Characteristics of a literary hero
Sobakevich Mikhailo Semenych - landowner, fourth “seller” dead souls. The very name and appearance of this hero (reminiscent of “ average size bear”, the tailcoat on him is “completely bearish” in color, he steps at random, his complexion is “red-hot, hot”) indicate his power of his nature.
From the very beginning, S.’s image is associated with the theme of money, thriftiness, and calculation (at the moment of entering the village, S. Chichikov dreams of a 200,000-dollar dowry). Talking with Chichikov S., not paying attention to Chichikov’s evasiveness, busily moves on to the essence of the question: “Do you need dead souls?” The main thing for S. is the price, everything else does not interest him. S. bargains knowledgeably, praises his goods (all souls are “like a vigorous nut”) and even manages to deceive Chichikov (slips him a “woman’s soul” - Elizaveta Vorobey). S.'s spiritual appearance is reflected in everything that surrounds him. In his house, all “useless” architectural beauties have been removed. The men's huts were also built without any decorations. In S.'s house there are paintings on the walls depicting exclusively Greek heroes who look like the owner of the house. The dark-colored blackbird with speckles and the pot-bellied walnut bureau (“the perfect bear”) are also similar to S. In turn, the hero himself also looks like an object - his legs are like cast iron pedestals. S. is a type of Russian kulak, a strong, prudent master. Its peasants live well and reliably. The fact that S.’s natural strength and efficiency turned into dull inertia is rather not the hero’s fault, but rather the hero’s misfortune. S. lives exclusively in modern times, in the 1820s. From the height of his power, S. sees how the life around him has been crushed. During the bargaining, he remarks: “...what kind of people are these? flies, not people,” much worse than dead people. S. occupies one of the most high places in the spiritual “hierarchy” of heroes, because, according to the author, he has many chances for rebirth. By nature he is endowed with many good qualities, he has rich potential and a powerful nature. Their implementation will be shown in the second volume of the poem - in the image of the landowner Kostanzhoglo.
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Mikhailo Semyonovich Sobakevich - one of the landowners of Gogol's poem "Dead Souls", to whom he went main character. After visiting Nozdreva Chichikov goes to Sobakevich. Everything in his house looks awkward, there is no symmetry.
In appearance, Sobakevich is a man resembling a bear and a dog. The way the landowner’s home is furnished gives the impression that Sobakevich is good owner, its peasants have absolutely no need for food and clothing.
Sobakevich is driven by monetary calculations, but at the same time he is not at all stupid. His prudence makes him efficient, but at the same time he remains ponderous, uncouth and rude. The need for money is that it must pay for and provide for all his carnal needs. Sobakevich’s body exists at the expense of his soul, which, due to his habits, is doomed to death.
Sobakevich can be called a “slave of the stomach.” Food for him is almost the most important thing in life. The food is simple, but good and plentiful. Sobakevich resembles a bear: large, heavy-set, club-footed; nature didn’t think long about his appearance: “it took an ax once and the nose came out, it took enough another time and the lips came out...”. IN large body Sobakevich's soul freezes, spiritually motionless. Sobakevich vehemently opposes education and science.
Sobakevich scolds everyone: the only decent person for him is the prosecutor, “and even that one, to tell the truth, is a pig.” The landowner is not even surprised by Chichikov’s offer to sell him the dead souls of the peasants, since dead people for him are just goods. He sets a high price by praising non-existent peasants, describing them as they were in life.
Image of Sobakevich grade 9
Gogol in his famous poem presented a whole gallery of human characters, embodying them in grotesque images of heroes. In each of them, he showed the most striking individual features inherent in Russian society.
One of them is Mikhail Semenovich Sobakevich.
He appears fourth in a row of landowners whom Chichikov turned to regarding the purchase of dead souls. When describing it appearance, the author resorts to comparison with a bear. He resembles him both in his face and clumsy habits, and in his remarkable strength. And his name is appropriately bearish - Mikhail.
