Love lyrics Tyutchev is one of the pinnacle phenomena of world poetry. The central place in it is occupied by the study of the “dialectics of the soul”, complex and contradictory processes of the human psyche.
Researchers have identified a special cycle from Tyutchev, associated with his passion for E. A. Denisyeva and therefore called “Denisyevsky”. This is a kind of novel in verse, stunning in its courage of introspection, sincerity and psychological depth. Of course, you are more interested in poems about first love, but appreciate Tyutchev’s confessional poem, full of inner drama, called “Last Love”:
Oh, how in our declining years we love more tenderly and more superstitiously. Shine, shine, farewell light of the last love, the dawn of evening! Let the blood in the veins become scarce, But the tenderness in the heart does not become scarce. Oh you last love! You are both bliss and hopelessness.
Love, traditionally (according to “legend”) presented as a harmonious “union of the soul with the dear soul,” is perceived by Tyutchev in a completely different way: it is a “fatal duel” in which the death of a loving heart is inevitable, predetermined (“Predestination "):
And the more tender one of them is in the unequal struggle of two hearts, the more inevitable and sure, Loving, suffering, sadly melting, It will finally wear out...
The fatal impossibility of happiness depends not only on the “crowd” that rudely breaks into the sanctuary human soul, not only from the “immortal vulgarity of people,” but also from the tragic, fatal inequality of people in love.
The innovation of Tyutchev’s love lyrics lies in the fact that it is dialogical in nature: its structure is built on a combination of two levels, two voices, two consciousnesses are expressed in it: her And his. Wherein her the feeling turns out to be stronger, which predetermines the inevitable death of a deeply loving woman, her fatal defeat. “Tyutchevsky man” feels his inability to answer her in the same way strong feeling.Material from the site
Around the same time (50s), Nekrasov created his love lyrics, in which the image of a woman was also highlighted. Thus, in the work of two great poets, the image of another person, another “I”, appears independently of each other, giving love lyrics the character not of a monologue (as is most often the case in poetry of the first half of the 19th century), but of dialogue. Instead of a form of confession, a dramatic scene often appears, conveying a conflict clash caused by complex psychological collisions.
Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev was a contradictory person. He always felt very painfully his own duality, a soul split in half. This personality trait manifested itself especially clearly in love lyrics.
The novel between Tyutchev and Elena Denisyeva became the basis for many of the poet’s poems. They contain a confession of love. Later, critics separated these works into a separate cycle, which they called “Denisievsky”.
Love appears to us here in its tragic essence. This is “suicide”, “bliss and hopelessness”, “fatal duel”. As love develops, the happiness of peace disappears and suffering begins:
Don’t say: he loves me as before,
As before, he values me...
Oh no! He is inhumanly ruining my life,
At least I see the knife in his hand is shaking.
Relationships between lovers are complex, feelings are extremely contradictory. They cannot live without each other, but it is very difficult for them to be together. Shocked by this contradiction, the hero exclaims:
Oh, how murderously we love,
As in the violent blindness of passions
We are most likely to destroy,
What is dear to our hearts!
The whole problem with man is that he cannot resist passion. Love is an element similar to sea or fire. It can neither be prevented nor stopped. Therefore, Tyutchev sometimes portrays passion as a real disaster:
He measures the air for me so carefully and sparingly...
They don’t measure this against a fierce enemy...
Oh, I’m still breathing painfully and difficultly,
I can breathe, but I can’t live.
Such passion is death for a person. But the most terrible thing, as the poet writes, is to see the torment of a beloved woman, which is always stronger than her own. Tyutchev notes with pain:
How long ago, proud of my victory,
You said: she is mine...
A year has not passed - ask and find out,
What was left of her?
The poet condemns himself. He is to blame for a lot of things. For fourteen years Tyutchev led double life, without leaving either his wife or girlfriend. Secular society cruelly interfered in their relationship with Denisyeva, insulting and defaming the poor woman in every possible way. The poet's beloved suffered greatly. Here's how he writes about it:
Fate's terrible sentence
Your love was for her
And undeserved shame
She laid down her life!
Of course, it was not only suffering that passion brought to lovers. There were moments of true happiness and bliss in their lives. This is what the poet says about his feelings in the poem “Last Love”:
Oh, how in our declining years
We love more tenderly and more superstitiously...
Shine, shine, farewell light
Last love, dawn of evening!
