“When a person loves feats, he always knows how to do them and will find where it is possible. In life, do you know, there is always a place for exploits (according to early romantic works M. Gorky) - essay
When a person loves feats, he always knows how to do them and will find where it is possible. In life, do you know, there is always a place for exploits (according to the early romantic works of M. Gorky) - essay
We need feats! We need words that would sound like an alarm bell, disturb everything and, shaking, push us forward.
M. Gorky
Romanticism as a new style Russian literature belts in early XIX century. Its features were pathos, intense emotion in the speech of the heroes, the brightness of the images and extreme hyperbolization of the qualities of the heroes, and the unusualness of events.
The Romantics adopted from their time the idea of individual freedom put forward by the revolution, while simultaneously realizing the defenselessness of a person in a society where monetary interests prevail.
That is why the worldview of many romantics is characterized by confusion and confusion in front of the world around them, and personal tragedy. The romantic artist does not set himself the task of accurately reproducing reality; rather, he tries to express his attitude towards it. Create your own, fictional image of the world, so that through this fiction, this contrast, you can convey to the reader your ideal, your rejection of the world he denies. The heroes of romanticism are restless, passionate and indomitable.
Almost all heroes early works Gorky are the embodiment of courage, determination, selflessness, and faith in a sublime ideal.
In “The Old Woman Izergil” Gorky develops the theme of the meaning of life. The story consists of three parts, each of which can serve as a basis separate work. The author builds the story on the principle of contrast. He contrasts two heroes - Larra and Danko. People condemn Larra, selfish and arrogant, to eternal loneliness. The greatest good - life - becomes eternal torment. The meaning of this legend is that a person cannot live for himself, away from society - he fails morally, dies from suffering. The author emphasizes this with the following sentence: “There was so much melancholy in his eyes that one could poison all the people of the world with it.” Due to the fact that the eyes are the mirror of the soul, this predetermines everything. state of mind hero.
The opposite of Larra is the image of Danko, brave, proud, beautiful and strong. Danko gives everything he has to people. His life becomes a feat because he follows a high goal - to save people; he is proud, but not proud of himself, but of the person as a whole. He sacrifices himself. But Gorky shows that this life is also maximalist.
At the center of the work, Gorky placed a story about Izergil herself. At first you might think that the image of the old woman combines the features of both Larra and Danko, that her personality is a balance between two extremes. But upon closer examination, Izergil becomes closer to Larra rather than to Danko. She lived only for herself, and although she says that man is free, she herself wants freedom only for herself.
That is why, when describing her portrait, the author focuses his attention on her sultriness and emptiness: “...dry, cracked lips, a pointed chin with gray hair it also has a wrinkled nose, curved like the beak of an owl. In place of the cheeks there were black pits... the skin on the face, neck and arms was all cut up with wrinkles, and with every movement of old Izergil one could expect that this dry skin would all rip, fall apart in pieces and a naked skeleton with dull black eyes would stand before me.” M. Gorky also emphasizes the creaking of her voice, which “sounded as if all forgotten centuries were grumbling, embodied in her chest as shadows of memories.” All this suggests that fate punished Izergil for a wrongly lived life.
In the story “Makar Chudra” the story is told on behalf of the young man. Here the author shows us two types of attitudes towards life. Chudra himself believes that the meaning of life is in the glorious lot of a tramp, and the narrator is convinced that the meaning of life is to “learn and teach.”
Makar Chudra tells an amazing legend about Radda and Loiko. Both are beautiful and strong personalities, both powerful and proud. They love each other, but cannot be together. The heroes of the story do not want to compromise, they do not want to obey anyone, not even their loved one. And in the choice between submission and death, Loiko gives preference to the latter. Heroes die, but the legend continues to live in the mouths of people.
Indeed, “in life... there is always room for exploits,” and everyone decides for himself whether to perform them or not. At the same time, living means feeling and thinking, suffering and bliss, and any other life means death. Gorky's maximalist heroes reveal their truth to us: to live means to burn oneself with the fire of struggle, quest and anxiety.
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Among thunder, among fires, among seething passions, in spontaneous fiery discord, she flies from heaven to us (according to the lyrics of F.I. Tyutchev) - essay “ | “I’m not afraid to portray the harsh truth of life as it is (based on M. Gorky’s play At the Lower Depths) - essay
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In the name of Allah, the Beneficent and the Merciful!
These words are taken from the work of Maxim Gorky “Old Woman Izergil”. The heroine of the story, an old gypsy, says: “...he loved exploits. And when a person loves feats, he always knows how to do them and will find where it is possible. In life, you know, there is always room for exploits. And those who do not find them for themselves are simply lazy and cowards, or do not understand life, because if people understood life, everyone would want to leave behind their shadow in it. And then life would not devour people without a trace...”