This image refers the reader to Russian fairy tales about a big, strong, but at the same time very kind Toptygin. But in Gogol he becomes Sobakevich. All the names of the characters in the poem are telling. They embody main feature character's character. And therefore, Mikhail Semenovich, from being strong and kind, becomes constantly swearing and dissatisfied.
He calls the chief of police a swindler, the governor a robber. Everyone with him is bad, liars and dishonest. But at the same time, when he needed to, he calmly lied to the chairman of the chamber that he had sold the coachman Mikheev, although he knew about his death.
Describing his estate, the author points out that all surrounding objects are in harmony with the character of the owner. The environment is strong and awkward. Sobakevich knows how to count his money well, so he watches over his serfs, but not because of some kind of philanthropy, but because they are also his property, generating income. He was the only one of all who immediately understood Chichikov’s intentions, was not at all surprised by them, but only saw his own benefit in this matter and sold the dead souls at the highest price.
Having no interests other than the desire to eat heartily, scolding everything new and incomprehensible, starting with French food and ending with German doctors, Sobakevich appears on the pages of the poem as another example of the Russian noble class.
In this image, Gogol collected and showed all the inertia and limitations of Russian society. It is no coincidence that he notices that in St. Petersburg there are people like his hero.
Characteristics of the landowner Sobakevich
The landowner Sobakevich is one of the main characters on whom Gogol focused his attention.
Semenovich, as his relatives called him, was an excellent host. True, looking at his yard, one could doubt it, since not everything was perfect, like other wealthy landowners, but all his buildings, houses were tall and strong, and most importantly, strong. His estate is surrounded by thick, strong wooden fence. At that time, such a fence was an indicator that people lived richly.
The author describes the hero as a big and clumsy man. He is not fat per se, just a well-fed man. The interior of his house is more reminiscent of a brown bear's den. Large and strong chairs, massive beds. The beauty of the furniture and the interior of the rooms are not important to him; functionality is important to him, first of all. Huge paintings hang throughout the house, in heavy wooden frames. They depict military commanders and generals. Everything in the house looks like Sobakevich’s texture, from the chair to the bed. They are as massive as he is. The hero himself is rude, stubborn and straightforward. He is not afraid of anyone. He can say to a person’s face everything that he thinks about him.
But at the same time he is very generous. When a guest comes to the house, the owner sets a magic table. He doesn’t skimp on food and loves to eat delicious food. Sobakevech is an excellent conversationalist.
His hobby is farming. He has hardworking peasants with whom he finds mutual language. He knows everyone by name, knows who died, who worked before. The peasants treat him with great respect. They like to work for such a person. People are pleased that they are remembered and respected. Every day Sobakevich comes to the workers in the morning and asks how everyone is doing. If there are any problems, he is always happy to help. He values people very much.
Sobakevich is a cunning landowner, he bargains with Chichikov, bargaining for 100 rubles for one dead soul.
This hero has no soul. He understands perfectly well that Chichikov is a deceiver, so he himself is happy to enrich himself from this deal. Therefore, Sobakevich can also be called a deceiver.
Option 4
In N. V. Gogol’s poem “Dead Souls,” readers are presented with a whole gallery of bright, memorable grotesque images Russian landowners, mercilessly ridiculed by the power of the great satirical talent of the writer. One of these characters visited by Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov was the landowner Mikhailo Semyonovich Sobakevich.
Describing Sobakevich’s appearance, the author compares him to a bear. Large, heavy, strong, clumsy, he resembles this beast in face, habits, and remarkable strength. The manner of moving was also bearish - Sobakevich managed to constantly step on everyone’s feet. Even his name is appropriate - Mikhailo. Characterizing the appearance of this hero, Gogol notes that he is one of those about whom they say that he is “not well cut, but tightly sewn.” The same can be said about the things surrounding Sobakevich. His home resembles a den, furnished with awkward, but strong, good-quality furniture.