However, there were much more dramatic moments in the relationship between Tyutchev and Deniseva. Here, for example, is this episode:
She was sitting on the floor
And I sorted through a pile of letters -
And, like cooled ash,
She took them in her hands and threw them...
The poet likens love letters to the ashes of burnt-out passion. The lyrical heroine of the poem is in a strange state. It probably seems to her that everything that happened in the past did not happen to her:
I took familiar sheets
And she looked at them so wonderfully -
How souls look from above
The body thrown on them...
The hero is sad to see her like this. But he is unable to change the situation, so he is forced to watch his beloved, expressing only spiritual sympathy and noting to himself:
Oh, how much life there was here,
Irreversibly experienced!
Oh, how many sad moments
Love and joy killed!..
The split epithet in this stanza asserts the inevitability of a breakup between lovers, but it was not the loss of feeling that separated them, but the death of Elena Denisyeva from consumption. Remembering her last hours, Tyutchev creates one of the most mournful poems in the cycle:
All day she lay in oblivion,
And all of it was already covered with shadows.
The warm summer rain was pouring - its streams
The leaves sounded cheerful.
The life of nature continues, it is so beautiful, but the poet’s beloved inevitably fades away. We feel incredibly sorry for her, but we sympathize more with the lyrical hero, who has yet to survive the death of his beloved:
And so, as if talking to myself,
She spoke consciously
(I was with her, killed but alive):
“Oh, how I loved all this!”
The final line is the culmination of the poem. This last confession in love for the world and for to a loved one. "Oh my God! – the hero exclaims, “and survive this... And my heart didn’t break into pieces”...
Tyutchev's love lyrics are stunning with their psychological depth and expressiveness. female image endowed with individual characteristics.
Tyutcheva is original, emotional, full of deep thoughts and vivid images. The poet is a passionate, enthusiastic person with a “hot” heart. The theme of love could not help but be reflected in it.
In 1836, he created one of the best love poems: “I love your eyes, my friend...” This is a declaration of love, love... to the eyes.
The eyes of the beloved have always been sung by poets. And the lyrical hero in Tyutchev’s poem directly says: “I love your eyes, my friend...” is clearly divided into two parts. The first describes the sparkling eyes of the beloved. They are compared to “lightning from heaven.”
The metaphor also conveys feelings of delight and passionate admiration. The eyes are captivated by the “fiery and wonderful play.” The conjunction “but” not only divides the poem into two parts. It helps create contrast.
The lyrical hero is unconscious from the beautiful gaze, but for him “stronger than charm” are “eyes cast down on his face.” “Lowered eyelashes” in “a moment of passionate kissing” - such beautiful picture the poet draws. In the following lines, the metaphor “the gloomy fire of desire” is “alarming.” It is quite difficult to decipher. It is necessary to remember the circumstances under which the poem was created. Personal life The poet's life was stormy, his love for many turned out to be a fatal, destructive force.
According to Tyutchev, love is not only one of the deepest pleasures in life, but also a source of suffering. The relationship with the poet brought the woman both torment and torment. Therefore, the epithet “gloomy” accurately conveys the idea of the dual nature of love.
This feeling in the poet’s poems is almost always a destructive passion. He persistently repeats the epithet “fatal”: “fatal meeting”, “fatal merger”, “fatal duel”, “fatal passion”, “fatal gaze like suffering”. In the poem, part of the famous “Denisyev cycle,” love is called “murderous.” It is in the poems dedicated to Elena Alexandrovna Denisyeva that the poet’s “blissfully fatal” love is revealed. The poem “Oh, how murderously we love...
"Written in the first half of 1851. The technique of a ring composition reinforces the idea of the murderous power of love. The frame of two identical stanzas resembles a mourning frame; in the words of the poet there is a terrible prediction - about the death of a loved one. Inside a kind of tragic frame is a story about the consequences of the “violent blindness of passions.”
The lines that create the frame have become an aphorism. They exist outside the poem, because they contain a deep, sorrowful thought, and it is expressed with incredible power: Oh, how murderously we love, How in the violent blindness of passions We most certainly destroy that which is dear to our hearts! Exclamation mark at the end of the stanza is not only a means of expressing expression, it also indicates the inevitability of the death of deep, selfless, passionate love. The lyrical hero suffers incredibly, because All Soch. RU 2005 he became an executioner for the woman he loved. Rhetorical questions and exclamations - bright artistic medium, capable of conveying the strongest changes that happened to a woman who dared to love like that!
