In 1845, Ostrovsky worked in the Moscow Commercial Court as a clerical officer.
opened up before him the whole world dramatic conflicts. This is how the talent of the future master of speech characterization of characters in his plays was cultivated.
Ostrovsky in the drama "The Thunderstorm" very clearly shows the global difference between the old patriarchal views and the new ones. All the most important character traits of the characters and their reactions to developing events are clearly visible. Let's consider speech characteristics Kabanikha.
Morals. She follows the rules of “house building” everywhere. She sees everything new as a threat to the established course of things; she condemns young people for not having “proper respect.” Kabanova is terrible not for her loyalty to antiquity, but for her tyranny “under the guise of piety.”
“It’s funny to look at them... they don’t know anything, there’s no order. They don’t know how to say goodbye... What will happen, how the old people will die, how the light will remain, I don’t know.”
Kabanova.
Households dance to their own tune. She forces Tikhon to say goodbye to his wife in the old-fashioned way, causing laughter and a feeling of regret among those around him. The whole family lives in fear of her. Tikhon, completely depressed by his domineering mother, lives with only one desire - to break out somewhere and take a walk.
“I, it seems, mummy, don’t take a step out of your will.”
“As soon as he leaves, he’ll start drinking. Now he’s listening, and he’s thinking about how he can get out as quickly as possible.”
She says that she “provides food for the poor, but completely eats up her family.” This characterizes the merchant's wife with bad side. Kabanikha, in her speech, tries to pretend to be kind and affectionate, although sometimes it is her speech that reveals negative traits her character, for example, a passion for money.
“Come on, come on, don’t be afraid! Sin! I have seen for a long time that your wife is dearer to you than your mother. Since I got married, I don’t see any love from you.”
Katerina.
Experiences all the hardships of a family environment. However, unlike Tikhon, she has a stronger character, and does not have the audacity, even if secretly, to disobey her mother.
“And I was not a liar, but I learned when it became necessary.”
A powerful merchant's wife who is afraid of everything new - this is the image he created in the play “The Thunderstorm”. Like a real dictator, Kabanikha defends housebuilding and established habits. After all, everything new carries danger and the possibility of losing control over loved ones.
History of creation
The play "The Thunderstorm" was first published in 1860. The writer was prompted to write the work by a personal drama, which was reflected in the work. In Kabanikha, Ostrovsky embodied the characteristics of a tyrant, despot and tyrant. The writer does not specifically describe the details of the heroine’s appearance so that the reader can independently, only on the basis inner world character, created the image of a merchant's wife.
Ostrovsky also does not indicate the exact age of the heroine. At the same time, Kabanikha relies on her own seniority and calls on the younger generation to respect:
“Don’t judge your older self! They know more than you. Old people have signs for everything. old man he won’t say a word to the wind.”
The resulting image, as well as the work as a whole, caused fierce controversy among the writer's contemporaries. But, despite different points of view, “The Thunderstorm” became the anthem of the pre-reform social upsurge.
"Storm"
Marfa Ignatievna lives in the city of Kalinov, located on the banks of the Volga. The woman’s husband died, leaving Kabanikha with her son Tikhon and daughter Varvara. In a provincial town there are unpleasant rumors about the merchant's wife. The woman is a real prude. For strangers, Marfa Ignatievna happily gives to the suffering, but the woman terrorizes her close people.
A woman tells those around her to live according to outdated moral principles which she violates every day. The heroine believes that children should not have their own opinions, they are obliged to honor their parents and listen to their mother unquestioningly.
Tikhon's wife gets the most. The young girl arouses hatred and jealousy in the elderly merchant's wife. Kabanikha often reproaches her son that the young man loves his young wife more than his mother. The heroine spends her time preaching morals, the hypocrisy of which is noticeable to those around her.
The conflict between the young daughter-in-law and the merchant's wife escalates with Tikhon's departure. The head of the house, who considers displays of affection a sign of weakness, orders her son to sternly reprimand his wife before leaving. A woman despises a man who sincerely loves Catherine. The merchant's wife considers her son too weak, so she suppresses his will young man with his own authority, turning the lives of Tikhon and Katerina into hell.
As soon as Tikhon leaves Kalinov, Kabanikha watches her daughter-in-law with redoubled attention. It does not escape the woman that changes are happening to Catherine, so the moment Tikhon returns home, the merchant’s wife again presses on the young people.
Katerina and Tikhon (stills from productions) When Katerina cannot withstand the pressure and admits to treason, Kabanikha feels satisfaction. The woman turned out to be right; free will in relation to the wife does not lead to anything good. Even after the death of his daughter-in-law, Kabanikha does not soften. Marfa Ignatievna does not allow her son to go in search of his wife. And when the body is discovered, he holds Tikhon so that he does not even say goodbye to his wife.
