There are never too many ideas for creativity, but if in creative process Children also participate - you must agree that it often becomes not only creative, but also exploratory. WITH simple techniques the use of watercolors, which will show us from a new side the properties of some ordinary objects, introduces us today to Anastasia Borisova , blog author English4.me - English for me and my family. Anastasia's blog is not only about language, but also about creativity, so today we are going on an excursion to creative storerooms and learning simple watercolor techniques and techniques.
There are so many creative and well-rounded mothers here on! And interesting finds await us at every step. Many mothers, seeing the incredible results of their 2-4 year old child’s work after some kind of training - even if not always as intended - exclaim: “How original and simple! Where is this taught? Everyone wants to become a little bit of a sorceress for their children.
So, using the simplest techniques, in 15 minutes I painted a winter landscape, which my husband considered worthy of putting up for sale. 🙂
The best children's books
Unconventional use of materials and variety created effects They give the child the feeling “I can!”, and allow the mother, who all her life thought that she couldn’t draw, to overcome “I can’t.”
Watercolor is a fluid and unruly thing. We will use precisely these not always convenient properties, creating “masterpieces” mainly “wet”.
1. Crayon resistance effect - manifestations of wax crayon
This is perhaps the most common technique. Using a wax crayon or a candle, a drawing or inscription is applied to a sheet of paper, and the top is painted over with watercolors. Using a white chalk or candle, you can write secret notes or greetings; yellow chalk creates a glow effect; bright blues, greens and pinks under dark watercolors - a neon effect. You can also combine this technique with rubbing. We put a textured backing under the sheet (whatever you can find at home) and rub it on top with the flat side of the chalk. If you do this carefully and place leaves or some kind of relief object, you get excellent prints.
2. Salt - salt over wet watercolor
By sprinkling salt on a still wet painted sheet, you can achieve interesting effects. Medium-coarse salt leaves “snowflakes” on the blue when dried. On a green background you will get translucent foliage. Fine extra salt dries almost completely. This way you can add texture to a road, a stone, or create a galaxy.
3. Blotting - bleaching paint.
By removing excess water and a layer of paint from the sheet with a dry napkin, you can draw winter spruce trees covered with snow or sea foam. A pale moon or sun will turn out if you wrap it paper napkin toilet paper tube and blot the watercolor sky. Even a drawing that has already dried can be corrected by sprinkling it with water and gently rubbing the desired area.
If you crumple a napkin and apply it to blue sky, you will get very natural clouds.
A crumpled napkin also allows you to get interesting texture. Texture sheets can then be successfully used when creating collages.
4. Pressing - pushing
In the picture above you can see a clear inscription in dark letters (I ...). It was made on wet watercolor with the tip of a brush (the paint seems to flow into the depressed hollows). This way you can sign the drawing or add details. The same principle applies to placing a sheet of wet watercolor with a textured object on it under a press. It is best, of course, to print the leaves this way. But even feathers and a tree branch make a good decorative picture.
5. Splatter and spray
A toothbrush plus watercolors will help you make rain, snow, falling leaves, or depict the wind. It's fun to just splash different colors on a dry leaf. A moistened leaf will give a completely different effect. You will be able to watch how the droplets blur, merging with each other into a bizarre ornament.
You can spray around the stencil, or vice versa inside it. A consistently original result is guaranteed. Just don't forget to cover your workspace with newspapers; paint will fly everywhere.
6. Masking tape - painting with masking tape
I was surprised to discover that the above-mentioned adhesive tape peels off from the paper several times, which means we use it as a basis for the stencil. You can tear it into uneven strips with your hands and draw a forest.
Any geometric compositions turn out great. You can even cut out something more detailed into the thickness of the tape, like the houses in the first photo. The main thing is that this stencil does not need to be additionally secured and held, and the likelihood of paint getting under it is not high if the edges are smoothed well.
