Woe from Wit is a characteristic of the work. Speech characteristics of the heroes of the comedy "Woe from Wit" by Griboedov A.S.

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In Griboyedov's comedy "Woe from Wit", there are many characters. Most of them are used by the author as background or confirmation of certain principles secular society.

The main characters of the comedy

Despite the large number of heroes, the main action in the comedy is centered around four characters - Chatsky, Famusov, Sophia, Molchalin.
Alexander Andreevich Chatsky

Alexander Chatsky

This is a young nobleman who was left an orphan at an early age. A family friend, Famusov, was involved in his upbringing. Having matured, Chatsky begins independent life.

He spent three years abroad and after returning from the trip he visits his teacher Famusov and his daughter Sonya, for whom he has tender feelings and with whom he hopes to marry.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with the “image of Chatsky in the comedy “Woe from Wit,” written by Alexander Griboyedov.

However, the picture he saw was extremely discouraging - Famusov was far from that childhood memory of his teachers.

Thanks to a trip abroad, Chatsky was able to learn about the excellent relationships between people and their goals in life, so the corrupt aristocracy, mired in clichés and empty, meaningless actions, disgusts Chatsky. Chatsky’s attempts to explain his position and convince others of the opposite do not lead to success - at the end of the work he leaves Moscow, because he sees no other way out.

Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov
Famusov is the teacher of Alexander Chatsky. At the time of the story, he is the manager of a government agency. His wife died long ago, leaving him a daughter, Sophia. The image of Famusov is very contradictory; on the one hand, he is a man who is not deprived positive qualities character - for example, he takes Alexander in after the death of his parents and treats him as his son. On the other hand, he is a dishonest and hypocritical person. The main measure of a person’s success and integrity for him is financial security and a high position. Famusov is a bribe-taker and a deceiver, which is why he has a conflict with his pupil.

Sofia Famusova
Sophia is the daughter of Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov. In the comedy she is depicted as an adult - a girl of marriageable age.

Despite the fact that she is not so mired in the aristocratic swamp, the girl is still partially negative character– her disregard for true feelings pushes her away from this character.

The girl loves when people please her, and she doesn’t care much about the fact that such behavior looks humiliating.

Alexey Stepanovich Molchalin
Molchalin is Famusov’s personal secretary, although officially he is an archive worker at government agency where Famusov works. Molchalin is a simple man by birth, so for the sake of the title and the right to belong to high society, he is ready to do anything. Molchalin pleases Famusov and his daughter in every possible way in order to make his dream come true. In fact, he is a hypocritical, stupid and dishonest person.

Minor characters

This category includes characters who have a significant influence on the formation of the plot of the comedy, but at the same time they are not active characters. In addition, this also includes heroes who have overly generalized and vague character traits, such as Lisa.

Repetilov
Repetilov is an old friend of Famusov. During his youth he was dissolute and stormy life, giving in to balls and social pastimes. Due to absent-mindedness and lack of concentration, he was unable to provide himself career.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with the “characteristics of Famus society in the comedy “Woe from Wit,” written by Alexander Griboedov.

Sergey Sergeevich Skalozub

Skalozub is a rich officer. By nature he is a prominent man, but stupid and uninteresting. Skalozub is too fixated on military service and his career and sees no point in anything else.

Lisa
Lisa is a young girl, a servant in Famusov’s house. She has an attractive appearance, which turns out in her case negative trait- Famusov and Molchalin pester her. Life in Famusov’s house in Liza’s case is further complicated by her complex relationship with Sophia - Famusov’s daughter from time to time draws Liza into her love affairs, which is why the latter may have problems serious problems.

Tertiary characters

In a comedy there are the largest number of characters whose action occupies a fragmentary, episodic period of time. However, it cannot be said that their presence in the text is unjustified - in fact, they play a very important role. With their help, the main types of personalities of aristocratic society and the main negative qualities representatives of this layer.

