When and where was Steve Jobs born? Childhood, family of the inventor

Steve Jobs, the founder of the world's most valuable company, Apple and an icon of the modern techno-revolution, died on Wednesday, October 5, after a serious long-term illness.

Steve Jobs, the founder of the world's most valuable company, Apple and an icon of the modern techno-revolution, died on Wednesday, October 5, after a serious long-term illness.

"Apple has lost a visionary and a creative genius, and the world has lost incredible person. Those of us fortunate enough to know and work with Steve have lost a dear friend and inspiring mentor. Steve left behind a company that only he could build, and his spirit will forever be the foundation of Apple."- says the company's official statement.

Stephen Paul Jobs

Born February 24, 1955 in San Francisco (California). His biological parents, Syrian graduate student Abdulfattah Jandali and US graduate student Joan Simpson, gave him up for adoption. His adoptive parents were Paul and Clara Jobs (née Hakobyan), who gave him the name Steven Paul.

Studied at Cupertino High School and high school Homestead in Cupertino. After classes, Steve attended lectures at Hewlett-Packard in Palo Alto, California, where he was soon hired temporarily along with Steve Wozniak as a summer employee. In 1972, Jobs graduated from high school and entered Reed College in Portland (Oregon), from where he dropped out after the first semester, continuing to take some classes (for example, calligraphy).

In the fall of 1974, Jobs returned to California, where he and Wozniak began attending meetings of an amateur computer club. Jobs then took a job as a technician at a manufacturing company. computer games Atari to earn money for spiritual retreat in India.

In India, Jobs, along with his friend Daniel Kottke, visited the ashram of the popular guru Neem Karoli Baba and returned to the United States as a devout Buddhist. Jobs is known to have experimented with psychedelics during this time, calling his experience with LSD "one of the 2 or 3 most important things I've ever done in my life."

In 1976, Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne founded Apple, which was then joined by Intel product marketing manager and engineer Mike Markkula and PepsiCo's John Sculley. In 1984, an emotional Jobs introduced the Macintosh, which became the first commercially successful personal computer with a graphical user interface.
At the end of May 1985, after a period of declining sales and internal power struggles within the company, Apple CEO J. Sculley fired Jobs as head of the Macintosh division.

Another brainchild of Jobs was the NeXT Computer company, which produced NeXT workstations. The development was rejected by the market as too expensive, but used a number of advanced solutions at the time: an object-oriented software development system, a Mach core, a digital signal processor chip and a built-in Ethernet port.
NeXTcube was developed as an example of an "interpersonal computer" focused on interaction between people, and the innovative system Email NeXTMail already supported interactive graphics and audio in letters.

In 1986, Jobs bought The Graphics Group from Lucasfilm's computer graphics division for $10 million. The studio, which took the name Pixar, initially focused on developing high-end graphics hardware. After several years of unprofitable operation, Pixar Image Computer enters into a contract with Disney to produce computer animated films.

The very first joint work - Toy Story, released in 1995 - brought profit and fame to the studio, and also changed the standards of modern animation. Over the next 15 years, under the leadership of creative director John Lasseter, the company produced 10 animated blockbusters, six of which received Oscars for best animated feature.

In 1996, Apple bought NeXT for $429 million, and Jobs returned to the company he founded. He was officially appointed interim CEO in September 1997, declaring himself permanent CEO only in 2000.
The changes at the company were driven by NeXT developments (including the NeXTSTEP operating system, which became Mac OS X), attractive design and aggressive marketing.
With the introduction of the iPod portable music player, the iTunes digital music application and the iTunes Store, the company entered the consumer electronics and music distribution market. In 2007, Apple revolutionized the cell phone market with the introduction of the touchscreen iPhone.

Jobs is listed as the primary inventor or co-inventor on more than 230 awarded patents or patent applications - from actual computers and portable devices to user interfaces (including touchscreens), speakers, keyboards, power adapters, ladders, fasteners, sleeves, belts and packages.

In mid-2004, Jobs announced to his employees that he had been diagnosed with a malignant tumor in his pancreas. In July 2004, Jobs underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy ("Whipple procedure"), as a result of which the tumor was successfully removed. After a period of recovery, he returned to running the company.

In April 2009, Jobs underwent a liver transplant at the University of Tennessee Methodist Hospital in Memphis. Jobs has been on sick leave since January 2011. In August 2011, he left his position as CEO of Apple, but remained at the company as chairman of the board of directors. On March 2, Jobs spoke at the launch of the iPad 2, on June 6 he introduced iCloud at the Worldwide Developers Conference, and on June 7 he spoke to the Cupertino City Council.

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During his lifetime, his name became a household name, and after the untimely death of Steve Jobs, the biography of this genius became a tasty morsel for screenwriters: two full-length films have already been made about him. Moreover, the title role in Danny Boyle’s biopic “Steve Jobs” brought Michael Fassbender an Oscar nomination. However, we are not talking about cinema at all! Outline detailed biography It is very difficult to talk about Steve Jobs in one article, so we will highlight the main milestones in the life of this iconic person.

Biography of Steve Jobs

Unwanted child

From the very first days of his life, Steve was “not like everyone else.” It was the fruit of the passion of a graduate student at the University of Wisconsin with German roots, Joanna Schieble, and a Syrian, Abdulfattah Jandali, who worked at the department. Catholic Joan was unable to have an abortion, just as she was unable to keep the child: her parents were categorically against it. Much later (31 years later), Steve, who suffered from the fact that his mother abandoned him, found his biological family and maintained contact with his relatives.

In the meantime, the baby, born on February 24, 1955, was adopted by a childless Jobs family. Californians Paul and his wife (Armenian by nationality) Clara named the boy Stephen Paul. They were quite simple people - a mechanic and an accountant, but Steve grew up as a young inventor. He didn’t get along very well with his peers, but he was on friendly terms with technology.

Fateful acquaintance

One day, while carrying out an assignment for a research group organized by the Hewlett-Packard company, Jobs realized that there were not enough parts for his frequency counter. Without thinking for a long time, he called the head of the company, William Hewlett - not at work, but at home. He was imbued with the perseverance and intelligence of a 13-year-old teenager, shared the necessary details and invited him to work at Hewlett-Packard during the holidays. Happened there fateful meeting- with an older guy, Stephen Wozniak, Jobs' future companion.

Steve didn’t have a good time studying in college - after the first semester, he left Reed College (it was too expensive for his parents to pay for him, and Jobs decided not to strain them). But during this semester, Steve managed to make friends with some students, switched to a vegetarian diet and became interested in Eastern philosophy. He stayed with his friends in Portland for almost whole year, doing odd jobs.

The biography of Steve Jobs continued in the Atari company: by that time he had returned to his native California, it was necessary to decide on a profession. The work of a technician did not really appeal to him, so he took a break for the sake of a pilgrimage to India. It was a time of experimentation - Jobs took stimulants (including LSD), did therapeutic fasting, and became a hippie. After a seven-month journey, he found himself back at Atari.

During this period there is a funny story that surfaced after Jobs gained worldwide fame. He involved his friend Wozniak in one of the Atari projects: it was necessary to minimize the number of chips on the board for a video game, and a bonus was awarded for savings. Wozniak met 44 chips and received half the payment - $350. Years later, it turned out that Steve had deceived his partner - in fact, he was paid not $700, but $5,000 (each part cost $100).

Own business: ambitious partners without a penny

Jobs soon said goodbye to old job– Wozniak persuaded a friend to start creating homemade computers to sell (Stephen had already made one for himself). They started with printed circuit boards and then moved into PC assembly. In 1976, the two Steves, taking engineer Ronald Wayne as their third partner, registered the company Apple Computer Co. The starting capital was $1,300 (Jobs donated a minibus, and Wozniak donated a programmable calculator). However, Wayne soon left the company.

The name (both for the company and for the computers) “Apple” was suggested by Steve, probably due to the fact that he had recently lived in a hippie commune, worked there as an apple picker and was on an apple diet. The friends' first customer was a small electronics store. For the trial batch (50 computers at $666.66 per unit), they took out components on credit. Soon the order was ready. Also in 1976, a computer for mass production was born.