7. Foam painting - drawing with foam
Fun and beautiful texture all rolled into one. In a container you need to mix water, a little liquid soap and lots and lots of paint. We hand the child a straw and allow him to blow bubbles. As soon as the tall hat grows, we attach paper to it. In this case, it is better to undress the child completely, so that it will be easier to wash later.
8. Alcohol and citric acid - alcohol and citric acid
Both liquids seem to “move apart” and “eat away” the paint. A drop of alcohol gives a fish eye effect, and its volatility can create additional areolas around the eye, similar to a halo around the sun. Very unusual.
Lemon juice spreads well over fresh watercolors, but has no effect on dried ones. It spreads quite a lot on its own, so it’s important not to overdo it. Ideally, you get these “furry” blots. After drying, they can be turned into monsters or something else by adding arms, legs, eyes.
9. Stamping - stamping
In my opinion, it is better to work with stamps with thicker paints - gouache, acrylic. You can use whatever is at hand, and also cut out stamps from potatoes, imprint cut vegetables, etc. Watercolor is good for creating textures. We take a napkin, dip it in paint and leave marks that are quite similar to stones, for example.
10. Plastic cling wrap - cling film
Did you know that film can also draw? It is enough to lay it on wet watercolor and move it. The result is ice crystals or other kinds of abstractions.
If you make one large, even “window” framed by wrinkles, then after the paint dries you will see, say, a lake or wormwood. In the photo it even looks like it turned out to be a rose.
11. Blowing
Another technique for drawing with a tube. And again you need to blow, but now as hard as possible, driving a drop of paint along the sheet. As a result, you will get intricate trees or just funny weirdos, or perhaps hair for a pre-drawn character.
If you want, you can let the paint flow on its own wherever it wants. Just turn the sheet over vertically and then play around with your child, this is what it looks like.
12. Light table - light table
Or a window, in other words. 🙂 This technique is not for kids, but mom can create a gallery of children’s portraits if she wants. All relatives will be provided with gifts for the year ahead. In childhood, I think everyone “combined” pictures by placing the original with a white sheet of paper against the window. What if you take a photo? In photo editors, you need to ensure that there are 2 colors left - black and white (posterize function).
Then there are several options for action. You can paint over all the white areas with wax crayon or a candle, and then go over with watercolors. It turns out interesting, but not very clean, because it’s quite difficult to track where the chalk went.
You can simply outline all the white spots with a pencil, and then carefully fill in the rest with paint. It's not as long or as difficult as it seems. Just a little patience and accuracy, and you will have 3-4 portraits during your children's nap.
If you decide to put things on stream, then it is better to purchase reserve liquid for watercolor paper in hobby markets. We apply it with a brush on white, go over it with watercolors, and then remove the reserve, like a film from a sheet. Fast, clean, original.
Watercolor– simple and accessible material for children's creativity, A watercolor games with kids preschool age – a great way to develop creative thinking. You can read the first part of the article, and today - new games with watercolors for children from one and a half years old, “Seasons”. We not only collected interesting ways watercolor works for children, but also chose the ones most suitable for each time of year.
To play with watercolors we will need: watercolor paints, brushes, white paper, water container + water, juice straws, ballpoint pens, wax pencils. Before you start working with watercolor paints, it is better to cover the table with oilcloth and put a special protective apron on the child.
Watercolor games for children
1. Winter. Draw something with a white wax pencil, and then invite your child to make a beautiful watercolor background. When the baby starts drawing, your drawing will appear. This is such a simple trick that brings a lot of joy to little artists. White wax pencils in combination with watercolors it’s very cool to paint winter: snowflakes, snowmen, snowdrifts, etc.
2. Autumn. If you dried beautiful leaves in the summer, you can also use them in games with watercolors. Apply thicker paint to the leaf (the less water, the better) and make an imprint. It turns out very decorative; with such prints you can decorate or make a panel to decorate a child’s room. You will have the most beautiful autumn.