Film adaptations
In 1933, a film adaptation of “The Thunderstorm” was released, directed by Vladimir Petrov. The role of Kabanikha was performed by Varvara Massalitinova. The film received an award at the Venice international festival How best film presented to the public.
In 1977, Felix Glyamshin and Boris Babochkin filmed the television play “The Thunderstorm” based on work of the same name Ostrovsky. The colorful film was liked by television viewers. The despotic merchant's wife was played by actress Olga Kharkova.
In 2017, directors again turned to the writer’s work. Andrey Moguchiy staged his own interpretation of “The Thunderstorm”. The teleplay combines archaism and avant-garde. The image of Kabanikha was embodied on stage People's Artist Russia Marina Ignatova.
- Analysis of the dialogues of the heroes of “The Thunderstorm” allows us to conclude that Kabanikha was raised in the Old Believer faith. Therefore, the woman rejects innovations, even the railway.
- In the theater, the merchant's wife is often portrayed as an elderly woman. Although the writer does not indicate the heroine's age, the character is hardly more than 40 years old.
- Ostrovsky awarded Marfa Ignatievna speaking name and last name. “Marfa means “lady,” and the surname Kabanova is common among the merchants. The woman received the nickname “Kabanikha” for her stubbornness, for which she became famous among the city residents.
Quotes
“They don’t really respect elders these days.”
“You can’t tell anyone: if they don’t dare to your face, they will stand behind your back.”
“Come on, come on, don’t be afraid! Sin! I have seen for a long time that your wife is dearer to you than your mother. Since I got married, I don’t see the same love from you.”
“Why be afraid?! Are you crazy, or what? He won’t be afraid of you, and he won’t be afraid of me either. What kind of order will there be in the house?”
“If you want to listen to your mother, then when you get there, do as I ordered you.”
Marfa Ignatievna Kabanova is one of the main characters in the play "The Thunderstorm". An elderly rich merchant woman, a widow, focuses all her attention on the children, dominates and commands in the house. She was born and lived in a house-building environment, she likes this way of life and is implanted in the family.
It is the younger generation of Kabanovs who suffer first of all from such reactionary systems: daughter Varvara and son Tikhon with his wife Katerina. Kabanikha believes that fear should dominate in relationships between people and tries to instill it.
“...He won’t be afraid of you, and even less so of me. What kind of order will there be in the house?..”
She constantly finds fault with Tikhon for his softness and love for his wife. In her opinion, a wife should fear and respect her husband, and not love him. Love is an empty and even shameful feeling:
“Why are you hanging around your neck, shameless thing! You are not saying goodbye to your lover! He is your husband - the head! Don't you know the order? Bow at your feet!"
She does not know the feeling of love even in relation to children. The most important thing is that the children obey and respect her in everything, follow traditions, and do not go out from under their mother’s will. The wild boar strangles any disobedience in the bud, “eats” the family, killing in them the desire to resist and live by their own mind.
This upbringing made Tikhon a weak-willed and downtrodden person who cannot not only defend himself, but also abandons his wife to be “eaten up” by his mother. He leaves her alone with Kabanikha, without even trying to stand up for her:
"...I, it seems, mummy, don't take a step out of your will..."
To survive in such an environment, you need to be able to deceive, which is what Varvara does:
"...you remember where you live! Our whole house rests on this. And I was not a liar, but I learned when it became necessary..."
The boar is religious: she prays a lot, gives alms to the poor:
"...Well, I'm going to go pray to God; don't bother me..."
She sees sin everywhere and constantly threatens everyone with the torments of hell for their sins. Kabanikha is ignorant and an ardent opponent of progress, she is frightened and frightened by everything new and unknown, she believes the absurd inventions of the wanderer Feklushi.
The stuffy, musty atmosphere destroys the family: Katerina dies, Varvara runs away from home, even Tikhon dares to blame his mother for his wife’s death. Kabanikha's world is falling apart, despite her efforts. After all, she simply conducted business as her parents and then her husband taught her. She, too, always obeyed and did as she was told.
"...Don't judge your older self! They know more than you. Old people have clues for everything. An old person won't say a word to the wind..."
But then her husband died, the huge farm and family fell on Kabanikha’s shoulders, and she conducted business strictly, sternly, according to the behests of her ancestors. And everything collapsed, life no longer fit into the old framework, and Kabanikha found herself helpless.