Young millionaire

When Wozniak designed the “Apple II” model, a logo was developed and an advertising campaign was agreed upon for the new product, which the partners sold in an unprecedented “circulation”: 5 million. Thus, 25-year-old Jobs became rich (his fortune exceeded a million dollars).

The next stage of the corporation was the invention of a computer with an interface in which commands were given by a cursor. A model was in development, named after Jobs' daughter "Lisa". But friction arose in the company, and as a result, Steve became the head of another project - Macintosh, which later became a very popular PC in the electronics market. At the same time, Jobs managed to lure talented marketer John Sculley from Pepsi-Cola Corporation. He eventually headed Apple, but they never worked out with Steve. This was the reason Jobs left the company. Following him, in 1985, Wozniak left Apple.

Head of an animation studio

Jobs, of course, found something to his liking: first he organized the NeXT corporation (it produced hardware), and then, in 1986, he headed the Pixar studio, a pioneer of computer animation (its founder in the late 1970s was George Lucas). The studio cost Jobs $5 million: Lucas was in a difficult situation (he was divorcing his wife) and needed money. It was at this studio that the cult Toy Story franchise, the animated masterpieces Monsters, Inc., Finding Nemo and others were born. The box office receipts for these films were simply insane.

Latest successful projects

Ten years later, Steve sold Pixar to the Walt Disney Company, but retained his seat on the board of directors. At that time, he already held the post of executive director of Apple: the “prodigal son” (no, rather the founding father) was back!

He was always a genius of presentation - an excellent speaker who could win over any, even the most distrustful, audience to his side. So in 2001, Steve himself held a presentation of the IPOD player, the mass production of which brought sky-high profits. In 2007, a similar revolution was made by the iPhone mobile phone.

Personal life of Steve Jobs

Stormy romances: from hippies to respectable businessman

Steve's first strong passion was a free-spirited girl, Chris Ann Brennan, with whom he ran away from his parents before graduating from school and spent some time hipping in the mountains. He was only 17 years old then. The affair lasted several years, and in 1978, Brennan gave birth to a child from Jobs, Lisa.

For a long time he did not want to admit paternity - they say that Chris dated other guys. And only years later, after a DNA test, he began to communicate with his daughter.

When Apple Computer Co.'s business took off, Steve Jobs's personal life also changed. He had to live up to the image of a businessman, so the hippie period was over. He became close to the beautiful advertising woman Barbara Jasinski. An organized life, an elegant mansion - all this lasted until 1982.

A brief affair with Joan Baez flattered Steve. The ex-lover of Bob Dylan, herself a famous country singer, she was 14 years older than Jobs and raised a son.

The relationship between Steve and another IT worker, Tina Redse, lasted almost four years. He considered the girl the most beautiful on earth and called her the first true love. True, the obstinate Tina refused the marriage proposal that followed in 1989, and Steve backed down.

20 year marriage and three children

Steve was married only once. He met bank employee Lauren Powell in the fall of 1989 - she healed the wounds inflicted by Tina. At first next year The engagement took place, but then Steve became too carried away with new projects, and Lauren, unable to bear it, left. The disagreement was short-lived - a month later the groom gave the bride a ring, then they spent a vacation in Hawaii. And on March 18, 1991, a wedding ceremony, conducted by a Soto Zen monk.

Lauren radically changed the personal life of Steve Jobs, became his “guiding star” and gave birth to three children in marriage: the eldest Reed (in the fall of 1991) and daughters Erin (in 1995) and Eve (in 1998). Jobs had no time for his offspring - he remained full of ideas until the end and brought them to life. Although he loved to talk with his son, and he considered Yves a worthy successor.

He struggled with pancreatic cancer for a very long time; the cancer was discovered in the fall of 2003. Steve delayed the operation and resorted to unconventional treatment. If not for this, the untimely end probably could have been avoided. But cancer still won - the IT genius, who adored worn jeans and black turtlenecks, passed away on October 5, 2011.

Steven Paul Jobs from San Francisco, California, was born on February 24, 1955. He was an American inventor, entrepreneur and industrial designer. And also one of the founders, chairman of the board of directors and CEO of Apple Corporation. A very famous person.

Steve Jobs. History of success

Steve Jobs' childhood

Steve Jobs' parents were unmarried students. His father is from Syria, and his mother is a German emigrant. Steve's mother studied at the university where his father worked as a teaching assistant. The relatives of the girl, who was only 23 years old, were against their relationship and threatened to deprive her of her inheritance. The young student was forced to go to give birth to a private doctor in San Francisco and give the child up for adoption.
Paul Jobs and an Armenian-American woman adopted the boy because they could not have children of their own. They named their adopted son Stephen Paul. Stephen's biological mother wanted her son to grow up in a family with higher education. The adoptive parents gave her a written agreement that they would pay for the boy’s education. Jobs always considered his adoptive parents father and mother. It irritated him when someone called them adopted. The biological parents did not know anything about the whereabouts of the child.
Steve's adoptive father worked for a financial company. He was an auto mechanic who repaired old cars in his garage to sell. His desire was to instill in the boy a love of auto mechanics. But this activity was not for Steve. Through cars he became acquainted with the basics of electronics, which he found very interesting.

School

Steve didn't like school. The way Steve Jobs studied at school was interesting. Except for one teacher who saw his abilities, all the teachers considered him a prankster. She found an approach to him and rewarded him for good studies, stimulating his learning. As a result, Steve began to study well without help, and passed all exams perfectly, so much so that the director offered to transfer him from the fourth grade directly to the seventh! Steve was enrolled in sixth grade.
Steve talked to an engineer who brought him into a company's research club. There he saw a personal computer, which he was impressed by. In this club, each participant worked on their own project. Steve decided to build a digital frequency meter. But to implement his project, he needed details. Then Jobs, who was only 13 years old, called the head of this company at home. So he got the necessary parts and work on the assembly line, which aroused the envy of his rivals. Steve also delivered newspapers and worked in the warehouse of an electronics store. At the age of 15 he already had his own car. A year later he traded it for a better one. Steve started hanging out with hippies, listening to Bob Dylan and The Beatles, smoke marijuana and use LSD.
A friend and classmate of Jobs introduced him to Stephen Wozniak, who was interested in computers. In 1969, Woz and a friend began assembling a small computer and showed it to Jobs, who was very interested. Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak became best friends.
Jobs implemented his very first business project while still in school. After it, Steve realized that electronics was a good income. He carried out this project together with Stephen Wozniak. After which they collaborated a lot more.

Reed College

In 1972, Steve Jobs graduated from high school and left his parents' home, despite his parents' objections. That same year, Steve entered Reed College, a private university, the most expensive in America. His parents found it difficult to pay for his education. But Steve wanted to study there, despite the fact that he dropped out after half a year. This college was full of free morals and a hippie atmosphere, and the standards of education were high and with a rich curriculum. But to Steve she seemed boring and uninteresting. There Jobs first became seriously interested in one of the eastern spiritual practices - Zen Buddhism. He became a vegetarian and began to fast.
He was expelled, but he could attend classes that seemed interesting to him for free for another year. One of them was calligraphy courses.
Jobs led a bohemian lifestyle, despite the fact that he sometimes slept on friends' floors and ate free meals once a week at the Hare Krishna temple.

Working at Atari

In 1974, Jobs got a job as a technician at the young company Atari. There he finalized the games and made design suggestions. But for his arrogance and unkempt appearance, they disliked him. But the founder and head of this company liked him, who transferred him to work on the night shift in order to save him workplace.
That same year, Jobs traveled to India in search of spiritual enlightenment. His family knew that he went on this trip to numb the pain of being abandoned immediately after birth. Having learned about his real parents, Steve hoped to understand something very important about himself and his place in life. Upon returning, Jobs found himself a spiritual mentor. He stayed in India for 7 months and arrived very thin, tanned, with a shaved head and wearing Indian clothes. Also during this time, Jobs experimented with psychedelics.
"Homemade Computer Club"
On March 5, 1975, a meeting of the Homemade Computer Club was held. Steve Wozniak was there, for whom the club became a second home. After the first meeting, he began designing the machine, which was later called the Apple I. Wozniak received his first unique result: displaying characters typed on the keyboard on the screen. Woz showed this to Steve Jobs, who was greatly impressed.
Jobs also began visiting the club. More precisely, he was at several meetings and was able to get the best, expensive and very scarce spare parts for Wozniak’s computer for free.

