How to open a children's cafe with a playroom in a small town: list of documents and general recommendations.

Children's cafes are a business sector that is just beginning to gain momentum in Russia - not only in large but also in small cities. We would advise you to pay your attention to this niche, since this business is quite interesting and will certainly be in demand.

The restaurant business is generally a very profitable business. The organization of children's leisure is slightly less inferior to it in terms of monetary turnover. Well, if you combine these two directions, consider that you have guessed a profitable niche. The only thing that is required in this business is to prepare truly high-quality food from fresh ingredients, be sensitive to preferences and draw up a competent business plan for a children's cafe before opening.

The costs of the cafe must be carefully taken into account in the business plan; special attention will undoubtedly need to be paid to the kitchen and interior of the establishment itself.

Be sure to watch the video in which real owners of children's cafes talk about the structure of the business from the inside:

We think it becomes clear right away that the cafe will be noisy, children will play there, run around and have fun. Parents will invite animators, magicians and other various show programs to the establishment. You yourself can offer this as an additional service, having previously agreed on a percentage with the children's presenters. This is like a big children's center, but with good food. Parents would really like this, since usually all food is ordered “outside”: cafes, restaurants, or they have to cook large portions of food at home themselves and bring everything in containers. In a children's cafe, such a tedious function for them disappears by itself.

Renting premises

It is best to rent the premises for a cafe. It should be very spacious, and don’t forget about the kitchen - there should also be enough space there.

In order for you to be able to accommodate 3 birthday parties at once in your cafe, you will need an area of ​​more than 200 m², this must be taken into account when developing a business plan. For now, let’s consider the 200 m² option to get an idea of ​​the cost. The price, of course, will vary throughout Russia - in a small town it could be 100,000 rubles or 500,000 rubles per month. Let's stop at the figure of 200,000 per month.

There is no need to rent premises “from scratch”, that is, not intended for a cafe. It will be easier to convert an existing facility into a children's cafe. The premises will need to be renovated taking into account the design solution; at least 300,000 rubles will be included in the business plan expenses.

The room must have a good exhaust hood and air conditioning so that unpleasant odors do not stagnate in the children's cafe.

In addition to custom birthday parties (and these will be held mainly from Friday to Sunday), the children's cafe can work as usual, for example from 11 a.m. to 7 p.m., to bring in additional income. In your business plan, take into account the fact that the cafe should be located in a high-traffic area where families walk. For example, central alleys, squares. Or just in the center, but put a small board somewhere in a crowded place, such that a children's cafe, for example, is right around the corner. A sign above a cafe also costs money - from 20,000.

Cafe interior and furniture


The children's cafe should be spacious enough, there should be plenty of space for children to play. Obviously, even if you have a specially designated “game room” in the cafe, the children will not limit themselves to it and will run around the entire establishment. Therefore, pay great attention to the furniture: it should not contain sharp corners, should not be bulky, but at the same time it should be strong enough, and also light. We would not recommend buying plastic furniture, as this will not give a pleasant ambience to the establishment. Plastic furniture is undoubtedly associated with summer cafes, barbecues, and certainly not with children's cafes.

Buying all the necessary furniture for the hall, children's playroom and kitchen is probably the biggest initial expense in a children's cafe business plan. If you buy at least 50 chairs, 10 tables, all the necessary cutlery, tablecloths, a bar counter, a dry children's pool, toys, etc. The cost of purchasing furniture in the business plan is from 500,000 rubles.

The room should look bright enough, but not so bright that children want to add something of their own to the interior by drawing a picture with a felt-tip pen on the wall.

Before opening a children's cafe, you need to become closely acquainted with children's interests: what cartoons they like now, what they are interested in. We think there is no point in decorating everything in the style of old, Soviet cartoons, which modern children don’t even know about. Drawings of these cartoon characters may be in a children's institution, but not in the foreground.

The main visitors to the cafe are still children, and they are the ones who will boast to each other that they were in your cafe, passing this information on to each other, and they, in turn, to their parents. A kind of “children's word of mouth”.

Hiring one designer to decorate a children's cafe will not be enough; you also need to invite artists who will paint the walls with your favorite cartoon characters. You can hire professional artists, but this is a fairly large expense in a business plan at the start. The best option is to find aspiring artists who need a place to practice and a portfolio. It is necessary to first carefully select candidates so that it doesn’t turn out too bad. A simple scheme of work: you just pay for the consumables, and they draw.