Where did the roses go, the smile of the lips and the sparkle of the eyes? The words “mouth”, “lanits”, “eyes”, “ashes”, the compound adjective “infant-living laughter” carry a solemn and bookish connotation, giving sublimity to the image of the beloved. The lyrical hero admires the beauty of a woman and the power of her passion. Rhetorical exclamation “Life of renunciation, life of suffering!
"contains the idea of fatal fate women. These lines also became famous; they contain a deep, general meaning. Also in the poem, Tyutchev uses his favorite technique of opposition. On the one side, - bright personality, capable of deep feeling, and on the other hand, a “crowd” that “tramples” beautiful emotional movements. “Crowd” - light, public opinion.
It is the “crowd” that pronounces a “terrible sentence”, invades the sacred, brands it with “undeserved shame” and condemns a person to “long torment”. The repetition of the word “pain” defines the state of the beloved woman from which she can no longer get out: Pain, the evil pain of bitterness, Pain without joy and without tears! The lyrical hero experiences an unabating sense of guilt in front of his beloved for their “fatal meeting”, for the fact that he unwittingly became an executioner, a blind instrument of fate. Dramatic love in this work became not only a reflection privacy Tyutcheva. The poetic gift of the lyricist expanded the boundaries of the love story.
Subtle psychologism and strong thoughts made this poem a treasure inner life every reader. IN last years life in Tyutchev's lyrics affirms the idea that love, even tragic, is a symbol of genuine human existence. Life is unthinkable without love. In 1870, the poet wrote the poem “I met you - and all the past...
“The genre is elegy. Tyutchev recreates the former love atmosphere, when the hero was young, when both were full of health, when spring filled their souls. In the poem, Tyutchev uses famous images from Pushkin’s masterpiece “I Remember wonderful moment…
": "enthusiasm", "cute features." Both works are united by the motif of memory and the motif of rebirth. A reference to Pushkin is a return to the truly beautiful and eternal.
For Pushkin, love is a source of inspiration, undying bliss, and for Tyutchev it is “golden time,” also the best thing a person can experience. And, like Pushkin, such is the power of love that it can awaken even an “obsolete heart”: As if after a century of separation, I look at you as if in a dream, - And now the sounds have become more audible. Not silent in me... The memory disappeared, instead of it the poet felt the former fullness of life, the former flowering of full-blooded and deep feelings.
Life has become equal to love or love has become equal life. They merged, and this state means the fullness of existence: And the same charm is in you, And the same love is in my soul!.. The confession poem ends keyword"Love". According to Tyutchev, only love can one be saved in “deep old age”; only love lies the meaning of human existence. In Tyutchev's love lyrics one can trace Difficult life hearts.
A. I. Georgievsky said very accurately about the poet: “Yes, he knew how to love, as people rarely love these days, and, like rarely anyone, he knew how to express his feelings...”
Need a cheat sheet? Then save - "The theme of love in the lyrics of F.I. Tyutchev. Literary essays!Love in the lyrics of F. I. Tyutchev
1. Fatal duel of souls.
2. Sizzling feeling.
3. Consequences of love.
The lyrics of F.I. Tyutchev are considered philosophical and they reflect in it pressing problems, which in their description acquire an existential sound. Researchers note that many of his poems are filled with drama. A similar tone is preserved in love lyrics. In his mature years, critics note, he “without ceasing to be a poet of thought... is increasingly looking for ways to express feelings.” The poet’s focus is on deep experiences and moods. Only their diverse manifestation, dissolved in Tyutchev’s poems, helps us understand all the shades of love feelings in his lyrics.
Unwittingly or accidentally, sadness invades his poems and begins to dictate its rights. The lyrical hero suffers and is sad. Although at the same time his poems are not alien to delight. “Attraction, lurking somewhere in the depths of the soul, breaks through with an explosion of passion,” wrote critics L. N. Kuzina and K. V. Pigarev. And passion is possible only with deep and true love. She opens loving hearts inexhaustible and Magic world. But this bright feeling gradually turns into a “fatal duel.” The union of souls turns out to be a struggle. “Love, love - says the legend - / The union of the soul with the dear soul / Their union, combination, / And their fatal merging. / And the fatal duel...” (“Predestination”). The duel that is born in loving souls, has negative consequences. After all, a tender and vulnerable heart begins to wither over time from such treatment. And then it may well die: “And the more tender one of them is... / The more inevitable and truer, / Loving, suffering, sadly melting, / It will finally wear out...”