Creation of Apple

The history of the creation of Apple began with Jobs immediately starting a conversation about the commercial potential of this invention. He convinced Woz to stop handing out computer blueprints to everyone, despite the fact that the club was not used to hiding the exchange of ideas. He also drew attention to the fact that club members are working on drawings without bringing their projects to working condition. Jobs suggested that Woz sell ready-made printed circuit boards at the club and take on the most difficult part of the work, deciding to sell them at twice the price.
For the required amount, he sold his minibus, and Wozniak sold one of his main assets - a programmable calculator. Jobs used this money to pay an Atari employee he knew to create the circuit. printed circuit board, so that later it can be put into mass production. They received the first batch of boards.
He took one of his friends, who was well versed in documents, to his team, in case of disagreements with Wozniak.
All that remains is to register the company. We had to come up with a name. Jobs had just returned from a farm where he had been pruning apple trees and eating an apple diet. He became a fruitarian, considered it sufficient to wash no more than once a week, and returned home absolutely happy. Woz met him at the airport. On the way home, they were choosing a name for the future company, because in the morning they had to submit documents for its registration. Jobs came up with "Apple Computer" and said that if nothing was offered by morning better name will remain. And so it became.
The company was registered on April 1, 1976. Wayne drafted the partnership agreement, wrote the first manual for the Apple I and created the logo. After 12 days, Wayne realized that the tasks of his two comrades were beyond his strength, and left the company, taking his share.

Together with a friend, Steve developed one of the first personal computers, which had great commercial potential.
At a meeting of the Homemade Computer Club, Jobs and Wozniak presented their computer. Steve Jobs spoke with passion and conviction, but only one person became interested in computers—the owner of a computer store. The next day, Jobs came to his store and made a deal, because he ordered 50 pieces at once.
They were housed in the Jobs' home and garage. Work began, Steve attracted almost everyone. During this work, Jobs first showed himself as a tough, authoritarian leader. He made an exception only for Woz, never raising his voice to him.

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A month later the order was ready. The Apple I came with fully assembled motherboards. The Apple I is recognized as the first computer in history to be supplied ready-made, as other computers appeared on the market as kits. Later they managed to sell more than a hundred more Apple I computers.

The Apple II computer became the company's first mass-produced product.
The Apple I contained almost no electronic innovations. While working on it, Wozniak came up with ideas that he later implemented in a separate model. Apple's new product had many revolutionary features.
Due to the reorientation of the business towards the mass consumer, the first serious disagreements arose between Jobs and Wozniak.
Jobs concluded that device design matters a lot.
He realized that they couldn’t afford to produce computers with plastic casings and original designs. He decided to sell the rights to the entire development to Atari. There was a meeting with the director. But nothing came of it, because Steve smelled so bad that the director was sick. In addition, Jobs threw his bare feet right onto the table and he threw him out the door with a scream.
Then Jobs held a presentation of the Apple II. He behaved so arrogantly and self-confidently that Wozniak was very ashamed. Management turned them down, but Jobs did not give up. He was advised to contact the founder of one of the first venture capital companies.
The founder of this company showed up in the Jobs garage. The decor and appearance of the garage's inhabitants impressed him. Steve tried to look like an informal person - skinny and with a sparse beard.
He told Jobs that he was ready to finance them if he hired an employee who understood marketing and could draw up a business plan. It turned out to be Mike Markkula, who offered Jobs and Wozniak financing in exchange for a third of Apple shares. On January 3, 1977, the Apple Computer partnership became the Apple Corporation.
Markkula greatly influenced Jobs, because his authority was comparable to that of his father.
After the founding of the corporation, Apple acquired its own office. The company had several employees. The question arose about its president. The 22-year-old eccentric, shaggy, constantly dirty and ragged Jobs was not suitable for this job. Mike Scott was invited to this position; he was an experienced leader, and his main task was to pacify Jobs, who was becoming more rude and hot-tempered, which made it difficult for ordinary programmers.
It was not easy for the new president to cope with Jobs, who always wanted to be first. Jobs never had as many conflicts with anyone as he did with him.
Without the help of an advertiser who quickly agreed to cooperate with Apple, success could not even be dreamed of. We were tasked with developing a company and product logo. The art director proposed two options: a logo in the shape of an apple, whole and bitten. Jobs said that a whole apple could easily be confused with a cherry, so he chose a bitten one. In addition, he settled on a version with six colored horizontal stripes because of its psychedelic quality. This logo was approved before 1998.
In 1977 there was the first Computer Fair. Jobs decided to amaze everyone with the Apple exposition and his efforts paid off, because Apple received an order for 300 computers and the company got its first foreign dealer.

Sales and prosperity began to grow rapidly for several years to come. They no longer paid attention to scandals and conflicts between its founders. The Apple II was successful and profitable for 16 years. During this time, up to 6 million Apple II computers were sold, because it was one of the most profitable projects, and this is the result of the joint work of engineer Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs, manager and designer. If Jobs had not improved it externally, it would have been gathering dust on shelves without use.

The Apple III was a redesign of Wozniak's business computer. Businessmen, purchasing an Apple II for work, purchased two additional expansion cards for the computer. It was decided to deliver everything together. These were two different computers in one case.
There was great advertising, but it quickly became clear that computers were unstable in Apple III mode. The machine was improved, increasing the stability of its operation, but the reputation of the Apple III was already spoiled, and two years later the Apple III was completely discontinued.
Apple Lisa

Steve Jobs lost interest in the Apple III even at the development stage. He started a new project. And he brought two engineers to Apple, giving them the task of developing an “advanced” computer. Jobs named the project Lisa, in honor of his recently born daughter. Apple engineers completed the task, designing a better and more powerful computer that had nothing new except applications.
The state of affairs with Lisa did not suit Jobs, because he needed a breakthrough, movement, and not a repetition of what had been done.
Xerox was involved in venture capital investments and expressed interest in acquiring shares of Apple. Jobs immediately put forward the condition that in return Apple employees would have access to their latest developments. An agreement was reached. Xerox management felt that Apple employees would not understand anything about their developments. Jobs realized that they were trying to deceive him and demanded to organize a second excursion, to which he took Bill Atkinson and programmer Bruce Horn with him. It didn’t work again: Atkinson and his colleagues quickly saw through them. Jobs became very angry and complained to the head of the venture capital department over the phone. The company's management immediately contacted the research center and demanded to immediately show Jobs full capabilities development.
Apple's raid on Xerox PARC is called the most daring robbery in the history of the IT industry, because Jobs learned the secrets of Xerox. The main thing was ideas, and their implementation became a matter of time.
Xerox had an excellent chance to capture the computer market, but missed the opportunity. The next move was Apple's.
Jobs could easily call some engineer in the middle of the night and dictate his instructions to him. He became more aggressive and terrorized employees so much that Markkula and Scott, without looking at his status, reorganized Apple behind his back. 25-year-old Jobs was removed from his post and transferred to the honorary chair of the chairman of the board of directors, without real powers. So Steve Jobs found himself excommunicated from the project that he himself initiated.

Jef Raskin, who drew Jobs' attention to Xerox's developments, led another project at Apple. He wanted to create an inexpensive, portable machine that folded like a suitcase and looked more like a household appliance. After starting work on the project, he changed its name to Macintosh, after his favorite apple variety. The Macintosh prototype was three times cheaper and still ran twice as fast. Jobs switched from the Lisa project to the Macintosh.