3. Summer. Invite your child to draw several multi-colored spots, then trace them with a pen with black paste or a felt-tip pen. Draw on the paws, tails, beaks. And now the funny birds are ready. In the same way, you can draw mice, pigs or bunnies, in a word, all those birds and animals that we meet on summer walks. This exercise is good for developing imagination and can be offered to children over two years old. 
4. Spring. Wet a sheet of white paper with water, and then immediately apply the paints; you will get a beautiful background, since the paints will mix very well. Let the background dry and move on to the second stage. If your child gets tired quickly, you can draw on the clean slate, it also turns out well.
We drop some paint and start blowing on the drop of paint through a straw. The straw should be held close to the paint, and the sheet of paper should be rotated. The paint will flow weirdly. By turning the straw and blowing in different directions, you can get very interesting drawings. The easiest way is to draw the sun or grass, and then you can move on to the trees.
Once a child has practiced, this technique can be used to draw wonderful spring landscapes. For children over three years old.
We hope you enjoyed the watercolor games for children "Seasons". We will be glad if you photograph the resulting masterpieces and send them to us; we will definitely publish the most beautiful ones! How do you play with watercolors? Share in the comments.
Drawing a landscape in watercolors step by step for children from 5 years old. Master class with step-by-step photos
Master class on painting with watercolors from 5 years old "Landscape". Introduction to watercolor paints
Author: Natalya Aleksandrovna Ermakova, teacher, Municipal Budgetary educational institution additional education children "Children's art school named after A. A. Bolshakov", the city of Velikiye Luki, Pskov region.Description: The master class is intended for children from 5 years old and their parents, educators, and additional education teachers.
Purpose: interior decoration, gift, drawing for exhibitions and competitions.
Target: creating a landscape using watercolor technique.
Tasks:
-introduce children to the profession of an artist, give them an idea of fine art and painting;
-teach how to work with watercolors: wetting the paints before painting, diluting with water to obtain different shades one color, thoroughly rinse the brush.
-learn to work with color when creating a landscape using watercolor technique;
- practice working with different numbers brushes;
- to develop an interest in fine arts.
I have a pencil
Multi-colored gouache,
Watercolor, palette, brush
And a thick sheet of paper,
And also a tripod easel,
Because I...(artist)
Hello, dear guests! An artist is a wonderful profession. All he has to do is take paper, brushes, and paints. There was nothing on paper, but the first lines appeared: one, another - the picture was ready.
An artist can draw anything: a house, a forest, people, animals. And the artist paints pictures. And he writes according to his own plan, like a writer
An artist is a person who knows how to see beauty in the ordinary, remembers his impressions and knows how to express his thoughts and fantasies on paper, in stone or in other materials.
The artist knows how to create new worlds in his paintings and drawings, unprecedented beauties and strange animals, and sometimes something completely new, the colors in the drawings turn into fireworks of colors and shades, they evoke incredible joyful emotions.
The first artists appeared in the Stone Age. The role of canvas or paper was then played by the walls of stone caves and various kinds household items of ancient people, and artists used coal and mineral dyes as paints. The work of the artist was closely connected with the production of paints, and people considered this a magical effect. Much later, people began to paint icons, portraits, still lifes, landscapes - and they began to call all this the world visual arts(the art of capturing images).
So, artists are people who practice fine art, there are many various directions in this profession:
-An artist is an artist in the broad sense of the word (he can do everything)
-An artist is a person who practices fine art.
-Graphic artist - deals with graphics (drawings with pencil, charcoal, felt-tip pens)
-Photo artist - engaged in photo art
-Cartoonist
-Illustrator
- Painter - engages in painting.
Painting is the art of depicting objects with paints. One of the types of fine art associated with the transmission of visual images through the application of paints to a rigid or flexible surface. The name came from two words “live” (living) and “write” (draw) - so it turns out to write like a living thing, and artists who paint began to be called painters.
IN art gallery
There are very, very many of them.
On this sea we see
And over there is the road.
Oil, watercolor
Artists' creations. (Paintings)
There are many different directions (topics for drawing) in painting, let's look at some of them:
If you see what's in the picture
Is anyone looking at us?