Sobakevich’s farm leaves the same impression of clumsiness and good strength. His house, outbuildings, peasant huts - everything indicates that Sobakevich is a good owner. He knows how to find a common language with peasants, knows about their problems and needs. But all this does not come from the kindness of his soul. Mikhailo Semyonovich is smart and understands perfectly well what Better conditions he creates for his serfs, the better they will work and the more income he can get from it. Well, he needs money to satisfy his carnal needs, the main one of which is love for hearty food. Sobakevich not only loves and knows how to eat himself, he, like a hospitable host, generously treats his guests, as Pavel Ivanovich had the opportunity to verify.
The fact that Sobakevich is far from stupid is evidenced by the fact that he, the only one of all the landowners, immediately understood Chichikov’s intentions and charged an exorbitant price for dead souls, as for living people. Compiling a list of dead serfs, Sobakevich described in detail their character, skills, and habits, which once again confirms that Mikhailo Semyonovich is a zealous owner who knows well the business in which he is engaged.
As you know, all the names of the characters in Gogol’s poem are “speaking”. What does the surname Sobakevich tell us? The fact that this character is rude, is always dissatisfied with everything and is inclined to scold city officials, calling them “robbers”, “swindlers” and “Christ-sellers”. Among them, he considered one prosecutor to be a decent person, and even that one, in his opinion, was a pig. However, here, perhaps, it is difficult to disagree with Mikhail Semyonovich.
Essay 5
“Dead Souls” is a poem written by N.V. Gogol in the first half of the 19th century. In the work, the writer reflected the images of the people of his time, endowing the landowners with satiristic features that ridiculed their vices.
Sobakevich Mikhailo Semenych is a landowner, the “fourth” seller of dead souls, to whom Chichikov came. Sobakevich’s exact age is not known; it is only reported that he lives in his “fifties.” Outwardly, the hero looks like a bear, he is distinguished by a strong physique and good health. Sobakevich is straightforward, he does not have delicacy and courtesy. The landowner speaks poorly of all his neighbors; it is rare that Sobakevich can say something good about anyone.
The estate and houses in the village are made of durable wood, they are practical and comfortable, but at the same time devoid of any decoration. Sobakevich believes that the main task of residential buildings is to protect people from wind and rain; aesthetic beauty for the landowner is an excess, devoid of meaning. Sobakevich works on an equal basis with his peasants; unlike other landowners, he does not see anything wrong with physical labor. For Sobakevich this is a natural activity.
Sobakevich is married, relations within the family are friendly. With his wife, the landowner is soft and gentle, as much as his character allows him. Sobakevich also has good relations with the peasants; he knows every person living in the village. He speaks of them as good workers.
Among the hero’s affections, his love for food should be highlighted. Sobakevich appreciates simple food, despises French cuisine, and speaks with disgust about eating frogs and offal.
Sobakevich is a cunning and calculating person. ABOUT selling the dead Soul Chichikov spoke to him “very distantly.” However, the landowner immediately realized the benefits of the deal and set a fairly high price. Noticing Chichikov's amazement, Mikhailo Semenych began to talk about dead peasants as wonderful employees.
It cannot be said that Sobakevich strictly negative character. His image contains both positive and negative features. However, in my opinion, Sobakevich, unlike Plyushkin, is not a “dead” soul. He cares not only about himself and his well-being, but also about his peasants.
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The landowner Sobakevich is a very colorful character in Gogol’s “Dead Souls”, outwardly reminiscent of a bear with his clumsiness, massiveness and tendency to gluttony. He prefers half a side of lamb or a whole sturgeon to French delicacies such as frog legs or oysters. At the same time, Sobakevich is proud of his Russian heroic stomach, capable of digesting any food, and even in huge quantities. He openly mocks the diets of the French and Germans, and Sobakevich’s characterization is already evident quite clearly in this episode. After lunch at Mikhail Semenovich's, buying from landowners are dead Chichikov’s soul feels a whole pound heavier.