There were differences between Jobs and Raskin.
It was said about Steve that he does not trust anyone and when new ideas are presented to him, he criticizes them and says that they are complete nonsense and a waste of time. But if the idea is good, then soon he begins to tell everyone about it as if he came up with it.
Jobs took charge of the Macintosh project and immediately set about revamping the Mac team while continuing to recruit new employees. After observing each candidate's reaction, he demonstrated a prototype computer. If the candidate became animated, started asking questions about everything and wanted to try everything right away, Jobs enrolled him in the group.
Jobs limited the size of the computer. Even its internal parts had to look harmonious. He was convinced that only Apple employees should have access to the contents of the system unit. Jobs believed that the buyer should feel that he was purchasing a unique and complete work of art.
Due to the personal ambitions of Steve Jobs, his actions led to a split in the team, because he did not miss an opportunity to make a barb or some other trick.
Jobs did not dare to develop the style of subsequent Apple products on his own.
While working on the Macintosh, Jobs traveled to Japan, visiting high-tech production facilities there, which impressed him with exemplary discipline and impeccable cleanliness in the workshops. Upon returning, Jobs decided to build a plant to produce Macintosh. He ordered the factory walls to be whitewashed and the machines to be painted in bright colors, shocking the employees and workers.
The Lisa computer was presented to the public, differing favorably from competitors' products with its high quality and advanced capabilities. But the unaffordable price did not show strong sales. All the same, Jobs, having lost the battle, confidently moved towards final victory.
He lured away the best specialists of the company who were working on other projects and from the Lisa project he stole everything that had been developed and valuable.
Jobs increasingly took control of the company's leadership, almost restoring his influence and authority, but he understood that much would depend on who would take the chair of Apple's president. Jobs was the obvious choice, but everyone understood that he was not yet ready to lead. I had to look for a candidate on the side.
Steve always knew how to get his way, and knew exactly what to say to everyone.
The new head of the company liked Jobs and accepted the offer to lead Apple. The first serious conflict between them occurred before the presentation of the Macintosh, when he insisted on including the cost of an advertising campaign in the price of the product, which led to an increase in the price of the computer.
Jobs turned the Macintosh presentation into a show. The computer spoke about itself using a software speech generator.

The dismissal of Steve Jobs

After the successful launch of the Macintosh on the market, Steve Jobs' position at Apple was temporarily strengthened. But within a year, Macintosh sales began to plummet. Users found strong and weak sides computer. Jobs took a very dubious step by ordering Macintosh emulation to be installed on unsold Lisa computers and releasing the result to the market under the Macintosh XL brand. Sales tripled, but it was a hoax that Apple's top experts rebelled against.
Jobs' second unsuccessful move was the launch of an advertising campaign for the Macintosh Office suite. Jobs took on too much of an assertive and aggressive tone. The ad turned out to be gloomy and depressing. The Macintosh Office project did not materialize.
Jobs became increasingly withdrawn and irritable. The crisis caused his working relationship with the new manager to deteriorate, leading to a power struggle between them. Jobs' management did not support him and removed him from management. Then he decided to stage a coup in the absence of a new leader and seize power. But even his most loyal supporters considered this plan crazy. The council sided with the leader. So, in 1985, Steve Jobs was fired from Apple. He lost the power struggle. Steve believed that everyone had betrayed him and abandoned him. After a while, he stopped going to work and made sure that no one noticed his absence. Jobs lasted five months, after which he left Apple and founded NeXT Inc.

NeXT Computer

In 1985, Jobs met a biochemist who said that the computer should be personal, powerful and inexpensive. Jobs launched the Big Mac project aimed at creating such a computer.
He recruited several members of the Macintosh team and registered NeXT Inc, a company developing a computer platform for universities and businesses.

Jobs saw the creation of the computer for the needs of science and education. He pledged to position the new computer as a "professional workstation" that would ship directly to colleges and universities.
A year later, Steve Jobs' company went bankrupt. The situation was saved by a businessman who bought a 16% stake in the company for $20 million, which became the first major investment in NeXT.
NeXT computers are now on sale.
In the same 1990, the second generation of the computer, the NeXTcube, was released. Featuring an innovative multimedia email system, NeXTcube allowed the sharing of voice, images, graphics and video.
The NeXT station was rejected as too expensive. But among those who could afford it, NeXT gained a following because of its technical advantages. Only 50 thousand cars were sold.

Pixar and Disney

Shortly before leaving Apple, Jobs met the head of the computer division of the Lucasfilm film studio, who was looking for a buyer for this division, and Jobs decided to buy this division of Apple's computer graphics.
An agreement was reached for Jobs to purchase 70% of the division, which developed both hardware and software to work with graphics and animation, and produced films. The company became Pixar Studios. Jobs envisioned entering the mass market with the Pixar Image Computer, making it cheaper. But the company suffered losses, and Jobs was forced to constantly invest personal funds in it.
Jobs realized that they should focus on filmmaking. The Disney film company has turned its attention to Pixar. An agreement was signed on their joint production, the terms of which were unfavorable for the young company, which was on the verge of bankruptcy.
Jobs decided to take a risk by going public after Pixar's premiere. But it became profitable, and the studio gained financial independence.
Steve Jobs was Pixar's CEO and major shareholder. Disney agreed to acquire Pixar. Once the deal was closed, Jobs became the largest private shareholder of The Walt Disney Company with 7% of the company's shares. His shareholding was larger than that of the founder, a member of the Disney family, Roy Disney. After Jobs' death, his Disney shares were transferred to the Steven Jobs Trust.
Steve Jobs. Return to Apple
By the mid-1990s, Jobs was already the head of a family with a wife and two children. He needed a constant source of income. But his company, NeXT, was having difficulty developing a new operating system for the Mac and was at an impasse. Jobs understood that he couldn’t get out on his own, and again began to look towards Apple, whose business was also not going very well, because after Jobs left, Apple stuck to old ideas and developments for several years, and then its market share fell.
The Apple director realized the depth of Apple's crisis and accepted Jobs' proposal for a possible merger or takeover of NeXT.
On December 20, Jobs returned to the company he founded and was introduced to the team as “adviser to the chairman.” Immediately, movement began to be felt: production was reduced, followed by a series of personnel changes and reshuffles. Jobs quickly managed to bring people loyal to him to key positions in the company.

Think Different

Steve Jobs dissolved the board. Jobs' mentor was among those fired. Jobs treated him like a father and went personally to inform him of his dismissal and ask for advice. He was sympathetic to Jobs’ decision and said that to save the company he would have to again produce something that no one had done before.
Jobs turned to old friends from the agency for help. Of all the options, Steve Jobs chose the Think Different concept.
He set out to return past relationships between Apple and its customers.
Jobs regained control of Apple, leading the corporation. Under his leadership, the company was saved from bankruptcy and began to make a profit within a year.
He took tough measures to revive the company and closed a number of projects. Many employees at this time were afraid to run into Jobs in the elevator for fear of losing their jobs. Over the course of the year, more than 3,000 people were laid off.
Jobs opposed the cloning of goods and refused to renew software licenses for third-party hardware manufacturers.
Instead of a large assortment, he announced the development of only four products, appearance which Jobs paid special attention to.

The achievement of the alliance between Jobs and one of his employees was the first iMac G3, because it became the best-selling computer in Apple history.
From then on, attractive design and a powerful brand worked for Apple.

Apple Store

Steve Jobs did not like the conditions in which Apple products were sold and he thought about creating a specialized Apple store.
He hired a vice president of sales, who advised him not to rush into opening a store, but to start modeling it in secret.
Jobs himself thought through and approved every detail.
The Apple Store was predicted to fail, but after 3 years, Apple stores averaged 5,400 people a week. There are a lot of Apple stores in the world now. which generate the most income.

Creating iTunes

The IT industry has developed. Steve Jobs came up with a global vision for the computer to make a breakthrough.
The great work began with the creation of high-quality software. On January 9, 2001, the iTunes media player was introduced.