Or a prince in an old cloak,
Or a steeplejack in a robe,
Pilot or ballerina,
Or Kolka, your neighbor,
Required picture
It's called a portrait.
If you see in the picture
Cup of coffee on the table
Or fruit juice in a large decanter,
Or a rose in crystal,
Or a bronze vase,
Or a pear, or a cake,
Or all items at once,
Know that this is a still life.
If you see in the picture
A river is drawn
Or spruce and white frost,
Or a garden and clouds,
Or a snowy plain
Or a field and a hut,
Required picture
It's called landscape
The artist creates his paintings and drawings using various paints - gouache, watercolor and many other paints. A true artist first of all always gets to know his paints, studies their properties, colors and shades. Conducts experiments on mixing paints and obtaining new colors, diluting them with water or painting thickly and richly. Today we will get acquainted with watercolors, what kind of paints are these?
Their name is related to water because "Aqua" means "water". When you dissolve them with water and start painting, you create the effect of lightness, airiness, and subtle color transitions. Before painting, be sure to moisten the paint with water. Dip the brush in clean water and shake off the drops onto the paint without touching them with the bristles of the brush.
Before you start painting, you need to try out the paints. Each color is tested on paper, we put paint on the brush and draw small specks of the color of each paint. And you can immediately see which paint is transparent and which is strong and saturated. A very important feature of watercolor paints is that the more you dilute them with water, the more transparent they will appear, and if you add less water, the colors will be more saturated. After trying each color, you need to wash your brush so as not to stain the paint. Watercolor paint is clear, transparent and loves cleanliness. After we have become acquainted with all the colors, we can conduct experiments on mixing different colors, two, or even three. Remember which paint is friends with which, or vice versa, their friendship ends badly and turns out to be a dirty puddle.
Three colors, three colors, three colors
Guys, isn't this enough?
Where can we get green and orange?
What if we mix paints in pairs?
From blue and red (this one)
We will get the color ... (purple).
And we will mix blue and yellow.
What color do we get? (green)
And red plus yellow is no secret to everyone,
Of course they will give it to us... (orange color).
This exercise to get acquainted with paints is carried out before the main task, children happily respond and conduct experiments with color. This exercise can be done on a separate piece of paper, but it is better to keep a “cheat sheet” album, where children will do exercises to get acquainted with color and learn various painting techniques every time.
Materials and tools:
-sheet of A3 paper (for landscape)
- A4 sheet for testing colors (or album)
-watercolor
- brushes of three sizes (large, medium, thin)
-simple pencil, eraser (for the youngest children - you can use it to draw a horizon line)
-a glass for water
-cloth for brushes
Progress of the master class:
I see a land hitherto unknown.
The land around is well maintained and beautiful...
But to me, my soul, it’s so lovely here!
So broad is the beauty of my Russia!
Today we will draw a landscape; for kids, showing the future drawing and examining it - what is depicted on it - plays a good role.
The landscape begins with the border of sky and earth - this is the horizon line, where they meet each other. Draw a horizon line with the tip of the brush, then begin to paint the sky from the very top of the sheet in a horizontal direction. I always draw with the kids, new trick, a new detail of the work and the children repeat this in their drawing.
Brush strokes should be large, smooth, use the largest brush. The paint must be diluted well with water, and try to create an even, plain background.
Then from the horizon line we draw the earth, the field (green color). The brush must be washed thoroughly after each color. Paint the surface horizontally with a large brush, green with a lot of water added.
Now take a medium-sized brush and paint with its tip. The paint color is emerald - we paint the hills, the paint is bright and rich.
Using a clean brush and water, blur the emerald lines of the hills, from the emerald color to the main green. So that there is a smooth transition from color to color. The work is carried out with the addition of a large amount of water, almost on a damp background (that’s why the work shines). Excess water can be removed by dabbing with a cloth.
We leave the field to dry and return to working on the sky. We put red paint on the brush and draw a rich stripe above the horizon line.