Feats are usually performed in war or in critical situations, in situations “between death and life.” Considering the reality in which every believer lives, given the fact of the “spiritual jihad” that takes place in the soul of every attentive Muslim, these words exactly correspond to his position. After all, a feat is not only a sacrifice of something material, physical; a feat is, first of all, overcoming internal barriers, it is going beyond the lazy and cunning nafs, it is a victory over the instigations of the shaitan.
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Truly, a believer drags his shaitan by the crest just as any of you drags his camel on the road.” Dragging your nafs or your shaitan along the path of faith, truth, sincerity is not a matter of one day, but everyday hard work lasting for many years. The spiritual ascetic Bayazid said: For twelve years I was the blacksmith of my nafs. For five years I was the mirror of my heart, and for another year I looked into this mirror and saw the reflection of the belt around my waist. So twelve years passed until I finally gained freedom. After that, I began to peer even deeper into my inner being and again saw the belt. For five years I wondered how to get rid of him. When this was revealed to me, I looked at the people and, seeing that they were dead, I repeated Allahu Akbar four times.”
Victory over nafs is not the result of one feat, like, for example, a warrior sacrificing himself for the victory of his army. Victory over nafs means thousands of feats, thousands of sacrifices that a believer makes every day, and in most cases no one knows about them except the Almighty and His angels who record the deeds. A feat is not always a big sacrifice. Sometimes greater effort and greater sincerity are required precisely by those small things that we usually do not attach importance to. I think that a feat is determined not by the scale of the action, but by the motive for its commission...
Magic word
There is a word that makes a small thing big, and the absence of which makes even a big thing not very important. This word is in the name of Allah, the Gracious and Merciful!
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Say Bismillah1iRrokhmaniRrohiim when you do something, and Satan will become smaller than a fly.”
Also, another hadith says: “If a person says, as a believer, “Bismillah,” then the mountains praise Allah along with him, but he (the person) does not hear them.”
The greatest deed is a deed done sincerely for the sake of Allah. And when a person begins a business with the words “in the name of Allah,” he reminds himself of the high goal that he is pursuing - the pleasure of Allah, His condescension and mercy. You can perform thousands of deeds for the sake of fame, for the sake of wealth, for the sake of the love of others, but none of this can be compared in greatness to that humble deed that is done for the sake of Allah Almighty. This is the “magic word” that makes even a small deed significant, and the absence of which turns even a feat into a dummy.
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The first phrase that the pen wrote on the tablet was the words “Bismillahi Rrahmani Rrahim”, and when you write, start writing with these words, for this phrase is the key to every book revealed (from Allah, like the Koran, Zabur, Tavrat, Injil). When the angel Jabrail came with this phrase in revelation, he repeated it three times and said: “This is for you and your community, command them (the people of the community) not to leave the basmala when starting every task, for I (Jabrail) and other angels we have not ceased to pronounce this phrase since it was revealed to Adam.”
Small acts of kindness
We often underestimate the importance of small good deeds and believe that we can only achieve Allah's mercy through great deeds. However, Allah Almighty is not inattentive. In the Koran, the Almighty says: “On that day people will come out in droves (from their graves) in order to receive (reward) for their deeds. Whoever does good - (at least) the weight of an atom of dust, he will receive (reward for) it. Whoever commits evil - (at least) the weight of an atom of dust, he will receive (retribution) for it."
On that day people will understand true value their deeds, and every good deed placed on the scales will be more valuable to them than the whole world. Because any of these matters can become “decisive”, determining his fate in eternity.
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Do not neglect anything that is approved, even if it is to meet your brother with a welcoming face.” The Companion of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “I do not care about anything.” I regretted it like a day on which the sun had already set, and it took something from my life, but did not add anything to my good deeds.”
Every new day is a thousand opportunities for achievement - for deeds done in the name of Allah, with gratitude to Him and seeking His mercy and contentment. This does not require any special conditions or critical situations when a person manifests himself as a hero. Every believer can be a hero. For example, when he fights his nafs and strengthens his faith and love for Allah. A believer finds a place for heroism every day and at every minute.
Romanticism as a new style of Russian literature appeared at the beginning of the 19th century. Its features were pathos, intense emotion in the speech of the heroes, the brightness of the images and extreme hyperbolization of the qualities of the heroes, and the unusualness of events.
The Romantics adopted from their time the idea of individual freedom put forward by the revolution, while simultaneously realizing the defenselessness of a person in a society where monetary interests prevail.