An important part should have been the miniplayer. We decided to create our own device. Jobs changed the switch, which became distinctive feature many Apple devices.
The first generation of iPod was released on October 23, 2001. Jobs calculated that sales of the iPod would spur demand for computers, because the iPod was positioned as a cult accessory and actually acquired this status.
This is how Apple became a major player in the music industry.

iTunes Store

Steve Jobs introduced the online music store iTunes Store. He decided to sell songs not as albums, but individually. Music magnates took a risk because losses from piracy were massive.
The head of the iTunes Store predicted a million sales in the first 6 months, but a million songs were sold out in just 6 days! Apple entered the market confidently.

First iPhone model

The success of the iPod did not bring Jobs peace of mind. The development of mobile phones has led to a drop in demand for cameras and digital cameras. Jobs knew that all the functions of other devices must be included in the telephone. Then the music player will no longer be needed.
The mechanical keyboard was removed and its functions were taken over by the software part. Jobs decided to try glass, which was supposed to be strong and resistant.
The main trump card of the model was the large glass screen.

The phone was introduced in January 2007, the presentation of which was the best of Steve Jobs' career. The telephone was also declared the invention of the year.

Over the next few years, Steve Jobs was ill a lot, but he took part in the development of the iPad Internet tablet, which he himself presented.
It was the most successful consumer product launch in history.

The company's success allowed Apple to become the most valuable company in the world in 2011. The resurgence of Apple has been called one of the greatest achievements in business history. Despite this, Jobs was criticized for his authoritarian management style, aggressive actions towards competitors and the desire for total control of products even after they were sold to the buyer.

Resignation

On June 6, 2011, Steve Jobs gave his last presentation. Jobs later resigned as CEO of Apple, retaining his post as chairman of the board of directors. A few hours later, Apple Inc. shares. fell.

State

Steve Jobs became a millionaire by age 25. He owned 5.426 million shares of Apple. Also owned 138 million shares of Disney. Forbes magazine in 2011 estimated Steve Jobs' net worth at $7 billion and placed him in 39th place in the ranking of the richest Americans.

Management style

Jobs sought to position Apple and its products at the forefront of the industry information technologies. He said that great things in business are not accomplished by one person, but by a team. His subordinates respected him, because Jobs created the feeling that the impossible was possible.
After leaving Apple and working at NeXT, Jobs' character softened.

Inventions and projects

Relations with figures in the IT industry

Steve Jobs and Microsoft CEO Bill Gates are the same age and are at the origins of the computer revolution. They played decisive roles. The first of them developed the talent of a designer and the eloquence of a salesman. The second, experienced and cautious, knew a lot about programming.
Microsoft developed its own operating system, Windows, based on the same principles as the Mac. Jobs accused Gates of treason and theft. Their relationship deteriorated. The differences between them were in different approaches to work.
Returning to Apple, Steve Jobs decided to end this war, which was the result of several lawsuits. Jobs invited Gates to invest $150 million in Apple and develop programs compatible with the Mac. Jobs later said that this was one of his biggest mistakes.
Later, relations between entrepreneurs improved.
Jobs gave a speech, raising a toast “To both of us” and tearing up. In 2011, Bill Gates paid a final visit to Steve Jobs, whose illness was already critical. They spent more than two hours together, discussing with great animation.
One of Jobs' best friends in the IT industry was the founder of Oracle. Jobs was modest and did not show off his wealth. Another close friend of Jobs was Millard Drexler.
Jobs was surrounded by both friends and enemies. He was constantly in conflict with someone. Towards the end of his life, Steve Jobs fought with Google.
Apple is still making attempts to get its way through the courts, now without Steve Jobs.
Social activity
Jobs did not sign the Giving Pledge, which required the world's richest billionaires to give at least half of their wealth to charity. But despite this, Apple has become the largest donor to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS.
In 2010, US President Barack Obama met with Steve Jobs, who criticized the US educational system, saying that he would not last longer than one term. In 2011, Obama was at a meeting with representatives of the IT industry, where Jobs said that the President clever man, but endlessly explaining why this or that cannot be done. And that it infuriated him.

Scandals

In 2001, Jobs received stock options worth 7.5 million Apple shares. The case has been the subject of criminal and civil investigations. Jobs could face a range of criminal charges and civil penalties. Jobs was not fully aware of them. The scandal led to a fall in Apple shares and the dismissal of several employees.
The decline in share price due to fraud and scandal led to the filing of a number of lawsuits. A $7 billion class action lawsuit was filed against several Apple board members, including Jobs. Apple management reached an agreement with shareholders and paid a number of compensations.

Unauthorized biographies

In 2005, the publishing house John Wiley & Sons sent a copy of the unauthorized biography “Icon. Steve Jobs". According to some reports, the order not to release the publication came personally from Steve Jobs.

Harassment of bloggers

Jobs was very sensitive to his speeches at product presentations and demanded the strictest secrecy. A website was founded where information about Apple's new products was published before its official announcement. A lawsuit was filed against the site owner and his resource was closed.
On March 25, 2010, a certain Brian Hogan found a prototype of a new iPhone model in one of the bars, accidentally left there. An article about the phone's design appeared on the blog. Apple filed a complaint with the prosecutor's office, and searches were carried out in the apartments. As a result, the bloggers, by agreeing to return the sample to the corporation, avoided charges of buying stolen goods. Steve Jobs took part in the development of this conflict.

Censorship on iPhone and iPad

Jobs tried to maintain control over user actions. It was about banning pornography on Apple devices. Jobs responded that his definition of freedom included “freedom from porn” and other unwanted and potentially harmful content.
It was suggested to him that arrogance is not appropriate for an industry leader. But Jobs said there was no arrogance in his position.

Personal life

Steve Jobs tried to adhere to the principles of Zen Buddhism and Bauhaus. He was a pescatarian. Jobs usually wore a long-sleeved black turtleneck, blue jeans and sneakers. This is how he expressed his style.
Jobs drove a silver Mercedes-Benz SL 55 AMG with no license plates and leased a new one every six months.
He was a big fan of Bob Dylan and The Beatles and made numerous references to them in his performances.

Searches for biological relatives

In 1986, Jobs' adoptive mother died. Steve had previously hired a detective to find his mother. He found a doctor who gave it to the Jobs. The doctor lied to him that all the documents were burned in a fire, but in reality he put them in an envelope, writing to send them to Steve Jobs after his death. Soon the doctor died, and Jobs received documents from which he learned everything about his parents and sister.
Steve considered Paul and Clara his parents, and in order not to upset them, he asked journalists not to publish if they learned anything about his biological parents.

Meeting the biological mother

Steve met his own mother and younger sister only 31 years later.
After the death of his adoptive mother, Steve called his biological mother and arranged a meeting. He did this out of curiosity and wanted to reassure the biological mother that she did the right thing. He wanted to meet her to see if she was okay and to thank her for not having an abortion. She apologized to him. Steve told her not to worry, because he had good childhood and everything worked out.

Meeting your biological sister

In 1985, on the day he met his birth mother, Steve also met his sister, Mona Simpson, who, with the help of a private detective, found her father, whom Steve did not want to meet because he had left his wife and daughter.

Not knowing who his son had become, he told Mona that he used to have a cafe in Silicon Valley and said that even Steve Jobs had been there and was generous with his tea. Jobs asked Mona not to tell her father about herself. But his father accidentally found out that Jobs was his son, but also did not seek a meeting with him.

Relationships with biological family

Ten months after giving up the child, Steve's biological parents got married. Later they had a daughter. They divorced and the father lost contact with his daughter. Steve's mother remarried.
Jobs and his sister were close friends and kept their relationship secret until 1986. He also maintained a friendly relationship with his biological mother.

Relationships with women

Jobs always had difficulty containing his feelings and emotions. He was very addicted and publicly demonstrated delight from a new romance or melancholy from separation. Many considered him a romantic person, although in relationships with women he was sometimes calculating, selfish, rude and cruel.

Chris Ann Brennan

Chris Ann Brennan, a hippie girl, was Steve's first love, with whom he began dating before graduating from high school. Their relationship was not easy. Steve and Chris were constantly drifting apart and then getting back together. After some time, Chris became pregnant. Jobs acted like it didn't concern him. Chris gave birth to a daughter, Lisa Brennan. Jobs continued to deny his paternity, claiming that Brennan was not only dating him. Chris argued with Steve that he was making her look like a walker so as not to take responsibility. Jobs took part in the fate of his daughter: he persuaded Chris not to give the child to strangers, helped choose the girl’s name and named the new Apple Lisa computer with this name.

