- "spark" Od- “star”, Alt- "gold, Baht- “strong”, Oyuu- "mind", Had- "rock" Nar- "Sun", Zul- “lamp” and so on. Almost all of them are of Mongolian origin.

MONGOLIAN TRADITIONS

About some Mongolian proper names

The names of the Mongols are interesting and distinctive in their origin and meaning. Their features and origin were repeatedly mentioned in their works by many oriental scholars, A.M. Pozdneev, Yu.N. Roerich. Mongolian names reflect the customs, worldview, traditions, way of life, various cultural and historical factors, and religious ideas of the Mongolian people.

A personal name has a great and symbolic meaning for Mongols, which is enhanced by the rare use of surnames and patronymics in everyday life (scientific degrees, military ranks, etc. are almost more often used together with a personal name). Mongolian names and names that came through the Mongols are used not only in Mongolia: until the middle of the 20th century, they absolutely prevailed over names of other origins among the Kalmyks, Buryats and Tuvans, partly Altaians and other peoples of Southern Siberia in Russia, and still prevail in areas of China inhabited by Mongols, both among the Mongols and among the Buryats, Oirats, and partly Evenks. A number of surnames around the world are derived from Mongolian names.

Mongolian personal names, due to their specificity, also represent rich material for the history of the Mongolian language. Because they are capable of “preserving” certain linguistic phenomena for a long time, which attracts a lot of attention from researchers.

GROUPS OF NAMES

The role that Christian culture (which originated in the Middle East and came to Rus' through Rome and Byzantium) played for the Russians was played by Buddhist culture for the Mongolian peoples. Buddhism came to the Mongols from India indirectly through Khotan and Tibet. Personal names reflect both the proper Mongolian ancient culture, as well as the cultural and religious influence of Buddhism, primarily its Tibetan tradition.

By origin Mongols have distinct names: actually Mongolian; Mongolian, which is a translation from Tibetan; combined Mongolian-Tibetan and Mongolian-Sanskrit; Tibetan; Indian. A small percentage historically consists of Chinese, Turkic and Russian names associated with


mixed marriages, political courses, etc.


By composition. Since the late Middle Ages (approximately from the 17th century), names from two significant components, disyllabic (in the old written spelling), or a combination of disyllabic and monosyllabic (example: Tsagaan “white” + Dorj “vajra” = Tsagaandorzh or Dorjhuү “vajra”) have become significantly popular +well done"). There are also three-component and even four-component names[source?].


By social status. names can serve as a talisman, for example, in a family where children often died or a newborn (up to 3 years old) child was sick, he was given a name that did not attract evil spirits: Enabish (not this one), Terbish (not that one), etc. For identification in the absence of surnames, all children in the family were often given names with the same first component: Tumenbaatar, Tumenolziy, Tumendelger.

PERSONAL NAME

Studying Mongolian anthroponyms, one can observe that words denoting a wide variety of objects and concepts can fall into their category. This means that the personal names of the Mongols arose on the basis of a rethinking of common nouns. The overwhelming majority of Mongolian personal names are absolutely identical, structurally and phonetically, with those common nouns from which proper names were formed. Most often, words that are emotionally rich, which are the names of attractive objects, words that serve to designate objects of material and spiritual world person.

The original personal names of the Mongols arose in ancient times. If women's names symbolize beauty, majesty, kindness, meekness, then men's names mainly express strength, courage, courage and bravery.

BUDDHIST NAMES

Among Buddhist names there are groups of synonymous names: from Skt. vajra comes from Ochir (borrowed through the Sogdian and Uyghur languages), Bazaar (via Tibetan), Dorj (Tibetan translation of the word vajra, in Russian usually rendered Dorzhe, Dorje), from ratna (jewel) - Erdene, Radna, Rinchen (Tibetan translation) etc. Each of these options can exist independently, or be one of the components in multi-component names: Ochirbat (-bat in Mongolian means “strong”, also found separately: Bat, Batu/Batu), Bazarhuү (-khuү “well done”), Khanddorzh (the first part in this case is also Tibetan), etc.

Some of the names come from the names and images of the Buddhist sacred canon: Zhadamba (Eight Thousand, Prajnaparamita Sutra in 8000 stanzas), Ganzhuur, Danzhuur, Altangerel (“golden light”, in honor of the Sutra of the Golden Light), possibly Badamtsetseg (lotus flower). The last example is significant in that it is a female name, derived from the name of a flower, but the name lotus (Sanskrit padma) (and its symbolic meaning) was brought by Buddhism.

The names of the statuses of clergymen can also become names: Bagsha, Khuvrag, Bandi, Khamba, Khutagt

Recently, according to statistics, Mongols began to increasingly abandon foreign names, including Tibetan. Today residents are given names with special features national tradition and history.

MONGOLIAN NAMES RELATED TO PLANT NAMES

Let's take a closer look at the names associated with the names of plants. These are mostly female names. Wishes for girls - to become beautiful, attractive, gentle - form a large group of names derived from the names of plants, for example: Sarnai - Rose, Khongorzul - Tulip, Zambaga - Magnolia, Saikhantsetseg - Beautiful Flower, Bolortsetseg - Crystal Flower, Munkhnavch - Eternal Leaf and etc.

Female personal names may indicate a relationship to a plant: Urgamal (Plant), Navch, Navchaa, Navchin (Leaf), Delbee (Petal), Navchtsetseg (Leaf-flower), Alimtsetseg (Apple Flower), etc.

There are personal names indicating the time of birth of the baby: Davaatsetseg (Monday-flower), Byam-batsetseg (Saturday-flower), Personal names of Mongolian women can also express the situation in which the child was born: Amartsetseg (Calm flower), Uugantsetseg ( First flower).