The guest is struck by the fact that Sobakevich gives only negative characteristics: his governor is almost a highwayman, his prosecutor is a pig, and his neighbor Plyushkin is a dog. This is where the characterization of Sobakevich in Nikolai Gogol’s “Dead Souls” appears very clearly.
Conversation between Sobakevich and Chichikov
By nature, Sobakevich is so unperturbed that he doesn’t even raise an eyebrow at Chichikov’s amazing offer to sell him dead souls, and immediately begins to bargain, asking for an exorbitantly high price - 100 rubles per soul. If we remember Chichikov’s visit to Korobochka, then Nastasya Petrovna in a similar situation even bulged her eyes out of amazement.
He bargains on a kulak scale, but the price per head eventually drops to two and a half rubles. This behavior is typical of Sobakevich’s calculating and tight-fisted nature.
Also speaking about the characteristics of Sobakevich, we note that he is not distinguished by his fine mental organization, flexibility of mind and desire for enlightenment, but he is a strong business executive who owns a large, well-equipped village. He himself lives in a good-quality house with a mezzanine, and his peasants have strong and durable houses. In Mikhail Semenovich’s household, order and prosperity can be seen everywhere and in everything.
Sobakevich loves everything strong, even if it is simple in appearance. The bulky and durable pieces of furniture surrounding Mikhail Semenovich seem to say that they, too, are Sobakevichs.
Of the galleries of landowners presented by Nikolai Gogol in Dead Souls, Sobakevich is the most positive and least vulgar literary hero, despite all its down-to-earthness.
Mikhailo Semyonovich Sobakevich- hero of N.V. Gogol's poem "Dead Souls", landowner. Chichikov meets Sobakevich at the governor's party and receives an invitation to visit his estate. From the very beginning, Sobakevich gives the impression of a strong, confident and thorough person. Mikhail Semyonovich’s appearance only emphasizes these qualities. Chichikov describes Sobakevich "... similar to a medium-sized bear. To complete the resemblance, the tailcoat he was wearing was completely bear-colored, the sleeves were long, the trousers were long, he walked with his feet this way and that and constantly stepped on other people’s feet. His complexion was red-hot, hot, the kind that happens on a copper coin..."
Sobakevich’s facial features were also simple and quite rough: "... there are many such persons in the world, over whose finishing nature did not spend much time, did not use any small tools, such as files, gimlets and other things, but simply chopped from their own shoulders: hit with an ax once - the nose came out, cut another - her lips came out, she picked her eyes with a large drill and, without scraping them, released them into the light, saying: “He lives!”
Characterizes Sobakevich’s nature and his eating habits: “Even if you put sugar on a frog, I won’t put it in my mouth, and I won’t take an oyster either: I know what an oyster looks like.” He is thorough and businesslike in everything : “When I have pork, put the whole pig on the table, lamb, bring the whole lamb, goose, the whole goose! I’d rather eat two dishes, but eat in moderation, as my soul requires.”
The image of Sobakevich is closely connected with the theme of cold calculation, thriftiness and profit. Having learned about Chichikov’s desire to buy “dead souls,” he begins to praise his product without the slightest embarrassment or surprise. Sobakevich immediately names a high price and begins to paint his dead serfs as if they were alive : “Another swindler will deceive you, sell you rubbish, not souls; but I have a strong nut, everything is to be selected: not a craftsman, but some other healthy man. You look: for example, the carriage maker Mikheev! After all, no one else I didn’t make carriages, just spring ones. And it’s not like the Moscow work, which is for one hour - it’s so durable, it’ll beat you up and cover it with varnish!”
