Fresh review
Our last day in France began with a trip to Deauville, a resort town on the English Channel in Normandy. From Caen to Deauville it’s about 45 km, the whole way the guide talked about the customs that existed in France during her time in order to provide a basis for the emergence of this resort city. So at the end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th centuries, it was customary for the male population of France to have a wife from a socialite and a mistress from the ladies of the demimonde, or even a kept woman or courtesan. He had to support all these women according to their needs and status. In those days, it became fashionable to take wives and children to the sea for the summer, but this created inconvenience for men burdened with relationships with other women. Now the road from Paris to Deauville takes 2 hours, but in the 19th century everything was much more complicated. That is why the resort of Deauville arose, very close to the already existing town of Trouville-sur-Mer. These two resorts became an ideal holiday destination for the nobility, even a proverb appeared: “A wife goes to Deauville, a mistress goes to Trouville,” especially since everything is nearby, just cross the Tuk River. This is roughly the story the guide told us, well, maybe more colorfully than I did.
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For Victory Day, I will begin publishing a book published by the Staatsferlag of the German Democratic Republic in Berlin in 1981. This book was presented to one of the WWII veterans by the administration of AZTM around the same year.
The full title of the book is “Monument to the Soviet Soldier-Liberator in Treptow Park. Past and present". Authors: “Young Historians” circle of the House of Young Pioneers of the Berlin city district of Treptow. Head Dr. Horst Koepstein.
One paragraph on the dust jacket:
The monument to the Soviet Soldier-Liberator in Treptower Park is evidence of the unforgettable heroism of sons and daughters Soviet people who gave their lives in the struggle for the liberation of humanity from Hitler's fascism. He calls and obliges people of all nationalities, sparing no effort, to fight for the preservation of peace on earth.
The next point on our journey was the port city of Saint-Malo on the English Channel at the mouth of the Rance River. This town is located a little more than 50 km from the Abbey of Mont Saint-Michel; it belongs to the region of Brittany, which occupies the peninsula of the same name, separating the English Channel from the Bay of Biscay. The ancestors of the Bretons (Celts) lived in the British Isles; starting from the 6th century, the Anglo-Saxons began to push them out, and willy-nilly they had to leave their homeland. Having settled on the opposite bank of the English Channel, the Celts named their new place of residence Little Brittany. Together with them, they moved here the legendary heroes: King Arthur and Merlin, Tristan and Isolde. In addition to legends, the Bretons have preserved their culture and language, which belongs to the Brythonic subgroup of Celtic languages. And this province officially became a territory of France only in 1532.
La Merveille, or in Russian transcription La Merveille, means "Miracle". The construction of this monastery complex began with the arrival of the Benedictine monks. At the beginning of the 11th century, their community numbered about 50 people, and in the middle of the 12th century it reached its maximum in history - 60 people. At the very top of the rock in 1022, construction began on a large church in romanesque style, and lasted until 1085. The top of the rock is not the best place for the construction of a huge structure, which, according to the canons, should be in the shape of a Latin cross and 80 m long. There was not a large enough platform for this, so the architects decided to first build three crypts on the slopes of the mountain, which would serve as the basis for the choir of the church and the wings of the transept or transverse nave. And the western side of the building will rest on the Church of Notre-Dame-Sous-Terre. By the middle of the 12th century, the church was completed; it was crowned by a tower, which caused fires; the builders did not take into account that a tower on a mountain top in the middle of the sea would attract lightning.
Our trip to France was called "The Atlantic Coast of France", but on the first day we did not see the sea. But on the second day, our bus went straight to the shores of the English Channel, or rather, to a rocky island rising above the bay and called Mont Saint-Michel (Mount St. Michael). True, this rock was originally called Mont-Tumb (grave mountain). The origins of the abbey dedicated to the Archangel Michael are described in a 10th century manuscript. According to this text, in 708, the Archangel Michael appeared to Bishop Aubert from the city of Avranches in a dream and ordered him to build a church on the rock in his honor. Ober, however, did not pay due attention to this and the saint had to appear to the unbelieving Ober three times. The archangel’s patience is also not unlimited; in the end, he pointed his finger at the stubborn man’s skull. It is said that Aubert's skull, with the hole caused by Michael's touch, is still kept in the Avranches Museum. Thus, having understood the message, he nevertheless built a chapel on the rock, and even collected some relics in order to establish the cult of St. Michael in this place.