Wash the brush, use a clean brush with water to draw a line along the bottom edge of the red stripe, blur it.
Add orange in the same way and yellow colors.
Now we draw blades of grass using vertical small strokes; the further they are from us, the smaller they are.
Then wash the brush, squeeze it out and lightly smear the blades of grass, as if rubbing them with a brush. Draw a red sun.
By slapping the leaf with a brush we draw bushes.
Along the horizon we draw a line saturated with blue - a forest in the distance. And with a thin brush, a blade of grass in the foreground of the drawing.
Use a thin brush to make vertical blue lines, where there is a forest, there are trees.
Let's highlight the forest in the distance with a thin black line (thin brush), and draw branches on the bushes.
The very first paints that our children become acquainted with are far from the proud title of “watercolors”. Our child receives a small, cute plastic box with 6-8 bright flowers under a transparent lid and a terrible plastic brush inside, which is easier to spread glue on the cardboard than to create masterpieces. Meanwhile, watercolor paints were known in Ancient China, and in Egypt, and in Rome and Greece, however, they were used for the most part not for their intended purpose, but for writing and graphic illustrations for text, then for makeup, and only only after - for drawing.
Painting with watercolors, as such, arose much later, only at the end of the 18th century. IN early XIX century, it finally took shape as an independent form of art and began to be considered a subject of passion for select people who could afford to spend hours mastering this complex technology drawing.
The name of the technique is directly dependent on the moisture content of the paper on which the drawing is applied. Thus, the “English watercolor” technique is performed on wet paper, “Italian” – “dry”. The combination of these techniques produces truly beautiful works, where soft color transitions are outlined by strict boundaries of another translucent tone.
A la Prima – quick writing on a wet field, creating unique streak effects, flowing from one color to another, with multi-colored tints and a transparent “glass” background. This technique requires a refined sense of color and compositional solutions, because... written in one session - the possibility of any corrections is excluded. This is a single layer technique.
Multilayer involves the art of glazing - a method of applying watercolor paints with translucent strokes, darker ones on lighter ones (and vice versa), already dried layers. In glazing, strokes rarely mix, often even the boundaries of the stroke itself are visible, but the gap of the paper must remain and the top color is not necessarily the same shade as the previous one.
It's just general concepts about a variety of techniques and “sub-techniques” that are accessible and understandable to artists who have chosen watercolor as their muse. But while this is still not available to the young “Michelangelo” - your child, he only has to learn how to mix colors for the chosen drawing, how to choose the appropriate brush and technique, how to find his own style of writing, so that his works can be recognized “by the master’s hand.” ”, and they knew the paintings “by sight”.
Over time, he will begin to understand paints and canvases, the tones of different strokes, the degree of moisture of different parts of the paper, etc., etc., and to begin with, he just needs to buy good watercolor paints in 12 colors of any brand you like.
On video: checking watercolor paints for quality.
Domestic watercolor
Let’s put aside the art paints for children with 6 ditches and a brush that bristles in all directions, shamelessly called a “painting brush.” Let's take a closer look at the products of OJSC Gamma (Moscow) and ZHK (Artistic Paints Plant) Nevskaya Palitra (St. Petersburg).
“Gamma” is a very good watercolor for the first steps into the world of art, but it still does not reach the level of professional paints, although it is listed as such.
But St. Petersburg watercolors are a real legend from the times of the USSR. Names such as “Sonnet”, “Neva”, “Ladoga”, “White Nights” sound like music to the ears of watercolor artists who have been familiar with bright, beautiful flowers in mini-containers since childhood. This is not only the widest range of colors, it is the highest quality of products!
The watercolors in the “Ladoga” set are labeled as professional paints and for professional training.
“Sonnet” and “White Nights” are suitable for both cool sharks and a child to get acquainted with the canons watercolor painting. The paints are characterized by excellent miscibility and economical use.