Love in Tyutchev's lyrics sparkled with new facets. She illuminated new shades of this beautiful and unearthly feeling. And sometimes it seems that love cannot be the last, because it lurks in the heart of every person. But not everyone can find the path to it. “Let the blood in the veins become scarce, / But the tenderness in the heart does not become scarce... / O you, last love! / You are both bliss and hopelessness” (“Last Love”).
Not only in these two poems, but also in many others, there is some kind of doom and hopelessness. love feeling, perhaps, like human existence, Certainly. The poet often writes about this in his philosophical poems.
Perhaps the shade of such a mood in the poems is a consequence of the poet’s mental trauma. The death of his first wife deeply shocked Tyutchev. Eleanor's poor health could not stand it, as it was undermined by the terrible night she experienced on the ship, where a fire broke out. And not only in poetry, again and again the poet turns to his tragedy. “It was the most terrible day of my life,” the poet wrote on the fifth anniversary of Eleanor’s death, “and if it weren’t for you, it would probably have been my last day.” This sweet image remains forever in his memory, although it constantly eludes him. And it seems that the beloved has turned into a star, which will always, if not warm, then at least light the way. “Your sweet image, unforgettable, / It is before me everywhere, always, / Unattainable, unchanging, / Like a star in the sky at night.”
But there is probably too much love in the poet’s heart. And he pours it out in new poetic lines. This time the reason was new image- second wife of Ernestine Dörnberg. “December 1, 1837” is one of the few poems dedicated to Ernestine. And even in this poem, the lyrical hero states that everything that happened has incinerated the soul of his beloved. And it turns out that the lyrical hero only destroys the heroine with his love. His love does not bring her any happiness. “Forgive everything with which your heart lived, / That, having killed your life, it was incinerated / In your tormented chest!...” But even such burning love will leave a memory of itself for many years. And the poetic picture that the lyrical hero paints cannot be warmed at all by the eternal cold shine and pale roses. They are lifeless, just like one of the heroes is “lifeless”. Sometimes it seems that only the fair half truly loves. Therefore, she suffers the most from her crazy feelings.
This is most clearly manifested in poems dedicated to another of Tyutchev’s lovers, E. A. Denisyeva. The poet transfers the right to the heroine herself to speak out in poetic lines (“Don’t say: he loves me as before...”). The work is filled with contradictions. The lyrical heroine convinces everyone that he loves her as before. But sometimes one gets the impression that she is trying to convince herself, not others, of this, since she herself understands the hopelessness of her situation. But hope, fueled by the fire of love, still remains: “Oh no! He is inhumanly destroying my life, / Even though I see the knife in his hand trembling.” She simply cannot live without him. It is in him and only in him that she still lives. Even if the fatal duel is not mentioned in this poem, it still seems to be present behind the scenes. But here there is a struggle between two souls. The duel goes deep into the heart of the heroine herself. And perhaps there will be no winners here, since the soul will have to split into pieces. The duel in this poem retains only its breath, since life simply no longer exists. “Oh, I’m still breathing painfully and difficultly, / I can breathe, but I can’t live.”
The poet himself realizes that his love brings only grief and unhappiness to a loving, tender and vulnerable heart. No wonder the poet compares it to murder. “Oh, how murderously we love...” he exclaims in the poem of the same name. And here it is not the duel that is presented, but the result of this action. And it has a bad effect on the image of the beloved. “Where did the roses go, / The smile of the lips and the sparkle of the eyes? / They scorched everything, burned out their tears / With their flammable moisture.” And of the beloved image, only “memories” remained, which also changed over time.
Another integral component appears in this poem - the crowd. She actively interferes in the relationship, but this only ruins her feeling: “The crowd, rushing into the mud, trampled / What was blooming in her soul.” He could not protect her from the “invasion.” Perhaps that is why there is so much sadness and bitterness in these lines.
Love in Tyutchev's lyrics, like a diamond, has many facets, and all of them are filled with their own unique shade. Love is always a duel, a struggle. And this situation mainly destroys the heart of the vulnerable beloved. However, she never doubts his love. Although, when you love, you wish your beloved happiness and prosperity, and not the torment that we see in poems.
Many of Tyutchev's works about love have shades of sadness and sadness. And we note that there is absolutely no nature in them, which, as a rule, becomes a reflection of the emotional unrest of the heroes. However, this is completely unimportant. Tyutchev's skill lies in merely verbally expressing all the vibrations of the souls of lovers. Exclamations and ellipses create certain intonations. And we, reading these lines, seem to be witnessing a fatal duel.