Resort area of the city. Surrounded by gardens and parks there are sanatoriums and holiday homes
I’ll finish my winter reviews with this note. These photos were taken by a German tourist in December 2013. There is a little bit of the Kaskelen Gorge and a little bit of Ushkonyr. In winter, really, everything is almost the same. In this review, everything is a little more beautiful than in the previous one about our city, but there are also plenty of photographs that the locals don’t take.
There are quite a lot of photographs, many of them are very similar. Commenting on natural beauty is quite boring, so basically everything will be without description.
Let me start with the fact that the Maralsay rest house is located not far from Almaty, and specifically beyond Talgar in the Talgar gorge or, more precisely, in the Maralsay gully. Maral is a deer and a beam, translated respectively as Deer.
First, a little road - the one that is already in the mountains. Getting to the mountains is not at all interesting and not particularly beautiful - you just drive along the Talgar highway through endless villages, gas stations, roadside shops and banquet halls. And then you turn into the Talgar Gorge and it immediately becomes beautiful.
It was mid-February. We ordered a transfer from home to the recreation center and back - we were told that we would not get there in a regular sedan. The road, in general, showed that they were right - not to say that there was ice, but the road was snowy and the slopes were not small - the all-wheel drive pickup truck skidded and sometimes the driver engaged the locks.
In the previous article about Rouen, I started right away with the main attraction - the Rouen Cathedral, since the cathedral is the holy of holies in European cities. It has been built for centuries and to last, and they try to decorate it more elaborately. But Rouen is famous not only for its cathedral. The city suffered greatly during the Second World War, especially from British bombing in April 1944 and American bombing in May-June of the same year. During these air raids, the cathedral and the historical quarter adjacent to it were significantly damaged. Fortunately, most of the most iconic historical monuments city was reconstructed or rebuilt within 15 post-war years, thanks to which Rouen is in the top five French cities in terms of the antiquity of its historical heritage.
From Champagne we had to move to Normandy. From Reims to the main city of Normandy - Rouen - just over 200 km. After a practically sleepless night, I dozed off while the guide told me about the opening of a second front during World War II. It’s not that it wasn’t interesting, it’s just that I’ve already heard and seen something on TV on Discovery Channel and History, and sometimes I opened my eyes when the guide pointed in one direction or another. But green meadows spread around, the sun was shining and nothing reminded of the war. “It clicked” in her head only when she began to talk about the feat of an American soldier who, showing remarkable ingenuity, was able to make his way to a German firing point, using the body of a dead comrade as a refuge. And thoughts themselves flowed in a different direction. Still, there are events in the assessment of which we will never meet Western requirements. Intellectually, I understand that in war all means are good, but we were brought up with other examples. Our people recklessly cover the embrasure with their bodies so that their comrades remain alive.
Arch. ensemble on the territory Piskarevsky forest park, dedicated to those who fell during the siege and defense of Leningrad in Vel. Fatherland war. The memorial was opened on May 9, 1960. The authors of the project are architect. A. Vasiliev and E. Levinson. The entrance to the cemetery is marked by propylaea pavilions, on... ... Russian humanitarian encyclopedic dictionary
Piskaryovskoye Memorial Cemetery- Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery... Russian spelling dictionary
Piskarevskoe cemetery- Piskarevskoe cemetery. Piskarevskoe cemetery. General form memorial ensemble. Saint Petersburg. Piskarevskoe cemetery, memorial cemetery, the main place of mass graves of Leningraders who died of hunger and died during the siege... ... Encyclopedic reference book "St. Petersburg"
Piskarevskoe cemetery- PISKAREVSKOYE CEMETERY, in Leningrad on Vyborg side. Founded in 19411944 burial place of victims of the siege of Leningrad and soldiers of the Leningrad Front (total of about 470 thousand people). Largest number deaths occurred in the winter of 194142 (so, 15... ... Great Patriotic War 1941-1945: encyclopedia
Memorial cemetery, the main place of mass graves of Leningraders who died of hunger and died during the siege of 1941 44, and soldiers of the Leningrad Front who died during the Great Patriotic War. Located in the northeastern part... ... St. Petersburg (encyclopedia)
In Leningrad, the memorial cemetery is the main place of mass graves of Leningraders who died during the siege of the city (1941-42), and soldiers of the Leningrad Front who died during the Great Patriotic War 1941-45. Located in the north... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia
Cemetery Piskaryovskoye Memorial Cemetery Monument “Motherland” at Piskaryovskoye Cemetery ... Wikipedia
Coordinates: Coordinates: 59°00′00″ N. w... Wikipedia
Piskarevka station Krasnoselsko Kalininskaya line St. Petersburg metro Opening date 2020 ... Wikipedia
Books
- Photo chronicle of St. Petersburg. Almanac, 2010. Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery, . The siege of Leningrad is the most tragic page in the history of the city, in the history of the Second World War. Not a single city in the world in the entire history of wars gave so many lives for Victory as Leningrad. Behind…
The Motherland is a monument erected at the Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery. Piskaryovskoye Cemetery - PISKAREVSKOYE CEMETERY, in Leningrad on the Vyborg side. This is a grandiose memorial ensemble at the Piskarevskoye cemetery (the authors of the project are architects E. A. Levinson and A. V. Vasiliev). After this, it was decided to perpetuate the memory of the victims of the siege by creating a memorial complex at the cemetery and turning it into a wartime necropolis.