Children's names can be associated with the mood or wishes of the parents: Bayartsetseg (Flower-joy), Tumentsetseg (ten thousand flowers), Tsetsegzhargal. (Flower of Happiness), Goyotsetseg (Beautiful Flower). Names such as Munkhtsetseg - Eternal Flower, Enkhtsetseg - Peaceful Flower, express wishes for long life and health. Wishes for happiness, success in life, and prosperity are reflected in the following names: Bayantsetseg - Rich flower. Buyannavch -L ist benefactor, Urantsetseg - Skillful flower, Battsetseg - Strong flower.

The desire to see your girls graceful and attractive is contained in the names Khongorzul Tulip, Oyuunnavch - Turquoise Leaf, Ariun-tsetseg - Sacred Flower.

There are personal names that arose in connection with the worship of the Sun, Moon, stars, Earth, etc. Narantsetseg - Solar Flower, Odontsetseg - Star Flower, Tuyaatsetseg - Radiant Flower, Gereltsetseg - Light Flower, Baigaltsetseg - Nature - Flower, Khurantsetseg - Rain - flower, etc.

Since ancient times, the Mongols have attached sacred symbolism to various colors. Perhaps in connection with this, personal names denoting colors appeared: Tsagaantsetseg - White color OK, Yagaantsetseg - Pink flower, Ulaantsetseg - Red flower, etc. IN color symbolism the color red acts as a symbol of love, so the personal name Ulaantsetseg can mean “Favorite Flower.” White color, as you know, is considered by the Mongols to bring happiness and prosperity, which means that Tsagaantsetseg is a “Lucky Flower”.

And, finally, personal names may indicate the relationship to the material: Erdene-tsetseg - Precious flower, Suvdantsetseg - Pearl flower, Mungunnavch - Silver leaf, Shurentsetseg - Coral flower, etc.

Among the personal names listed above, the most popular, frequently occurring word is “tsetseg” - flower. As you can see, this word, which is included in personal names with a complex structure, mainly expresses a positive emotional connotation and an affectionate connotation.

It is appropriate to note here that plant names are extremely rare in male names. For example: Gond - Cumin, Arvay - Barley, Undes - Root.

Among the Mongolian personal names associated with plant names, there are names of foreign origin. For example, Sanskrit personal names include Udval (Green-leaved Catchment), Badma (Lotus), Chinese - Lianghua (Lotus), Tibetan - Ninjbad gar (Bather), Serzhmyadag (Poppy), Zhamyanmyadag (Sosyuriya), etc.

EXTRAORDINARY NAMES

Mongols most often give unusual names to children who are ill at a young age - it is believed that this will help the child recover. The most common names are Byaslag - cheese, Tugal - calf, Ongots - airplane. Names that are derived from the names of flowers are often abandoned - flowers are not eternal. For a person to live happily ever after, they give long name- for example - Luvsandenzenpilzhinzhigmed. People often turn to the lama for advice.

NAME NAME

The name can be given by a Buddhist priest, checking the horoscope, parents, elder relatives, based on the date of birth, good and bad omens, agricultural season, tribal and family origin, memory of ancestors, events in the country and abroad, etc.

Children are usually given names in honor of older relatives, famous lamas, Buddhist deities and saints, sometimes a new name is invented in connection with a specific situation. After the collapse of the Soviet system, the names of the khans of the Mongol Empire gained popularity.

Of particular note is the custom of co-naming twins. The birth of twin children among the Mongols is interpreted as a positive phenomenon, which is reflected in their indispensable co-naming: if both girls are Badraltsetseg (“Inspiration is a flower”), Orgiltsetseg (“Top is a flower”), if a boy and a girl are Unur (Rich) and Unurtsetseg (Rich Flower), etc.
Readers obviously noticed that there is no grammatical category of gender in personal names. In contrast to Russian, Mongolian female and male personal names differ only lexically.

PATRONICAL NAME, SURNAME

Until the beginning of the twentieth century, the name of a well-born Mongol consisted of three parts: family name, patronymic, personal name. Under socialism, family names were prohibited “to eradicate the feudal heritage,” and only patronymics and personal names were used, the latter being a person’s identifier. For example, the name of the astronaut Gurragcha (Zhugderdemidiin Gurragchaa) (mandatorily first the patronymic, which is a name in the genitive case, then the name) can be abbreviated as Zh. Gurragchaa, but not Zhugderdemidiin G.

Since 2000, surnames have come back into use in Mongolia; partly they represent former generic names, but people do not always take as a surname the generic name that their ancestors bore before the revolution; it may be forgotten, it may be absent due to simple origin. The most common among Mongols is that Mongols belong to the Borjigin clan (Mongolian Borzhgon), which is a source of pride, but as a surname it does not make an individual family unique. Many people invent surnames according to their occupation. Thus, the already mentioned cosmonaut Gurragcha took the surname Sansar (translated as “space”)

THE MOST COMMON MONGOLIAN NAMES

The most common names are Solongo, Bat-Erdene. Such people are often given middle names to make it more convenient.

S. Nyamtsetseg, specialist of the Main Directorate of Civil Registration: “These are the most common names and the shortest throughout the country. About 10 names are widely used in Mongolia. For example, 13,395 citizens with the name Bat-Erdene are registered.”

There are also 11,029 Otgonbayars and 10,536 Batbayars registered. The rating of the most popular female names was headed by Altantsetseg and Oyuunchimeg.

Materials used by Sh.NARANCHIMEG. SH.NARANTUJA.
"News of Mongolia" Ed. MONTSAME Agencies