Art Deco(from the French “art deco”) - style movement of art in America and other countries Western Europe XX century. Art Deco characterized by a combination of monumental weighted form; a combination of some elements of the styles of cubism, modernism and expressionism; using expressive forms of “technical design”. It got its name from the International Exhibition in Paris dedicated to decorative arts and industry. It was she who became the impetus for the development and spread of this style.
Art Deco became the most mysterious style of the twentieth century, captivating everyone with its brightness and exoticism.
This style conquered the whole world and still remains a source of inspiration for designers. That's probably why Armani did it in best traditions art deco its latest Casa collection.
Today the term " Art Deco" is an internationally recognized synonym for efficiency, although at first it was used to define a decorative art. Marie Laurencin is one of the most prominent representatives of this style, who worked in this manner. This term denotes a style that combines symmetry, classicism and straightforwardness. This is a product of various sources, on the one hand, Cubism and Art Nouveau, and on the other - ancient art East, Africa, Egypt and the American continents.
Art Deco As an artistic movement, it emerged between 1906 and 1912 and flourished in the decade between 1925 and 1935. Art Deco began as a graceful innovation and then evolved into a strikingly uncompromising and simple life style. Representatives of many movements of modern decorative and fine art tried to find a way to express the speed and pressure, thanks to which trains, cars, and airplanes changed existing world. We tried to find forms and color schemes, which would be simpler than those used before.
In order to gain popularity in Hollywood, style Art Deco it only took a few years. Here he acquired the name “star style” and turned into a worldwide recognized symbol of spectacularity from an ordinary French phenomenon. The term " Art Deco" denoted a style that combines symmetry, classicism, straightforwardness, and is more convenient to define decorative creativity during two world wars.
Art Deco - the style of the stars
Art Deco artists
My first confession Art Deco received in Europe, but its influence quickly spread to the United States. It was there that his passion for the Hollywood film industry contributed to his enormous popularity. Greta Garbo from the MGM film in Mata's costume looked like an Art Deco figurine made of bronze, and the sets and costumes for the film Cleopatra by Paramount evoked a direct association with the ornamentation of the new New York skyscraper.
Municipal buildings, schools, shops, palaces and World's Fair pavilions were built in a style that was simultaneously streamlined, neoclassical, playful, graceful and monumental.
Throughout the country, cinemas were decorated with luxurious facades, exquisite interiors, and bright neon signs in the Art Deco style. At the same time, the unique and accessible appearance of the city was formed by: the Empire State Building, the neoclassical sculptures of the Rockefeller Center, and the arched spire of the Chrysler Building.
Art Deco is a movement of eclectic art formed in France in the early 20s of the 20th century. He dominated in fashion design, architecture, applied art, and interior design. In the 30s and 40s, art deco became popular throughout the world.
Story
The direction appeared at the beginning of the 20th century - in the period 1907 - 1915. At this time, the first works marked characteristic features style. Some researchers note that the works of this time are the first attempts by artists to create canvases in an eclectic style.
The term appeared after the International Exhibition in Paris in 1925. The exhibition featured luxury goods. The purpose of the exhibition is to show leading place Paris in the world of fashion and style. Until 1928, the direction was the property of only Europe; in the early 30s, the American version of art deco appeared, which had its own characteristics.
Story gothic style in painting
Characteristic
Art Deco is art that reflects modern technologies, characterized by smooth lines, creating images from geometric shapes, the use of bright, flashy colors in the interior and fine arts. The movement arose as a reaction against the austerity introduced during the First World War. The works were filled with luxury, brightness, excesses; expensive materials were used in the interior and other types of creativity (silver, crystal, ivory, jade). After the Great Depression, the direction developed, but began to concentrate on the production of less expensive products with a focus on mass production. Chrome, plastic, metal and other industrial materials for the middle class were used. Art Deco has always been associated with glamor and brightness, but it is also characterized by functionality and practicality. 
Since the late 40s, art deco began to be perceived as too colorful, pretentious for wartime and austerity, and therefore gradually went out of fashion. A surge of interest in art deco occurred in the 1960s - it coincides with the pop art movement. Another stage of development was the 80s, when interest in graphic design increased. The trend has become fashionable in design and clothing.
Features of hyperrealism as a style in painting
Characterized by a strong interest in the aesthetics of the 20s of the 20th century, perceived exclusively in connection with the fashion and trends of this period. The peculiarity of the style is that the representatives were not united into a single community, group or school of painting. Art Deco was an eclectic movement that mixed a large number of cultural influences. 
Ideas
The artists adopted the key ideas and principles of work from the modernists and neoclassicists.
- Neoclassical ideals of beauty with their characteristic rigor were inherent in the works of the masters of the new movement.
- The use of bright, intense shades, according to researchers, stems from the work of the Parisian Fauves.