Slide 1
Slide 2
In 1845 Ostrovsky worked in
Moscow Commercial Court
clerical official.
The whole world opened up before him
dramatic conflicts. So
the talent of the future master was nurtured
speech characteristics of the characters in their
plays.
Ostrovsky in the drama "The Thunderstorm" very clearly
shows all the global differences between
old patriarchal views and
new. All the most important features are clearly visible
characters' characters, their reactions to
developing events. Let's consider
speech characteristics of Kabanikha.
Slide 3
Kabanikha is an old man
morality. She watches everywhere
house building rules. In everything
she sees the new one as a threat
the established course of things, she
condemns youth for
she has no "due"
respect." Kabanova is scary
not by fidelity to antiquity, but
tyranny "under the guise
piety."
Kabanova.
“It’s funny to look at them...
they don't know anything
order. Say goodbye somehow
they don’t know how... What will happen, how
old people will die as it happens
the light will stand, I don’t even know.”
Slide 4
Kabanikha forces everyone at home
dance to your own tune. She forces
Tikhon said goodbye to him in the old-fashioned way
with his wife, causing laughter and feeling
regrets among others. The whole family
lives in fear of her. Tikhon,
completely depressed overbearing
mother, lives only by desire
- get out somewhere and take a walk.
“I, it seems, mamma, from your will
not a single step."
“As soon as he leaves, he’ll start drinking. He is now
listens and thinks how he can
get out quickly."
Slide 5
Kuligin calls her a “hypocrite” and
says she's a beggar
clothes, but eats the family
at all". This characterizes
a merchant's wife with a bad side.
Kabanikha in her speech
tries to pretend to be kind and
affectionate, although sometimes
speech detects
her negative traits
character, for example passion for
money.
Katerina.
“Come on, come on, don’t be afraid! Sin!
I've seen for a long time that you have a wife
sweeter than mother. Since
got married, I can already see from you
I don’t see love.”
Slide 6
Tikhon's sister, Varvara,
also experiences
all the hardships of family
situation. However, in
unlike Tikhon, she
has a harder
character and lacking
insolence, albeit secretly, not
obey your mother.
“I found a place of instruction
read."
“And I wasn’t a liar, yes
learned when needed
became."
Slide 7
Kabanikha is very pious and
religious. But before
opens up to us
scary and tyrannical
essence of Kabanikha. She
managed to subjugate
everyone, keeps everything under
control, she even
trying to control
relationships
people, which leads
Katerina to death.
The boar is cunning and smart,
difference from the Wild one, and this
makes her more
scary.
Slide 8
Kabanikha has no doubts about moral righteousness
relations of patriarchal life, but also confidence in them
there is no indestructibility either. On the contrary, she feels
almost the last guardian of this
"correct" world order, and the expectation that from its
Chaos will come with death, adds tragedy to her figure.
Kabanova, or as she is called, Kabanikha, is one of the main characters in Ostrovsky’s play “The Thunderstorm”. Marfa Ignatievna is a rich merchant's wife and also a widow. She has two children: son Tikhon and daughter Varvara. Her son Tikhon lives in her house with his wife Katerina.
Kabanikha is presented as an angry, envious and hypocritical woman who seemingly hates everything around her. Her favorite pastime is reading morals to her son and daughter, and she generally keeps Catherine in fear. Her very appearance is menacing and fearless.
It is not for nothing that the writer gives the head of the family such a strange nickname. It fully conveys the character of the heroine. Assessing her actions, we can confidently call her heartless.
Her biggest offense is that she raised her son to be a weak-willed and spineless man. He can't take a step without asking her. Thus, he cannot and does not even try to protect his wife from her mother-in-law’s attacks. From Kabanikha’s side, the reader sees ordinary jealousy towards her own son.
Her image is contradictory: she believes in God, but does evil, gives alms, but offends her loved ones. She skillfully plays in front of others: she pretends not to understand, calls herself old and haggard, but at the same time she is determined to teach others.
Naturally, the image of Kabanova is the prototype of Catherine, her opposite. Although, there is still something in common between them. They both respect antiquity, but understand it differently. For the mother-in-law, antiquity is what should subjugate the youth. Her attitude suggests that old people should give orders, and young people should obey unquestioningly. Katerina has other ideas. For her, antiquity is love and care for one's neighbor, it is mercy and compassion not only towards older people, but also towards everyone around. Katerina is a victim of Kabanikha, who endures bullying and abuse, while Varvara only pretends to listen to her mother, in fact adhering only to her own views.