The cafe must have a games room, where at least a minimal amount of some items for children's entertainment will be provided: wall bars, balls, toys, ropes, a dry pool with balls.

How are children's cafes organized abroad? See for yourself and adopt experience :

Legal issues

We must not forget that before opening any business, it is necessary to register as an individual entrepreneur or LLC, obtain all the necessary documents, pay state fees, obtain permits from the fire service, from the SES.

In terms of business plan expenses, this is not as expensive as everything else (from 5,000 for an individual entrepreneur, from 11,000 for an LLC), but it still takes a lot of time. You can ask some outsourcing company to do all this for you, even if you pay twice as much. But this is the case, of course, if you are running out of time to open a children’s cafe or you want to quickly get down to business and not paperwork (which is actually the right idea).

Menu and additional services

You must be able to cooperate with people who are directly involved in organizing children's leisure: animators, soap bubbles, master classes, making custom birthday cakes and much more. This will be a separate line in the business plan for the establishment. Find out what is popular with children now and offer different services based on these preferences. For example, a birthday cake with the image of your favorite cartoon character.

The menu of a children's cafe should be very well thought out. Even if you love Caucasian cuisine and are going to feed your children barbecue, you need to approach this matter creatively. You don't have to serve them like you would in an expensive restaurant, of course. You can come up with interesting names for dishes and ensure beautiful presentation.

The child first of all pays attention to the appearance of the dish, and then to the taste. Your products should always be as fresh as possible, since children do not have such a strong stomach, and it can be poisoned even by yesterday’s tomato. And if a child suddenly becomes ill in a children’s cafe, their reputation will be instantly ruined. Moms will instantly spread this information around the city before you have time to wait for the end of the work shift.

The dishes should not only be tasty, but also healthy; parents also monitor this. Let the menu, in addition to soda, include fresh juices, vegetables, fruits, and juices. Prices should not be inflated so that parents of almost any income can come to the children's cafe.

Children's cafe staff


The staff of the children's cafe should include an administrator, who can be you yourself at first, in order to closely monitor everything. It is the administrator who will have to negotiate all orders, answer phone calls, be responsible for the supply of products and for all children's entertainment.

For a cafe you will need 2 waiters per shift (4 people in total), two cooks per shift (4 people in total), a cleaner - one per shift (2 people in total), an accountant, and a loader.

The waiter's salary here should be higher than in other establishments. Why? Firstly, in a children's cafe the waiter will not receive any tips. Secondly, it will not work on a percentage basis, since all orders are discussed with parents and administrators in advance. The waiter only needs to serve the guests well so that they are satisfied. Don’t hire waiters with a “sour face” on their faces, because working with children always requires a smile!

So, the average costs for a business plan for personnel:

  1. waiter - 20,000 rubles (40,000 for two people);
  2. cook - 20,000 (40,000 for two people);
  3. cleaning lady - 12.5 000 (25 000 for two people);
  4. administrator - 25,000 (it can be you);
  5. accountant (based on outsourcing) - from 10,000;
  6. loader - from 5,000.

Total, personnel costs per month - from 135,000.

Advertising

In order for a children's cafe to work, it is necessary to conduct a competent advertising campaign; monthly advertising costs in the business plan range from 20-30 thousand rubles per month.

To begin with, it is wise to use all the free promotion methods: create groups on social networks, tell friends, friends of friends, photograph the interior, dishes, menu. To do this, you don’t have to hire a professional photographer; you can ask your friends for a good camera for a couple of days, or use your own, if you have one.

It is necessary to warn everyone in advance about the official opening, to invite some bright presenters to it, for example, a science show, magicians or people on stilts. Play several discount cards with a 10% discount on upcoming orders. It is important to treat all children with something very tasty, for example, unusual chocolates, so that they remember this place.

Over time, it will be necessary to create a website with easy navigation across all sections. Today, parents use the Internet to search for children's cafes, because... You can choose a convenient location, evaluate the interior without leaving your home, and also find out the menu and the average bill for an order.

Print business cards and distribute them to your friends, acquaintances, and just people on the street who are walking with their children. Print your menu and cafe address on a small format of advertising leaflets, ask to leave these leaflets in kindergartens, children's clubs and children's centers, as well as in family cafes. In return, you can offer to keep their leaflets with you. In general, mutual advertising is always good and beneficial for both parties.