The cuvette containers themselves are completely filled, a film with the correct names of colors in two languages is placed on top, which will help the child immediately learn the name of the paint in Russian and English. 12 or 16 colors are enough for the first lessons, 36 is a lot and expensive, but it is best to purchase set of 24 cuvettes. Of course, even from 12 colors you can get a fairly large number of beautiful mixed colors with different shades, but choosing 24 will be optimal, and the price won’t hurt your pocket.
In principle, no matter which of the St. Petersburg sets you like, you won’t go wrong: they are all similar to each other, they all have bright, decorative colors, and the pigments are generally the same. The only difference is the price. It is also convenient that any of the used cuvettes can be easily replaced by purchasing exactly the same one separately from the set and inserting it into the vacant slot.
Advice! Do not throw away empty cuvette trays! They will come in handy more than once to the young artist for storage mixed colors, which he will learn to compose himself.
Foreign analogues
Is there an alternative to St. Petersburg watercolors? Eat. Since we have decided on a Russian manufacturer, let’s see what watercolors our “foreign friends” offer us:
- Holland.
It is famous not only for its tulips, but also for the amazing Van Gogh watercolors produced by the Royal Talens factory. The name of this artist should signify high quality paints, and this fully justifies its name. Considering the considerable age of the brand and its steadfastness in the art products market, there is no doubt about the quality of these painting paints.
The VG brand produces pastels, paper, canvases, brushes and pencils. All paints can be either in ditches or in tubes (tubes).
Holland can offer another line of Royal Talens - watercolors, oils and acrylic paints Rembrandt (Rembrandt). This is the oldest brand, known since 1899, as wine - the older, the better the taste (quality). This is truly a cult brand!
Produces Royal Talens and Ecoline liquid watercolors in branded square bottles.
- Germany.
It is famous for the brand of “Florentine production” - watercolors, oils, acrylics of natural and synthetic composition Da Vinci (Da Vinci). The paints are available in two sets: for professionals and beginning artists – study. But German brushes, which are made by hand from kolinsky fur, sable, arctic fox and ox bristles, have received special recognition. There are also synthetic analogues. If you have the opportunity to choose brushes, then choose them. These are the best of the best!
Among the German brands, Schmincke paints are clearly the leaders - AKADEMIE® Aquarell watercolor paints (premium class). They are created according to old, one might say, family recipes. But we won’t dwell on them - the price of $130 for one cuvette does not scare off only professionals.
- France.
Presented by the Sennelier company, founded by Gustave Sennelier in 1887. Sennelier paints could well have been used by Picasso, Cezanne, Gauguin and Van Gogh himself. The company produces professional art watercolors Sennelier Artists for high professionals (another name is “L’aquarelle”) in 98 (!) colors and watercolors of a lower class - “Raphael” (Raphael). However, regardless of the class, both paints are made only on natural bases, in particular honey.
- England.
Of course, she could not stay away, and since 1832 she has been producing fantastic quality products from the Winsor & Newton company - art paints (watercolor, oil, acrylic) "Winsor & Newton" (Winsor & Newton). The triumphant march of products began with the union of the professional interests of the artist Henry Newton and the chemist William Winsor.
As is customary in many other companies, winsor newton “W&N” watercolor paint is available in two classes: “Winsor & Newton cotman” - for general works, and “Winsor&Newton artist” - for creating highly artistic watercolors. The company is also famous for its products for graphics and calligraphy. My head is spinning from the variety of watercolor delights!
Which is better to choose?
Let's conduct a small comparative casting between the most popular brands. The casting for the right to be called “The Best Watercolor Set for Beginners” includes:
- "White Nights" - BN.
- "Winsor & Newton Cotman" - W&N.
- "Van Gogh" - VG.
The palettes of all sets are bright, juicy, rich, grains are not noticeable (high-quality grinding of pigments), which means there will be no residue. When VG paper is tightly coated, the paint surface begins to shine slightly, as if covered with a thin film of varnish. Neither BN nor W&N give such an effect.
However, there is no purple in the VG set, but the heavenly shade of blue and blue is beyond praise! You will have to buy purple (from a different brand) or mix it from existing colors.