After reading the play, the reader realizes that it was Kabanikha who contributed to the death of Katerina. She threatened to take her own life, apparently running away from her mother-in-law's attacks. Maybe Kabanikha did not want such a denouement, but the desire to break her daughter-in-law prevailed in any case. As a result, Kabanova’s family is collapsing. The daughter blamed her mother for Katerina’s death and left home, while Tikhon went on a drinking binge.
Option 2
We all know dramatic play Ostrovsky's "The Thunderstorm", in which there is an interesting heroine - Kabanikha (Marfa Ignatievna Kabanova).
Kabanikha is presented in the image of a rich merchant's wife. Marfa Ignatievna is a long-widowed woman.
This woman can be described as a lover of showing off her strength. Power and fortitude are the main features of Kabanikha’s image.
Marfa Ignatievna demands mandatory obedience from everyone, including her relatives. She is almost always unhappy with them. She scolds and educates them every day, and is especially dissatisfied with her son and Katerina. Kabanikha requires people to perform rituals and rites. She believes that it is important to keep the family order at bay.
Kabanikha likes to do different things and her main interests are expressed in following established procedures.
Kabanikha and Katerina have little similarity in that both are unable to reconcile their weak character traits. The second similarity is expressed in religiosity, both revere it, while not believing in forgiveness. This is where the similarity in their character traits ends.
The differences in characters are expressed by the fact that she is spiritual and a dreamer, the second lover of maintaining order in small things. For Katerina, love and will come first; for Kabanikha, it’s carrying out orders.
Kabanikha feels like a guardian of order, believing that with her death there will be chaos in the world and at home. No one doubts that the lady has an imperious character, which she periodically shows to everyone.
Kabanikha herself, no matter how much she scolds her children for being disobedient, never complains about them. Therefore, when the daughter-in-law openly confesses in public, this is unacceptable for her and turns out to be a terrible blow to her pride, to which was added the son’s rebellion, and in addition to these troubles, another one is added - the daughter’s escape from her home.
At the end of the play, the author shows the collapse of the powerful, seemingly indestructible world of Kabanikha. It is a terrible blow for her that everything has gone out of the lady’s control. Of course, the reader does not sympathize with her, because this is her fault. What she deserved, she got.
In conclusion, I would like to note that the image of Marfa Ignatievna personifies the patriarchal way of life. She claims that it is not her business whether it is good or bad, but it must be followed.
The outcome of the play is tragic: Katerina dies, the son rebels, the daughter runs away from home. With all the events taking place in the play, Kabanikha’s world collapses, and so does she.
Essay on the theme of Kabanikh
One of the main characters in the work “The Thunderstorm” is Marfa Ignatievna Kabanova. People all called her Kabanikha. The rich merchant's wife and widow had two children, Varvara and Tikhon, who married Catherine. She was a typical representative of the older generation who loves to give instructions and lecture. For her, the most important priority in life was to comply with the customs and orders established in society. She did not love her children, kept the whole house in fear, and often offended people.
The author of the play describes his heroine as a formidable, strict, evil, cruel and heartless woman. She did not neglect to show hypocrisy. In public, she tried to behave decently. She helped the poor, but at the same time offended her own children and her daughter-in-law Ekaterina. She often left everyone to pray to God. But this did not help her live a holy life. Her children believed that the only way to survive in their mother's house was to learn to deceive. Marfa Ignatievna preferred to keep her Son in fear. She was often jealous of his young wife. In her instructions, she repeated more than once that young people respect old people. In fact, she only had herself. It wasn't so important to her that others listened. She just liked to keep everyone at bay and feel like she was in control. Kabanikha strictly observed traditions and forced young people to do the same.
The heroine was a very stern woman. You could often hear her scolding and criticizing everyone around her. In her character one could observe despotism, which was the result of her blind trust in established customs. Her severity was also expressed in her attitude towards her own daughter-in-law. She cut off every word of Catherine and made poisonous remarks. She condemned her daughter-in-law for treating her husband kindly. In her opinion, a woman should fear her husband so much that she feels like his slave.
As a result, with her behavior and attitude towards life, Kabanikha strangled all living things around her. Her children were unhappy. The fate of each of them is not attractive to readers. Perhaps everyone who read the play wondered whether it was worth being such a stern admirer of man-made traditions.
Alexander Nikolaevich Ostrovsky wrote his play “The Thunderstorm” in 1859. The plot centers on a confrontation between generations. The older generation has always stuck to old morals, experiences and customs. They refused to understand the young people. And those, on the contrary, never sought to follow the traditions established over centuries. Therefore, the elders tried to re-educate their will. This problem, which Ostrovsky described in his play, will forever remain significant as long as fathers and sons exist. Parents want their children to be like them and follow their paths.
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