Starting capital and payback


So, having calculated the total cost of opening a children's cafe in the business plan, we calculate the amount - it is approximately 2 million rubles. The amount, of course, is not small, but you will be able to see the return from the cafe within a few months after the start of work.

If, on average, you predict in your business plan monthly revenue from 400,000 rubles, and monthly expenses - 300,000, the business will pay for itself in a couple of years. Don’t forget that at the start, revenue is always lower than after at least six months of work, when you will already be recognized. In addition, working with children is a noble cause and remains “afloat” in any season, in any year.

We hope everything works out for you!

Roman Agarkov specially for Intellectis

* The calculations use average data for Russia

Business in the catering industry is considered a rather difficult and risky undertaking, because the level of competition here is always very high. Opening a children's cafe is, to some extent, a particularly difficult undertaking, because here you have to please not only the children themselves, but also their parents, be able to work with such an audience, and always determine the needs of your client. At the same time, the state carefully monitors the activities of enterprises engaged in the catering sector, so constant inspections are normal for such a business. On the other hand, a well-organized cafe can bring its owner very good profits.

The first thing you need to do is contact your local tax office and register your legal entity. A limited liability company is best. After registration, you will need to contact Rospotrebnadzor and the Ministry of Emergency Situations to obtain permits to operate the cafe. To register you will have to allocate about 20 thousand rubles. It should also be noted that selling alcoholic beverages requires a separate permit, but since we are considering the option of opening a children’s cafe, this issue is often irrelevant. Often, but not always, because some cafes offer the opportunity for parents to purchase alcoholic beverages - in general, whether to do this or not, and how much it will affect the establishment’s reputation, is decided by the entrepreneur himself. Let us just note that this is a very complex process and, as a rule, requires considerable additional investments. In fact, if you sell alcohol on the territory of a cafe, then it can remain “children’s” only in words. We will not consider in detail obtaining a license to sell alcoholic beverages here, but anyone who wants to get acquainted with this can, for example, read the information in articles about opening a bar or restaurant.

Next, you should think about choosing a room for your cafe. Here the entrepreneur already has many options depending on the format in which he plans to work. The fact is that in general cases it is optimal to find a place somewhere in the city center, but sometimes it makes sense to think about the option of opening a children's cafe in some residential area. Moreover, this is often an even more attractive option, because in the center there will almost certainly be a lot of competitors, but somewhere in a residential area there may not be interesting places for the whole family to relax. In general, choosing a location is a very important and rather difficult stage, because the success of the undertaking largely depends on the location. A cafe opened in a place with poor traffic will almost certainly not last even a few months, but a successfully selected premises and located in a favorable location will almost never be left without visitors. If you don’t have your own premises, you will have to look for one to rent; at the moment there should be no problems with offers, but the cost of rent can be very significant, especially for premises that are initially equipped and meet all the requirements of Rospotrebnadzor. Of course, the price level can vary greatly in different cities; moreover, within the same locality, premises that are virtually identical in their level can cost different amounts per month - depending on where they are located geographically (central areas are almost always the most “expensive” ). You have to count on the fact that the cost of one square meter can be from 500 rubles per month, that is, a cafe measuring 100 square meters will cost an entrepreneur 50 thousand rubles.

The next important point is arranging your premises. Let's start with the guest room. The amount of expenses depends on the size of the cafe itself - we will make an approximate calculation for a room of about 100 square meters. The cost of one good table is 3-4 thousand rubles, a good chair costs 2-3 thousand, if you buy upholstered furniture, you need to understand that sofas cost 20-30 thousand. Of course, there are more expensive options. A cafe of this area can have 40 seats for visitors (taking into account that about 30-40 square meters will be allocated for organizing a games room and kitchen). It turns out that you need about 10 tables, 30 chairs and 2 good sofas. For chairs you need 75 thousand (2.5 thousand each), for tables 35 thousand, for sofas - 50 thousand rubles. It turns out 160 thousand rubles. It also makes sense to think about decorating the inside of your premises - after all, this is a children’s cafe, and the service should be aimed primarily at children, which means it makes sense to think about ordering a design project. The cost of design work ranges from 1 to 1.5 thousand rubles per square meter of space, that is, for the same 50 m 2 of development you will have to pay from 50 to 75 thousand. Whether it is worth contacting design studios is a controversial issue, but if an entrepreneur himself can develop just an interesting interior project (interesting for children, of course), then there is usually no point in contacting a third-party company. You can also think about opening a game room on the territory of the cafe - that is, a room where some events will take place, for example, custom birthday parties. In the case of a children's cafe, this is especially true.