A year later, Jobs took a paternity test, which showed that he was the father of the child and he was ordered by court to pay child support. But even after this, Jobs refused to acknowledge his daughter for a long time. He later recognized Lisa as his daughter, and when she grew up, she and her father got along well.

Tina Redse

In 1985, Jobs met, in his words, the most beautiful woman in his life and his first true love, the hippie type, Tina Redse. She also worked in IT. They were united by a difficult childhood, both of them were in search of beauty and harmony. In character they were similar in neuroticism, sensitivity, and could give free rein to tears. She was strong-willed and easily neglected her unusual beauty, often not wearing makeup, which made her even more beautiful. Their romance was very stormy. Despite the similarities, the differences were insurmountable, because Redse was the kindest person. Philosophical differences were also very deep. In 1989, Steve proposed to Tina. There followed a refusal and a break in the relationship.

Lauren Powell was only wife Steve Jobs and the second woman he loved. She was eight years younger than him.
On January 1, 1990, Jobs proposed to Powell. They went on a trip, after which it turned out that Lauren was pregnant.
There was a wedding in 1991. IN family life Jobs was happy.
In the same year, the couple had a son, then two daughters. But Jobs did not spend much time with children. He communicated more with his son, who had good manners and a gentle character, only in appearance he was similar to him.

Health problems

In 2003, Jobs was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. The prognosis for the development of this form of cancer is extremely unfavorable, but Jobs turned out to have a type of disease that can be treated surgically. Jobs refused to undergo surgery for nine months. He tried to prevent the disease using alternative medicine. In July 2004, Jobs agreed to a pancreaticoduodenectomy operation, during which the tumor was successfully removed, but at the same time metastases were detected in the liver. Doctors were able to partially sequence the cancer genome. During Jobs' absence, the company was run by Tim Cook, Apple's head of global sales and operations.
Jobs' health gradually deteriorated, and he became very thin. Jobs did not reveal the truth about his health. The cancer had metastasized, and due to painkillers and immunosuppressants, Jobs had no appetite and was subject to frequent depression. Apple shares were declining.
In 2009, Jobs informed everyone about his illness and went on vacation, again handing over matters to Tim Cook. He underwent liver transplant surgery. In early 2010, he returned to work.
On August 24, 2011, Jobs announced his retirement. Tim Cook was his successor. Jobs continued to be involved in Apple affairs, advising Tim until his last day.

Death of Steve Jobs

After eight years of battling the disease, on the afternoon of October 5, 2011, Steve Jobs died due to complications that led to respiratory failure. The cause of Steve Jobs' death was pancreatic cancer. He died surrounded by his family at 56. His initial choice of alternative treatment led to early death.
Relatives said Jobs died peacefully. Steve Jobs' words before his death were: Wow! Wow! Wow!
Apple and Microsoft have lowered their flags. There was also a directive to lower flags at all Disney properties, including Disney World and Disneyland.
A small private funeral was held on October 7, 2011, at the only non-denominational cemetery, which was not disclosed.

Media coverage

Adult Swim aired a 15-second spot with the word "hello" fading out and then changing to "goodbye."
Awards and public recognition
Jobs received public recognition and a number of awards for his influence. He is called the "father of the digital revolution." Jobs was a brilliant speaker and took innovative product presentations to a new level.
A long article was published about Jobs as "micro's most famous maestro."
Steve Jobs was awarded, received a prize and was a laureate of the “Technology - Chariot of Progress” competition. In 2007, Arnold Schwarzenegger and his wife inducted Jobs into the California Hall of Fame.
In 2007, Fortune magazine named Jobs the most powerful person in business, and in 2010 he was ranked 17th on its list of the world's most powerful people.
In 2011, a bronze statue of Steve Jobs was unveiled. In 2012, Steve Jobs was called "the greatest entrepreneur of our time" and was posthumously awarded the Grammy Trustees Award. The Disney film “John Carter” and the Pixar cartoon “Brave” were dedicated to him.
On the first anniversary of Jobs' death, a sculpture was unveiled - the 330-kilogram composition represents the almost two-meter palm of Steve Jobs.
Steve Jobs greatly changed the modern world and revolutionized no less than six industries.

Criticism

Jobs's personal qualities were often criticized because he always strived for the universal, the only possible, perfection, beauty and simplicity. He needed complete control over any situation. Steve was considered angry, cruel and vindictive. He often lured away employees from other companies and abandoned everyone he hired.
Apple's policy has always been Steve Jobs' policy. Apple tightly controls consumer computers and portable devices.
10 books have been written about Steve Jobs, 6 documentaries have been filmed and 3 feature films, as well as one theatrical performance in NYC.

Childhood

The boy ended up in the family of Paul and Clara Jobs from Mountain View, California, who named the newborn Steven Paul Jobs. My adoptive mother worked in an accounting firm, and my father worked as a mechanic in a company that produced laser systems.

At school, Steve was a restless bully, but thanks to the efforts of teacher Mrs. Hill, little Jobs began to demonstrate amazing academic performance. So, from the fourth grade he went straight to the sixth at Crittenden High School. Because of high level crime in the new area, Steve’s parents were forced to use their last funds to buy a house in the more prosperous Los Altos.

At age 13, Jobs called Hewlett-Packard President William Hewlett at home. The boy was assembling an electrical appliance and needed some parts. Hewlett talked with the boy for 20 minutes, agreed to send everything he needed and offered to work in his company over the summer.

As a result, Stephen dropped out of the University of California, Berkeley, where he was attending classes, and began working at Hewlett-Packard. There Jobs met a man whose meeting determined the boy's future fate - Stephen Wozniak.

Education and first job

In February 1974, Steve returned to California, where his friend and technical genius Wozniak invited Jobs to work as a technician at Atari, which produced games such as the famous arcade game Pong.

Since university, Stephen was interested in the hippie subculture, so after six months of work he went to India. The journey was not easy: Jobs suffered from dysentery and lost 15 kilograms. Later on the trip, Kottke joined him and they set off together in search of a guru and spiritual enlightenment. Years later, Steve admitted that he went to India to resolve the inner feelings caused by his biological parents abandoning him.

Steve Jobs' legendary speech to Stanford graduates

In 1975, Jobs returned to Los Altos and re-employed Atari, volunteering to quickly create the circuitry for the video game Breakout. Steve had to minimize the number of chips on the board, for the removal of each of which there was a reward of $100. Jobs convinced Wozniak that he could complete the job in 4 days, although such work usually took several months. In the end, the friend managed, and Wozniak gave him a check for $350, lying that Atari paid him 700 instead of the real 5000. Having received a large sum, Jobs quit his job.

Inventor's career

In 1976, draftsman Ronald Wayne was hired and Apple Computer Co. was created on April 1. For start-up capital, Steve sold his minivan, and Wozniak sold a programmable calculator. The total was $1,300.

A little later, the first order was received from a local electronics store, but the team did not have the money to buy parts for 50 computers. They asked suppliers for a 30-day credit, and within ten days the store received its first batch of computers, called Apple I, each costing $666.66.

The world's first mass-produced computer from IBM appeared the same year Wozniak completed work on the Apple II, so Jobs ordered the launch of an advertising campaign and the creation of beautiful packaging with a logo to beat the competition. New Apple computers have sold 5 million copies around the world. As a result, at the age of 25, Steve Jobs became a millionaire.

At the end of 1979, Steve and other Apple employees went to the Xerox (XRX) research center, where Jobs saw the Alto computer. He immediately became obsessed with the idea of ​​​​creating a PC with an interface that would allow him to give commands with a cursor.

At that time, the Lisa computer was being developed, named after the daughter of Steve Jobs. The inventor was going to implement all Xerox developments and lead the project of an innovative computer, but his colleagues Mark Markulla, who invested more than 250 thousand dollars in Apple, and Scott Forstall reorganized the company and removed Jobs.