After protracted bidding, Chichikov characterizes Sobakevich as follows: “ Were you really born a bear, or did provincial life, grain crops, fussing with peasants bear with you, and through them did you become what is called a man-fist? But no: I think you would still be the same, even if they had brought you up according to fashion, they would have let you go and you would have lived in St. Petersburg, and not in the outback.... Yes, now you have men under your rule: you get along with them and, of course, you won’t offend them, because they are yours, but it will be worse for you; and then you would have officials whom you would slap hard, realizing that they are not your serfs, or you would rob the treasury! No, whoever has a fist cannot straighten into a palm! But straighten your fist with one or two fingers, and it will come out even worse."
The image of Mikhail Sobakevich expresses a craving for everything earthly and practical. Unlike Chichikov, Sobakevich clearly sees his simple, reliable benefits, and does not disdain fraud by slipping a woman into the list of souls. Sobakevich is another prominent representative of Russian landowners. A local existence and a hoarder easily coexist in it. He sees a swindler in everyone and prefers to live by the same laws.
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All the landowners described by Gogol in the poem “Dead Souls” have their own unique character within the framework of the work, but in general they expose one of the types of landowners contemporary author Russia.
Appearance
Sobakevich's appearance is far from typical, sophisticated and delicate. According to Gogol’s description, the Creator did not bother much when creating it - he did not use “any small tools, such as files, gimlets and other things, but simply chopped from his shoulder: grabbed the ax once - the nose came out, grabbed another time - the lips came out , picked her eyes with a large drill and, without scraping them, let them into the light, saying: “He lives!”
His face was round, wide and very unattractive, similar to Moldavian pumpkins. The color was also not the most gentle and pleasant - typically, Sobakevich’s face was red, which reminded Chichikov “ copper nickel».
Dear readers! We bring to your attention in the story by N.V. Gogol "Taras Bulba".
Sobakevich was distinguished by his strong build - he was tall man, with a wide “horse” back. His legs were like sidewalk columns - large and awkward. His feet, accordingly, were also “gigantic in size.” Chichikov notes with surprise that now you rarely meet such a person - almost all the heroes have degenerated. It is not surprising that with such a build, Sobakevich was not graceful and looked more like a bull in a china shop - the landowner constantly shuffled his feet and stepped on the feet of those around him.
At a time when nature deprived Sobakevich of external attractiveness, she generously rewarded him with health - “it was more likely for iron to catch a cold and cough than for this wonderfully formed landowner.”
Sobakevich's classes
All the landowners described by Gogol in the poem “Dead Souls” have their own unique character within the framework of the work, but in general they expose one of the types of landowners in modern Russia for the author... It is common for him to work on an equal footing with his peasants. Mikhail Semenovich does this not because he does not trust his peasants, like Plyushkin, for example, or thinks that without him they will work poorly, but because he does not see anything shameful in physical labor. For Sobakevich this is a natural activity.
Among the landowner's other affections, a special love for food should be noted. Sobakevich loves to eat delicious food. However, in the understanding of this landowner tasty food and unusual, delicious - different concepts. Sobakevich talks with disgust about eating frogs and oysters, and eating offal. For him the best option The food is originally Russian cuisine. For Sobakevich, ordinary food consumption turns into a feast, denouncing the “cult of food” present: “When I have pork, put the whole pig on the table, lamb, bring the whole ram, goose, the whole goose!” I’d rather eat two dishes, but eat in moderation, as my soul requires. “Sobakevich confirmed this with action: he threw half a side of lamb onto his plate, ate it all, gnawed it, sucked it to the last bone.”
Sobakevich is far from self-education and art - all the attributes of “cultural” development in his house, such as paintings, look comical, it is noticeable that they are placed because it is “so fashionable” and so “accepted”, and not because their owners are interested in a certain type of art.
Mikhail Semenovich's mind is actively occupied with ways to make money. He works hard to earn a decent income. Sobakevich takes Chichikov’s proposal to sell dead souls calmly, as if this is the most ordinary thing, like selling wheat.