The largest number of deaths occurred in the winter of 1941-1942. (so, on February 15, 1942, 8,452 dead were delivered to the cemetery for burial, on February 19 - 5,569, on February 20 - 1943). The image of the Motherland was used in patriotic productions: in particular, this role was played by Rimma Markova in such productions. Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery is a mournful monument to the victims of the Great Patriotic War, a witness to a universal tragedy and a place of universal worship.
In April 1961, the Resolution was approved: “... to consider the Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery as the main monument to the heroes who gave their lives for the happiness, freedom and independence of our Motherland...”. The eternal flame on the upper terrace of the Piskarevsky memorial burns in memory of all the victims of the blockade and the heroic defenders of the city.
The opening of the memorial ensemble of the Piskarevsky cemetery was timed to coincide with the fifteenth anniversary of the victory over fascism. Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery has the status of a museum, and excursions are held around it. It is planned to build a church in the name of the Beheading of John the Baptist at the cemetery. In 2007, a temporary wooden chapel was dedicated next to the cemetery, which will remain in operation while the church is being built.
One of our respected users, Viktor Pavlov, wrote a poem about the Piskarevskoye cemetery for May 9th. Thanks a lot. Including - on best project ensemble of the Piskarevsky necropolis. Available in Leningrad unusual monument. This is the Motherland, mourning the death of its sons and daughters, never forgetting their immortal feat.
Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery is a world-famous, national monument to the history of the Great Patriotic War, a museum of the heroism of Leningrad. In 1941-1944 it became a place of mass graves.
In the center of the architectural and sculptural ensemble is a six-meter bronze sculpture “Mother Motherland” - a mourning stele with high reliefs recreating episodes of the life and struggle of fighting Leningrad. But know, heeding these stones: No one is forgotten and nothing is forgotten. On May 9, 1960, an architectural and sculptural memorial ensemble was opened at the cemetery, the compositional center of which is a bronze sculpture symbolizing the “Motherland”.
Motherland (St. Petersburg)
General view of the memorial ensemble. During the Great Patriotic War, the main place of mass graves for victims of the siege (about 470 thousand) and participants in the defense of Leningrad. Then, in the late 30s of the 20th century, a city cemetery was organized here, named, like the wasteland itself, “Piskarevsky”. The cemetery gained gloomy worldwide fame during the Siege. In just one cemetery, just in a short and endlessly long 900 days, half a million city residents found eternal peace.
Monument to the heroic defenders of Leningrad at the Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery
New residential buildings sprang up on the outskirts of Leningrad and, soon, Piskarevskoe cemetery found itself in the center of a new urban area. Then it was decided to protect it and turn it into a memorial, dedicated to memory victims of the Siege. These lines can be read on the walls with bas-reliefs installed in the cemetery. Then the Eternal Flame was lit at the Piskarevskoye Cemetery and since then mourning events have traditionally been held here, dedicated to the Day liberation of the city from the Siege.
At the beginning of the 21st century, the Piskarevsky memorial complex was replenished with another memorable exhibit. At the end of the 30s, a cemetery, also called Piskarevsky, was created on this field, which turned into an abandoned wasteland.
The sculpture itself holds an oak wreath in its hand as a symbol of eternity. Also, in addition to words, there are also silhouettes of people walking towards each other. The sculpture personifies a grieving woman, mother, wife. The face of the sculpture is turned towards the mass graves. The Soviet image of the Motherland owes its origin to Irakli Toidze’s poster “The Motherland is Calling!”