The next important point is the equipment of the kitchen itself. Here, again, it all depends on how expensive the cafe will be and what services it will offer. However, many participants in this market note that in the case of a children's cafe, you have to have a fairly diverse menu, which leads to the conclusion that you will have to invest in a large amount of different equipment. This can be not only stoves, kitchen furniture, kitchen appliances, but also ready-made installations, for example, for making pizza; a separate block for baking (children love sweets), you also need to think about preparing ice cream and sometimes some other sweets on the spot. Let's take the following calculations - 40 thousand rubles for a pizza oven, an oven - 50 thousand, 2 frying surfaces - 30 thousand, 2 refrigerators - 60 thousand rubles, a large dishwasher for a large number of dishes - 70 thousand rubles, another about 100 thousand rubles for small dishes equipment such as mixers, vegetable cutters, meat grinders, blenders. There is also more complex, expensive, but productive equipment, for example, a professional pizzeria, designed for a large number of products produced, will cost 500 thousand separately. At least another 100 thousand - for tables and cabinets for the kitchen. Additionally, it is necessary to purchase a sufficient amount of dishes and other table setting elements, but this money, unless, of course, you buy expensive silver sets, will be small compared to kitchen equipment (from 50 thousand rubles). You also always need to have dishes in reserve, because dishes break with enviable frequency (and children generally do this especially often) and become unusable, so it’s better when there are some reserves. As a result, we can say that half a million for kitchen equipment and the purchase of appliances is the bare minimum even for a very small cafe. Moreover, additional funds may be required for the delivery and installation of equipment. Thus, for a small cafe you will have to allocate 500 thousand rubles to equip the kitchen, but in large cafes where a variety of dishes and drinks are prepared, the cost of equipment can reach 1.5-2 million rubles.

Ready ideas for your business

The next important issue is personnel. We need to hire a certain number of waiters - let’s assume that our cafe will need only 4 people per shift, which means 8 people per day if they work according to a standard schedule, or only 4, but working in 2/2 mode. The cafe's opening hours are almost always at least 12 hours a day, every day. That is, the minimum is 8 people, but usually cafes hire more waiters. Their average salary starts from 15 thousand rubles (in small cities) or 20 thousand rubles (in relatively large cities, and even more in large ones). Next is the administrator, which is at least 2 more people. These people already receive 25-30 thousand rubles a month. At the same time, it is best to outsource all business processes that are not related to the organization’s profit making; this includes, for example, accounting, security and the already mentioned premises maintenance services. Thus, the minimum cost is about another 20 thousand rubles, depending on the size of the cafe. The next point is hiring employees to work in the kitchen; a good cook also receives 25-30 thousand rubles, his assistants (2-3 people at least) 20-25 thousand each. That is, according to the most conservative estimates, the amount of wages and outsourcing services will cost 320 thousand rubles per month, but usually this figure is much higher. If the cafe intends to deal with holidays, then it is necessary to hire at least one animator - he receives 20-25 thousand rubles for his work, however, this person works only in case of orders, that is, at first one employee can cope with this work. It should also be noted that in order to develop your client base, it makes sense to start collaborating with event agencies that organize events - if you enter into a partnership agreement, then some of the events that people order from the agency will take place on the territory of the cafe. In many cases, this becomes an item of additional income, and often it is the children's cafe that receives in this direction an amount almost comparable to the income from the sale of food. But here lies another problem - unlike restaurants, cafes and bars “for everyone,” there is no significant income from the sale of alcoholic beverages, and it is through them that many catering establishments earn a considerable part of their income.

    The rent for six months of operation is 300 thousand rubles.

    Registration – 20 thousand rubles.

    Equipment for the hall - 160 thousand rubles.

    Design project – 50 thousand rubles.

    Kitchen arrangement - from 500 thousand rubles.

    Salary for the first month and outsourcing – 320 thousand rubles.