Anton Antonovich Zagoretsky
Zagoretsky became famous in society as a rogue and a deceiver - he has an extraordinary passion for playing cards, but always plays in a dishonest way. In addition, Anton Antonovich prefers to lead an active social life - he is a regular person at theaters, balls and dinner parties.

Anfisa Nilovna Khlestova
Anfisa Nilovna is Famusov’s relative. At the time of the story, she is already an old woman. Khlestova was once a maid of honor, but now, in her old age, no one needs her.

Because of such dissatisfaction with life, the old woman acquired bad character and is an extremely unpleasant person.

Her house is full of young girls whom she has taken in and dogs - such company allows her to seem important and necessary and entertains the old woman in times of despondency.

Platon Mikhailovich Gorich
Not all representatives of the aristocracy are people with leveled qualities. Examples of people who have retained their moral character are Platon Mikhailovich Gorich. He is a kind and sincere person, with a sound mind and the ability to reflect, but he has too soft a character, which made him a confident henpecked man.

Natalya Dmitrievna Gorich
Natalya Dmitrievna is Platon Mikhailovich’s wife. A woman is much younger than her husband, and in contrast to him, has a special love for social life, which terribly burdens the husband, but Gorich is unable to resist his wife’s desires.

Pyotr Ilyich Tugoukhovsky
The surname of Pyotr Ilyich fully corresponds to his essence, or rather to his physical defect. The prince is terribly hard of hearing, which makes his life much more difficult. Hearing problems became the reason that Pyotr Ilyich rarely appears in public, and his wife became the commander of her husband and their life in general.

Marya Alekseevna Tugoukhovskaya
Marya Alekseevna is Pyotr Ilyich’s wife. They had 6 daughters in their marriage. All of them are unmarried girls at the time of the story. The prince and princess are forced to constantly appear in public with their daughters in order to successfully marry off their daughters, but so far the hopes of these nobles have not been justified.

Countesses Khryumina
The grandmother and granddaughter are hiding under the name of the countesses Khryumin. The main emphasis in the comedy of the two of them is on the granddaughter who remained old maid, and therefore she is always angry and offended by the whole world.

The Grandmother Countess is a decrepit old woman who can no longer afford dinner parties and balls, but she still tries to attend them, apparently to find a husband for her granddaughter.3 (60%) 2 votes

Sirvint-Sherman Z.M. Sketch of a theatrical production for the play by A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit"

Famusov's image
Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov is an elderly man, self-confident and domineering. A wealthy nobleman, a widower, the father of his only seventeen-year-old daughter, whom he loves very much and raises in his own way, in the spirit of old times. Famusov is a major official, although he approaches his service formally, it does not interest him (... it’s signed, off his shoulders). Always strives for his own benefit. This is evident from the way he talks about his daughter's marriage. Famusov loves to brag. He even boasts about what he does not have, for example: monastic behavior, although he himself flirts with the maid Lisa. In the image of Famusov, the author portrays an ordinary person for that time, with his views on life and upbringing.

Image of Sophia
Sophia is Famusov’s daughter, she is seventeen years old. From the words of her father, we learn that she lost her mother early, so Madame Rosier and visiting teachers were involved in her upbringing. As a child, she was very friendly with Chatsky, possibly in love with him. Loves to read French novels. Treats his maid Lisa well, considers her the only one a devoted person. She sincerely loves Molchalin, considers him smart, handsome and similar to the hero of her favorite French novels. He does not hesitate, on occasion, to deceive his father, and has absolutely no sympathy for Chatsky.

The image of Chatsky
Chatsky is a young man, Sofia’s childhood friend. He is very smart and well read. His speech is literate and colorful. Arriving from abroad in Moscow, he rushes to meet Sofia and rejoices at the upcoming date. He is lively, inspired, eloquent (even talkative), witty, full of life, and jokes a lot. But the strange cold reception offends him, he is upset and puzzled by Sofia’s inattention, because, rushing to his homeland, Chatsky hoped that she was waiting for him.
Chatsky mocks and condemns the life of the Moscow nobles. He doesn’t like the fact that Russian children are taught to read and write by foreign teachers, and the children do not know pure Russian. Chatsky came to Russia with the hope of changing the old order, but these hopes were not realized.