In 1980, computer interface specialist Jef Raskin and Jobs began work on a new project - a portable machine that was supposed to fold into a miniature suitcase. Raskin named the project Macintosh after his favorite apple variety.

Even then, Stephen was a demanding and tough boss; working under his leadership was not easy. Numerous conflicts with Jeff led to the latter being sent on leave and later fired. A little later, disagreements forced John Sculley to leave the corporation, and in 1985, Wozniak. At the same time, Steve founded the NeXT company, which worked in the field of hardware.

In 1986, Jobs took the helm of the Pixar animation studio, which produced many world-famous cartoons, such as “Monsters, Inc.” and “Toy Story.” In 2006, Steve sold his brainchild to Walt Disney, but remained on the board of directors and became a Disney shareholder with 7 percent of the shares.

In 1996, Apple wanted to buy NeXT. So Steve returned to work after many years of suspension and became the manager of the company, joining the board of directors. In 2000, Jobs entered the Guinness Book of Records as the CEO with the most modest salary - $1 per year.

Presentation of the first iPhone. When the world changed forever

In 2001, Steve introduced his first player called the iPod. Later, the sale of this product brought the main income to the company, as the MP3 player became the fastest and most capacious player of that time. Five years later, Apple presented the network multimedia player Apple TV. And in 2007, the iPhone touchscreen mobile phone went on sale. A year later, the thinnest laptop on the planet, the MacBook Air, was demonstrated.

Stephen skillfully used all his old knowledge: his passion for calligraphy during his university years allowed him to create unique fonts for Apple products, and his interest in graphic design made the iPhone and iPod interface recognizable all over the world.

Jobs had a keen sense of what the buyer needed, so he sought to create a miniature machine that could satisfy every whim of the modern user. Stephen's ideas were not always innovative; he skillfully used existing developments of others, but brought them to perfection and “packed them in a beautiful wrapper.”

Steve Jobs and his 10 rules for success

In 2010, Jobs introduced the iPad, an Internet tablet, which caused confusion among the public. However, Stephen's ability to convince the buyer that he needed this product raised tablet sales to 15 million copies a year.

Personal life of Steve Jobs

In 1978, Chris gave birth to a daughter, Lisa, but Stephen stubbornly denied his paternity. A year later, a genetic test proved Jobs's relationship with his daughter, which obligated him to pay child support. The inventor rented a house in Palo Alto for Chris and Lisa and paid for the girl’s education, but Steve began communicating with her only years later.

Executive Director and co-founder of Apple Computer, Inc., former executive director and board member of the animation studio Pixar.

Character

Steve Jobs is a legendary figure in global business. The man, thanks to whose perseverance the world learned what real personal computers are for the common user. In addition to computers, Jobs created the industry of computer animated cartoons, gave the world the legendary iPod, and finally, under his leadership, Apple introduced the iPhone communicator, which is changing the foundations of the mobile industry before our eyes. Our story today is about him. About his journey, about how this extraordinary personality was able to achieve truly phenomenal heights in business, despite all the blows of fate, which more than once forced Jobs to get up from his knees.

Birth of a rebel

Steven Paul Jobs was born on February 24, 1954 in San Francisco, California. Steve's parents, American Joan Carol Schible and Syrian Abdulfattah John Jandali abandoned the child a week after his birth. The baby was adopted by a couple from the town of Mountain View, located in Santa Clara County, California. The adoptive parents of the future founder of Apple, Paul and Clara Jobs, gave the child his first and last name.
One of the main conditions of this adoption was that the adoptive parents had to ensure that Steve received a higher education. (although neither Paul nor Clara had it, it should be noted that Steve himself ultimately did not graduate from college)

Steve was expelled from school after third grade. The transfer to another school became a significant moment in Jobs’ life, thanks to a wonderful teacher who found an approach to him. As a result, he pulled himself together and began to study! The approach, of course, was simple: for each completed task, Steve received money from the teacher. Not much, but quite enough for a fourth grade student. Overall, Jobs' success was great enough that he even skipped fifth grade and went straight to high school.

Jobs graduated from school in Cupertino in 1972 and tried to get higher education at Portland College, Oregon. However, Jobs was expelled after the first semester. In 1974, Jobs returned to Cupertino, where he showed increased interest in computer technology and new developments. He became an active member of the local computer club Homebrew Computer, at one of whose meetings he subsequently became friends with his future Apple partner.

One day, Steve Jobs decided to assemble his electronic frequency counter, but during assembly he realized that he was missing a number of parts. Without thinking twice, Steve called the co-founder of Hewlett-Packard and told him about his problems. Jobs got the parts he needed. Moreover, in the summer he was invited to work for a couple of months at HP. Steve worked with undisguised enthusiasm and all the time tried to prove to his bosses that technology was everything to him. At one of these moments, Steve talked about his love for electronics and asked a project manager named Chris (who directly supervised Jobs) what he loved most in the world. Chris was short: “Fuck.” Soon Jobs' life began to take on new colors. However, it should be noted that before Steve became a millionaire, he wasn’t very good with women. He didn’t know at all what to talk to them about, considering all conversations with women empty.

Soon after his first sexual experience, Jobs became addicted to recreational drugs such as marijuana and LSD. (It’s interesting that even now, having abandoned this addiction, Steve does not at all regret that he used LSD. Moreover, he considers it one of the most significant events in his life, which turned his worldview upside down.)

When Steve Jobs was 16 years old, he and Woz met a then-famous hacker named Captain Crunch. He told them how, using special sounds made by a whistle from a set of Captain Crunch cereals, they could fool the switching device and make calls around the world for free. Soon Wozniak made the first device, called the “Blue Box,” which allowed ordinary people imitate the sounds of Crunch's whistle and make free calls around the world. Jobs started selling the product. The blue boxes sold for $150 each and were very popular among students. Interestingly, the cost of such a device was then $40. However, it was not possible to achieve much success. First, problems with the police, and then with some hooligan who even threatened Jobs with a gun, brought the “blue box business” to naught.

After his first unsuccessful experience in entrepreneurship, Steve Jobs retreated into his personal life. At that time, he met his first true love, who was a girl named Chris-Ann. Steve spent a lot of time with her. Including one of the most famous moments in his life, when he took LSD with her in a wheat field. Jobs claims that this moment was very important in his life and helped to “expand” his consciousness. Later, Chris-Ann will give birth to a child from Steve, whom he will not recognize for a long time, and will not even pay child support, although he will be a millionaire at that time. All this will be confirmation of his rather great emotional experiences at that time. But that will come later, but for now Steve decides to go to Reed College.

Reed College is one of the most expensive liberal arts colleges on the West Coast, but that is where Steve went, despite the lack of money. (his parents did find funds for his studies) True, young Jobs studied there for only about six months. However, even after this, he was present at the college, lived in the dormitory (sometimes he occupied the rooms of students who, for a number of reasons, were absent in this moment in college, and sometimes slept on the floor of friends' rooms). Steve actively attended various courses at Reed, including taking a course on calligraphy (this would later affect the personal computer industry, they would have really beautiful fonts)

In 1974, Steve Jobs took a job at Atari. It was there that Jobs managed to persuade management to pay for his trip to India. Jobs was already very interested in Eastern philosophy at that time, and therefore really wanted to see the guru. Atari paid for Jobs' trip, although he also had to visit Germany, where his tasks included resolving production problems. He did it.

Jobs went to India not alone, but with his friend Dan Kottke. Dan Kottke was a pretty good pianist at that time, but that didn't mean he had the money to travel to India. However, Steve Jobs promised to pay all of Kottke’s expenses. Fortunately, this did not have to be done, since the latter’s parents, having learned that he was going to India, paid for a round-trip ticket and also gave him money for expenses in a foreign country.