Washing is used to remove the base coating (paint) from paper with a damp or wrung-out brush on the wet layer at the artist’s request. All three watercolors are easily removed, leaving behind only a faint tint - part of the pigment.
Let's try a color-to-color transition. VG watercolors have a smooth transition and blending is easy, without harshness or mud. BN gets stuck in the structure of grainy paper, and W&N demonstrates the same thing. It's not a disaster. When changing the paper field, everything goes like clockwork!
W&N paints have a less saturated green than BN and VG. To get the proper color, you have to apply the paint thicker - it is better to replace the cuvette with a tray from another set.
All three candidates, even with strong water erosion, showed high light fastness (the design will not fade), brightness of the coloring pigment and good transparency. All three shades are soft and interact well with each other (good mixing), high degree
viscosity Comments on BN - they are inferior in terms of the fineness of the composition, but are significantly ahead of their “rivals” in terms of ease of application with a brush and in creating dark, deep, mesmerizing shades in the process of mixing paints. It turns out that the process of buying a good watercolor for a child is delayed: each of the applicants is good in their own way and each has its own specific shortcomings.
So what to do? Buy your child any desired set that he likes. Let him choose!
Make sure that the set contains the basic watercolor colors: cadmium yellow, orange, cadmium red, ocher, iron oxide red, kraplak (carmine), green, blue, ultramarine, emerald and burnt umber (black). The rest can be purchased separately, regardless of brands. Choose paper with a well-defined grain structure. Watercolor paper does not have to be perfectly smooth. Never!
Comparison of watercolors White Nights, Van Gogh and Sennelier (1 video)
Drawing lesson "Storm at sea"
The lesson on the topic “The Sea Is Troubled” is designed for 3 hours (1 hour of theory and 2 hours of practice).
Age: 7-8 years old.
THEORY (1 academic hour).
Target: introduce children to the concepts of “warmth and coldness”, “contrast”, based on tables on color science and reproductions of paintings by I. Aivazovsky.
Tasks:
- introduce the work of the Russian artist I. Aivazovsky;
- introduce the basics of color science, based on heat-coldity tables;
- learn to identify contrasting combinations of warm and cold colors.
Materials: reproductions of paintings by I. Aivazovsky, tables of warm and cold and contrasting combinations of warm and cold colors.
PRACTICE (2 study hours).
Target: draw up plot composition using contrasting color combinations.
Tasks:
- teach: 1) using the teacher’s demonstration, gradually build the composition of the drawing and work it out in color;
2) mix watercolor paints to obtain shades of colors and use them in the drawing;
Materials and tools: watercolor sheet (A4), watercolor paints (24 colors), brushes (Belka No. 3 and No. 5), a jar of water, a napkin (paper or cotton), a watercolor palette.
Today we will talk to you about color, its characteristics, what contrast is, why and how it is used in painting. Let's get acquainted with reproductions of paintings by the great Russian artist Ivan Aivazovsky.
We have already talked in previous lessons that all colors are divided into cold and warm. As we know, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and purple colors make up the spectrum.
Warm colors: red, yellow, orange and all others that contain at least a particle of these colors.
Cool colors: blues, cyan, greens, blue-violet, blue-green and colors that can be obtained by mixing with the named colors.
Knowledge of the basics of color, the system of color constructions is necessary for the successful creative work of any novice artist.
It is important to know that each color has three main properties: hue (the color itself), saturation and lightness.
In color science, there are the concepts of “light” and “color” contrast.
The phenomenon of color contrast is that a color changes under the influence of other colors surrounding it, or under the influence of colors that were previously observed.
Additional (or secondary) colors next to each other become brighter and more saturated. For example, a red tomato looks brighter next to parsley, and a purple eggplant next to a yellow turnip.
The contrast of blue and red is a prototype of the contrast of cold and warm colors.
We can say that contrast is one of the main techniques of artistic creativity.