Image of Molchalin
Molchalin is a young man in the service of Famusov. He is his secretary and lives at his home. Before meeting Famusov, Molchalin was either a minor nobleman or a commoner; after meeting him he began to quickly advance through career ladder.
Molchalin’s characteristic features are the desire for a career, the ability to fawn, and hypocrisy. He is a man of few words. This is explained by his fear of expressing his judgment. Molchalin knows that if he wants to make a career, then he needs to please his bosses in everything. In an effort to rise in rank, Molchalin fawns and fawns on influential people. WITH different people he talks differently. He addresses Famusov with respect, and Sophia with particular modesty; with Liza he does not mince words; with Chatsky he speaks outwardly politely, but behind this lies complacency, mockery and a desire to teach. The manner of talking to people reveals all of Molchalin’s hypocrisy. His father bequeathed to him to please all the people who could be of some use to him. And he largely follows this advice.
Chatsky, who knows the type of officials such as Molchalin, predicts for him the possibility of a brilliant career.

Characteristics of the Moscow nobility
About life, way of life and morals of Moscow in the 20s of the 19th century. and its individuals, we learn from the words of Chatsky and Famusov. We see before us a sleepy, ossified life, where nothing changes for many years. Blind worship of everything foreign is shown, whether it concerns fashion, education or language. The empty pastime of many is to attend numerous balls and festivities in order to pursue ladies there. Mention is made of a serf-theater - a cruel tyrant, an obscurantist - a member of the academic council.

IN Russian classics Griboyedov is known as the author of the first comedy, combining examples of classicism and realism, although he had other comedies created earlier. Previously created plays included the beginnings of a combination various styles to found a new, but the true result of the innovative genre, was Griboyedov’s work “Woe from Wit.” The author came up with the idea for the play in 1820; the writer received significant assistance in describing the characters from the stories of his longtime friend, E. B. Grekhova. Griboedov’s comedy is considered the height of poetic dramaturgy; lines from the play instantly turned into quotes that are still used in our lives.

Characteristics of the heroes “Woe from Wit”

Main characters

Minor characters

In "Woe from Wit" the heroes, one of whom is Chatsky, show the conflict of generations. This play also contains off-stage characters, the list of which includes representatives of Moscow society. The main characters of "Woe from Wit", except for Chatsky, have no prototypes; some minor characters express the features of the author's contemporaries from the literary society. This table, which gives characteristics of the heroes, can help in presenting summary plays.

Work test

One of the main features of the comedy “Woe from Wit” by A.S. Griboyedov is the presence in the play of two conflicts that are closely related to each other. One of them is love, the other is social. This determines the arrangement of the heroes of the comedy “Woe from Wit”. The love line is represented by Chatsky, Sophia and Molchalin. The social line is expressed by the opposition between the conservative nobility, the main exponent of which is Famusov, and the progressive views on the structure of society, which Chatsky preaches. TO Famusov society also applies to Molchalin, Sophia’s lover. loving and social conflicts united by the image of Chatsky, the main character of “Woe from Wit”.

Alexander Andreevich Chatsky returned from abroad and immediately went to Famusov’s house, where he had once been brought up and where he had been absent for three years. Chatsky dreams of meeting his beloved Sophia, Famusov’s daughter. But Sophia greets him with extreme restraint, because she is in love with Molchalin. The hero does not understand the reasons for the girl’s cooling towards him. He begins to ask her, her father, about this. And in the verbal battles between these heroes, serious contradictions appear on issues of morality, culture, education, and the structure of society.

Famusov in comedy it represents the “past century”. main feature The worldview of the conservative nobility is that they do not want any changes, because changes threaten their well-being. In the noble society, at which Griboyedov’s satire is directed, only rank and money are valued. And Famusov is no exception. He speaks with pride of his uncle, Maxim Petrovich, who knew how to “curry favor” and therefore “knew honor before everyone.” The only thing that Famusov really cares about is society’s opinion of him.