    Purchase of products - from 50 thousand rubles (this figure can vary quite a lot depending on the selected menu).

It turns out 1 million 400 thousand rubles according to the most conservative estimates. The amount of monthly expenses is 370 thousand rubles. Such a large amount of monthly expenses is covered due to the large markup on their goods. It is no secret that in many catering establishments the markup on a dish ranges from 200%; a lower rate is for food that is not prepared in a cafe, but purchased externally (for example, baked goods). At the same time, the profitability of such an undertaking with proper organization and a sufficient number of visitors will be very good; the operating profit of an average successful cafe starts from 100 thousand rubles per month, but it is unlikely that it will be possible to reach such an indicator even in the first six months of operation, so you need to have some reserve of funds. After deducting taxes, the profit will be 85 thousand rubles under the simplified taxation system. To obtain such an indicator, it is necessary to accept at least 32 people per day, taking into account that the amount of each check is on average 500 rubles. This type of business is in any case very difficult, and the cafe will not always work at full capacity, and at some points it will even have to refuse visitors due to the lack of empty seats. For example, on holidays and weekends there will be a lot of visitors, but on weekdays - much less. However, this is typical for many areas of public catering. To summarize, we can say that this business is suitable primarily for those who already have experience in organizing public catering enterprises and are ready to invest considerable funds, realizing that the payback period for such a project is quite long. A cafe can earn additional income by hosting holidays, but you still shouldn’t count on it at first.

Matthias Laudanum
(c) - portal of business plans and guides for starting a small business

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Absolute majority parents are ready to do almost anything for the pleasure of their child. Of course, what kind of mother agrees to stay at home when her child is bored? A much better option would be to take your child to a park or cafe, where he can play interesting games with his peers.

True, the weather does not always allow spending time outside. Unfortunately, not every city has children's cafes. And as a conclusion from this it follows that opening such an establishment will be very profitable.

Where to start

Of course, with the choice of a suitable place. The best option would be an area where children's institutions are concentrated. This means hospitals and clinics, kindergartens and schools.

After visiting such places, the child will probably want to eat. And an establishment designed for kids will come in handy.

Buildings located near parks and children's stores are also perfect.

Individual entrepreneur or LLC

After a suitable area for a children's cafe has been selected, the business should be registered.

This process can take a lot of time and nerves. Firstly, the cafe is a food service, and secondly, the establishment is intended for children.

Inspections and permits from the fire service and SES will be simply necessary. Naturally, it will be necessary to register the trading activity and obtain the status of an individual entrepreneur. But this, let’s say, is the technical part of the question.

What should a children's cafe be like?

As for the children's cafe itself, you need to think about not only the location. The design of the room and its general atmosphere must correspond to its purpose.


That is, standard tables and chairs will not work, even if the walls are painted with bright paint. A children's cafe from which serious profit is expected must be extraordinary.

Children should strive to visit again. For this you should not spare money and imagination. A magical land, no matter how small, can be created by anyone.

It is definitely worth taking care of seats for children and parents, which will be comfortable for both the first and the second. A play corner where you can have fun should be equipped with a large number of educational toys.

The place should be safe, bright and very spacious so that several kids can fit in it at once. Parents will certainly appreciate the children's product if there is a teacher in it. You can leave your child under his supervision - both adults relax and children spend time usefully.

Children's cafe menu

As for the menu, it shouldn’t be ordinary either. It should combine regular cuisine with children's dishes. You can come up with unusual names.

For example, children will be much more interested in ordering “Porridge from the cow Mashka” than “Millet porridge with milk.”

Naturally, there must be sweets and drinks. It is advisable to decorate all dishes in an unusual and colorful manner.. They will arouse interest and a desire to try.

Staff

If we return to the staff, then You should think about hiring animators dressed as fairy-tale characters. This creates a festive atmosphere, so beloved by children. You can create themed days that will be dedicated to a specific cartoon or fairy-tale character.

This way you can increase attendance, because some children are delighted with Luntik, others with Kolobok. Naturally, the parents know the child’s preferences and simply cannot refuse him to visit the establishment.

In general, a children's cafe can be developed indefinitely. The main thing is to take into account the wishes of the children and look at the competitors - a cafe that is excellent in all respects will clearly be a success.