The memorial is dedicated to the memory of all Leningraders and defenders of the city. As before, the main focus of the exhibition is documentary photographs. In the museum you can get acquainted with photographs and newsreels of the siege - during the day there is a show documentary film“Memories of the Siege” and Sergei Larenkov’s film “Siege Album”. In mass graves rest 420 thousand residents of Leningrad who died from hunger, cold, disease, bombing and artillery shelling, 70 thousand soldiers - defenders of Leningrad.
A memorial wall-stele completes the ensemble. In the thickness of the granite there are 6 reliefs dedicated to the heroism of the inhabitants of the besieged city and its defenders - men and women, warriors and workers. In the center of the stele is an epitaph written by Olga Berggolts. Thanks to people like you, the memory of the Victory and the heroes of the Great Patriotic War lives in our hearts. Immediately after the end of the Great Patriotic War, in the victorious year of 1945, a creative competition to perpetuate the memory of the city’s defenders.
Traveling and exchange exhibitions: Exhibition dedicated to the creation of the Book of Memory “Blockade. Here are collected sparse but expressive documents and photographs about the siege of Leningrad and its heroic defense.
The grand opening of a memorial in memory of the victims of the siege of Leningrad took place at the Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery
In her half-lowered hands is a garland of oak and laurel leaves entwined with a ribbon, which she seems to lay on the graves of heroes. The inspired image of the Motherland, created by sculptors V.V. Isaeva and R.K. Taurit, amazes with the depth and strength of the harsh feeling of sadness, grief and enormous courage. Carved into the granite are half-masted banners and six bas-reliefs dedicated to the life and struggle of Leningraders in the besieged city.
Perennial trees are planted on the territory of the cemetery - oaks, birches, poplars, lindens, larches. You can add your own to this list personal dates, add comments, photos and videos to events, set event reminders by e-mail and much more. Worked on the creation of the memorial creative team architects and sculptors.
At the beginning of the 20th century, on the outskirts of St. Petersburg there was a small field owned by the landowner Piskarevsky. In memory of the defenders of Leningrad, memorial plaques from cities and regions of our country, the CIS and foreign countries, as well as organizations that worked in the besieged city, were installed on it. On May 9, 1960, on the fifteenth anniversary of the Victory, Grand opening memorial. On May 9, 2002, a wooden chapel was consecrated next to the cemetery in the name of the Beheading of John the Baptist.
History of Piskarevskoye Cemetery in St. Petersburg
Piskarevskoye Memorial Cemetery is located in the Kalininsky district of St. Petersburg, in the northern part of the city. This is the place of the largest burialsvictims of the Leningrad blockade and soldiers who died during the battles for Leningrad. The churchyard was founded during the Soviet-Finnish war in 1939 in the vicinity of the Leningrad village of Piskarevka, from which it received its name. Now the mass graves of Soviet soldiers of those years and a monument in the form of a granite column “to those who died heroically in battles with the White Finns” are located in the northwestern part of the cemetery.
During three war years, from 1941 to 1944, according to various sources, he was buried here. from 470 thousand to 520 thousand people, the peak of burials occurred during the first winter of the siege. They were carried out using the trench method, without wreaths, coffins and speeches.
Since 1961 Piskaryovskoye Memorial Cemetery becomes the main monument to Leningrad heroes, at the same time a museum exhibition, dedicated to the tragic pages of the history of besieged Leningrad. It is here that you can see the famous diary of the Leningrad schoolgirl Tanya Savicheva; now the exhibition is located on the first floor of the right pavilion.
Exposition fragment
Memorial "Motherland" at Piskarevskoye cemetery
In May 1960, on the fifteenth anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War on site mass graves defenders of Leningrad and city residents, a memorial complex was erected, which every year becomes the center of memorial ceremonies laying wreaths. On the upper terrace memorial lit Eternal flame, lit from the fire on the Champ de Mars. The Central Alley extends from it with branching mass graves with tombstones. Each slab is engraved with the year of burial and Oak Leaf, personifying heroism and courage, five-pointed stars are carved on military graves. Bronze sculpture "Motherland" and a memorial wall with the epitaph of Olga Berggolts complete the composition of the complex.
Sculpture "Motherland"
The inscription on the marble plaque in front of the entrance to the cemetery reads: “From September 8, 1941 to January 22, 1944, 107,158 air bombs were dropped on the city, 148,478 shells were fired, 16,744 people were killed, 33,782 were wounded, 641,803 people died of starvation.” .
Piskarevskoe cemetery