On behalf of the “past century” also speaks Molchalin. Its main advantages are “moderation and accuracy.” He is a worthy successor to the views of Moscow high society. He knows how to curry favor and strives to make and maintain useful contacts. Even his relationship with Sophia is nothing more than serving her father.

Chatsky is sharply opposed to these heroes. Their views on the structure of society are alien to him. Chatsky is the owner of an active, creative mind. He wants to serve “the cause, not individuals,” because he highly values ​​individual freedom, honor and dignity. Chatsky is the only comedy hero who represents the “present century.” It expresses the ideas of the author himself - ideas of morality and enlightenment that conservative nobles are not ready to accept.

When characterizing the characters in “Woe from Wit,” the most difficult thing to interpret is the image Sofia Famusova. It cannot be attributed either to the “present century” or “to the past century.” Unlike her father and Molchalin, Sophia is not afraid of the opinions of society. She tells Molchalin as much when he asks her to be careful and not show her feelings in public. She plays music and reads books, which Famusov considers unnecessary and even harmful. But Sophia is not on Chatsky’s side, since his accusatory monologues threaten not only the comfortable life of the nobles, but also her personal happiness. That is why Sophia starts a rumor that Chatsky is crazy, and society is so actively spreading this gossip.

The list of characters in “Woe from Wit” is not limited to the main characters. It is also important to understand the problem minor characters"Fire from mind." For example, it is impossible to imagine the development of a love affair in a comedy without Lisa's maids, who helps Sofya and Molchalin keep their dates secret. Also, the image of Lisa participates in a more complete disclosure of other characters in Griboedov’s “Woe from Wit”. Molchalin shows her signs of attention, and it immediately becomes clear to the reader that he has no feelings for Sophia.

Colonel Skalozub also participates in the development love line. He is tipped to be Sophia's groom because he has money. The only pity is that I have no mind at all. But this helps to portray the army in a satirical way.

Off-stage characters carry a special meaning. They do not participate in the actions of the comedy, but other characters talk about them, which allows us to more fully imagine the mores of the noble society of that time. The most famous off-stage character is Maxim Petrovich, Uncle Famusov, who deliberately fell several times at the empress’s reception in order to amuse her and earn respect at court.

It should be noted that all the images of the comedy heroes acquire a deeper sound than was customary before the appearance of the play “Woe from Wit.” There are no absolute villains here, no heroes without flaws. Griboyedov refuses the traditional division of characters into good and bad. So Famusov is a caring father for his daughter, and Chatsky in some moments shows excessive ardor and unceremoniousness.

The characters created by Griboyedov do not lose their relevance today. After all, the problem of replacing old views with new ones is always topical. At all times there are people who bring progressive ideas to society, and those who refuse to accept the new, defending their outdated views.

This article describes the main characters comedy by Griboyedov. A description of the heroes and their characters will be useful to 9th grade students when preparing a report or essay on the topic “The main characters of the comedy “Woe from Wit”.”

Work test

Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov is a versatile personality. He was a polyglot, musician, politician. He also proved himself to be a brilliant dramatic author. Truly the pinnacle of his work is the comedy “Woe from Wit.” It is this work that has firmly entered the treasury of Russian classics. Thanks to comedy modern reader knows and remembers who he is. Description of the heroes will allow the best way perceive and understand the work.

Alexander Andreich Chatsky

A landowner who has about 400 serfs under his command. Chatsky is young and does not have his own family. He is an orphan. Chatsky’s dad was once close friends with Famusov. Famusov raised the boy, but as he grew up, Alexander Andreich separated. Chatsky has a long-standing, warm relationship with Sofia. He likes the girl.

Chatsky is a member of the “English Club”, that is, he is a member of a prestigious public institution of that time. Alexander is smart and knows how to beautifully express his own thoughts. The young man always makes fun of human stupidity. The tone of Chatsky's speech is harsh, he has a sharp tongue. Society considers Alexander Andreich “proud,” not understanding that this is not pride, but the independence of a young man.