That is why the worldview of many romantics is characterized by confusion and confusion in front of the world around them, and personal tragedy. The romantic artist does not set himself the task of accurately reproducing real reality; rather, he tries to express his attitude towards it. Create your own, fictional image of the world, so that through this fiction, this contrast, you can convey to the reader your ideal, your rejection of the world he denies. The heroes of romanticism are restless, passionate and indomitable.
Almost all the heroes of Gorky's early works are the embodiment of courage, determination, selflessness, and faith in a lofty ideal.
In “The Old Woman Izergil” Gorky develops the theme of the meaning of life. The story consists of three parts, each of which can serve as the basis for a separate work. The author builds the story on the principle of contrast. He contrasts two heroes - Lappy and Danko. People condemn Lappy, selfish and arrogant, to eternal loneliness. The greatest blessing of life becomes eternal torment. The meaning of this legend is that a person cannot live for himself, away from society - he perishes morally, dies from suffering. The author emphasizes this with the following sentence: “There was so much melancholy in his eyes that one could poison all the people of the world with it.” And since the eyes are the mirror of the soul, this determines the entire mental state of the hero.
The opposite of Larra is the image of Danko, brave, proud, beautiful and strong. Danko gives everything he has to people. His life becomes a feat because he follows a high goal - to save people; he is proud, but not proud of himself, but of the person as a whole. He sacrifices himself. But Gorky shows that this life is also maximalist.
At the center of the work, Gorky placed a story about Izergil herself. At first you might think that the image of the old woman combines the features of both Larra and Danko, that her personality is a balance between two extremes. But upon closer examination, Izergil becomes closer to Lappe rather than to Danko. She lived only for herself, and although she says that man is free, she herself wants freedom only for herself.
That is why, when describing her portrait, the author focuses his attention on her sultriness and emptiness: “...dry, cracked lips, a pointed chin with gray hair on it and a wrinkled nose, curved like the beak of an owl. In place of the cheeks there were black pits... the skin on the face, neck and arms was all cut up with wrinkles, and with every movement of old Izergil one could expect that this dry skin would tear all apart, fall apart in pieces and a naked skeleton with dull black eyes would stand before me.” . M. Gorky also emphasizes the creaking of her voice, which “sounded as if all forgotten centuries were grumbling, embodied in her chest as shadows of memories.” All this suggests that fate punished Izergil for a life lived incorrectly.
In the story “Makar Chudra” the story is told on behalf of the young man. Here the author shows us two types of attitudes towards life. Chudra himself believes that the meaning of life is in the glorious lot of a tramp, and the narrator is convinced that the meaning of life is to “learn and teach.”
Makar Chudra tells an amazing legend about Radda and Loiko. Both are beautiful and strong personalities, both powerful and proud. They love each other, but cannot be together. The heroes of the story do not want to compromise, they do not want to obey anyone, not even their loved one. And in the choice between submission and death, Loiko gives preference to the latter. Heroes die, but the legend continues to live in the mouths of people.
Indeed, “in life... there is always room for exploits,” and everyone decides for himself whether to perform them or not. However, to live means to feel and think, to suffer and to bliss, and any other life means death. Gorky's maximalist heroes reveal their truth to us: to live means to burn oneself with the fire of struggle, quest and anxiety.
The old gypsy woman Izergil talks about one of her many lovers whom she knew in her youth, about a Pole - “a worthy gentleman with a hacked-up face” who fought against the Turks on the side of the Greeks:
What are the Greeks to him if he is a Pole? Here's what: he loved exploits. And when a person loves feats, he always knows how to do them and will find where it is possible. In life, you know, there is always room for exploits. And those who do not find them for themselves are simply lazy and cowards, or do not understand life, because if people understood life, everyone would want to leave behind their shadow in it. And then life would not devour people without a trace...
Yesterday I went to bed very late. I was terribly reluctant to get up, but hunger was no big deal: I really wanted to eat. What helped me get to my feet was a bright thought about a bright prospect, which even made my cerebellum drool: “In the refrigerator there are four cutlets with a side dish of boiled lobia. Now I’ll eat it with Vietnamese pepper sauce and wash it down with deadly strong coffee!” He jumped to his feet, walked with a spring in his step to the kitchen, without even running to the toilet on the way, and discovered that there was only one cutlet in the refrigerator.
In upset feelings, he warmed up the food in the microwave, sat down at the table to enjoy what God sent, or rather, what God did not steal, and saw the inviting gaze of his bug daughters, who, positioned on both sides, without blinking their eyes , stared with their noses at my cutlet. Then I remembered the worthy gentleman with the chopped up face. I divided the cutlet into three equal parts: in life there is always a place for heroic deeds, and for this you do not need to sign up as a volunteer for war!
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