2. Sizzling feeling.
Composition
F. I. Tyutchev entered the history of Russian poetry, first of all, as an author philosophical lyrics, but he also wrote a number of wonderful works on the theme of love. The poet's love and philosophical poems are connected by commonality lyrical hero, cross-cutting motifs, they are related by the intense drama of sound.
If in his philosophical poems the poet appears as a thinker, then in love lyrics he reveals himself as a psychologist and a sharp lyricist. Many of his poems about love have an autobiographical imprint.
Tyutchev was an enthusiastic, passionate person. Tyutchev's first serious passion was Amalia Lerchenfeld, whom he met in Munich in 1825. The poems “I Remember the Golden Time...” (1836) and “I Met You - and All the Past...” (1870) are dedicated to her. “Beautiful Amalia” married Tyutchev’s colleague, and a year later the poet fell passionately in love with Eleanor Peterson and entered into a marriage with her, which lasted until 1838, when she died. According to the testimony of those who knew the poet, he turned gray in a few hours after spending the night at his wife’s coffin. However, a year later Tyutchev married the beautiful Ernestina Derpberg.
Until the early 1850s, Tyutchev portrayed love mainly as a passion: “I love your eyes, my friend...” (1836); “With what bliss, with what longing in love...” (1837); “I am still tormented by the anguish of desires...” (1848). The poet not only conveys the shades of his own experiences, but also describes emotional condition beloved:
Suddenly, from an excess of feelings, from the fullness of the heart,
All trembling, all in tears, you fell
prostrate...
Tyutchev could be merciless and sober in his assessment of women:
You love, you know how to pretend, -
When, in a crowd, stealthily from people,
My foot touches yours -
You give me the answer and don’t blush!
If sincere, selfless female love illuminates life, “like a star in the sky,” then false and feigned love is destructive:
And there is no feeling in your eyes,
And there is no truth in your speeches,
And there is no soul in you.
Take courage, heart, to the end:
And there is no Creator in creation!
And there is no point in praying!
In the elegy “I sit, thoughtful and alone...” (1836), the poet laments the impossibility of reviving a faded feeling; turning to the image of his girlfriend with words of regret, guilt, sympathy, HE resorts to the romantic metaphor of a plucked flower:
...But you, my poor, pale color,
There is no rebirth for you,
You won't bloom!
The motifs of the transience of happiness, the perniciousness of love, and guilt before the woman one loves are especially characteristic of the poems from the so-called “Denisevsky cycle” (“In separation there is a high meaning...”, 1851; “Don’t say: he loves me, as before...” .”, 1851 or 1852; “She was sitting on the floor...”, 1858; “All day she lay in oblivion...”, 1864, and others).
Tyutchev became interested in E. A. Denisieva in 1850. This late, last passion continued until 1864, when the poet’s girlfriend died of consumption. For the sake of the woman he loves, Tyutchev almost breaks with his family, neglects the displeasure of the court, and forever ruins his very successful career. However, the brunt of public condemnation fell on Denisyeva: her father disowned her, and her network was forced to leave her position as inspector of the Smolny Institute, where Tyutchev’s two daughters studied.
These circumstances explain why most of the poems of the “Denisevsky cycle” are marked by a tragic sound, such as this:
Oh, how murderously we love,
As in the violent blindness of passions
We are most likely to destroy,
What is dear to our hearts!
How long ago, proud of my victory,
You said: she is mine...
A year has not passed - ask and find out,
What was left of her?
In the poem “Predestination” (1851), love is conceptualized as a “fatal duel” in the unequal struggle of “two hearts,” and in “Twins” (1852) - as a disastrous temptation, akin to the temptation of death:
And who is in excess of sensations,
When the blood boils and freezes,
I didn’t know your temptations -
Suicide and Love!
Until the end of his days, Tyutchev retained the ability to revere the “unsolved mystery” of female charm - in one of his later love poems he writes:
Is there an earthly charm in her,
Or unearthly grace?
My soul would like to pray to her,
And my heart is eager to adore...
Tyutchev's love lyrics, represented by a relatively small number of works ( creative heritage the poet is generally small in volume) - a unique phenomenon in Russian literature. In terms of the depth of psychologism, many of his poems are comparable to the novels of F. M. Dostoevsky - by the way, who highly valued the poet’s work.