Sobakevich's estate and village
Sobakevich's estate and village looks like its owner - strong, reliable and completely devoid of aesthetics. All Sobakevich’s buildings (even wells and fences) are made of very strong wood, they are massive and devoid of any decorations. “The village huts of the peasants were also cut down in a marvelous way: there were no brick walls, carved patterns or other tricks, but everything was fitted tightly and properly.” Sobakevich believes that buildings should perform well their main function - to protect from wind, cold and rain, they should be quite durable and easy to use, and they do not have to be beautiful and sophisticated.
The landowner's house also looks unusual and comical. It reminds Chichikov of a house for military settlements: massive and rough.
Looking at the manor house, Chichikov notes that the process of its construction was the product of active bickering between the pedantic architect and Sobakevich: some windows in the house were blocked up and converted into small ones, instead of the traditional four columns there were only three - “the architect wanted symmetry, the owner wanted convenience “And therefore, after the construction of the house, Sobakevich did everything his own way.
Paradoxes of the image
In the poem, Gogol repeatedly draws readers’ attention to the fact that Sobakevich is “the spitting image of a bear.”
Dear readers! We bring to your attention the poem “Dead Souls” by N.V. Gogol.
Outwardly, the landowner is very similar to this beast, his gait is the same clubfoot, he is also clumsy and from time to time shows unprecedented dexterity, like trained bears. In addition to this, his clothes were also brown, like the skin of a bear - “To complete the similarity, his tailcoat was completely bear-colored, the sleeves were long, and the trousers were long.”
In the house, all the interior items also make the landowner similar to the image of this animal, even the blackbird reminds Chichikov of a bear.
At the same time, Pavel Ivanovich repeatedly makes comments of this kind towards Sobakevich: “bear! perfect bear! We need such a strange rapprochement: he was even called Mikhail Semenovich.”
However, this misses the similarity of this landowner with another animal - a dog. As is known, in the poem Gogol widely used a system of symbolic names and surnames. Based on these data, the name of Mikhail Semenovich should lead the reader to perceive this landowner not only as a symbolic “bear”, but also as a symbolic “dog”. The landowner himself also points out this fact in his speech: “I have such a dog’s temper: I can’t help but please my neighbor.”
In other words, Sobakevich’s paradox lies in the fact that in his image two symbols coexist - a bear - large, strong and clumsy and a dog - barking at everyone.
Attitude towards others
Sobakevich, with all his “dog” dedication, enters into communication with people. He rarely speaks well of people, especially other landowners and nobles. Unceremoniously, Mikhail Semenovich notes that everyone around is greedy and fools. In his opinion, even the most educated and smart people The districts, if you look carefully, are absolute fools. They understand little about housekeeping and are ready to waste their energy and finances on trivial activities.
Sobakevich never stands on ceremony in his characterizations. For example, he openly calls Plyushkin, a stranger to Chichikov, a swindler and a dog, criticizes French cuisine and the gastronomic tastes of the governor, claims that his cook cooks cats and passes them off as rabbits.
Mikhail Semenovich has a tender relationship, as far as possible given Sobakevich’s nature, with his wife Feodulia Ivanovna - the landowner calls his wife “darling” and does not forget to praise her for a delicious dinner.
A good relationship Sobakevich also had a relationship with his serfs. The landowner knows all his peasants by name and speaks of them as skilled workers.
Thus, Sobakevich seems to be a kind of landowner - while most people strive to ennoble their interior, he completely deprives it of any beauty and harmony. At the same time, he is a difficult person in terms of communication - it is not easy for him to get along with other people, since he first of all sees shortcomings in those around him (unless, of course, this is a representative of his family). At the same time, Sobakevich is a good landowner; he makes sure that his serfs are well-fed and provided with the minimum necessary for life.
The image of Sobakevich in the poem “Dead Souls”: description of appearance and character in quotes
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