Since Chatsky’s views on life are liberal, Famusov’s society declares him crazy. For this reason, Alexander Andreich is forced to leave the capital.

Useful video: the image of Chatsky in the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit"

Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov

At the time of the actions described by Griboedov, the man buried his wife and is raising his daughter Sophia. He is already old enough, but he is cheerful and full of strength. Famusov lives with his daughter in the capital and serves as a manager in one of the institutions.

Taking advantage of his official position, Famusov promotes his relatives and gives them undeserved awards and titles.

He has income, but, apparently, in present period At the time, things are not going as well as he would like, and so he is looking for a profitable match for his daughter. Famusov is also a member of the English Klob. Pavel Afanasyevich is a flighty man. This can be judged by the fact that he shows signs of attention to the maid Lizaveta. Famusov is often dissatisfied, grumbling with or without reason.

One of his favorite pastimes is scolding servants. Knows how to flatter and please to the right person. It is impossible to characterize Famusov without emphasizing how important it is to him what society says about him.

Alexey Stepanovich Molchalin

An adult man who has been serving as Famusov’s secretary for the last 3 years. Alexey Stepanovich lives, so to speak, at his place of duty, that is, in a separate room with his employer. Formally, Molchalin works in the archives, where Famusov arranged for him, using his connections. Alexey Stepanovich receives ranks there.

Silently a flatterer and a suck-up. He knows how to please Famusov, who feeds him, waters him and promotes him through the ranks. Alexey Stepanovich has little money. Besides, he is a provincial. Until the moment described in the work, this hero lived in Tver. His surname is telling; it only once again emphasizes that the hero knows how much and with whom to talk.

Chatsky considers him a pathetic person. By and large, Molchalin can be said to be a modest person. But his attitude towards Lisa suggests that nothing masculine is alien to him. The man is silent and does not make critical remarks about anyone. This is his tactic.

She, in his opinion, will allow him to achieve his goal. Chatsky considers him a liar, a cunning and a scoundrel. He maintains relations with Famusov’s daughter for the sake of promotion career ladder. Molchalin does not have feelings for her. He loves Lisa, but behaves very freely towards the girl.

Sofya Pavlovna Famusova

A young girl who is turning eighteen. A rich bride who can become a profitable match. Sophia is pretty and pretty. The girl’s mother died long ago, and she was raised by her father and governess from Paris. The father gave his daughter a good family education.

Sophia learned to sing, play music, in a word, do what a girl from a decent family should be able to do. Sophia loves to read, mainly French novels. The father does not share his daughter’s passion for reading; he believes that it is a harmful activity.

Sophia easily flirts with her suitors. For this, her father reproaches her and compares her to her late mother. The girl is in love with Molchalin, but does not risk admitting it to Chatsky. At the same time, Sophia is very naive, because she does not understand that Alexei Stepanovich is using her for his own purposes.

Quote from Sophia:

• “Happy hours don’t watch…”
• “Just think how capricious happiness is! It could be worse, you can get away with it..."
• “How sweet!... I don’t care what’s for him, what’s in the water...”
• “He knows how to make everyone laugh nicely; chatting, joking..."
• “I was very careless, perhaps I acted, and I know, and I’m guilty, oh where did I change?...”