- Some ideas are borrowed from Aztec art and Egyptian culture, classical antiquity.
- Unlike Art Nouveau painting, Art Deco had no philosophical basis - it was a purely decorative movement.
- Ethnic ornamental compositions in paintings by artists, in the interior;
- “Russian Seasons” or S. Diaghilev’s Russian Ballet.
Surrealism as a style in painting
The development of style in difficult economic and political conditions, during the period of active development of science and technology, was reflected in the themes of the paintings. The artists' works serve decorative purposes, pleasing to the eye, uplifting. The painters make no attempt to exert a psychological influence or convey their philosophical views through paintings. The goal of art deco is to connect best features styles, creating something new and beautiful.
Main features of the style
Minimalism as a style in painting
Using new materials that were used in combination, Art Deco introduced scientific progress, growth of technology. The luxurious appearance of paintings in the art deco style will fit perfectly into the interior of a rich apartment, a cruise ship, or a modern cinema. The style has survived several crises, thanks to practicality, simplicity, brightness and individuality.
Artists
The term Art Deco is rarely applied to painting or sculpture, and dominates in architecture and design, but in the interwar period a number of artists presented their works, executed according to all the standards of the style: Tamara Gorska or Tamara de Lempicka, painting “The Musician” (1929), “Self-Portrait” in a green Bugatti" (1925), French artist, poster creator Adolphe Jean-Marie Mouron, known as Cassandre, was one of the best graphic artists, winning the Grand Prix at a poster competition in Paris. 
Art Deco
Art Deco, (French art déco, literally “decorative art”, from the name of the 1925 Paris exhibition, French Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes, Russian. International exhibition modern decorative and industrial arts) - an influential movement in the visual and decorative arts the first half of the 20th century, which first appeared in France in the 1920s, and then became popular in the 1930s-1940s on an international scale, manifested mainly in architecture, fashion, painting, and ceased to be relevant in the period after World War II war. It is an eclectic style, representing a synthesis of modernism and neoclassicism. Art Deco style also has a significant influence such artistic directions like cubism, constructivism and futurism.
Distinctive features- strict regularity, bold geometric shapes, ethnic geometric patterns, design in halftones, lack of bright colors in the design, while colorful ornaments, luxury, chic, expensive, modern materials(ivory, crocodile skin, aluminum, rare woods, silver). In the USA, the Netherlands, France and some other countries, Art Deco gradually evolved towards functionalism.
The international exhibition held in Paris in 1925 and officially called "Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes" gave birth to the term "Art Deco". This exhibition showed the world luxury goods made in France, proving that Paris remained an international center of style after the First World War.
The Art Deco movement itself existed before the opening of the exhibition in 1925 - it was a noticeable movement in European art 1920s It only reached American shores in 1928, where in the 1930s it transformed into Streamline Moderne, an Americanized offshoot of Art Deco that became business card this decade.
Paris remained the center of the Art Deco style. In furniture it was embodied by Jacques-Émile Ruhlmann, the most famous furniture designer of the era and perhaps the last of the classic Parisian ébéniste (cabinet makers). In addition, the works of Jean-Jacques Rateau, the products of the company “Süe et Mare”, Eileen Gray screens, forged metal products by Edgar Brandt, metal and enamel of the Swiss Jewish origin Jean Dunant, glass by the great René Lalique and Maurice Marino, as well as Cartier watches and jewelry.
The symbol of Art Deco in decorative and applied arts was sculpture made of bronze and ivory. Inspired by Diaghilev's "Russian Seasons", the art of Egypt and the East, as well as the technological achievements of the "machine age", French and German masters created unique style in small plastic arts of the 1920s - 1930s, which raised the status of decorative sculpture to the level of “ high art" Classic representatives of Art Deco in sculpture are considered to be Dmitry Chiparus, Claire Jean Robert Colinet, Paul Philippe (France), Ferdinand Preiss, Otto Poertzel (Germany), Bruno Zack, J. Lorenzl (Austria).
Although the term Art Deco originated in 1925, it was not commonly used until attitudes toward the era changed in the 1960s. The masters of the Art Deco style were not part of a single community. The movement was considered eclectic, influenced by several sources.
Art Deco masters loved to use materials such as aluminum, stainless steel, enamel, wood inlay, shark and zebra skin. Zigzag and stepped forms, wide and energetic curved lines (as opposed to the soft flowing curves of Art Nouveau), chevron motifs and piano keys were actively used. Some of these decorative motifs became ubiquitous, such as the key pattern found in the designs of women's shoes, radiators, Radio City lecture halls, and the spire of the Chrysler Building. The interiors of cinemas and ocean liners such as the Ile de France and Normandy were readily decorated in this style. Art Deco was luxurious, and it is believed [source not specified 1667 days] that this luxury is a psychological reaction to the asceticism and restrictions of the First World War.
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