Only after arriving in India, Steve exchanged all his belongings for the shabby clothes of a beggar. His goal was to make pilgrimages throughout India, hoping for the help of ordinary strangers. During the trip itself, Dan and Steve almost died several times due to the harsh climate of India. Communication with the guru did not bring Jobs enlightenment. However, the trip to India left an indelible mark on Jobs' soul. He saw real poverty, completely different from the one that hippies in Silicon Valley adhered to. (“pictorial”)

Returning back to Silicon Valley, Jobs continued working at Atari. Soon he was entrusted with the development of the game BreakOut (Atari was making not only a game at that time, but a full-fledged slot machine, and all the work fell on Jobs’ shoulders.). For this job, Steve was supposed to use no more than 50 parts. This was the main condition. Of course, Jobs himself would never have been able to put together BreakOut. However, he brought Wozniak on board, and everything was ready within 48 hours. Jobs' job was to run for cola and sweets. For this work, young Jobs received $1,000, but he told Wozniak that he was paid 600. As a result, in the pocket of Woz, who did all the work, there were 300 dollars, and in Jobs’ pocket 700. Later, Woz learns about this act of Jobs from third parties faces, and according to eyewitnesses, tears will even appear in his eyes.

In any case, the Altair personal computer was introduced in 1975. Already at this time, both Steves understood what they wanted to do.

Creation of Apple Computer

At the time of the creation of Apple Computer, Inc. in 1976, Steve Jobs worked for Atari, a computer games company. At Jobs's initiative, Wozniak created the personal computer. The model turned out to be so successful that Jobs and Wozniak decided to begin serial production of computers. The beginning of the collaboration between Jobs and Wozniak is considered to be April 1, 1976 - the official founding date of Apple.

For 10 years, under the leadership of Jobs, Apple managed to maintain a leading position in the computer market. The success of Apple's first computer model, called the Apple I (about 200 of these machines were sold, which is a very good indicator for a start-up company), was consolidated in 1977 with the release of the Apple II, which was considered the most popular personal computer for 5 years.

However, by 1985, amid the release of a number of unsuccessful computer models (the commercial failure of the Apple III), the loss of a significant market share and ongoing conflicts in management, Wozniak left Apple, and some time later Steve Jobs also left the company. Also in 1985, Jobs founded NeXT, a company specializing in hardware and workstations.

A year later, Steve Jobs co-founded the animation studio Pixar. Under Jobs' leadership, Pixar released films such as Toy Story and Monsters, Inc. In 2006, Jobs sold Pixar to the studio for $7.4 million in company stock. Jobs remained on the board of directors of Pixar and at the same time became the largest an individual- a Disney shareholder, having received 7 percent of the studio's shares.

Steve Jobs returned to Apple in 1996, when the company founded by Jobs decided to acquire NeXT. Jobs joined the company's board of directors and became the interim manager of Apple, which was experiencing a serious crisis at that moment. In 1998, on Jobs' initiative, work on Apple's frankly unsuccessful projects, including the PDA Newton, was suspended.

In 2000, the word interim disappeared from Jobs’ job title, and the Apple founder himself was included in the Guinness Book of Records as the executive director with the most modest salary in the world (according to official documents, Jobs’ salary at that time was $1 per year).

In 2001, Steve Jobs introduced the first iPod. Within a few years, selling iPods became the company's main source of income. Under Jobs' leadership, Apple had significantly strengthened its position in the personal computer market by 2006, helped by the transition of Macintosh machines to high-performance processors made by Intel.

I think we're having fun. I think our customers really like our products. And we always try to make them even better. Steve Jobs

His successes and reputation help define an era and change the world. It changes the understanding of computers, offers us perfect hardware and software that changes us.

This man with boundless energy and charisma is also an expert at throwing dust, exaggeration and attention-grabbing phrases. And even when he tries to talk normally, brilliant expressions pour out of him.

Here is a selection of some of his most interesting sayings that will help you achieve success in life:

1. Steve Jobs says: “Innovation separates the leader from the catcher.”

There are no limits to new ideas. It all depends only on your imagination. The world is constantly changing. It's time to start thinking differently. If you're in a growing industry, think about ways to get more results, nicer clients, and easier customer service. If you are associated with a dying industry, quickly quit and change it before you lose your job. And remember that delay is inappropriate here. Start innovating now!

2. Steve Jobs says: “Be the standard of quality. Some people weren't in an environment where innovation was a major asset."

This is not a fast track to excellence. You should definitely make excellence your priority. Use your talents, capabilities and skills to make your product the best and then you will leapfrog your competitors, add something special, something they don’t have. Live by higher standards, pay attention to details that can improve the situation. Having an advantage is not difficult - just decide right now to propose your innovative idea - in the future you will be amazed at how this merit will help you in life.

3. Steve Jobs says, “There’s only one way to do it.” great job- to love her. If you haven't come to this, wait. Don't rush into action. As with everything else, your own heart will help you suggest something interesting.”

Do what you love. Look for activities that give you a sense of meaning, purpose, and satisfaction in life. Having a goal and striving for its implementation brings orderliness to life. This not only improves your situation, but also gives you a boost of vigor and optimism. Are you happy to get out of bed in the morning and look forward to the start of a new work week? If you answered no, then look for a new activity.

4. Steve Jobs says: “You know we eat food that other people grow. We wear clothes that other people have made. We speak languages ​​that were invented by other people. We use mathematics, but other people developed it too... I think we all say this all the time. This perfect occasion create something that could be useful to humanity."

Try to make changes in your world first and maybe you will be able to change the world.

5. Steve Jobs says: “This phrase is from Buddhism: A beginner's opinion. It's great to have a newbie's opinion."

It is the kind of opinion that allows one to see things as they are, which can constantly and in an instant realize the original essence of everything. A beginner's perspective - Zen practice in action. It is an opinion that is innocent of preconception and expected outcome, evaluation and prejudice. Think of a newbie's opinion as an opinion. small child who looks at life with curiosity, wonder and amazement.

6. Steve Jobs says: “We think that we mostly watch TV to rest our brains and we work at the computer when we want to turn on the brain.”

A bunch of scientific research have demonstrated for decades that television has harmful influence on the psyche and morals. And most people who watch TV know that their bad habit is dulling them and killing them a lot of time, but they still continue to spend a huge portion of their time watching the box. Do what makes your brain think, what develops it. Avoid passive pastime.

7. Steve Jobs says: “I'm the only person who knows what it's like to lose a quarter of a billion dollars in a year. It shapes the personality very well.”

Do not conflate the phrases “making mistakes” with “being a mistake.” There's no such thing as successful man who never stumbled or made a mistake - there are only successful people who made mistakes, but then changed their lives and their plans, based on these same mistakes made earlier (without making them in the future). They consider mistakes as lessons from which they gain valuable experience. Avoiding mistakes means doing nothing.

8. Steve Jobs says: “I would trade all my technology for a meeting with Socrates.”

Over the past decade on shelves bookstores Many books have appeared all over the world showing the lessons of historical figures. And Socrates, along with Leonardo Da Vinci, Nicolaus Copernicus, Charles Darwin and Albert Einstein, is a source of inspiration for independent thinkers. But Socrates was the first. Cicero said of Socrates that “he brought philosophy down from heaven, giving it ordinary people." So, use the principles of Socrates in your own life, work, study and relationships - this will bring more truth, beauty and perfection into your everyday life.

9. Steve Jobs says: “We are here to make a difference in the world. Otherwise why are we here?”

Do you know that you have good things to bring to life? And did you know that those good things were abandoned while you were pouring yourself another cup of coffee and you made the decision to just think about it instead of making it a reality? We are all born with a gift to give life to. This gift, or this thing, is your calling, your goal. And you don't need a decree to achieve this goal. Neither your boss, nor your teacher, nor your parents, no one can decide this for you. Just find that one goal.

10. Steve Jobs says: “Your time is limited, don't waste it living another life. Don't get caught up in a creed that exists on other people's thinking. Don't let the views of others drown out your own inner voice. And it is very important to have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you really want to do. Everything else is secondary.”

Are you tired of living someone else's dream? Undoubtedly this is your life and you have every right conduct it the way you want without any obstacles or barriers from others. Give yourself the opportunity to develop your creative talents in an atmosphere free from fear and pressure. Live a life that you choose and where you are the master of your own destiny.