Other characters

1. Sergey Sergeevich Skalozub. A military man who rose to the rank of colonel. Moves in secular circles of Moscow society. He is in middle age, but not yet old. His appearance and the timbre of his voice indicate that he is a hero. Skalozub is characterized by panache. Follows fashion. And he even tries to adjust the timbre of his voice to the requirements of the fashion of the time. Skalozub's development is quite limited. All his thoughts are only about military service. Sergei Sergeevich doesn’t even know how to properly carry on a conversation. Skalozub can be called a careerist, because this person has moved well up the career ladder in a short period of time. He has several military awards. Sergei Sergeevich is far from averse to marrying Sophia. According to Famusov, this great option. But Sophia does not look at the colonel. She likes Molchalin.
2. Lizanka. This is a servant in Famusov's house. About the same age as Sophia. The girl is very pretty and spontaneous. Tries to behave “decently.” She is not fooled by Molchalin’s gifts and promises. Superstitious and fearful. Lisa is often involved in the mischief of her mistress. For this reason, the girl is afraid of Famusov’s anger. Both Famusov and Molchalin are trying to enter into a relationship with her, but Lisa’s heart is given to the bartender Petrusha.
3. Repetilov. An old friend of Chatsky. Very awkward, and therefore funny. He tried to make a career as an official, but failed. Constantly lies. In addition, Repetilov is superstitious. The man is kind, but leads a stupid life. In terms of mental development, he falls short. Moreover, Repetilov approaches himself self-critically and admits his own stupidity. He doesn't like to read. He treats his wife and children with insufficient care. He is a reveler. I lost my estate at cards. On Thursdays this person attends a certain secret society. Very lazy.
4. Anton Antonovich Zagoretsky. This man is a regular at all social evenings. Moreover, he leaves only with the onset of morning. Zagoretsky likes to watch theatrical performances. He is a cheater and lies a lot. Anton Antonovich cheats in card games, and many people know about this. He loves to gossip. Zagoretsky likes to read fables, but he does not understand their allegorical meaning at all.
5. Anfisa Nilovna Khlestova. The woman is the sister of Famusov’s now deceased wife. She is 65 years old. Khlestova noble origin. Anfisa Nilovna is very angry. It is important for her to be fashionable. For this reason, she got herself a Pomeranian and goes with him to social events. Her maid is a dark-skinned blackamoor. And this is also a tribute to fashion. Khlestova's gossip. For this reason, Anfisa Nilovna knows everything about everyone. Education is not important to her. She doesn't read books. But she is always happy to play cards.
6. Platon Mikhailovich Gorich. This is an old friend of Chatsky. He is now retired. Gorich's life is calm and measured. The man is married to a young woman, but this marriage cannot be called happy. He often yearns for his old military life. Platon Mikhailovich is bored and plays music on the flute. The wife takes care of the man like a weak child. His wife loves to attend social events, so Platon Mikhailovich goes with her. He is kind and gentle. Smart. But at the same time, Platon Mikhailovich can be called henpecked.
7. Natalya Dmitrievna Gorich. She is the wife of Platon Mikhailovich. The woman is young and pretty. She likes to attend social evenings. Keeps her spouse “under her thumb.” To some extent, their family is a projection of the possible development of relations between Sophia and Molchalin.
8. Pyotr Ilyich Tugoukhovsky. Aged and possibly ill. He and his wife have six daughters. His last name is telling. Tugoukhovsky “doesn’t hear too much” or doesn’t want to hear. Pyotr Ilyich with his wife and daughters goes to social events to find a profitable match for the heiresses.
9. Marya Alekseevna Tugoukhovskaya. Wife of Pyotr Ilyich. She loves to command her husband, and he obeys her. Marya Alekseevna is an avid gambler, she loses to Khlestova at the evening. Tugoukhovskaya considers education useless. The main thing for a woman is what rank this or that person wears.
10. Countess Khryumina. There are two of them: a granddaughter and a grandmother. The author does not call them by name. But the surname suggests certain thoughts. The granddaughter of evil, from the category of old maids. Tries to follow fashion. Gossip. The grandmother attends social events in order to successfully marry her granddaughter.
11. Parsley. This is a serf in the Famusovs' house. He is literate. Helps Famusov keep notes. Lisa is in love with Petrushka.

Brief description of the heroes

An even more succinct and brief description of the comedy heroes can be presented in the form of a table:

Useful video: the system of images in the comedy “Woe from Wit”

Conclusion

To summarize, we can say that Griboyedov’s writing of “Woe from Wit” was the beginning of a new Russian realistic dramaturgy. The characters he created are the embodiment eternal questions in life. For Griboyedov, taking into account the historical period was important. In the name of good, he denounces the vices of society. Time has shown that historical period changes, but human shortcomings remain the same.