Border contrast occurs at the borders of contact of colors located next to each other.
- Guys, today in class we will also get acquainted with the rules and techniques of composition, so that in the next lesson you can independently build the compositions of your paintings.
Composition techniques include: transmission of rhythm, symmetry and asymmetry, balance of parts of the composition and highlighting the plot-compositional center.
Rhythm is the alternation of any elements in a certain sequence.
Let’s look at the example of I. Aivazovsky’s painting “Among the Waves.”
Here we see a vivid example of the rhythmic arrangement sea waves. The artist arranged the waves in such a way that we get the impression of movement. And the center of the composition is a ray breaking through the clouds, illuminating the wave in the center of the picture. And let's note. What a contrast it makes with the dark waves in the background.
In the painting by the same author “The Ninth Wave” we again see a sequence, a rhythm of huge blue-green and yellow-green waves. The green of the waves creates a contrast with the red and yellow sky of the dawn.
In the center of the composition is the sun, which seems to break the curtain of clouds. At the edge of the picture are people who managed to survive the storm. They, in alliance with the sun, create a contrast with the raging sea. Victory over the elements is the plot of this composition. But how unusually the artist conveys the structure of the crest of the ninth wave - that same destructive ninth wave.
In general, in the work of I. Aivazovsky there are a number of paintings that personify the violence of the elements. Among them famous picture"Storm at Sea."
In the center of the composition are two boats. In the boats there are rowers who row against the waves. In the background is a shipwrecked ship. The dark gray coloring of the picture is impeccable. The background and sky contrast with the blue waves in the foreground. Due to the contrast ratio, the foreground comes forward, and the background goes even deeper.
I. Aivazovsky has paintings dedicated to our Black Sea. Among them are “Storm on the Black Sea” (or “Storm over Evpatoria”) and “Storm at Sea at Night”.
In these paintings you can observe the contrast of complementary colors (or the contrast of warm and cold).
PRACTICE
- Today this knowledge will help us complete a plot composition on the theme “Storm at Sea.” But first, I'll show you an example. Any work, be it painting or graphic, is carried out in several stages.
Stage 1 – composition in thin lines.
We outline the horizon line, the distant plan - mountains and the sun. We draw the horizon line above the middle so that the plane of the sea takes up more space. We draw the sun low above the horizon – sunset.
Stage 2 – wave rhythm.
Since we need to depict a storm at sea, the waves should be high and rhythmically located across the entire plane of the sea. The closer to us, the larger the waves, and the closer to the horizon, the smaller. This is the phenomenon of linear perspective.
Stage 3 – filling the sky plane.
For the sky, we choose shades of yellow (but not lemon), ocher and orange, available in our paint palette. We remember that before we start pouring, we need to mix required colors on the palette. We fill “by pouring color into color” from the top edge of the sheet from left to right to the horizon line. Alternately using a brush to pick up the colors prepared on the palette - yellow, yellow with ocher and yellow with orange. After we fill to the horizon line, we collect the resulting drop using a dry brush.
Sun.
To fill the sun, we use the orange and red colors available in the paint palette.
The background is mountains.
In law aerial perspective For long-range We use cool colors – shades of purple and blue.
The sky is clouds.
During a storm, rain clouds form in the sky, which, thanks to air currents, can draw water from the sea, forming tornadoes. For the clouds we will use black, dark blue and dark blue paint. We prepare the paint on a palette and apply it with strokes of different colors.
Stage 4 – sea plane.
For the waves we use blue, ultramarine, dark blue (blue+black) watercolor colors and white gouache.
Let's start with the closest waves in the foreground. We alternately apply the colors pre-mixed on the palette (turquoise + blue, blue + ultramarine, ultramarine + black).
First we apply the light, then the penumbra and shadow of the wave.
Next, let the paint dry and, using white gouache, apply paint with the tip of a brush along the upper edge of the wave crest and along the lower edge, depicting splashes.
To depict the texture of the water of a raging sea, draw longitudinal lines with white gouache with a thin brush.