Opening a catering establishment focused on the joint leisure of children and their parents, holding holidays and celebrations, can either become a source of consistently high profits for the owner, or, conversely, cause expenses and losses. To prevent anything like this from happening to you, I advise you to read the tips below.

How to open a children's cafe - a guide to action

Determining the type of cafe

The first thing you need to do is decide what type of establishment you decide to create. You can create a small ice cream parlor, a fast food restaurant (like McDonald's), or you can create a really large-scale cafe where your guests will not be ashamed to organize cultural events, celebrate birthdays and other holidays. If you want to make the most profit, I advise you to take a closer look at the last option. However, you need to understand that huge investments will be needed in the business. Although creating a project a la McDonald's will also be expensive, since you will need a franchise, which is not cheap to buy, and profitability will suffer, because now many parents do not allow their children to eat fast food. I’m sure that if your children’s cafe serves not only hamburgers, but also simple healthy food, it will be popular.

Choosing a room for a children's cafe

It is best to place a children's cafe in the city center, because this is where people usually go for a family outing. After visiting a movie theater, taking a walk in the park, or after any other leisure activity, parents and children will be happy to come to your establishment for a snack. In residential areas, it’s not worth opening a cafe - it’s unlikely that people will come there from other parts of the city specifically to eat, unless, of course, you have some kind of zest that distinguishes your project from many others.

Interior design and decoration

When purchasing furniture for a children's cafe, you should understand that a small child is by nature a restless person who loves to run headlong anywhere and anytime. Therefore, it is strictly forbidden to take chairs and tables with sharp corners. It’s better to install bean bags and “transformers”. Everything needs to be decorated brightly and colorfully, but unobtrusively. To ensure that guests do not get tired of the spontaneity atmosphere you have created, moderation should be observed. And remember, the first thing you need to impress is not the children, but their parents. They will be the ones who will bring their children to you next time.

We deal with the authorities

The catering industry is a real tasty morsel for all sorts of inspectors who are eager to turn your shortcoming into a present for their loved one. Therefore, before you start furnishing the room, you should consult with specialists regarding all the requirements. Even such a small thing as sockets installed at the wrong level can result in a large fine. But special attention needs to be paid to the kitchen - all equipment must meet sanitary and technical standards.

Almost the majority of entrepreneurs want it. Today it is fashionable, profitable and affordable. Separately, however, it is worth highlighting the establishments that are open to the youngest visitors. For those who are passionate about this particular idea, it will be important to know how to open a children's cafe from scratch, especially since this business has quite a lot of features.

What to pay attention to

It would be a big misconception to think that opening a children's establishment and a restaurant for adults is the same thing. A cafe for young gourmets has a wide range of characteristics unique to this business. You definitely need to take them into account if you expect good profits. So, what you need to remember:

Your cafe should always employ clowns, animators, teachers - anyone who knows how to properly organize children's leisure time so that visiting the cafe does not come down to the usual eating of sweets.

Documentation

Having made a firm decision to open a children's cafe, do not be lazy to study the competitor market in your area or city, if it is small. It is very important to find out in time what they offer, what they serve, and what age they are intended for. This must be done at the planning stage, when you have not yet prepared a concept or a menu.

Of course, the business will have to be registered. To start with or LLC and register as a taxpayer. After that, start searching for premises and sign a lease agreement.

Other documents you will need include the following:

  1. Permission from Rospotrebnadzor.
  2. Permission from the SES to carry out activities in the field of public catering.
  3. Permission from the fire department.
  4. Permission from the district administration.
  5. Permission to install external advertising.

Information for consumers and personnel

  1. Furniture should be suitable for small visitors. It's better to make it to order.
  2. The playing area should not overlap with the dining area.
  3. In places where games are held, slides and houses should be installed, and children should have all kinds of balls, toys, and board games at their disposal.
  4. Everything and interior items should be washed easily and without damage.
  5. It is imperative to pay attention to the attractive appearance of each item.

Avoid furniture with sharp corners and breakable dishes. Toilets, washbasins, mirrors should be designed taking into account children's height. Be sure to make sure that your cafe has a changing room - this will give you a big advantage over your competitors, since most places do not provide such an option.

Finance

A correct calculation will help you understand how much money you need to have to organize such an enterprise. The figures below are not the ultimate truth. Their size will depend on the city in which the cafe is planned to open, and on the size of the establishment itself.

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